Design and Implementation of Object-Oriented ... - Automatic Control

Chapter 1. Introduction
Level of Detail
System
requirements
Architectural design &
system functional design
Preliminary
feature design
The Design Arch
Realization
Detailed feature design Component verification
and implementation
Specification
Design Design Refinement
Next Product Generation
Experience Feedback
Verification Integration Calibration
Version and Configuration Management
Documentation
Subsystem level integration
and verification
System level integration, test
calibration and verification
Product verification
and deployment
Maintenance
Figure 1.1 Design arch of product development and life cycle. A similar scheme
is sometimes referred to as design-V.
ucts. Cost savings achieved by avoiding possibly destructive “smoke tests”
of expensive hardware and by doing this test as a model based computer
simulation instead, are a strong driving force for model development. Development
cycles for new technical products are shortened by making developments
in parallel instead of sequential. Emulating a not-yet-existing
piece of hardware on a computer, often in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
configuration, is a standard technique for achieving concurrent engineering.
HIL needs models which are not only accurate representations of reality,
but also fulfill stringent performance criteria. The simulation must
be executed in real time, otherwise it is not possible to emulate reality to
a degree that allows meaningful tests, e. g., of control equipment.
Figure 1.1 illustrates the typical phases of development of a technical
product. Almost all phases can to some extent benefit from modeling
and simulation. The models which are needed in the phases often have
different requirements: the change in the level of detail leads to different
models. Modeling language features that help reuse in concurrent engineering
and simplify model reduction are important. It is even useful to
be able to keep the structure but exchange the underlying model completely.
On the right hand side of the design arch, hardware-in-the-loop
is a well known means to reduce testing cost. The performance requirements
are often difficult to achieve. Reuse of models, both throughout the
design process and for the next-generation product, is an important factor
to reduce modeling and simulation costs.
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