1956 +The Crimson White: Legacy Edition, October 2021

THURSDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2021 

VOLUME CXXVIII | ISSUE IV 

1956 / Tonya Williams 

LEGACY 

EDITION 

Creating a legacy 

MADISON DAVIS 

NINETEEN FIFTY-SIX 

There are different interpretations 

of the word “legacy.” For the purpose 

of this story, legacy refers to the 

children of alumni who attend the 

same university. If your parents 

attended The University of Alabama, 

what legacy did they leave behind 

for you? 

Many alumni are still devoted 

fans of UA programs, sports, campus 

scenery and so much more. As a 

result, alumni are often ecstatic to hear 

that their child wants to carry on the 

tradition and attend their alma mater. 

In fact, the University encourages 

the spirit of legacy. Competitve 

scholarships are offered to secondgeneration 

students and athletes. 

Black Americans were not allowed 

to attend many predominantly 

white universities and schools until 

the Supreme Court case Brown v. 

Board of Education, which ruled 

that segregation in schools was 

unconstitutional. Even though schools 

were ruled to integrate in 1954, The 

University of Alabama did not fully 

integrate until 1963. 

The opportunity for Black students 

to finally attend the University paved 

the way for Black parents that have 

stories to share. 

Pamela Davis is an alumna of the 

University. Davis graduated in 1996 

with a bachelor's degree in electrical 

engineering. Her daughter is currently 

a sophomore majoring in accounting. 

During her time at the University, 

Davis was a resident assistant for two 

years. Davis was a member of the 

National Society of Black Engineers 

and a member of the Divine Nine. 

She was also in a co-op program and 

worked off campus as a cashier. 

Davis originally wanted to attend 

a historically Black university. Davis 

ultimately decided to attend The 

University of Alabama because it was 

in state and within her budget. 

When it came to her daughter’s 

college decision, Davis wanted her to 

go somewhere with a great campus life 

so that she could thrive. 

The pursuit of higher education 

was instilled into her family by Davis’ 

grandmother, who emphasized the 

importance of education. 

“I am grateful for the legacy 

that began with me attending The 

University of Alabama, then my 

sister Shandrea Sellers, and now my 

daughter,” said Davis. “The University 

of Alabama is an institution where you 

can receive an exceptional education, 

have access to wonderful resources 

and have a great social life.” 

As a family, they are truly excited 

about the years of education received 

at The University of Alabama, but 

even more excited about the Alabama 

football memories they can share. Prior 

to the pandemic, the Davis’ house was 

a hub for Alabama football fans. 

This past year, they have added 

another momentous occasion to 

their legacy. Davis and Sellers both 

were able to experience National 

Championship wins. 

This continued for Davis’ daughter, 

who watched the Crimson Tide win a 

National Championship last season. 

“I am very hopeful that the Tide 

will continue to roll for generations to 

come in my family,” said Davis. “Roll 

Tide, roll!” 

Joseph Bryant was the first Black editor of The Crimson White from 2000 to 2001. 

Courtesy of Joseph Bryant 

His stepson Copeland Johnson is a sophomore at UA. 

1956 / Tyler Hogan 

CONTENTS 

5A 

Learn 

NEWS 

about 

the history of 

underrepresentation 

in homecoming 

1B 

NEWS 

Meet the namesake 

behind the 

newly renamed 

Wade Hall 

SPRING Registration 

BEGINS NOV. 5 

Learn more at sheltonstate.edu/register 

It is the policy of the Alabama Community College System Board of Trustees and Shelton State Community College, a postsecondary institution under its control, that no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, 

religion, marital status, disability, gender, age, or any other protected class as defined by federal and state law, be excluded from participation, denied benefits, or subjected to discrimination under any program, activity, or employment. 

4B 

SPORTS 

The story of the Black 

athletes who paved 

the way for 

future stars

2A 


editor-in-chief Tionna Taite 

managing editor 

engagement editor 

photography editor 

visuals editor 

features & experiences 

editor 

assistant engagement 

editor 

assistant photography 

editor 

THE CRIMSON WHITE 

editor-in-chief 

managing editor 

engagement editor 

chief copy editor 

opinions editor 

news editor 

assistant news editor 

culture editor 

assistant culture editor 

sports editor 

assistant sports editor 

chief page editor 

chief graphics editor 

photo editor 

assistant photo editor 

multimedia editor 

Nickell Grant 

Madison Davis 

Tyler Hogan 

Ashton Jah 

Ashlee Woods 

Jolencia Jones 

Madison Carmouche 

Keely Brewer 

editor@cw.ua.edu 

Bhavana Ravala 

managingeditor@cw.ua.edu 

Garrett Kennedy 

engagement@cw.ua.edu 

Jack Maurer 

Ava Fisher 

letters@cw.ua.edu 

Zach Johnson 

newsdesk@cw.ua.edu 

Isabel Hope 

Jeffrey Kelly 

culture@cw.ua.edu 

Annabelle Blomeley 

Ashlee Woods 

sports@cw.ua.edu 

Robert Cortez 

Pearl Langley 

Victoria Buckley 

Lexi Hall 

David Gray 

Alex Miller 

ADVERTISING STAFF 

creative services Alyssa Sons 

The Crimson Wh is the community newspaper of 

The University of Alabama. The Crimson White is an 

editorially free newspaper produced by students. 

The University of Alabama cannot influence editorial 

decisions and editorial opinions are those of the 

editorial board and do not represent the official 

opinions of the University. Advertising offices of The 

Crimson White are in room 1014, Student Media 

Building, 414 Campus Drive East. The advertising 

mailing address is P.O. Box 870170, Tuscaloosa, AL 

35487. 

The Crimson White, Copyright © 2021 

by The Crimson White. The Crimson White is printed 

monthly, August through April by The University of 

Alabama, Student Media, Box 870170, Tuscaloosa, AL 

35487, Call 205-348-7257 

All material contained herein, except advertising or 

where indicated otherwise, is Copyright © 2021 by 

The Crimson White and protected under the “Work 

Made for Hire” and “Periodical Publication” categories 

of the U.S. copyright laws. Material herein may not be 

reprinted without the expressed, written permission 

of The Crimson White. 

Nov. 18 - Rumor Edition 

Feb. 3 - Justice Edition 

March 3 - Health Edition 

April 21 - Environmental 

Edition 

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LEGACY 

October 21, 2021 

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OCTOBER EVENTS 

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UA Student Center 

2408 10AM 

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along on social media. 

Keep an eye out for their print 

edition in the spring. 

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9AM - 4:30PM 

CW / Wesley Picard

LEGACY 


3A 

CW File 

1956 / Lyric Wisdom 

LETTERS FROM THE EDITORS 

KEELY BREWER 

The Crimson White and Nineteen 

Fifty-Six Magazine are the oldest and 

newest student publications on The 

University of Alabama campus. The CW 

has a 127-year-long history. Nineteen 

Fifty-Six is in its second year. Our 

histories differ, but the current staffs of 

both publications share the same goals: 

to leave a legacy of diversity and antiracism 

while advocating for all students. 

Under the guidance of some past 

editors, The CW has aligned itself with 

these values, but these values must be 

synonymous with our organization. 

Last year’s collaboration with Nineteen 

Fifty-Six was a step toward that goal, 

and this year’s edition is a continuation 

of what we hope will be a long-lasting 

and strong relationship with our 

sister publication. 

Since last year’s collaboration, 

The CW has published its first staff 

demographics report, which is publicly 

available on our website. We’ve hired 

our first race and identity reporters on 

the culture and news desks — which 

are funded through MASTHEAD, an 

alumni group supporting diversity 

in UA Student Media — and we’ve 

introduced systems to track the diversity 

of our sources. These are intended to be 

permanent fixtures at our organization. 

Nineteen Fifty-Six was founded 

with these principles in mind, and has 

already built a legacy on campus. This 

collaboration between our publications 

was created to recognize our own 

legacies and consider our trajectories. 

With consistency and intentionality, 

both publications can create a legacy 

worth being proud of. 

TIONNA TAITE 

The merging of these two publications 

signifies the progress that the University 

has made. 

This collaboration leaves behind a 

legacy for years to come. The notable 

Maya Angelou once said, “If you’re 

going to live, leave a legacy. Make a mark 

on the world that can’t be erased.” Maya 

Angelou left behind a legacy through her 

activism, poems and so much more. She 

is a prominent example of the impact 

both written and spoken words can have 

on society. 

This special edition dives into the 

numerous ways that alumni, students 

and public figures have created legacies 

at the University. As you read this special 

edition, you will see that there are many 

ways to leave behind a legacy. 

One way that I strive to do so is 

by creating a platform for students, 

particularly minority students, to have 

their voices heard. Another way that I 

strive to leave a legacy is by sharing the 

stories of those who may not have had 

the opportunity to do so themselves. 

Why is creating a legacy so important? 

Leaving behind a legacy allows those 

who come after you to have guidance 

and more opportunities. Some of you 

have already begun creating a legacy 

and just have not realized it. Some of 

you are the products of the legacy that 

your ancestors created. Truly, we all have 

a legacy to create and share. 

I am pleased to present this 

collaboration between Nineteen Fifty- 

Six and The Crimson White. I am certain 

that this special edition will educate and 

inspire you to leave behind a legacy of 

your own. 

JEFFREY KELLY 


“Legacy” 

By Jay-Z 

“Legacy” shares Jay-Z’s thoughts on 

what legacy he will leave his children. 

The lyrics are over an upbeat production, 

but they detail the various members of 

the Carter family and how they carried 

the name. 

“BLACK EFFECT” 

By The Carters 

Starting with advice from an older 

and wise woman, Beyoncé and Jay-Z lay 

out various aspects of Black history, such 

as the Chitlin Circuit and cornrows, to 

paint a picture of where Black people 

and our culture stand now. As our 

culture develops and shifts, it will always 

rely on aspects of our history. 

“Chaining Day” 

By J. Cole 

J. Cole explores the culture of people 

equating success to materialistic items 

such as expensive chains. He continues 

by explaining how such chains hinder 

individuals and prohibit them from 

leaving behind a true legacy that holds 

value. 

“If I Ruled the World” 

By Nas and Lauryn Hill 

Nas and Lauryn Hill dive into what 

they would do “if they ruled the world.” 

This song touches on the type of legacy 

The best songs to start your semester 

both Nas and Lauryn Hill would like to 

leave behind if they had all of the power 

to do so in the world. One topic the song 

touches on heavily is freeing people 

from the constraints of the world and 

revealing the power within the African 

diaspora. 

“What a Wonderful World” 

By Louis Armstrong 

As Louis Armstrong quaintly reflects 

on the aspects of this world and what 

makes it wonderful, he settles on the 

idea that it is people and the legacies 

they leave behind that allow the world to 

simply be “wonderful.” 

“BIGGER” 

By Beyoncé 

Beyoncé’s call to see that our purpose 

is bigger than our individual experience 

is woven into the lyrics of “BIGGER.” 

This song is one to pick you up off the 

ground and help you “step in your 

essence” and rise to meet your truest 

potential so that you may pass on what 

you have learned in this life. 

“I Am Blessed” 

By Nina Simone 

With “I Am Blessed,” a track from 

her third album, “Broadway-Blues- 

Ballads,” Nina Simone is in perfect 

form. Her dramatic silky vocals over the 

jazzy production have a cinematic “end 

credit” quality to them that feels serene. 

As she sings about “a love worth more 

than gold” her voice mimics the intense 

feelings of yearning and peace the lyrics 

discuss. 

“Good Golly, Miss Molly” 

By Little Richard 

Little Richard’s legacy in laying 

the foundations of rock ‘n’ roll is 

indisputable. With the simple swing 

beat and melodic piano work with a toetapping 

string bass to match, every aspect 

of modern rock music is foreshadowed 

in this track. Little Richard was just one 

of many Black artists who triumphed in 

the face of adversity and racism to create 

one of the most world-renowned and 

celebrated music genres of all time. 

“Turning Wheel” 

By Spellling 

“Turning Wheel” by Spellling, the 

Oakland artist otherwise known as 

Chrystia Cabrial, is the titular track 

of her third studio album. Its upbeat 

yet languid production makes for an 

ethereal track that resembles the work of 

'80s pop artist, Kate Bush. 

“Bad Blood” 

By Nao 

On Apple Music, English singer Nao 

describes her work as “wonky funk,” and 

with the track “Bad Blood” from her 

debut studio album, “For All We Know,” 

that definition seems to hold true. With 

the track, Nao’s angelic vocals skillfully 

dance between vocal registers as the 

bouncy funk production offers surprise 

after surprise until the track ends. 

“The Love I Need” 

By Girlhood 

In 2017, the London duo Girlhood 

was credited with making “some of 

London’s best new music” by Complex, 

and with their track “The Love I Need” 

from their 2020 album “Girlhood,” they 

continue to uphold that mantle. 

“Just the Two of Us” 

By Will Smith 

Will Smith dedicates this song to 

his first son Trey. It has a sample from 

a Bill Whithers song, also named, “Just 

the Two of Us” which is about a couple, 

but Smith’s rendition is about the love 

between father and son. 

“Mama” 

By Ray BLK 

From her debut album, “Empress,” 

BLK's single “Mama” is a smooth 

R&B track that interpolates 2Pac’s 

“Dear Mama." BLK’s poetic lyrics 

seem to perfectly match the midtempo 

production and the sentiment of love 

BLK seems to express in the song.

4A 

While many believe that colonization 

is something that happened centuries ago, 

the effects of colonization still run deep — 

and it’s apparent on college campuses. 

With almost no places left untouched, 

colonization has centered itself in 

academia, where it devalues people of 

color, ignores the history of colonialism 

and centers whiteness in everything that 

it does. Though it may be sparse, several 

departments and programs around The 

University of Alabama are working to 

decolonize their classrooms, mindsets and 

entire departments. 

Holly Horan, an assistant professor 

of anthropology and the chair of 

the Department of Anthropology’s 

Decolonization Committee, said she 

learned about the effects of marginalization 

on health and well-being early while being 

raised in a household with one white and 

one Puerto Rican parent. 

For her dissertation and her fieldwork 

in Puerto Rico, she studied the effect of 

perinatal stress on the timing of birth. 

“It was my lived experience of 

understanding what it’s like to be in a 

family with people of color and how 

they’re treated differently that has shaped 

my perspectives in this work,” Horan 

said. “From conversations that I had 

with my own mother about the history 

of the island, it was very clear to me 

the impact of colonization transcends 

geopolitical borders, generations and 

lived experiences.” 

During her research in Puerto Rico, 

Horan was deeply embedded in the 

country’s health care and perinatal 

care systems, which showcased to her 

the “explicit and insidious effects of 

colonization.” It was clear to her that “we 

do not live in a post-colonial world.” 

In the summer of 2020, during 

the pandemic and after the death of 

George Floyd, Horan and some of her 

anthropology colleagues at the University 

formed the Decolonization Committee 

to foster a department-level culture that 

emphasized the personal and collective 

responsibilities to fight oppression. 

“Decolonization is, at 

LEGACY 


‘We do not live in a post-colonial world’: 

UA professors talk decolonization in academia 

ANNABELLE BLOMELEY & ETHAN HENRY 


minimum, a twofold process. The first is 

intention, and the second is action,” Horan 

said. “The intention of decolonization is 

to approach our work as anthropologists, 

being moral, being ethical and with a sense 

of justice, especially given the history of 

our discipline. The second piece of that is 

action. Decolonization is actively resisting 

oppressive systems in research, teaching 

and service. Decolonization is decentering 

standards and expectations that reinforce 

oppressive hierarchies.” 

On Friday, Nov. 5, the Decolonization 

Committee will hold a panel made up 

of students and professors to talk about 

decolonization, particularly for people 

who are unfamiliar with the topic. 

“Decolonization is also turning the 

lens inward and saying, ‘How do I, in my 

everyday interactions, attempt to decenter 

colonial ideologies and all that they 

represent?’” Horan said. 

Students are encouraged and welcome 

to support the decolonization process, but 

Horan said it’s important for professors, 

rather than students of color, to spearhead 

the department’s decolonization work. 

“Dismantling white supremacy, which 

is part of decolonization, should not 

have to be the work of people of color,” 

Horan said. 

Anthropology is one of the few 

departments on campus recognizing 

decolonization work, but professors in 

other departments are reexamining their 

colonial ties. 

Cindy Tekobbe, an Indigenous assistant 

professor in the Department of English, 

said decolonial theory takes a critical look 

at all western institutions built upon ceded 

land, including universities. 

They aim to take the focus away 

from the Eurocentrism that dominates 

Western academia. Tekobbe said there 

will need to be people who understand 

the model of Eurocentric knowledge 

and what it does to people. 

The values of these systems 

have created barriers 

that Tekobbe herself has been forced 

to confront. 

“My personal experience is that my 

value system is quite different from my 

colleagues’, and when we talk, we often 

miscommunicate because we’re not 

coming from the same place of knowing,” 

Tekobbe said. “For example, one of the 

things that’s really important is singleauthor 

scholarship. You’ve got to do the 

research yourself, and write it yourself, and 

produce it yourself, and put your name 

on it, but no one makes knowledge in 

a vacuum." 

Tekobbe, along with some of her 

colleagues, has attempted to create 

an Indigenous student organization. 

Indigenous students account for less than 

0.5% of the student population, and it is 

difficult to locate them because of the way 

they are registered. 

One of Tekkobbe’s colleagues, Heather 

Kopelson, an associate professor of history, 

also teaches classes that are informed by 

decolonial theory. 

Beyond the formation of an Indigenous 

student organization, Kopelson would 

like to see a Native studies or Indigenous 

studies minor added to the University’s 

course catalog. 

“I’ve been part of a group of faculty 

who have been talking about [adding 

an Indigenous studies minor], but it’s 

really hard to get a new program like that 

approved, especially because the question 

is always, ‘Well, can you show student 

interest?’” Kopelson said. “But I think one 

of the issues with indigenous studies in 

particular is that a lot of people have never 

even thought about it.” 

Kopelson said there have been small 

improvements in the Department 

of History in recent years. Other 

professors have incorporated Indigenous 

perspectives in their classrooms, and 

students have shown a renewed interest in 

Indigenous studies. 

Kopelson said she and 

Mairin Odle, an 

assistant professor in American studies 

who teaches Native American history, 

have full enrollment in their classes. 

Currently, Odle’s Native American 

studies course has 34 students, while 

Kopelson’s Native American history 

course has 38. Five years ago, the number 

of students in these classes barely reached 

double digits. 

Kopelson acknowledged the barriers 

that marginalized groups face when 

entering academic fields, but she wants 

students to know that they can ask for help. 

While decolonization seeks to eliminate 

these barriers, she said it’s important that 

students feel comfortable approaching 

faculty members for assistance. 

“In the history department, and in 

many others, the majority of faculty want 

students to ask for help and don’t see it 

as a weakness. And I think that’s a huge 

barrier in that the experiences of many 

marginalized groups have taught people 

that if they ask for help, that’s weakness,” 

Kopelson said. 

When colonial problems extend 

through the course material, it can be 

difficult for students to find help. This was 

the case for student Katherine Johnston, 

a junior majoring in kinesiology who 

identifies as Native American. 

“It’s hard to go into a class and hear 

somebody lecture to you about your own 

people’s history and for it to be completely 

inaccurate,” Johnston said. “As a Native 

student, I have had to take some history 

classes where the lessons taught on Native 

people are both very inaccurate and 

continue to feed into the ‘savage Indian’ 

stereotype. It’s not just the teachers that 

feed that, but it’s the actual material that is 

being taught. It’s like we don’t matter. This 

is why the decolonization of education is 

so very important.” 

By recognizing the inherent effects of 

colonization and by 

decentering whiteness and 

colonial mindsets, students 

and faculty members 

alike can do their part to 

decolonize the Capstone. 

“There’s no way we can go back 

and fix the past. That is out of the 

question, but there’s always something 

that can be done to make the future 

better,” Horan said. 

Trailblazing footsteps 

1956 / Ashton Jah 

RACHEL PARKER 


College graduation is 

simultaneously the most joyous 

and nerve-wracking experience for 

college students. Joyous because after 

all the hard work and late nights, your 

academic achievements have finally 

led to this moment. Nerve-wracking 

because now you are faced with 

the reality of going out to embark 

on your career, utilizing all you’ve 

learned and putting it into action. 

Along with celebrating the 

graduates and their accomplishments, 

others such as family and friends feel 

they are a part of their success. Even 

more significance is attached when 

an embedded history of exclusion 

is now being changed through 

each graduate. 

Trailblazers such as 2007 graduate 

Sonequa Martin-Green, a native of 

Russellville, Alabama, have left a 

mark at The University of Alabama. 

Martin-Green received her degree 

in theater. She starred in a UA 

production of “Romeo and Juliet” 

as a gender-swapped Mercutio 

and was a part of the Alabama 

Forensics Council. 

Martin-Green has since collected 

acting credits in film and television. 

She had recurring roles on the second 

season of “Once Upon a Time” and 

as Sasha on the third season of “The 

Walking Dead.” 

These roles were a stepping stone 

to her biggest role to date as the 

lead actor in “Star Trek: Discovery” 

as First Officer Michael Burnham. 

Martin-Green made history as the 

first Black woman to lead the “Star 

Trek” series. Martin-Green was 

awarded for her performance with a 

Saturn Award in 2018. 

All of Martin-Green’s experiences 

at the University helped sharpen 

her skills. She credits her professors 

with supporting her and believing 

in her goals. In fact, she said her 

professors’ belief in her changed her 

in a prominent way. 

“I will always have a connection 

to UA. It’s where I come from; it’s 

where the seeds were sown,” Martin- 

Green said. “I brag about it all the 

time. I love it when people ask me 

where I’m from, and I love it when 

they ask if I went to school, and I 

go, ‘Oh yeah, yeah, I went to The 

University of Alabama, and I got 

my theater degree, and it was just an 

excellent education.’” 

The same can be said about 

Elliot Spillers. Spillers was a 

2016 graduate of The University 

of Alabama with a bachelor’s 

degree in commerce and business 

management. He was involved 

in various campus organizations 

such as First Year Experience, the 

Center for Sustainable Service 

and Volunteerism, the A-Book 

editorial board, and the Sustained 

Dialogue program. 

Along with this, Spillers was also a 

senate assistant and the assistant vice 

president of student affairs with the 

Student Government Association. 

Each of these previous positions 

prepared Spillers to become 

SGA President. 

Spillers’ presidency went beyond 

just his role on campus. Spillers was 

the second person of color to hold 

this position. Cleo Wade was the first 

and held the position in 1976. Over 

three decades had passed since a 

person of color was elected as SGA 

president. Spillers’ win was an 

example of how inclusive the 

University was becoming. 

Spillers’ campus work 

continued with advocacy 

for sexual assault survivors. 

He worked alongside 

the Women and Gender 

Resource Center. Spillers 

also campaigned for 

the creation of a 

Vice President of 

Diversity, Equity 

and Inclusion 

within SGA. 

Expanding 

upon a 

background of volunteer work and 

activism, Spillers is currently the 

project manager for the Equal Justice 

Initiative based in Montgomery, 

Alabama. He has worked on projects 

with the Legacy Museum: From 

Enslavement to Mass Incarceration. 

The museum informs individuals 

about the racial history of injustice. 

From formative beginnings, both 

Martin-Green and Spillers had the 

University as their stepping stone to 

showcase their talents and passions. 

Each step has left an 

impression behind 

for other students 

as guidance and 

encouragement 

that their goals 

are also possible 

to achieve. 

Pictured: Elliot Spillers CW File

LEGACY 


CROWNED 

5A 

FARRAH SANDERS 


As homecoming takes place at the 

University, we are swept with the air 

of tradition. Long-standing activities, 

competitions, parades and more await 

the student body every year in October. 

While students look forward to a good 

game of football, they also prepare for 

a much more charming and, at times, 

political tradition. That is the selection 

of the homecoming queen. 

Competitions of this nature have 

long had the stereotype of “all beauty, 

no brains,” but this is not the case at the 

University. Each hopeful homecoming 

queen must have a social platform, a 

strong educational standing backed 

by a favorable GPA, and time to 

serve her campus. The queen is 

expected to represent The University 

of Alabama and its student body as 

campus celebrates another year of 

excellence. Yet there is a long history 

of underrepresentation within the 

competition itself. 

“ 

“ 

I also got a phone call 

saying I was ‘too dark’ to 

run. 

JUDY 

BURROUGHS 

Black students have steadily taken 

part in the homecoming queen 

elections since Dianne Kirksey became 

the first Black member of the court in 

1970. Terry Points-Boney became the 

first Black homecoming queen in 1973, 

with Christa Valencia Hardy being the 

most recent Black queen in 1993. In this 

28-year gap, a Black student has been 

on the court every year representing 

causes and spaces that are close to their 

hearts. This includes Jordan Watkins, 

who ran in 2018. 

“I wanted to showcase the 

importance of mentorship, unity and 

inclusivity by contributing to diverse 

avenues of representation at The 

University of Alabama. Running for 

homecoming presented me 

with the phenomenal 

opportunity,” 

Wa t k i n s 

said. 

Watkins, 

a two-time 

graduate of 

the University 

and current doctoral 

candidate, centered her platform 

around Upward Bound, a communitybased 

organization that focuses on 

creating resources and providing 

support in science, mathematics, 

foreign language, college entrance 

and more. She has hope for better 

representation soon. 

“I was not only advocating for 

mentorship and the impact I have 

personally experienced but the 

tremendous impact it had left on 

countless amounts of 

students at UA, and 

because of this, yes, 

I felt as 

though I 

played a hand 

in representing 

a cause bigger 

than myself and the 

Black community on The 

University of Alabama’s campus,” 

Watkins said. 

One might ask: How has campus 

gone 28 years without a Black 

homecoming queen? It certainly isn’t 

due to a lack of effort. 

Judy Burroughs was a member of the 

2016 homecoming court. 

“To be honest, I had no intention 

Pictured: Christa Hardy CW Archives 

of running until my friend suggested I 

do it,” Burroughs said. “I was definitely 

nervous because I didn’t think I made 

that big of an impact on campus, but I 

had a lot of support along the way.” 

“ 

I wanted to showcase 

the importance of 

mentorship, unity and 

inclusivity by contributing 

to diverse avenues of 

representation at The 

University of Alabama. 

JORDAN 

WATKINS 

“ 

Burroughs was no stranger to 

conflict as an established student 

leader on campus. She recalled a tense 

incident during her campaign run. 

“One instance in particular was 

someone getting on my car while they 

didn’t notice that I was still in it. They 

were trying to erase my ‘Vote for Judy’ 

sign on my car. I called UAPD, but 

that didn’t do much. I also got a phone 

call saying I was ‘too dark’ to run,” 

Burroughs said. 

She didn’t expect the campus to 

notice that she was running, but she 

talked to campus resources and decided 

to keep moving forward. 

This year’s homecoming festivities 

will be no stranger to representation. 

Savanah Lemon and Noelle Fall both 

made strong bids for homecoming 

queen, both being heavily involved 

and representing historically 

Black sororities. 

Regardless of what the future holds 

for Black homecoming queens at the 

University, we cannot forget those 

who came before. Terry Points-Boney, 

Joan Belinda Turner Woodard, Deidra 

Chastang, Opal Atonita Bush Butler, 

Kim Ashley and Christa Valencia 

Hardy created a legacy that will be 

remembered. They broke away from 

a perceived standard and held their 

crowns high. 

SPRING Registration 

BEGINS NOV. 5 

Learn more at sheltonstate.edu/register 

It is the policy of the Alabama Community College System Board of Trustees and Shelton State Community College, a postsecondary institution under its control, that no person shall, on the grounds of race, color, national origin, religion, 

marital status, disability, gender, age, or any other protected class as defined by federal and state law, be excluded from participation, denied benefits, or subjected to discrimination under any program, activity, or employment.

6A 

JACK MAURER 


It’s hard not to notice that The University 

of Alabama is growing. Just look at the 

endless parade of construction projects 

taking place on campus. Or ask one of the 

hundreds of students who were supposed 

to live on campus this fall, until a largerthan-expected 

incoming class of 7,593 

freshmen forced them and the University 

to make other arrangements. 

That record-breaking first-year class 

brought total enrollment to more than 

38,000 for the fourth time in the University’s 

history. The vast majority of UA students 

— some 30,700 — are undergraduates 

working toward a four-year degree. 

In the past 20 years, the number of 

degree-seeking undergraduates at the 

University has more than doubled. Yet the 

number of Black students in this group has 

risen by only 47%. 

Black students have been 

underrepresented at the University since 

its founding in 1831. For more than twothirds 

of its history, the University did not 

admit Black students. It was integrated 

less than 60 years ago, in 1963, when Gov. 

George Wallace stood at the door of Foster 

Auditorium in an unsuccessful last-ditch 

effort to block the entry of the University’s 

first two Black undergraduates. 

The proportion of Black degree-seeking 

undergraduates on campus peaked in 

2001, at 14.8%. Since then, it has fallen 

to 10.5%. Throughout the past 20 years, 

African Americans have accounted 

CW / Jack Maurer 

LEGACY 


As UA grows, Black enrollment lags 

for a little more than a quarter of the 

state’s population. 

G. Christine Taylor, the University’s 

vice president and associate provost for 

diversity, equity and inclusion, declined 

to speculate on the reasons for this trend. 

During her four years at the University, 

the percentage of Black degree-seeking 

undergraduates has risen by about half a 

percentage point. 

“I just came and said, ‘Wow, we need to 

do better,’” Taylor said. 

In 2017, the University hired Taylor 

to lead its newly established Division of 

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, which 

was created in part to “recruit, retain and 

graduate more diverse students,” according 

to the division’s website. The following 

year, the share of Black degree-seeking 

undergraduates at the University hit a 28- 

year low. It has increased modestly each 

year since then. 

Gabby Kirk, a freshman majoring 

in secondary education, said she wasn’t 

surprised to hear that the share of Black 

students at the University had gone 

down in recent decades. She said she 

has seen Black students gravitate to 

historically Black colleges and universities 

as stigmas surrounding these institutions 

have eroded. 

“We were told that HBCUs weren’t 

as professional and they won’t be seen 

as serious in the professional world or 

whatever. So a lot of people went to PWIs 

[predominantly white institutions], but 

now I think ... people realize, ‘Hey, Howard 

can have the same credentials as Yale,’” 

Kirk said. 

She said Black students can sometimes 

feel unsafe at schools like The University 

of Alabama because of their fraught racial 

history and relative absence of Black 

faculty members and administrators. As 

of last year, 7.6% of faculty members at the 

University were Black. 

“Sometimes the student body has a 

racist history of behaving this way toward 

Black students,” Kirk said. “Why would I 

put myself in this position?” 

Matthew McLendon, who has served 

as the University’s associate vice president 

and executive director of enrollment 

management since October 2019, said the 

question of lagging Black enrollment is a 

complicated one. 

“I think that that’s one of those questions 

that researchers themselves are looking at, 

because I think there’s national trends that 

play into that,” McLendon said. 

A 2020 report from the Education 

Trust, a nonprofit focused on improving 

equity in education, found that between 

2000 and 2017, the share of Black students 

declined at 58% of selective public 

colleges, including The University of 

Alabama. According to the report, Black 

students remain underrepresented at 

more than 90% of selective public colleges 

compared to the states where these colleges 

are located. 

To alleviate such disparities, the report’s 

authors recommend that institutions 

take a number of steps, including 

changing recruitment strategies, offering 

more financial aid to students from 

underrepresented minorities, improving 

campus racial climates, and deemphasizing 

or ignoring standardized test scores in 

admission decisions. 

On the recruitment front, McLendon 

said his office has collaborated with the 

Division of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion 

to organize events such as the Multicultural 

Visitation Program, which took place 

Oct. 10, and Our Bama, an annual event 

for admitted minority students and their 

parents. He said the University plans to 

hire an assistant director for multicultural 

recruitment this year. 

McLendon said financial aid also 

plays a role in the University’s strategy 

for diversity, equity and inclusion. He 

pointed to the University’s participation in 

the College Board National Recognition 

Programs, which provide academic honors 

to underrepresented students based on 

their scores on the PSAT or Advanced 

Placement exams. 

Students who receive these honors 

qualify for a scholarship package from 

the University that includes four years of 

tuition, one year of on-campus housing 

and $4,000 in supplemental scholarships. 

As for standardized testing, the 

University stopped requiring SAT and 

ACT scores for undergraduate admission 

last year in response to the COVID-19 

pandemic, which made it difficult for 

many students to take either test. 

“ 

Sometimes the student 

body has a racist history 

of behaving this way 

toward Black students. 

Why would I put myself in 

this position? 

GABBY KIRK 

“ 

The Education Trust report advocates 

“a holistic admissions process that 

incorporates race as a significant factor 

in [admission] decisions.” The University 

currently does not consider race or 

ethnicity in its admission decisions. 

Taylor said the University’s diversity 

initiatives are driven by the idea that 

everyone benefits from a diverse 

student body. 

“[Diversity] makes for a better 

educational experience,” Taylor said. “You 

tend to be more civic-minded. You tend to 

be more critical thinkers. You tend to be 

more engaged in your communities.” 

According to a 2017 working paper 

from the Harvard-based research group 

Opportunity Insights, a UA student whose 

parents are in the bottom fifth of incomes 

has a 25% chance of entering the top fifth 

as an adult. That puts The University 

of Alabama at 600th out of 2,137 

U.S. colleges. 

Taylor said that, in general, the minority 

students the University hopes to attract 

don’t suffer from a lack of options. 

“Diverse students are going to college. 

They just may not be choosing to come 

to Alabama. ... It is not as if, if they’re not 

coming to Alabama, they’re on the side of 

the road,” she said. “Their choices are not 

us or a two-year [community college]; 

their choices are us or Georgia Tech, us or 

UGA, us or Vanderbilt.”

LEGACY 


Getting to know the namesake of 

WADE HALL 

1B 

Archie Wade standing in front of Wade Hall, a campus building recently renamed after him. CW / David Gray 

GRACE SCHEPIS 


In 1964, a young Archie Wade left 

an Alabama football game at halftime 

because of targeted racial harassment in 

the student section. 

In 1970, he was asked to help recruit 

Black athletes to play for the Alabama 

football team, where they would spend 

their Saturdays in the same stadium 

that left Wade feeling unwelcome six 

years prior. 

Last month, Wade, age 82, was 

recognized as the new namesake of the 

former Moore Hall by the UA Board of 

Trustees. 

President pro tempore of the Board 

of Trustees W. Stancil Starnes formed a 

working group last summer to conduct 

a “comprehensive review of all named 

buildings, structures, and spaces on our 

campuses relative to the University of 

Alabama System’s shared values: integrity, 

leadership, accountability, diversity, 

inclusion, and respect.” 

When the working group determined 

that Albert Burton Moore’s legacy was 

“inconsistent” with the current views of 

the University, it was time for the building 

on the corner of University Boulevard and 

Sixth Avenue to receive a new name. 

Trustee Emeritus John England Jr., 

chair of the building names working 

group, led the search. 

“As we began our review of buildings 

and spaces on the System campuses, we 

started considering alternatives in the 

event we decided to recommend to the 

full Board of Trustees that a name be 

removed,” England said. “We also began 

receiving information from faculty 

and students suggesting names, which 

included Dr. Wade.” 

“ 

We had to leave at 

halftime because people 

were throwing things and 

ice and cups and all that. 

I just thought it was best 

for us to leave. That was 

kind of a low point. 

ARCHIE WADE 

“ 

Friends, colleagues and students 

advocated for Wade from the start 

of the process and created a petition 

shared across social media to encourage 

his selection. 

When the news got to Wade that he 

had been chosen, he was “elated.” 

“I had a visitation from the chairman 

of the committee, and one other member 

of the committee, earlier in the summer,” 

Wade said. “They just had mentioned 

that there was a possibility and they had 

submitted my name to the board, but 

I hadn’t heard anything else until that 

actually happened a couple weeks ago. I 

was happy.” 

On Sept. 17, the Board officially passed 

the resolution. Wade’s name is now be 

engraved into the campus he owes his best 

and worst days to. 

“It is my hope that students, faculty, 

staff, parents and visitors will want 

to inquire about Dr. Wade and learn 

about him and his contributions to The 

University of Alabama and the state of 

Alabama,” England said. “His is truly a 

Jackie Robinson story in the history of 

The University of Alabama.” 

Wade’s story may resemble Robinson’s 

in more ways than one. Sparking his 

interest in kinesiology and physical 

education was his own experience as 

a college baseball player. At Stillman 

College, a historically Black liberal arts 

college, Wade played four years, having 

never once participated in high school. 

“That was a blessing in itself,” 

Wade said. 

After graduating from Stillman, Wade 

was offered a professional contract, 

and played three years for the St. Louis 

Cardinals’ minor-league affiliate team. 

Following his time in the pros, Wade 

returned to what he felt was his true 

calling: education. After receiving his 

master’s degree at the University of West 

Virginia, he returned to Tuscaloosa and 

began both his doctorate studies and his 

teaching career. 

As professor of what was then 

the Health, Physical Education and 

Recreation Department, now known as 

the Department of Kinesiology, Wade 

cherished his time with students and 

enjoys staying in contact with them now. 

“I’ve always enjoyed the students there 

my whole 30 years,” Wade said. “The most 

enjoyable time I have now is hearing from 

some of those students who were in classes 

in 1974 and 1975. Just to hear from them. 

I mean I had someone visit me about two 

months ago that was in a class in 1974.” 

Wade also found his place among 

colleagues at a school that did not always 

accept him as a young Black man. 

“I worked with some wonderful people 

in our department and in the college,” 

Wade said. “I enjoyed all the people that 

treated me as well as I ever thought they 

would have. They accepted me. I thought 

at first I was being tolerated. But after five 

or six years, I felt like they at least accepted 

me for what I was and what I was trying 

to do and realized some things that I was 

going through.” 

Wade noticed when he was treated 

differently than others on campus. The 

University saw its first Black graduates in 

the ’60s, but racist attitudes were difficult 

to eliminate. 

“When I was walking down University 

Boulevard, there were some people that 

would change sides of the street just to 

avoid me,” Wade said. “I could tell that. 

But that’s okay. I just said, ‘They have a 

problem; I don’t.’ Because I always treat 

them the best I could, no matter who 

it was.” 

Wade said he believes in moving on 

from those experiences. 

“I guess in any career you’re going to 

have ups and downs and highs and lows 

and peaks and valleys and all that, but I 

just try to remember those things that 

were high, and let those things that were 

low kind of go away.” 

Among the lows was Wade’s first trip 

to an Alabama football game: one that 

was cut short due to harassment from 

other students among the crowd. At the 

time, Wade was a Tuscaloosa resident 

attending Stillman. 

“I was one of the three people who 

tried to go to the game at Denny Stadium,” 

Wade said. “The President gave us three 

tickets. I was one of those three that went 

out there, along with Dr. Joffre Whisenton 

and Nathaniel Howard. We were the three 

from Tuscaloosa who went to, in a way, 

integrate the stands. We had to leave at 

halftime because people were throwing 

things and ice and cups and all that. I just 

thought it was best for us to leave. That 

was kind of a low point.” 

“[The stadium has] been renovated, 

refurbished, and all that, but that’s that 

place where I was, where they didn’t want 

me to do it in 1964,” Wade said.“The year’s 

2021, and you see all the players, and you 

see their progress. I’m just amazed at it. 

And I know we still have a lot more to do 

and a lot more things to take care of, but at 

least I think we’re making strides towards 

our goal where everybody is treated fairly 

and equally.” 

Wade applauded the University’s efforts 

but said there is always room for more. 

“I grew up in a segregated [society]. I 

know nothing about going to school with 

a different race. That didn’t happen to me 

until I went to college,” Wade said. 

Growing up, Wade was used to playing 

with children of other races. He spent 

time with his best friend, then had to 

watch him go to a school Wade was not 

allowed to attend. Instead, he caught a 

bus, and was taken seven miles away to 

the Black school across town. 

While these experiences stick with 

Wade, he feels no need to publish them 

for others. 

“Some people have asked me why I 

haven’t written anything down, a book 

about things, about what happened and 

stuff, and I told them I didn’t really want to 

do that,” Wade said. “I’ve talked to people 

about it, but there were some bad times 

for me. But there were so few, I don’t even 

mention them. That’s the way I feel about 

it. I look at things and think if they’re 

important or not important. Even though 

it was important to me, I don’t think it’s 

important in the whole scheme of things, 

so I don’t mention it.” 

According to Wade, this aspect of his 

character can be credited to his parents, 

who are no longer around but continue to 

inspire him. 

“I always say I had wonderful parents,” 

Wade said. “They supported me; they did 

everything else I could ask a parent to 

do for their kid. They always told me to 

treat people right and do fair and work 

hard and stay focused, and it helped. 

They’re the ones that told me if things are 

important, take care of it; if things are not 

important, let it go. I think about it almost 

every day.” 

Wade is now surrounded by his wife 

of 60 years, his five children and nine 

grandchildren. 

Wade smiled as he reflected on his 

years at the University, on the field 

and since. 

“I’ve had a good life. I’ve enjoyed it,” 

Wade said. “I had a chance to meet a lot of 

great people. People I read about.” 

According to the UA Board of Trustees, 

the work of the building names working 

group is still ongoing in evaluating 

current namesakes. 

Shop Boots, 

Jeans, & Hats 

at The Wharf 

in Northport 

220 Mcfarland Blvd N (205)-752-2075

2B 

MORE THAN A CROWN 

CLAIRE YATES & RACHEL PARKER 

THE CRIMSON WHITE & NINETEEN FIFTY-SIX 

Farrah Sanders wins Miss Black and Old 

Gold. Courtesy of Farrah Sanders 

Pageants and homecoming courts 

may seem cliché, but there is a message 

behind the pursuit for royalty. Former 

UA students Tiara Pennington and 

E’talia Shakir, along with current student 

Farrah Sanders, broke stereotypes when 

they pursued the crown. 

All three women showcased Black 

royalty in unique ways by advocating 

for a cause, displaying sisterhood and 

sharing an impactful message. 

Pennington held the title of Miss 

Alabama 2019 and 2020. She said that 

her initial interest in pageants was 

the possibility of winning scholarship 

money. The financial incentive eased 

college expenses while also giving 

Pennington a chance to showcase her 

opera talents. 

The year that Pennington won 

the title, she also won the overall 

talent award, which is her favorite 

phase of competition. Not only did 

she enjoy competing, but she also 

loved the true friendships and bonds 

that she made throughout the Miss 

America Organization. 

“We do our makeup with each other, 

we don’t try to sabotage each other, 

we really understand that all of us 

have worked so hard to get here at this 

moment, and so we all should just be 

uplifting each other,” Pennington said. 

Pennington made history when she 

became the first Black woman to win 

Miss University of Alabama in 2019. 

Pennington wanted to inspire others 

who were timid about being involved 

with pageantry. The Miss America 

Organization provides a crown to the 

winner, and the crown can give women 

a voice. 

Pennington promoted her platform, 

Psoriasis Take Action Alabama. She also 

advocated for diversity within the Miss 

America Organization itself. 

“We are more than just beauty queens. 

We’re more than just pageant girls,” 

Pennington said. “This organization is 

filled with some of the most intelligent 

young women you will ever meet in your 

whole entire life.” 

Pennington’s thoughts are echoed by 

the current Miss Black and Old Gold, 

Farrah Sanders. Sanders won the title 

in 2019 and viewed her crowning as an 

opportunity bigger than herself. 

“Miss Black and Old Gold means 

another avenue of advocacy for me, and to 

me it offers a space to be able to represent 

my student body, my community of 

Tuscaloosa, my community of UA, my 

state of Alabama,” Sanders said. 

Sanders’ involvement in the Miss 

Black and Old Gold pageant began 

between conversations with friends in 

Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, Inc. who 

suggested she compete. She was initially 

apprehensive due to personal health 

struggles, but still decided to compete. 

“That was the first time that I felt 

somewhat like myself, and so I looked 

at that, and I said ‘Wow. I know I’m not 

the only Black woman that feels like that.’ 

I know I’m not. This isn’t some singular 

experience,” Sanders said. 

Sanders expanded on her platform of 

mental health following her win through 

her organization, My Mind Matters. 

Focusing on the mental health of women 

of color along with societal expectations, 

this platform spoke to these challenges 

and the importance of mental and 

physical health. 

Sanders’ personal connection was 

strengthened when she considered how 

her position as Miss Black and Old Gold 

is viewed through the eyes of others, 

particularly young girls of color. 

“Having them see a physical 

embodiment of someone that they 

haven’t seen before, and being able 

to come up to little girls and be that 

inspiration,” Sanders said. “Having 

them say ‘I want that. I want that crown 

like yours.’ ... And it means being able 

to inspire, being able to advocate and 

being able to be present for the body 

and community of people that I love and 

respect so much.” 

From the impact on young girls to 

the campus community, Sanders’ victory 

felt inclusive of everyone. Sanders was 

reminded that her title went beyond her 

initial pageant win. She felt the pride 

and support from the Black community 

of the University as a representative 

of them and other students across 

the nation. 

“That in this moment, it was like we 

all felt seen, and I think they trusted me 

enough to know that I will continue to 

help you feel seen even with this crown,” 

Sanders said. 

E’talia Shakir was on The University 

of Alabama’s homecoming court in 

2019. Shakir was the only minority 

candidate and wanted to be a strong 

representative for other minorities. She 

represented her sorority, Delta Sigma 

Theta, and other historically Black 

Greek-letter organizations. 

Shakir was pleased with the amount of 

love and support she got from Alabama’s 

Panhellenic Association. They were able 

to support and help her impact others, 

regardless of the organization she was a 

LEGACY 


part of. Being a minority, she appreciated 

the support she got and she wanted to 

give back to others who looked like her. 

“I was the only minority on 

homecoming court in 2019, and so 

I thought of it more [as] I was there 

representing people or women that 

look like me, and that was a huge thing,” 

Shakir said. “I was also in Capstone Men 

and Women, so getting questions in 

terms of recruiting at Alabama and what 

it is like being a minority at Alabama 

meant a little bit more when I thought of 

it in that way.” 

Along with the image she is projecting 

to others for encouragement, Shakir 

was also receiving her own through 

her network of self-described, “Bama 

Mamas.” This was a group of women, 

composed of her advisor and Kim 

Pettway, who offered support in the 

midst of stress. 

“You’re always leaving the door open 

for the people behind you,” Shakir said. 

“As you’re accomplishing, knocking 

down these new doors, these new 

barriers, always make sure you have that 

one hand extended behind to kind of 

pull the people up with you.” 

Through support, sisterhood and 

the ability to advocate for a cause, these 

women have shown that it is much more 

than just a sparkly crown at stake. 

Farrah Sanders is the culture 

and lifestyle director at Nineteen 

Fifty-Six Magazine. 

This is our water. 

Help UA protect it. 

Only rain down the drain. 

For questions, comments, or concerns about Storm 

Water, contact Environmental Health & Safety 

Phone: (205) 348-5905 

Website: ehu.ua.edu 

Twitter: EHS_UA 

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Your Party, Our Pleasure

LEGACY 


THE TRUE ORIGINS OF ROCK ‘N’ ROLL 

3B 

SYM POSEY & MADDY REDA 


When most people hear rock ’n’ roll, 

they think of Elvis Presley, clad in his 

star-spangled jumpsuit, but they typically 

don’t think of the generations of Black 

musicians, like Little Richard or Fats 

Domino, who laid the foundations of 

rock music. 

Alexis Davis-Hazell, an assistant 

professor of voice and lyric diction said 

it is impossible to talk about American 

music without talking about the African 

American tradition that goes into it. 

“They are woven. You cannot talk about 

one without the other. It is a foundational 

element and it is part of what makes 

American music unique from other 

national music,” Davis-Hazell said. 

The culture of mainstream American 

music is closely intertwined with racism 

and segregation. 

According to the Oakland Public 

Library, Black music genres can be traced 

back to the days of slavery, when enslaved 

people would sing to each other to pass 

along messages and share their life stories. 

As Christianity gradually made its 

way into the culture of slaves in the 

United States, the hymns they sang would 

eventually be termed spirituals, which 

would later evolve into gospel music. 

This became the foundation of the blues, 

a genre of music that expressed the Black 

community’s disappointment in the lack 

of freedoms and rights that came in a postslavery, 

Jim Crow society. 

Eric Weisbard, a professor of American 

studies, said the international craze for 

American music — most notably, rock 

’n’ roll — began with minstrel shows, the 

theatrical act of white actors performing 

in blackface. 

“The phrase ‘Jim Crow’ came from the 

beginning of blackface minstrelsy in the 

1830s. An artist named Thomas Rice, a 

white artist, put tar on his face, pretended 

to be a Black person, and gave a songand-dance 

routine called Jim Crow,” 

Weisbard said. 

Weisbard said minstrel shows proved to 

be so internationally popular that Rice was 

taken to England to perform for royalty. 

“Every part of the United States had 

its own acts of people doing this kind of 

work. Jim Crow names segregation and 

names the beginning of commercial 

American music as this international 

craze,” Weisbard said. “So it’s there. 200 

years ago, it’s there practically from 

the beginning.” 

Davis-Hazell said that the genesis of 

rock ’n’ roll is not the first time aspects 

of Black culture have been co-opted by 

dominant white culture. 

“It is a pattern that goes all the way back 

to the very first popular music of America 

that was a truly American form, which was 

blackface minstrelsy,” Davis-Hazell said. 

“That lays the foundation for the comfort 

and the commoditization of Black culture, 

whether it’s authentic or not.” 

The overwhelming commercial success, 

prestige and recognition white rock ’n’ 

roll singers received compared to Black 

pioneers of the same genre are staggering. 

There are many examples of white 

artists re-recording Black-owned songs, 

such as The Beatles covering “Please Mister 

Postman” by the Marvelettes, or Elvis 

Presley covering “Hound Dog,” which was 

originally written for Big Mama Thornton. 

These songs were copied and rearranged 

to be more digestible for a white audience. 

Davis-Hazell said early rock ’n’ roll’s 

popularity with white teenagers allowed 

the nomenclature to catch on, going 

beyond white artists doing covers and 

gradually turning into white artists actually 

attempting to emulate the style. 

“It’s absolutely the case that the history 

of American popular music turns on racial 

appropriation,” Weisbard said. “The idea 

that the same process of white people often 

loving Black music seems to constantly 

involve taking it and profiting from it in 

ways that many Black performers are not 

able to profit from.” 

As entertainment executives sought 

to make a profit, Black artists like Sister 

Rosetta Tharpe, commonly known as the 

“Godmother of Rock ’n’ Roll,” and their 

contributions to music were forgotten. 

Tharpe started playing and singing in 

church as a child prodigy at four years old, 

touring the South along with her mother’s 

evangelistic choir to hone her music skills. 

Tharpe skyrocketed during the 1930s 

and ’40s, attaining mass popularity with 

her gospel songs infused with electric 

guitar. These infusions laid the foundation 

for the sound of rock ’n’ roll today, as 

Tharpe is regarded to be one of the most 

dominant inspirations for artists like 

Little Richard, Johnny Cash, Carl Perkins, 

Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley and Jerry 

Lee Lewis. 

Little Richard, a direct product of 

Tharpe’s musical inspiration, was one of 

the first Black rock ’n’ roll performers who 

catered to gay audiences both of which 

have become rock ’n’ roll staples. 

According to Florida State University, 

“Little Richard began garnering fans from 

both sides of the civil rights divide” after 

the release of his hit track “Tutti Frutti,” 

bringing Black and white fans together and 

challenging the harsh lines of segregation. 

Davis-Hazell said the record industry 

was terrible about awarding royalties 

to Black singers and songwriters, citing 

Little Richard as one of the first examples 

of Black artists having their work stolen 

by white artists and receiving little to 

no credit. 

“He was so frustrated with the industry 

that he left,” Davis-Hazell said. “He 

went back to his church and went into 

ministry because he was so frustrated with 

Pat Boone.” 

Davis-Hazell said Pat Boone was 

essentially taking every Little Richard 

track and re-recording them as covers 

or passing them off as his own, which 

generated success that Little Richard had 

never seen. 

Fats Domino was another Black artist 

who helped open the floodgates of rock 

’n’ roll through his vigorous piano playing, 

which quickly became as crucial to rock ’n’ 

roll as the guitar. 

The original wave of Black rock 

artists would pave the way for more 

Black excellence in the industry, with 

ambidextrous guitar player Jimi Hendrix 

fusing electric guitar chords with distorted 

rhythmic tone effects, as well as Michael 

Jackson and Prince taking pop music by 

storm in the 1980s. 

Despite its rich and profoundly Black 

history, rock ’n’ roll is another facet of 

Black culture lost to systemic racism 

and oppression. 

“Because of segregation and going all 

the way back, we have legislated efforts 

to keep Black culture separate, but it’s 

not possible. You can’t keep it separate. 

Inevitably, people like it, people want 

to participate, people want to adopt it,” 

Davis-Hazell said. “So then what happens 

CW / Jo Dyess 

is because of the power differentials, the 

dominant culture can just take it.” 

Weisbard said the country finds itself at 

a moment where the status-quo structures 

once taken for granted are being called 

into question. While history is not being 

rewritten, the country is reaching a critical 

moment in time when the history is being 

told by people more central to the story. 

“What contemporary Black performers 

can accomplish makes for a striking 

contrast with the limits faced 65 years 

ago,” Weisbard said. “I also think that on 

some fundamental level, there’s a sense of 

excitement about getting to tell the story 

of American popular music over again 

and put different figures at the front of 

the story.” 

Now, with social media, the erasure of 

Black creatives has shifted. 

“The virtue of social media, especially 

with so much being video and timestamp, 

it’s documentation, which is fantastic. You 

can trace things back to the source, you 

can look to see what time someone posts 

something on what day, and you can prove 

who did it first,” Davis-Hazell said. “But it 

also means that things spread faster and 

are absorbed by the larger culture faster.” 

This has been exemplified on TikTok 

as many white TikTok creators have faced 

criticism after taking credit for dances 

originally performed and choreographed 

by Black creators with smaller followings. 

As discussions of accurately crediting 

Black artists, past and present, occur, 

Davis-Hazell encourages people to dive 

deeper into these moments of history that 

are “painful and uncomfortable” because 

of their connection to the present. 

People of color have to deal with being 

watched in stores or facing backhanded 

compliments about their appearance. 

These are microaggressions. 

According to Merriam-Webster, 

the definition of a microaggression is 

“a comment or action that subtly and 

often unconsciously or unintentionally 

expresses a prejudiced attitude toward a 

member of a marginalized group.” 

There are three different types of 

microaggressions: microassaults, which 

are verbal and nonverbal racial actions; 

microinsults, or subtle actions that can 

be viewed as racist or extremely offensive; 

and microinvalidations, actions used 

to invalidate the experience or feelings 

of someone. 

Macroaggressions are a more intentional 

and direct form of discrimination. 

Micro- and macro aggressions are a 

CW / Jo Dyess 

What are microaggressions? 

JOLENCIA JONES 

NINETEEN FIFTY-SIX & THE CRIMSON WHITE 

common experience for people of color 

and can occur anywhere. 

According to an article from Lean In, 

microaggressions are common for women 

in the workplace. Since Black women face 

both racism and sexism, “they experience 

a wider range of microaggressions than 

women overall,” the article says. 

Kylan Foster is a senior majoring in 

management information systems. She 

encountered a microaggression at her job 

as a desk assistant for being “too quiet.” 

She said she often didn’t engage in 

conversations with her co-workers 

because she didn’t feel welcome. Her coworkers 

misinterpreted her silence as 

standoffishness. She also noticed a pattern 

of other co-workers, who were women of 

color, being painted as angry. 

“I got written up for not making eye 

contact with a person. She could have 

possibly not known I made eye contact. 

Then she said I was becoming a constant 

problem. Me and the other people of color 

were disruptive, we were aggressive, and we 

made people feel uncomfortable because 

we didn’t engage in their conversations,” 

Foster said. 

Lean In said 54% of Black women 

report that they are often the only or one of 

the only Black people in their workplaces. 

With the scrutiny Black women face, the 

workplace can be a harrowing setting. 

These issues often leave Black women 

afraid to express themselves because of the 

fear of being misunderstood. Only 26% 

of Black women felt that they had allies 

at work, and 36% of Black women faced 

consequences when they spoke out against 

discrimination at work. 

Not only are Black women 

discriminated against for their emotions, 

but they are also scrutinized over 

their hair. 

In a research study from Duke 

University, Black women with natural 

hairstyles were seen as more unprofessional 

than Black women with straightened hair. 

Also, according to research from Dove, 

80% of Black women felt the need to alter 

their natural hair in order to fit in at work. 

In 2018, a Black news anchor was fired 

for wearing her natural hair. 

These aggressions have very strong 

effects on individuals’ mental and 

physical health. 

According to Harvard psychiatrists, 

microaggressions “can result in everything 

from depression, fatigue and anger 

to physical ailments such as chronic 

infections, thyroid problems and high 

blood pressure.” This shows that a small 

comment can affect someone negatively in 

many ways. 

Since microaggressions are subtle, some 

people find it hard to express themselves 

without feeling that they are overreacting. 

“Often the person experiencing the 

microaggression will have others state 

that ‘you are being overly sensitive’ and 

that microaggression ‘didn’t happen or 

wasn’t meant in that way.’ The person 

experiencing the microaggression is 

having their feelings invalidated, and when 

people are invalidated, they are left feeling 

unheard and as if they don’t belong,” said 

Jennifer Turner, UA assistant director of 

clinical services. 

Microaggressions can affect a person’s 

confidence so much that they start to 

constantly question themselves, which 

eventually causes a downward spiral. 

“When a person is experiencing 

microaggressions it may become difficult 

for a person to engage with others. The 

person experiencing a microaggression 

may have issues with being late or 

calling out from work or class because 

of feeling ill,” Turner said. “In reality, the 

microaggression that they experience daily 

in a particular space may make it difficult 

for them to come to work every day.” 

However, microaggressions don’t define 

a person, and some people find it easier 

to let the situation go. This helps them 

gain peace so that they can enjoy their 

college experience. 

“I overcame the feeling by honestly 

letting it go. I grew to love myself, and 

I do not care what other people think 

of me at the end of the day,” said A’Nya 

Hester, a junior majoring in the multiple 

abilities program. 

Hester said she has enjoyed her 

college experience despite the constant 

microaggressions she has faced. 

“I will educate the ones who made me 

feel uncomfortable, but for those who 

don’t budge? I will not lose sleep over it,” 

Hester said. 

Microaggressions affect each person 

differently, but one comment can affect 

someone’s confidence, health and future.

4B 

The pride of The University of 

Alabama comes from its athletic 

programs. Thousands of fans, 

students and athletes travel to 

Tuscaloosa to experience Alabama 

athletic events. 

In recent years, some of the top 

athletes from Alabama athletic 

programs have been Black students. 

From former wide receiver DeVonta 

Smith to former gymnast Ashley 

Miles, the Crimson Tide has been 

home to its fair share of Black 

superstar athletes. 

In order for athletes like Smith and 

Miles to shine, someone had to plant 

a seed. But, who were the men and 

women who paved the way for the 

Black athletes at the University? 

On May 16, 1963, a federal court 

ordered the University to admit 

Vivian Malone and James Hood 

to Alabama for the summer term. 

Four years later, a Black football 

player, Wilbur Jackson, walked onto 

the field of what was then Denny 

Stadium for the first time. This 

started the domino effect that led to 

the integration and rich history of 

Black athletes at Alabama. 

In 1967, freshman Dock Rone sat 

across from Paul “Bear” Bryant and 

announced his intention to walk on 

to the Alabama football team. 

Bryant told Rone of the 

difficulties of making the team 

but welcomed Rone to try out if he 

passed the physical exam and was 

academically eligible. 

“I admire your courage, young 

man,” Bryant said to Rone. 

Four other Black students from 

Alabama joined Rone when he 

reported for the Tide's first spring 

practice on April 1, 1967 — Arthur 

Dunning from Mobile, Melvin 

Leverett from Prichard, Andrew 

Pernell from Bessemer and Jerome 

Tucker from Birmingham. 

The first step was taken. Rone 

became the first Black athlete to 

wear an Alabama football uniform. 

On May 5, 1967, Rone, Tucker and 

Pernell took the field in the annual 

Alabama A-Day game. 

Although their journeys at 

Alabama were cut short, these five 

men planted a seed for other Black 

athletes to grow from. Three years 

later, Alabama signed its first Black 

PLANTING A SEED: 

Black athletes who paved the way 

ASHLEE WOODS 

NINETEEN FIFTY-SIX & THE CRIMSON WHITE 

Athletes at historically Black colleges 

and universities receive less attention 

than athletes at predominantly white 

institutions despite being just as talented. 

The 2021 NFL draft was the ninth time 

since 2000 that no players were selected 

from an HBCU. In 2020, only one HBCU 

player was selected in the NFL draft. 

Athletic programs at HBCUs receive 

less national media exposure, funding and 

support compared to athletic programs 

at PWIs. 

The Southwestern Athletic Conference 

is made up of HBCUs in the Southern 

United States. SWAC games are 

broadcasted on national TV less than other 

collegiate athletic conferences. This limits 

the amount of national media coverage 

HBCU athletes receive. 

Tampa Bay Buccaneers cornerback 

Cameron Konley has a lot of respect 

for HBCUs despite attending the U.S. 

Naval Academy. 

“I definitely think HBCU athletes 

are left out of the media spotlight,” 

scholarship athlete, Wendell Hudson. 

Hudson is a native of Birmingham, 

Alabama. Former Alabama 

basketball head coach C.M. Newton 

gave the slim, 6-foot-6-inch 

teenager the chance to make history 

in Tuscaloosa. 

Hudson said he “did not really 

have a clue what he was really 

doing when he came here from a 

historical standpoint.” 

To Hudson, it was an opportunity 

to play the sport he loved. Hudson 

let his talent on the court speak for 

itself. Hudson was named SEC Most 

Valuable Player twice in his collegiate 

career — in 1972 and 1973. He also 

led the SEC during those years. 

This impact was felt for years to 

come. By Hudson’s senior year, he 

was one of several Black players on 

the basketball team. In 1970, Wilbur 

Jackson became the first Black 

football player on scholarship. 

“[Hudson] paved the way for guys 

like me,” former Alabama point 

guard Kira Lewis Jr. said. “Without 

him, maybe I’m probably not here; 

maybe I am. More than likely I’m not 

here, so with him doing what he did, 

that’s a big accomplishment. Hats off 

to him.” 

The path for Black female athletes 

at the University was harder to pave. 

Soon after the federal government 

passed Title IX in 1972, the floodgates 

opened for Black female athletes. 

Title IX states that no educational 

institution receiving federal financial 

assistance can exclude a person from 

an educational activity or benefits on 

the basis of gender. 

That fall, The University 

of Alabama had its first 

Black cheerleader. 

Brenda McCampbell Lyons’ 

brother was already a student at the 

Capstone. She never thought about 

the legacy her time at the University 

would leave. 

“Growing up, I always liked to 

follow him and do everything he did, 

so I came to Alabama, just like he 

did,” Lyons said. 

Lyons started cheerleading during 

her junior year of high school. 

She didn’t consider cheering in 

college until she saw a flyer for 

freshman tryouts. 

A group of Black male students 

created a community to support Lyons 

and the other Black female students 

trying out for the cheerleading team. 

The men helped the women practice 

ahead of tryouts. 

All their hard work paid off. Lyons 

was named to the team and became 

the first Black woman to set foot on 

the field at Denny Stadium. 

Like the Black athletes before 

her, Lyons dealt with racism. At her 

Wilbur Jackson was the first football player to receive a football scholarship. He played 

from 1971 to 1973. Courtesy of Paul W. Bryant Museum 

LEGACY 


first game, the security at the gate 

wouldn’t let her in. 

“The climate of the time, I think 

many — especially Black students — 

knew that it was kind of what you 

signed up for,” Lyons said. 

“ 

Still, Lyons had a community of 

support around her at the University 

and at home. Her parents supported 

her because they knew how much she 

wanted to be a cheerleader. 

Similar to those before her, Lyons’ 

dedication to her sport set the 

standard for many who followed. 

In 1988, Dione “Dee Dee” Foster 

Worley was an accomplished elite 

gymnast. Foster was set to compete 

in the 1988 U.S. Olympic Trials, but 

an injury kept her from participating. 

The following year, Foster enrolled 

at the University and became the first 

Black female scholarship athlete. 

With the direction of former coaches 

Sarah and David Patterson, Foster 

became a force in the NCAA circuit. 

“Nobody ever showed up here 

with more determination to succeed 

than Dee,” David Patterson said. “She 

set her goals high, and then she went 

out and did it.” 

Foster was the star athlete in the 

all-around competition and a pillar 

of the dynasty Sarah Patterson built 

at the University. 

She set an NCAA record with a 

perfect 10 at five consecutive meets, 

was named SEC Female Athlete of 

the Year and was nominated for 

NCAA Female Athlete of the Year. 

Each of these athletes contributed 

to the winning culture that is 

synonymous with Alabama. They 

broke down barriers and created a 

tradition of stellar Black athletes 

at Alabama. 

Through their dedication to their 

sports, they created a long-lasting 

legacy at the University. 

It’s time to put HBCU athletes in the spotlight 

Pictured: Aniyah Smith Courtesy of Alabama State Athletics 

TIONNA TAITE 


said Kinley. “Games aren’t often 

broadcasted on TV, and it is harder to get 

national exposure.” 

Only one SWAC game is scheduled 

to be broadcast on ESPN this year. There 

are two SWAC games scheduled to be 

broadcast on ESPN2. 

“ 

The decision to come to 

an HBCU over a PWI as 

a big-name athlete will 

literally affect generations 

to come. 

NICHOLAS 

POWELL 

“ 

Jacksonville Jaguars offensive tackle 

Will Richardson, Jr. said a lack of 

media coverage negatively impacts 

HBCU athletes. 

“Making it to the NFL is about exposure,” 

said Richardson. “One way I believe the 

media can help is by broadcasting more 

HBCU games on national television.” 

Despite the challenges HBCU athletes 

face, some athletes decide to transfer 

from a PWI to an HBCU. Some of these 

students have said there is a noticeable 

difference in the support that HBCU 

athletic programs receive compared 

to PWIs. 

Former Missouri State basketball player 

Dariauna Lewis transferred to Alabama 

A&M University to improve her mental 

health and connect with her roots. Lewis 

is second in the NCAA for rebounds per 

game and is a leading player of multiple 

categories in the SWAC. 

“A narrative that needs to be changed is 

that Black kids go to HBCUs because they 

can’t get into bigger Power Five schools,” 

said Lewis. “I transferred from a big DI 

program, so I am a walking example that 

we can get into bigger schools.” 

Former West Virginia cornerback 

Tacorey Turner transferred to Alabama 

A&M because he wanted a different 

cultural experience. 

“Give HBCU athletes more exposure 

like athletes received at my previous PWI,” 

said Turner. “HBCUs should also get more 

credit and attention in the media.” 

HBCUs are historically underfunded. 

The climate of the time, I 

think many — especially 

Black students — knew 

that it was kind of what 

you signed up for. 

BRENDA LYONS 

“ 

From 2010 to 2012, 61% of HBCUs 

in America did not receive their full 

state funding, according to a report 

by the Association of Public and 

Land-grant Universities. 

Underfunding makes it harder for 

HBCUs to get resources and attract 

top recruits. 

Alabama State University baseball 

player Jayden Sloan would like to see more 

top recruits make the decision to play at 

HBCUs. 

“Top recruits going to HBCUs will 

contradict the narrative that athletes only 

choose HBCUs because they didn’t have 

another option,” said Sloan. “I believe 

top recruits deciding to come to HBCUs 

will help bring in more funding for 

athletic programs.” 

Alabama A&M sprinter Nicholas 

Powell said he is excited to see top recruits 

beginning to choose HBCUs over PWIs. 

“It’s sad that athletes have to make the 

sacrifice right now to see HBCUs prosper 

in the future, but it’s extremely courageous 

of them,” said Powell. “The decision to 

come to an HBCU over a PWI as a bigname 

athlete will literally affect generations 

to come.” 

Pictured: Kevion Stewart Courtesy of Alabama State Athletics

LEGACY 


Finding Black communities in Tuscaloosa 

MADISON DUBOISE 


More than a century after the 

University’s founding, the campus 

was integrated. Even after integrating, 

Black students had to find community 

and resources on campus. Now, there 

are at least 16 organizations that 

specifically serve Black students at 

the University. 

ON CAMPUS 

Black Student Union 

The University’s Black Student 

Union was established in 1968 to help 

fulfill the needs of Black students 

across campus. Its mission is to 

establish and build better relationships 

and experiences for minority students 

on campus. The BSU serves as a 

liaison between minority students 

and school leaders in order to ensure 

equality and uphold the values of the 

Capstone Creed. 

Capstone Association of 

Black Journalists 

The Capstone Association of Black 

Journalists is a collegiate chapter of 

the National Association of Black 

Journalists. It was started to assist 

Black students as they navigate the 

field of journalism, especially after 

graduation. It covers a broad number 

of topics around the world. This 

organization is open to all students, 

not just minorities, and anyone who 

cares about preserving diversity in 

journalism is welcome to join. 

Future Black Law Student 

Association 

The Future Black Law Student 

Association was created to support 

aspiring Black law students. It shares 

resources for students to maximize 

their pursuits in the legal profession. 

Mentorship and support are priorities 

for the organization. 

The National Council of 

Negro Women 

The National Council of Negro 

Women has over 300 community- and 

campus-based sections that advance 

opportunities for African American 

women and the communities they 

live in. The council accomplishes 

this through research, advocacy, 

community work and programs in the 

U.S. and Africa. 

The NAACP 

The NAACP’s mission is to 

ensure equal rights for all, without 

discrimination based on race. The 

University’s chapter aims to improve 

the quality of life for all people of 

color on campus by ensuring inclusion 

and equality. 

Students Against 

Medical Racism 

Students Against Medical Racism 

educates students going into health 

care professions about disparities that 

minorities face in the medical field. 

Students work together to educate 

their peers about the causes and effects 

of medical discrimination. They work 

in the community and raise money 

to educate young students and others 

about systemic racial discrimation in 

the health care system. 

Project Empowerment 

Project Empowerment focuses on 

educating Black women on politics, 

but it aims to give all women of color 

a political voice. The project hopes 

to encourage high school and college 

students to become educated and 

promote political awareness. 

Women of Excellence 

Women of Excellence is an 

organization of progressive African 

American women who hope to foster a 

sense of excellence through education, 

politics, volunteer work and civic 

engagement in the community. This 

organization is dedicated to supporting 

young women as they pursue brighter 

futures through excellence. 

Alabama National 

Pan-Hellenic Council 

This organization is home to 

eight of the nine historically African 

American fraternities and sororities. 

These fraternities and sororities 

are committed to improving the 

community and the lives of students 

through community service and 

academic excellence. These NPHC 

organizations also organize programs 

and events to encourage the 

enrichment of cultural experience at 

the University. 

Dynamically Reversing 

Everything Around Me 

D.R.E.A.M. is an organization 

pushing for progress in education 

amid a climate of racial injustice and 

a lack of education on the history of 

minorities. The organization focuses 

on leadership training for middle 

school- to college-aged students, 

empowering others to serve their 

communities and bring attention to 

these issues. 

OFF CAMPUS 

Tuscaloosa Area Black 

Chamber of Commerce 

The Tuscaloosa Area Black 

Chamber of Commerce was created to 

assist in the development of African 

American communities and Blackowned 

businesses. The chamber 

hopes to ensure economic growth and 

the progression of African 

American contributions 

and advancements to 

society, particularly 

in Tuscaloosa. 

Birmingham Urban 

League 

Birmingham Urban 

League is an organization 

that assists all racial 

and ethnic groups, 

particularly African 

Americans, in pursuing 

and achieving social and 

economic equality. Through 

education, housing, jobs and health, 

they hope to empower communities 

and their members to change lives. 

Black Voters 

Matter 

Black Voters Matter is 

an organization committed 

to educating Black Americans 

on voting. They advocate for 

policies promoting voting 

equality and voting rights 

for all, as well as for policies 

that intersect with race, gender, 

economics and other aspects of 

promoting equality. 

5B 

The Knights & Orchids 

Society 

The Knights & Orchids Society 

is an organization fighting for the 

rights of LGBTQ African Americans 

throughout Alabama and the South. 

The society pushes for equality and 

justice through community work. 

The Black Youth Project 

The Black Youth Project is a platform 

that highlights the accomplishments of 

Black millennials. This organization 

focuses on giving a voice to young 

Black Americans and shedding light 

on diversity across the country. 

Black Women’s Blueprint 

Black Women’s Blueprint is an 

organization dedicated to creating 

a safe community for Black women 

affected by sexual assault, abuse 

and incarceration. Through trauma 

healing, truth and reconciliation, 

reproductive medicine, and 

international programs, they hope to 

create a space where these women can 

grow. 

CW / Allie McGillberry

6B 

LEGACY 


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