The Economic Consequences of Opioid Addiction in America

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"It is showing up in the cost of health care," he said. "A lot of people who are not the traditional alcoholic are now using very addictive drugs with no intention of becoming addicted." He sees white-collar workers with chronic pain get hooked on painkillers and then, when that gets too expensive, progress to heroin, which is cheaper and more accessible. Poznanovich recalls a call from a senior vice president of human resources at a large company, who said the health care costs for emergency visits related to opioids had spiked and employees were complaining that their benefits didn't cover the type of treatment they or their dependents need. To address the issue, Poznanovich said, employers need to work with employee assistant programs to develop policies. Those could include conducting pre- and postemployment testing for prescription drugs, teaching managers to spot addiction and developing a strategy to intervene. They also include having insurance plans that cover treatment, a system for supporting employees returning to work post-treatment and an assessment of whether its company culture encourages substance abuse. Though many companies have taken steps to provide healthy workplaces, especially for smoking and weight loss, they are behind on substance abuse resources, Poznanovich said. "They are often not included in the plan because of the belief it doesn't happen here," he said. Page 40 of 159
III. Healthcare Consequences Introduction to the Opioid Epidemic: The Economic Burden on the Healthcare System and Impact on Quality of Life Nicholas E. Hagemeier, PharmD, PhD Published on: May 11, 2018 Opioid analgesics are commonly used to treat acute and chronic pain; in 2016 alone, more than 60 million patients had at least 1 prescription for opioid analgesics filled or refilled. Despite the ubiquitous use of these agents, the effectiveness of long-term use of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain management is questionable, yet links among long-term use, addiction, and overdose deaths are well established. Because of overprescribing and misuse, an opioid epidemic has developed in the United States. The health and economic burdens of opioid abuse on individuals, their families, and society are substantial. Part 1 of this supplement will provide a background on the burden of pain and the impact of opioid abuse on individuals, their families, and society; the attempts to remedy this burden through prescription opioid use; and the eventual downward spiral into the current opioid epidemic, including an overview of opioid analgesics and opioid use disorder and the rise in opioid-related deaths. Understanding Pain Pain affects more Americans than diabetes, heart disease, and cancer combined. There are several approaches to classifying pain, including by duration, which is the most common (eg, acute, subacute, or chronic); by type (eg, nociceptive, neuropathic, inflammatory); and by intensity (eg, mild, moderate, or severe). Data from 2012 estimated that 126.1 million adults in the United States suffer from pain. This pain originates from a variety of conditions, diseases, and events. For example, 80% of patients undergoing surgery will experience postoperative pain, with fewer than half reporting adequate pain relief. Sixty percent of women experiencing their first childbirth rate their pain as severe, with up to 18% reporting persistent pain 1 year after delivery. According to 2016 survey data from the National Center for Health Page 41 of 159
Page 2 and 3: Turning the Improbable Into the Exc
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Page 8 and 9: 6. 1 We disseminate Quarterly publi
Page 16 and 17: The White House says the true cost
Page 18 and 19: o Something that makes these number
Page 20 and 21: Data from the CDC analyzing opioid
Page 22 and 23: President Donald Trump has declared
Page 24 and 25: Criminal Justice The U.S. spent nea
Page 26 and 27: The study also found that reduced e
Page 28 and 29: NSC initiative. “And so today, we
Page 30 and 31: Employer ‘cost calculator’ help
Page 32 and 33: Some 4.3 million people say they’
Page 34 and 35: The Opioid Crisis Spills Into The W
Page 36 and 37: And there's no guarantee that new h
Page 38 and 39: The Substance Use Cost Calculator l
Page 42 and 43: Statistics, 15.3%, 14.9%, and 28.4%
Page 44 and 45: eceptors in the body to relieve pai
Page 46 and 47: 2017, the US Department of Health a
Page 48 and 49: found that 25% to 66% of deaths wer
Page 50 and 51: justice reform, and (6) overdose re
Page 52 and 53: Economic Burden of Opioid Epidemic
Page 56 and 57: Vicodin. Billy stated he liked it b
Page 58 and 59: States budget so much money for cor
Page 60 and 61: incarceration drug treatment progra
Page 62 and 63: supposed to lessen opiate cravings.
Page 64 and 65: ________ Heroin and Opioid Policy C
Page 66 and 67: We can stop the pipeline from presc
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Page 70 and 71: funding for and access to Medicatio
Page 72 and 73: Invest in local, state, and regiona
Page 74 and 75: Sharon Wegscheider (USA) has pointe
Page 76 and 77: In an airplane, if the oxygen masks
Page 78 and 79: Community or Informal Screenings an
Page 80 and 81: Devon reported, however, that the m
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Page 86 and 87: an opioid overdose. Drug overdose a
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4. Healthcare system resource utili
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USDA is approaching the opioid cris
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programs from competitive groups of
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Resources Policy & Additional Infor
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AFBF Annual Convention Panel Discus
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The imposition of a tax will certai
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Purdue spokesman Robert Josephson s
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In an interview with California Hea
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During that period, the reduction i
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Previously, three widely cited stud
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While there are many reasons the pr
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Applying Krueger’s research sugge
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2002 $49.6 $6.8 $11.5 $18.3 2003 $5
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As many of the costs are borne by s
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Why are whites experiencing a more
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IX. References 1. https://www.ameri
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Notes _____________________________
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The Underestimated Cost of the Opio
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mitigate. While there are a number
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and a maximum of $8.9 million (both
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group, fatality rates were much hig
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1) and non-fatality costs are $72.7
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References Aldy, J. and Viscusi, W.
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Viscusi, W., and C.J. Masterman. 20
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Combatting the Opioid Epidemic 2019
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Pain Medicine 2011; 12: 657-667 Wil
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Societal Costs of Prescription Opio
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Attachment D Healthcare Costs from
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TOP 10 STATES: TOTAL HEALTH CARE CO
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DISCUSSION The $25 billion estimate
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Advocacy Foundation Publishers Page
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 T
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. V 2019 O
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LI Nonprofit Confidentiality In The
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public Policy LXXVI
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Racial Profiling June 2019 Mass Col
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The e-Advocate Journal of Theologic
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 I
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The e-Advocate Juvenile Justice Rep
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2018 - The Theological Law Firm Aca
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www.TheAdvocacyFoundation.org Page
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