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CASEstudy Chilling out IES digs out the cold facts about industrial fridges using CFD IES is well known for its building performance application, IESVE and VE 2017, that analyse the environmental impact of a building project. When you think about it, the mathematics that go into solving problems like carbon emissions, heating requirements and other factors that determine whether a building is going to meet sustainable targets, are not too dissimilar to the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) studies outlined here. The CFD analysis also illustrates the level of detail addressed, mainly focused on what happens when a door is opened that separates an extreme environment from a normal one. DOVER WESTERN DOCKS REVIVAL In the first case study, IES Consulting were commissioned to perform internal an CFD analysis to study the transient variation in temperature in the refrigerated chilled storage rooms for the Dover Western Docks Revival project, for instance the variation in temperature when doors are kept open to the outside for a considerable period of time. IES Consultants carried out two types of analysis on this project: Steady State analysis to look at general operation of the system and transient analysis for the worst case scenario of how things can change. The Steady State CFD simulation studied the general distribution of airflow and temperature within the Refrigerated Chilled Store and the adjoining loading space of the proposed Dover Port Western Docks Revival project. This was followed by a transient CFD simulation, where the external doors were set to open to outside conditions of 28 o C with a wind speed of 8.23m/s, and air curtains switched on. The Steady State study simulation showed that the temperature in the refrigerated chilled store was observed to be in the range of 12°C to 13°C. The temperature in the Inload Bay was observed to be around 26°C. Under the normal operating conditions, the Refrigerated Chilled Store shows quite an even distribution of temperature. In the transient analysis, the average temperature was observed to stabilise around 18.5°C for the refrigerated chilled store after six and half minutes. Within the refrigerated chilled store it was noted to vary from 25°C near the open doors to about 18°C at the back of the room. REGENERON BULK BIOLOGICS The second case study looked at what happens when you open the door to a chilled environment, and the effect of different periods of its opening. IES Consulting was commissioned to perform the analysis for a GMP cold room in the Regeneron Bulk Biologics facility in Limerick, Ireland. The analysis looked at different operation scenarios of the cold room. The performance of the GMP cold room within the Regeneron Bulk Biologics facility was analysed under various conditions. A Steady State CFD simulation was carried out to look at the general operation scenario. It was observed that the temperature in the GMP cold room was between 3 o C to 6 o C. A dynamic CFD simulation was performed with 'product' cooling from 21 o C to 2 o C across a period of 12 hours. A combination of steady and dynamic CFD simulations assessed a scenario where the door was closed after being open for an extended period of time. It was observed that the flow patterns in the GMP cold room prevented the average temperature of the cold room increasing beyond 6 o C. The opening of the door increased the temperature only in the immediate vicinity of the doors. A further dynamic CFD simulation assessed a scenario where a door was opened for only a short period of 10 seconds. The results indicated a similar scenario to the one described above. The average temperature of the cold room did not go beyond 5 o C. The warm air coming in through the door remained localised to the region near the door and quickly dissipated after the door was closed. A dynamic CFD simulation was performed to look at switchover from the 'Run' evaporators to the standby evaporators. The switchover caused average temperatures to increase by 5 o C when all the evaporators were off. MSD CARLOW, IRELAND MSD Carlow is a pharmaceutical warehouse in Ireland. IES Consulting were commissioned to perform internal CFD analysis to study the performance of the cooling systems within the cold rooms at the Facility. This consisted of a set of three rooms with different set points being simulated together to see how the interaction takes place when the door opens to the outside versus door opens to either of the inside rooms etc. A very comprehensive analysis of the cooling system was carried out. Steady State CFD simulations were performed to study the airflow patterns within the three interconnected chilled rooms of the MSD Carlow warehouse to study the cooling systems installed in chilled rooms. Three scenarios were analysed: All main cooling units were operational All standby cooling units were operational Two rooms with the main units were operational, one with standby unit operational and with a forklift present in each room. Maintaining temperatures in chilled warehouses is critical. It brings to mind, however, other scenarios requiring cold environments to be maintained, such as data centres with banks of servers. www.iesve.com 20 January/February 2018
From design to reality Louis Vuitton Foundation (France) Tekla Structures is intelligent 3D modelling software at the heart of the digital construction process. From concept drawing to reality, collaboration between people and across technologies becomes more efficient and rewarding. Together we are shaping a smarter future for construction. www.tekla.com/uk/solutions TRANSFORMING THE WAY THE WORLD WORKS
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