Gateway Chronicle 2021

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The <strong>Gateway</strong> <strong>Chronicle</strong> 22
Hidden Voices The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre In July 2016, my uncle was getting married in India and my family was invited to attend. We took an international flight to Delhi and then flew on a domestic flight to Amritsar, Punjab. The next day, we went to visit the holy temple of Sikhs: The Golden Temple. Devotees from different corners of the globe seek blessings and spiritual solace here. After taking our blessings we walked to the famous local park, Jallianwala Bagh. My mum explained to me the history of the park. India was once under British rule, and in early April 1919 there was rioting in Punjab. British and Indian troops under the command of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer were sent to restore order and Dyer banned all public meetings which, he announced, would be dispersed by force if necessary. On April 13 th , 1919, the Sikh new year (Baisakhi) was being celebrated. That day, there were over 5000 people gathered in the park with their friends and family to celebrate. The Punjab lieutenant governor called Michael O’Dwyer is said to have believed that this was part of a conspiracy to rebel against the British. Troops under the command of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer marched into the walled enclosure of the park, locked the gates and without any warning opened fire on the panicked crowd in the park for about 15 minutes. According to official figures, 379 were killed and 1200 were wounded, although other estimates suggest higher casualties. Many people didn’t want to be killed by the gunfire of the British army so instead they killed themselves by jumping into a deep well called the “Martyrs’ Well.” Dyer told his men to cease fire and then left the dead and the wounded where they lay. for more about this tragedy. The news of the massacre spread like wildfire and provoked strong disapproval. In the House of Commons, Winston Churchill condemned ‘An extraordinary event, a monstrous event, an event which stands in sinister and singular isolation’. Dyer tried to defend himself but the conclusion of the investigation was damning; he was severely castigated and forced to retire from the Indian army. Michael O’Dwyer was assassinated in London by a Sikh Revolutionary Udham Singh, who had been wounded at Jallianwala Bagh. The last known survivor of the massacre was Shingara Singh – he died in Amritsar on June 29th, 2009, at the age of 113. Today, Jallianwala Bagh is a remembrance park for tourists and locals to pay their respects to the dead. It is also a quiet garden in the middle of a noisy and chaotic city, for the locals to have some peace and solitude. I will never forget this extraordinary place and cruel piece of history for the rest of my life. As I write this, Britain has just observed Remembrance Day on 11th November, commemorating the loss of lives during the World Wars. It is important to know that aside from being a colony of the British Empire, over one million Indian troops served overseas, of whom 62,000 died and another 67,000 were wounded during World War One. India has played an important part in shaping the Britain we know and the freedoms that we enjoy today. This makes the loss of life at Jallianwala Bagh even more senseless and saddening. Arjun Das 1.1 I felt furious and also shocked to hear of such an event. I couldn’t believe that so many people had been trapped in a park and killed mercilessly. Everywhere I looked there were hundreds of bullet marks on the walls. We walked over to the Martyrs’ Well, which had been boarded up for safety. I imagined women carrying children and running into the well to save themselves from the bullets. The bodies would have piled up on top of each other, limbs upon limbs. On my return to the hotel I searched the internet 23 Outside the memorial park in the present day
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