5 - unesdoc - Unesco

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Phase I Preliminary identification 0. Initialization conditions 1. Feasibility of implementation 2.Use of indicators in Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management Figure 2-1 Elements of the ICOM Process (adapted from Henocque and Denis, 2001) Player identification Opportunities and constraints Context: political, socioeconomic, environmental Micro-projects Zoning Management plan Phase II Preparation 2. Socio-environmental assessment 3. Desirable and possible scenarios 4. Elaboration of a management plan Scenarios INSTITUTIONALIZATION Pioneer group Temporary pilot group Steering committee Coordination structure Issues Assessment, diagnostic Goals, strategies Review and evaluation INFORMATION SYSTEM Adoption and funding Phase III Implementation 5. Institutionalization 6. Implementation of the management scheme 7. Evaluation and adjustment Monitoring and indicators Phase IV Consolidation, replication and expansion 8. Consolidation 9. Replication 10. Expansion 10 IOC Manuals and Guides 46 Training Specific impact studies Applied good practices and guidelines Temporary Existing Information In-depth Information Second- generation project/ programmes Scaling-up of ICOM initiatives Transboundary initiatives ICOM approaches replicated in different areas
in the geographic scope, the role of national and sub-national authorities, and the extent and importance of international funding. 2.5 The role of indicators in the management process What are “indicators”? Indicators are quantitative/qualitative statements or measured/observed parameters that can be used to describe existing situations and measure changes or trends over time. Their three main functions are simplification, quantification and communication. Indicators generally simplify in order to quantify complex phenomena so that communication of information to policy-makers and other interested parties, including the general public, is enabled or enhanced. They are powerful tools in the feedback loop to an action plan, as an early warning signal about an emerging issue, or in providing a concise message for engagement, education and awareness. Characteristics of good indicators From a scientific perspective, effective indicators should have the following characteristics: 1. Readily measurable, on the time-scales needed to support management, using existing instruments, monitoring programmes and available analytical tools. They should have a well-established confidence limit, and their signal should be distinguishable from background noise; 2. Cost effective: Indicators should be cost-effective since monitoring resources are usually limited; 3. Concrete: Indicators that are directly observable and measurable (rather than those reflecting abstract properties) are desirable because they are more readily interpretable and accepted by diverse stakeholder groups; 4. Interpretable: Indicators should reflect properties of concern to stakeholders; their meaning should be understood by as wide a range of stakeholders as possible; 5. Grounded on scientific theory: Indicators should be based on well-accepted scientific theory, rather than on inadequately defined or poorly validated theoretical links; 6. Sensitive: Indicators should be sensitive to changes in the properties being monitored (e.g., able to detect trends in the properties or impacts); IOC Manuals and Guides 46 A handbook for measuring the progress and outcomes of integrated coastal and ocean management 7. Responsive: Indicators should be able to measure the effects of management actions so as to provide rapid and reliable feedback on the consequences of management actions; 8. Specific: Indicators should respond to the properties they are intended to measure rather than to other factors, i.e., it should be possible to distinguish the effects of other factors from the observed responses. From a management perspective, indicators should be: 1. Relevant to management objectives; 2. Clearly linked to the outcome being monitored; 3. Developed with all those involved in management; and 4. Part of the management process and not an end in themselves. The role of indicators in monitoring and evaluation Evaluations are systematic and independent assessments of ongoing or completed projects or programmes, their design, implementation and results, which aim to determine whether the actions taken have produced the desired results. Ideally, evaluation should be a continuous process through which measures of performance are defined and systematically compared with programme goals and objectives. It may also be undertaken periodically during the lifetime of a programme. In practice, evaluations are used by managers to improve their own performance (adaptive management), as well as for reporting (accountability) or as lessons learned to improve future planning. Monitoring is the continuous or periodic process of collecting and analysing data to measure the performance of a programme, project, or activity. As an integral and continuing part of project/programme management, it provides managers and stakeholders with regular feedback on implementation and progress towards the attainment of environmental objectives. Monitoring enables management to take appropriate corrective action to achieve desired results. Effective monitoring requires baseline data, as well as indicators of performance and related measurements, regular reporting, and a feedback mechanism for management decision-making. Information on which evaluations are based could come from many sources, but monitoring (observation) has a particularly important contribution in providing the basic data that should underpin the evaluation. In this regard, indi- 11
Page 2 and 3: A handbook for measuring the progre
Page 4 and 5: Table of contents IOC Manuals and G
Page 6 and 7: Acknowledgements This handbook is t
Page 8 and 9: IOC Manuals and Guides 46 Introduct
Page 10 and 11: 2 1.Introduction 1.1 Purpose, ratio
Page 12 and 13: 4 1.Introduction • The 2003 speci
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 Introduction The major goal of
Page 16 and 17: 2.Use of indicators in Integrated C
Page 24 and 25: 16 Use of indicators in Integrated
Page 26 and 27: 18 3. Governance performance indica
Page 28 and 29: 20 3.Governance performance indicat
Page 36 and 37: IOC Manuals and Guides 46 Ecologica
Page 38 and 39: 1. The biological organization (or
Page 40 and 41: historical data, if available, and
Page 42 and 43: cies at the top of the food web (e.
Page 44 and 45: Figure 4-2 Matrix of relevance of I
Page 46 and 47: Socioeconomic indicators 39
Page 48 and 49: Human activities have both direct a
Page 50 and 51: In some instances, population growt
Page 52 and 53: • Weather and disaster: a measure
Page 54 and 55: This approach for the selection of
Page 56 and 57: Figure 5-1 Matrix of relevance of I
Page 58 and 59: Table 5-1 Goal, objectives and soci
Page 60 and 61: 54 6.1 Introduction 6.Applying the
Page 62 and 63: 56 6.Applying the indicators by num
Page 64 and 65: 58 6.Applying the indicators Box 6-
Page 66 and 67: 60 tant to define the project logic
Page 68 and 69:
62 6.Applying the indicators ample
Page 70 and 71:
64 6.Applying the indicators Table
Page 72 and 73:
66 6.Applying the indicators Worksh
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
70 STEP 6.Applying the indicators W
Page 78 and 79:
72 Example A-1 (continued) 6.Applyi
Page 80 and 81:
74 Phase Planning and management ar
Page 82 and 83:
76 6.Applying the indicators Exampl
Page 84 and 85:
78 6.Applying the indicators Code I
Page 86 and 87:
80 6.Applying the indicators Code I
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
84 6.Applying Checklist A Selecting
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
88 6.Applying Checklist B Planning
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
92 Checklist C Conducting the test
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
96 Step Action Completed D.1 a. For
Page 104 and 105:
98 1. Introduction Summary, The pre
Page 106 and 107:
100 7.Summary, lessons learned and
Page 108 and 109:
102 7.Summary, Box 7-1 Some compone
Page 110 and 111:
104 7.Summary, Case study Ecologica
Page 112 and 113:
106 References 7.Summary, lessons l
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
110 Glossary Accountability Obligat
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
114 Annex I G1 Coordinating mechani
Page 122 and 123:
116 Annex I G1 Coordinating mechani
Page 124 and 125:
118 G2 Legislation Methodological d
Page 126 and 127:
120 Annex I G3 Environmental assess
Page 128 and 129:
122 Annex I G3 Environmental assess
Page 130 and 131:
124 Annex I G4 Conflict resolution
Page 132 and 133:
126 Annex I G5 Integrated managemen
Page 134 and 135:
128 Annex I G5 Integrated managemen
Page 136 and 137:
130 Annex I G6 Active management Me
Page 138 and 139:
132 Annex I G7 Monitoring and evalu
Page 140 and 141:
134 Annex I G7 Monitoring and evalu
Page 142 and 143:
136 Annex I Detailed description of
Page 144 and 145:
138 Annex I G9 Inputs from scientif
Page 146 and 147:
140 Annex I G9 Inputs from scientif
Page 148 and 149:
142 Annex I G10 Stakeholder partici
Page 150 and 151:
144 Annex I G11 NGO and CBO activit
Page 152 and 153:
146 Annex I G11 NGO and CBO activit
Page 154 and 155:
148 Annex I G12 Education and train
Page 156 and 157:
150 G13 Technology Nature of indica
Page 158 and 159:
152 G13 Technology Assessment of da
Page 160 and 161:
154 Annex I G14 Economic Instrument
Page 162 and 163:
156 Annex I Detailed description of
Page 164 and 165:
158 G15 Sustainable development str
Page 166 and 167:
DRIVERS Uses of the Marine Environm
Page 168 and 169:
DRIVERS Uses of the Marine Environm
Page 170 and 171:
164 Annex III E1 Biological diversi
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
170 Annex III E2 Distribution of sp
Page 178 and 179:
172 E3 Abundance Assessment of data
Page 180 and 181:
174 Annex III Detailed description
Page 182 and 183:
176 Annex III Detailed description
Page 184 and 185:
178 Annex III E5 Trophic interactio
Page 186 and 187:
180 E6 Mortality Assessment of data
Page 188 and 189:
182 Annex III E7 Species health Nat
Page 190 and 191:
184 Annex III E7 Species health Ass
Page 192 and 193:
186 Annex III E8 Water quality Natu
Page 194 and 195:
188 Annex III E8 Water quality Meth
Page 196 and 197:
190 E8 Water quality Assessment of
Page 198 and 199:
192 Annex III E9 Habitat quality Na
Page 200 and 201:
194 Annex III E9 Habitat quality As
Page 202 and 203:
196 Annex IV SE 1 Total economic va
Page 204 and 205:
198 Annex IV SE 2 Direct investment
Page 206 and 207:
200 Annex IV SE 3 Total employment
Page 208 and 209:
202 Annex IV SE 4 Sectorial diversi
Page 210 and 211:
204 Annex IV Detailed description o
Page 212 and 213:
206 Annex IV SE 7 Disease and illne
Page 214 and 215:
208 Annex IV SE 9 Population dynami
Page 216 and 217:
210 SE 11 Public access Nature of i
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
IOC Manuals and Guides No. Title 1
show all

5 - unesdoc - Unesco

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?