RIC-20235 Primary Grammar and Word Study Year 3 – Understanding and choosing words

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Plurals – 2 Plural means more than one. A word ending in a vowel followed by y can be made plural by adding s. 1. Write the plural of each of these words to complete the sentences. monkey valley holiday tray toy boy (a) We are spending our to do there. (b) The beach. (c) We saw plenty of (d) There are heaps of hills and (e) My younger brothers take lots of car. (f) The waiters in the restaurant use in the south-west. There is so much are going to spend time fishing while the girls go to the at the zoo. When a word ends in a vowel followed by o—just add s. When a word ends in fe—change the f to v, then add s. 2. Use the clues to help you complete the crossword. Across 2. jumping marsupials 3. the partners of husbands 5. devices used to listen to music 6. the plural of life 2. to explore while on holiday. to play with while in the to carry our meals. ©R.I.C. Publications Low Resolution Images Display Copy 3. 4. 1. Down 1. places where people go to view animals in enclosures 2. cutting tools 4. filmed memories 5. 6. R.I.C. Publications ® www.ricpublications.com.au 45 Primary grammar and word study
Understanding and choosing words Prefixes Focus Prefixes: un, re and tri Definition • A prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and form a new word. Example: Michael was unhappy about having to rewrite his homework. Explanation • A prefix is a word part that has a meaning of its own, and is often derived from Greek or Latin. Prefixes usually do not occur as independent words. The prefix is added to the front of a base word to change its meaning, without changing the spelling of that word. Sometimes a hyphen is placed between the prefix and the base (or root) word, such as: – when prefixes come before proper nouns Example: un-Australian, anti-American – when prefixes ending in a or i are added to a word that begins with the same letter Example: ultra-ambitious – when the prefix is ex or self, except for selfish and selfless. Example: ex-husband, self-centred • Ensure students learn to be aware of letter clusters that look like prefixes, but aren’t. Example: un in uncle, in in invented Students can practise identifying these ‘trick’ prefixes by looking at the base or root word that is left. The prefixes that cause the most difficulty are re, in, and dis. • Learning the meanings of prefixes can help students decipher, spell and understand words, especially larger words, and increase their vocabulary. Understanding that the spelling of neither the prefix nor the base word change can help students to spell commonly misspelled words such as unnecessary, misspell and disappointment. • un is a negative prefix which often comes before adjectives; Example: unsafe, unable, unclean, unequal in participles used as adjectives; Example: unfeeling, unflinching, unfinished, unsaid or sometimes before nouns. Example: unbelief, unconcern • un has a number of meanings: – not Example: unhappy, unfaithful – opposite of Example: unrest – and to reverse or undo the result of an action. Example: unlock, unwrap • re is usually added to verbs and can mean back. Example: rewind – re is usually added to verbs and can also mean again. Example: regroup, resurface – or to do something in a new way. Example: reword • tri means three. Example: triceratops (three horns), triathlon Worksheet information • By completing the worksheet activity, students will discover for themselves the meaning of the prefixes un, tri and re. They will need scissors and access to a dictionary for this activity. • Students can work in small groups, ideally of three or four, and require only one worksheet per group, preferably photocopied onto white card. Students cut words, then play a concentration-style game, turning two cards over at a time to try and correctly match prefixes with words. Those they match should be written down and the meaning found in a dictionary or online. (Each student should have three or four words. If they have more or less, ask the group members to distribute the words evenly in the group.) As a group, the students then decide upon a definition for the prefix, write it on a separate sheet of paper and present to the class. • As a follow-up activity, give each student a card containing either a prefix or a root word. Students must find the person with a prefix or word to match theirs to make a word with a new meaning. After pairing up with that person, the students agree upon a sentence that demonstrates their knowledge of the word’s meaning. Ideas for further practice • has a number of interactive games involving matching prefixes to their meaning. • Students can use words with prefixes to make a crossword puzzle at . ©R.I.C. Publications Low Resolution Images Display Copy Answers un: unlikely, unhappy, unpick, untie re: refresh, retell, review, rewrite, tri: tricycle, tripod, triweekly, triangle Primary grammar and word study 46 www.ricpublications.com.au R.I.C. Publications ®
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RIC-20235 Primary Grammar and Word Study Year 3 – Understanding and choosing words

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