The Two European Hydrological Cycles:

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Nature, vol 437/27, October 2005 Inventing an Icon: Hans Joachim Schellnhuber’s map of global “tipping points” in climate change
British Isles & NW Europe experience floods in summer & dry cold winters Summer drought followed by winter floods in Southwestern Europe & Northern Africa (+ ?) Perturbation to the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) Perturbations (?) to extra-tropical depressions & hurricanes, in the Western Atlantic South- Eastern USA Increased salty outflow to Atlantic � LAND-USE & SURFACE CHANGES Mud floods Augmented soil erosion Torrential rains over areas surrounding the Mediterranean increase in autumnwinter-spring Condensation nuclei transported across Atlantic to Caribbean Alter the MOISTURE�, HEAT�, & pollutants� added to seabreezes Loss of summer storms. Drought increases over coastal mountains and other inland areas Changes the evaporation─precipitation balance in the western basin. Salinity increases in the Mediterranean Sea Heterogeneous reactions in shallow clouds: sulphatation and nitrification of Saharan dust Combined greenhouse heating additionally increases the Sea Surface Temperature by the end of summer African routes: central and/or Southern Atlas (with vertical recirculations) * EVAPORATION FROM SEA + Pollution Effects (e.g., nucleation) Cloud Condensation Level rises above coastal mountains Non-precipitated H 2O vapour & pollutants (O 3) follow the return flows aloft, and pile up in a system of layers, 4.5 to 5.5 km deep, over the sea Aged airmass advected to other regions, in part (daily), or in toto (every � 3 to 10 days) � <strong>European</strong> route-Vb tracks Summer floods in Central Europe: 1997, 2002, 2005, ...
Page 1: The Two European Hydrological Cycle
Page 6: � 21g(H 2 O)/kg(air) 2000 m �
Page 10 and 11: DAY 10:30 & NIGHT 22:30
Page 16 and 17: 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 01-Ene-00 3
Page 28 and 29: UP TO 90% OF PRECIPITATION IS OF AT
Page 32 and 33: The Two European Hydrological Cycle
Page 34: closing of the first loop). A "seco

The Two European Hydrological Cycles:

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?