Thesis in Nutritional Aspects of Sarcopenia in Diabetes - PhD Assistance

PhD research directions
for 2022 in Nutritional
Aspects of Sarcopenia
in Diabetes
An Academic presentation by
Dr. Nancy Agnes, Head, Technical Operations, Phdassistance
Group www.phdassistance.com
Email: info@phdassistance.com

TODAY'S DISCUSSION
Outline
Sarcopenia and Diabetes: Basic Information
Sarcopenia and Diabetes Nutritional
Aspects: Key Ideas
Relationship between Nutrition, Sarcopenia
and Diabetes
Nutritional aspects
Conclusion

About 25% of adults over 65 have type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM), a significant health burden for the senior
population. With the population's increased lifespan
shown in recent years, this proportion is anticipated to rise
sharply during the following decades.
The purpose of this blog post is to offer an update on (1)
the risk of Sarcopenia in people with type 2 diabetes; and
(2) its correlation with important characteristics of
patients with type 2 diabetes.

SARCOPENIA AND DIABETES:
BASIC INFORMATION
After the age of 40, Sarcopenia is characterized as a widespread
loss of muscle mass that is progressive and occurs at a rate of 8 %
each decade up to the age of 70 and 15 to 25 % subsequently.
It's important to remember that according to research, the
prevalence of Sarcopenia varies between 10 and 40 %, depending
on the demographic and the criteria employed to diagnose it.
In reality, in addition to the previously well-known consequences of
T2DM, including micro and macro vascular disorders, Sarcopenia
and frailty are generally becoming more well recognized.

SARCOPENIA AND DIABETES
NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS: KEY
IDEAS
With a particular focus on ageing, overweight/obesity, sex, the
duration of T2DM, the use of antidiabetic medications, the
presence of T2DM complications, and nutritional status
The Nutritional Aspects section of this article has provided an
overview of the relationship between Sarcopenia and several
features of T2DM.
To offer an update on the most PhD research current results in
this field and to review the key dietary factors that are relevant
in the presence of Sarcopenia and T2DM.

According to the review, T2DM participants with and without
Sarcopenia have no changes in the prevalence of alcohol intake.
Regular coffee consumption has been linked to a preventive effect
against the onset of Sarcopenia, perhaps as a result of the antiinflammatory
and antioxidant qualities of coffee.
On the other hand, drinking coffee appears to be linked to a reduced
incidence of T2DM.
Those who have Sarcopenia may also benefit from drinking tea; in
particular, green tea polyphenols and Catechins have been proven to
have antioxidant properties.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITION,
SARCOPENIA AND DIABETES
In addition to the lifestyle diseases and nutritional state of both middleaged
and older adults with Sarcopenia and T2DM,
The association between malnutrition and Sarcopenia includes several
metabolic characteristics (including indices of glucose metabolism).
The subjects with probable Sarcopenia were older, had lower waist-to-hip
ratios and BMIs, longer diabetes duration, higher fasting plasma glucose
levels and glycosylated haemoglobin, decreased estimated glomerular
filtration rates, lower bone mineral contents, and lower fatless upper arm
circumference, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, and muscle
quality.

NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS
According to suitable research topics in diabetes and
nutrition guidance, each participant kept a diet journal for
three days straight, recording the weight of each meal
type.
The total daily energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat
consumption and the percentage of calories provided by
each of the three macronutrients were then calculated,
with appropriate modifications for body weight.

SARCOPENIA IN INDIVIDUALS
WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES
MELLITUS: ASSOCIATED FACTORS
AGE
According to several reports, Sarcopenia and age have been linked in a
major way in T2DM patients. According to most research, people with
T2DM with Sarcopenia are typically older than those without Sarcopenia:
73.6 years and 67.2 years, respectively.
GENDER
Studies have found different effects of gender on the occurrence of
Sarcopenia, and the findings are not conclusive. Several research showed
that Sarcopenia was considerably more common in males than women.
However, the gender distribution of PhD diabetes and T2DM with
Sarcopenia was not different, according to other research.

BODY MASS INDEX
According to several studies, the prevalence of Sarcopenia dramatically reduces when BMI
rises, and BMI is much lower in T2DM patients with Sarcopenia than in those without it.
According to this research, Sarcopenia is related to a low BMI and a high body fat
percentage in people with type 2 diabetes.
DIABETES DURATION
The statistics are not conclusive when looking at T2DM duration. According to several
research, the prevalence of Sarcopenia increases with the length of diabetes. For instance,
when participants were divided into groups based on how long they had diabetes symptoms,
the majority of Sarcopenia was 27.6%, 21.8%, and 52.6%, respectively, in the groups with
diabetes duration of less than 10, between 10 and 20, and over 20 years.

NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND LIFESTYLE
In epidemiological research, it has not been discovered that Sarcopenia in people with
TD2M is connected with glucose management, which is primarily assessed by testing
glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c).
GLUCOSE-LOWERING DRUGS
Except for biguanides, which were used less often in patients with Sarcopenia, glucoselowering
medications did not differ substantially between individuals with and without
Sarcopenia overall.

CONCLUSION
The research that is now available is quite consistent in demonstrating
that Sarcopenia is more common in T2DM patients. Various processes
might explain this connection, including decreased insulin sensitivity,
long-term hyperglycemia, AGEs, subclinical inflammation, and micro-and
macrovascular problems.
However, only older age and a low body mass index are significant risk
factors for Sarcopenia in T2DM. However, glucose management and
diabetes research duration are not powerful influences.
Information on other T2DM traits related to this illness is conflicting.
However, adopting changes to one's lifestyle that have been proven
successful in the past would be a more efficient—though by no means
simple—way to lessen the prevalence and severity of Sarcopenia in the
senior population.

ABOUT PHD ASSISTANCE
PhD assistance could be advantageous for you in drafting a standardscompliant
PhD research proposal.
A crucial step in the PhD application process is writing a research
proposal, which universities use to assess your suitability for their
research program.
Several international schools have used the research proposal to decide
whether or not to accept admission offers into the DBA/Doctoral
program. The study proposal should be written to give readers a positive
impression of your research abilities.

CONTACT US
UNITED KINGDOM
+44 7537144372
INDIA
+91-9176966446
EMAIL
info@phdassistance.com