Operating instructions to Module 1 control for English-speaking ...

Operating instructions to Module 1 control 

for English-speaking students of medical faculty 

“GENERAL PRESCRIPTION. GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY. DRUGS ACTING ON 

NERVOUS SYSTEM” 

Questions, which are subject of study 

1. Definition of pharmacology, its place among other medical and biological 

sciences. Main sections of pharmacology: theoretical, experimental, and clinical 

pharmacology. New directions of pharmacology’s development. 

2. Development of science about drugs in Ukraine and in other states. Origin and 

becoming of experimental pharmacology (R. Bukhgeym, Е.В. Pelican, M.P. Kravkov). 

А.I.Cherkas as the known Ukrainian pharmacologist and toxicologist. Contribution of 

scientists of Ukraine to development of pharmacology Directions of researches of the 

scientists of UMSA. 

3. Modern investigation methods in pharmacology. Ways of creation of new 

medicinal drugs. Pre-clinical and clinical investigations (phases Ι–ΙV). Functions of State 

Pharmacological Center of Public health ministry. The law of Ukraine “About medicinal 

drugs”. 

4. To give concepts: medicinal substance, medicinal drug, medicinal preparation, 

medicinal form. The classification of medicinal forms. Rules of prescribing of dosed and 

non-dosed medicinal forms. Requirements to medicinal forms for injections, rules of their 

prescribing. 

5. Prescription and its structure. Common rules of drugs prescribing. Rules of 

prescribing of the drastic, poisonous and narcotic drugs. Pharmacy. Pharmacopeia. 

6. Pharmacokinetics, the definition of this concept. Routes of drugs administration, 

their comparative characteristics. 

7. Pharmacokinetic parameters: period of half-elimination, stationary concentration, 

clearance, constant of absorbtion speed. Age peculiarities of drug pharmacokinetics. 

8. Absorbtion of medicinal substances, main mechanisms and factors affecting this 

process. The definition of bioaviability and bioequivalence. 

9. Mechanisms of penetration of medicinal substances through biological 

membranes (passive diffusion, carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion, active transport, 

endocytosis). 

10. Transport and distribution of medicinal substances in the organism. Binding to 

plasma proteins. Anatomic barriers (blood-brain barrier, placenta barrier). Factors 

modifying distribution. Drugs deposition. 

11. Biotransformation. Stages of biotransformation. Microsomal oxidation, its 

inductors and inhibitors. The ways of drug excretion. 

12. Pharmacodynamics of medicinal drugs. Types of drugs action (main and sideeffects; 

direct and indirect action; local, reflexive and resorbtive action; selective, specific 

and non-specific action; reversible and irreversible action). 

13. Dose and concentration of medicinal substance, the definition of these 

concepts. Dependence of pharmacological effect on a dose and concentration of medicinal 

substance. Types of doses. The wideness of therapeutic action. Principles of dosage of 

medications to children and elderly persons. 

14. General mechanisms of drug action. Pharmacological receptors, the agonists, 

the antagonists and the agonists-antagonists of receptors. 

15. Dependence of pharmacological effect on drugs properties, factors connected 

with the organism (pathological state, biological rhythms, gender, age, genetic factors), 

climate, and anthropogenic factors. Features of reaction of child's organism on drugs. 

16. Drugs interaction. The characteristics of pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and 

pharmacodynamic drug interaction.

17. Combined action of medicinal drugs. Synergism (addition, potentiation), 

antagonism (physical, chemical, pharmacological). The significance of the phenomena of 

synergism and antagonism for a clinic. 

18. Side-effects of drugs and their types. Toxic action of drugs (overdose). 

Ideosyncrasy. Allergic reactios. Teratogenous and mutagenous effects, embryotoxicity, 

fetotoxicity. Cancerogenous action. 

19. Phenomena which are occurred after the repeated administrations of drugs: 

accumulation (material and functional), tolerance, tachyphylaxis, drugs dependence 

(physical, psychological). 

20. Classification of drugs affecting afferent nervous system. Astringents: Tannin, 

Bismuth subnitrate, the grass of st-john's-wort (herba Hyperici), flowers of chamomile (flos 

Chammomillae), leaves of Salvia. Mechanism of action. Indications. 

21. Covering and absorbing drugs: mucus from starch (mucilago Amyli) mucus from 

seeds of flax (semen Lini); activated charcoal (Carbo activatus), synthetic absorbents 

(Enterosgelum). Mechanism of action. Indications. Principles of hemo- and enterosorbtion. 

22. Local anesthetics: procaine (Novocainum), lidocaine (Lidocainum), 

Trimecainum, benzocaine (Anaesthesinum), tetracaine (Dicainum), articaine (Articainum) 

and its preparations: ultracaine, bupivacaine. Classification. Mechanism of action. 

Comparative characteristics of local anesthetics, choice of preparations for different types 

of anesthesia. The purpose of combination of local anesthetics with adrenomimetics. 

Resorbtive effects of local anesthetics. Side-effects and measures of their prevention and 

treatment. Toxicology of cocaine. 

23. Classification of drugs stimulating afferent nervous system. Irritants: solution of 

ammonia (Sol Ammonii caustici), menthol (Mentholum), mustard seeds (Charta Synapis), 

Turpentine oil (Ol. Terebintinae). Mechanism of action. Application. Bitters (tincture of 

Absinthium), emetics with reflexive and central action, laxatives (magnesium sulfate, 

antraglycosides containing preparations, castor oil (Ol. Ricini), gutalax, bisacodyl), 

expectorants with reflexive action. Common characteristics. Anti-emetic drugs: 

metoclopramide (cerucal), hyoscine, neuroleptics, antihistamines. 

24. The peculiarities of anatomy and physiology of autonomic nervous system. The 

mechanism of synaptic transmission. Localization of M- and N- cholinoreceptors. 

Classification of cholinergic drugs. Pharmacodynamics of M,-N-cholinomimetics: carbachol 

(Carbocholinum). 

25. Anticholinesterases. Classification. Mechanism of action, pharmacological 

effects, indications, side-effects. Comparative description of neostigmine (Proserinum), 

galanthamine (Galantamini hydrobromidum), pyridostigmine (Pyridostigmini 

bromidum).Poisoning by phospor organic compounds and its treatment. Pharmacology of 

cholinesterase re-activators (Alloximum, Dipiroximum). 

26. M-cholinomimetics: pilocarpine (Pilocarpini hydrocloridum), Aceclidinum. 

Pharmacodynamics, indications to usage. Toxic action of muscarine. Help at poisonings. 

27. N-cholinomimetics: Cytitonum, lobeline (Lobelini hydrochloridum). Mechanism of 

action, indications to usage in clinical practice. Toxic effects of nicotine. Application of Ncholinomimetics 

for the fight against smoking. 

28. M-cholinoblockers: atropine (Atropini sulfas), hyoscine (Scopolamini 

hydrobromidum), plathyphylline (Plathyphyllini hydrotartras), extract of Belladonna, 

Methacinum, Ipratropium bromide (atrovent), pirenzepine. Pharmacokinetics, 

pharmacodynamics and indications to usage of atropine. Comparative characteristics of 

other preparations, indications and side-effects. Main signs of poisoning by the plants 

which contain the M-cholinoblocking substances; treatment of poisoning. 

29. N-cholinoblockers. Classification of ganglion blockers: hexamethonium 

(Benzohexonium), Pirilenum, Pentaminum, Hygronium. Pharmacokinetrics, mechanism of 

2

action, pharmacodynamics. Comparative characteristics. Indications to application in a 

clinic. Contraindications, side-effects. 

30. Myorelaxants: tubocurarine (Tubocurarini chloridum), Pipecuronium bromidum, 

Arduanum, Mellictinum, Dythylinum (Lystenon). Classification on the mechanism of action 

and on the duration of effect. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tubocurarine. 

Comparative characteristics of other preparations. Application. Side-effects. Help in 

overdose. 

31. Modern information about adrenoceptors, their types and localization. 

Classification of adrenergic agonists.Pharmacological characteristics of adrenaline 

(Adrenalinei hydrochloridum), indications to use. Comparative characteristics of 

adrenomimetics: noradrenaline (Noradrenalini hydrotartras), ephedrine (Ephedrini 

hydrochloridum), phenylephrine (Mesatonum), naphazoline (Naphthyzinum), 

xylometazoline (halazolin), isoprenaline (Isadrinum), salbutamol, fenoterol (partusisten). 

32. Adrenergic antagonists. Classification. Alpha-adrenoblockers: phentolamine 

(Phentolamini hydrocloridum), prazosin, doxazozin. Mechanism of action and effects of 

beta-adrenoblockers: propranolol (Anaprilinum), talinolol, atenolol, metoprolol. Notion 

about intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Sympatholytics: reserpine (Resrpinum), 

guanethidine (Octadinum). Mechanism of action, application and side-effects. 

33. Common characteristics of general anesthesia (narcosis). History of discovering 

of general anesthetics. Types of narcosis. Drugs for general anesthesia and their 

classification. Drugs for inhalation narcosis: ether (Aether pro narcosi), isoflurane, nitrous 

oxide. Physical and chemical description. Mechanism of action. Wideness of narcosis 

action. Comparative characteristics. Side-effects and their prophylaxis. 

34. Drugs for IV anesthesia. Classification on duration of action. Pharmacological 

characteristics of thiopental sodium (Thyopentalum-natrium), ketamine (Ketalar), sodium 

oxybutyrate (Natrii oxibutiras), propofol (Propanididum). Combined application of drugs for 

general anesthesia with preparations of another pharmacological groups. Concepts of premedication, 

inductive narcosis, basis narcosis, combined narcosis. 

35. Alcohol (Spiritus aethylicus). Resorbtive and local action. Usage in a clinic. 

Acute poisoning and its treatment. Alcoholism as medical and social problem. Principles of 

pharmacological therapy of alcoholism. Mechanism of action of disulfiram (Teturamum). 

36. Hypnotics. Physiological role of sleep and normal sleep patterns. Classification 

of hypnotics on chemical structure. Phenobarbitone (Phenobarbitalum), nitrazepam, 

Bromizovalum, chloral hydrate, zopiclone, zolpidem. Classification. Pharmacokinetics, 

mechanism of action. Comparative characteristics. Usage. Side-effects. Acute poisoning 

with barbiturates and principles of its treatment. 

37. Narcotic analgesics and their antagonists: morphine (Morphini hydrochloridum), 

Omnoponum, codeine (Codeini phosphas), fentanyl (Phentanylum), pentazocine 

(Pentazocinum), trimeperidine (Promedolum), tramadol, buprenorphine. Classification. 

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, comparative characteristics, indications, side– 

effects. Acute poisoning with narcotic analgesics and main principles of its treatment. Drug 

dependence. Antagonists of narcotic analgesics: nalorphine (Nalorphini hydropchloridum), 

naloxone, naltrexone. 

38. Non-narcotic analgesics: aspirin (Acidum acetylsalicylicum), metamizol 

(Analginum), paracetamol (Acetaminophen), mephenamic acid (Acidum mefenamicum), 

ibuprofen, indomethacin, piroxicam, diclophenac (Diclophenac-natrium), meloxicam, 

celecoxib, Amizonum. Classification. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, comparative 

characteristics, application, side-effects. 

39. Antiepileptic drugs: phenobarbital (Phenobarbitalum), phenytoin (Dipheninum), 

carbamazepine (Finlepsinum), clonazepam, ethosuximide, sodium valproate, lamotridgine. 

Classification on clinical usage. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics. Indications. Side- 

3

effects. Preparations for termination of seizure attack (tranquilizers, myorelaxants, 

hypnotics, general anesthetics). 

40. Antiparkinsonian drugs: levodopa, nakom, amantadine (Midantanum), 

Cyclodolum. Classification. Main mechanisms of action. Clinical use. Drugs for treatment 

of skeletal muscles hypertone: benzodiazepins, GABA-ergic drugs, midocalm. Common 

description. 

41. Neuroleptics: chlorpromazine (Aminazinum), trifluoperazine (Triftazinum), 

fluphenazine (Phthorphenazinum), droperidol, haloperidol, clozapine, chloprprothixene, 

sulpiride. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics. 

Comparative characteristics. Indications. Side-effects. Notion about neuroleptanalgesia. 

42. Tranquilizers: chlordiazepoxide (Chlozepidum), diazepam (Sibazonum), 

Phenazepamum, medazepam, gidazepam. Classification. Mechanism of action. 

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics. Indications. Side-effects and their prevention. 

Notion about “day-time” tranquilizers and atypical tranquilizers. Ataralgesia. 

43. Sedative drugs: sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum), infusion from roots of 

valerian, Corvaldinum. Pharmacokinetics of bromides. Pharmacodynamics of sedative 

drugs. Indications and side-effects. Notion about bromism, its treatment and prevention. 

Lithium preparations: lithium carbonate. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, 

indications, side-effects. Acute poisoning with lithium salts and its treatment. 

44. CNS stimulants. Classification. Psychomotor stimulants:сaffeine (Coffeini-natrii 

benzoas), sydnocarb. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics. Indications and 

contraindications. Side-effects. Notion about psychodisleptics and amphetamines, drug 

dependence on these agents. 

45. Antidepressants: imipramine (Imizinum), amitriptyline, Pirazidolum, fluoxetine. 

Classification on mechanism of action and chemical structure. Pharmacokinetics, 

pharmacodynamics, comparative characteristics. Side-effects. 

46. Nootrops: piracetam (Nootropil), cavinton, sermion (Nicergoline), 

pentoxyphylline, sodium oxybutyrate (Natrii oxybutiras) Classification. Mechanism of 

action. Pharmacological effects. Indications. 

47. Adaptogens and actoprotectors: extract of Eleutherococcus, tincture of Ginseng, 

tincture of Shizandra, Pantocrinum, Bemithylum Pharmacodynamics. Comparative 

characteristic. Indications. 

48. Analeptics: caffeine (Coffeini-natrii benzoas), nikethamide (Cordiaminum), 

camphor (Camphora), Sulfacamphocainum, Bemegridum, Aethimizolum, Carbogenum. 

Classification on mechanism of action and chemical structure. Pharmacokinetics, 

pharmacodynamics. Indications. Side-effects. 

49. Antitussives: codeine (Codeini phosphas), oxeladine, libexin, glauvent (Glaucini 

hydrochloridum). Mechanism of action. Application. Side-effects. 

50. Expectorants: infusion from the grass of Thermopsis, decoction from the root of 

Althea, Mucaltinum, trypsin (Trypsinum crystallisatum), Ambroxolum, bromhexine, 

acetylcysteine. Classification. Pharmacodynamics. Indications. Side-effects. Stimulants of 

surfactant synthesis (Ambroxolum) and their pharmacological characteristics. 

Preparations, which are subject of study 

Natrii oxybutiras – amp. 20% sol. – 10 ml 

Ketaminum –flac.1% sol. –20 ml 

Zolpidem – tab. 0,01 

Natrii valproas – tab. 0,3 

Carbamazepinum – tab.0,2 

Nitrazepamum – tab.0,005 

Phenobarbitalum – tab.0,1 

Levodopa – caps. 0,025 

4

Мorphini hydrochloridum – amp. 1% sol. –1 ml 

Promedolum – amp. 1% (or 2%) sol. – 1 ml 

Tramadolum – tab. 0,05; amp. 5% sol. – 1 ml 

Naloxoni hydrochloridum – amp. 0,04 % sol. –1 ml (1ml – 0,0004) 

Analginum – tab. 0,5; amp. 50% sol. –2 ml 

Acidum acethylsalicylicum – tab. 0,5 

Diclofenac-natrium – tab. 0,025; amp. 2,5% sol. – 2 ml 

Paracetamolum – tab.0,2; rectal supp. 0,15 

Celecoxibum – caps.0.1 

Aminazinum – drag. 0,025; amp. 2,5 % sol. –1 ml 

Droperidolum – amp. 0,25% sol. –10 ml 

Gidazepamum – tab. 0,01 

Phenazepamum – tab.0,0005 (or 0,001) 

Sibazonum – tab. 0,005; amp. 0,5% sol. – 2 ml 

Тіncturа Valerianae – bottles on 30 ml 

Coffeini-natriі benzoas – tab. 0,1; amp. 10% sol. – 1 ml 

Amitriptylinum – tab. 0,025; amp. 1% sol. – 2 ml 

Fluoxetinum – caps. 0,02 

Cordіaminum – bottles on 15 ml; amp. on 1 ml 

Aethimizolum – amp. 1,5% sol. – 2 ml 

Sulfocamphocainum – amp. 10% sol. – 2 ml 

Pyracetamum – tab. 0,4; amp. 20% sol. – 5 ml 

Novocainum – amp. 2% sol. (or 0,5% sol.) – 5 ml 

Lidocainum – amp. 2% sol. (or 10% sol.) – 2 ml 

Anaesthesinum – 5% aspersion; 5% ointment; 5% paste, rectal supp. 0,1 

Adrenalini hydrochloridum – amp. 0.1% sol. – 1 ml 

Noradrenalini hydrotartras – amp. 0,2% sol. – 1 ml 

Mesatonum – amp. 1% sol. – 1 ml 

Isadrinum – tab. 0,005; flac. on 25 ml of 0,5% sol. (for inhalation) 

Salbutamolum – aerosolum 10 ml 

Fenoterolum (Partusisten) – tab.0,005; amp. on 10 ml 

Prazosinum – tab.0,001 

Anaprilinum – tab.0,01; amp. 0,01 % sol. –1 ml 

Metoprololum – tab. 0,1 (or 0,05) 

Reserpinum – tab. 0,0001 

Atropini sulfas – tab. 0,0005; amp. 0,1% sol. – 1 ml; bottles on 5 ml of 1% sol. (eye drops) 

Plathyphyllini hydrotartras – amp. 0,2 % sol. – 1 ml 

Pirenzepinum – tab. 0,05 

Ipratropii bromidum – aerosolum 15 ml 

Рilocarpini hydrochloridurn – bottles on 10 ml of 1% sol. (eye drops) 

Proserinum – tab.0,015; amp. 0,05% sol. – 1 ml 

Galanthamini hydrobromidum – amp. 1 % sol. – 1 ml 

Alloximum – amp. on 0,075 

Tubocurarini chloridum – amp. 1 % sol. – 1,5 ml 

Dithylinum –amp. 2 % sol. – 10 ml 

Dimedrolum – tab.0,05; amp. 1% sol. – 1 ml 

Loratadinum – tab.0,01 

Suprastinum – tab.0,025; amp. 2,5 % sol. – 1 ml 

Magnesii sulfas –amp. 25% sol. – 10 ml 

Dimedrolum – tab.0,05; amp. 1% sol. – 1 ml 

Tanninum – 0,5 and 5% sol. 

Sol. Ammonii caustici –amp. on 1 ml or bottles on 30 ml of 10% sol. (for external use) 

5

Ambroxolum – tab. 0,003; sirupus 100 ml 

Mentholum – 1% ointment for nose 

Apomorphini hydrochloridum – amp. 1% sol. – 1 ml 

Theophyllinum – tab.0,3 

Acetylcysteinum – tab.0,001 

Glaucini hydrochloridum – tab.0,05 

Tests 

1. Non-liquid dosed medicinal forms are 

– Tablets 

– Capsules 

– Powders for internal use 

– Powders for external use 

– Tablets, capsules, and powders for internal use 

2. Liquid dosed medicinal forms are 

– Eye drops 

– Liniments 

– Drops for taking inside 

– Solutions for taking inside 

– Both drops for taking inside and solutions for taking inside 

3. Solid non-dosed medicinal form is only 

– Capsules 

– Ampoules 

– Ointments 

– Aspersions 

– Eye drops 

4. Soft non-dosed medicinal forms are all except 

– Liniments 

– Pastes 

– Ointments 

– Gels 

– Ampoules 

5. Non-dosed medicinal form which must be sterile 

– Capsules 

– Ampoules 

– Ointments 

– Aspersions 

– Eye drops 

6. Soft dosed medicinal form used only in gynecology is 

– Solutions 

– Rectal suppositories 

– Ointments 

– Vaginal suppositories 

– Drops 

7. Medicinal forms for injections should be 

– Sterile 

6

– Homogenic 

– Apyrogenic 

– Isotonic 

– Sterile, homogenic and apyrogenic at the same time 

8. Liquid forms from medicinal plants are all except 

– Infusions 

– Decoctions 

– Tinctures 

– Liquid extracts 

– Ointments 

9. Weight margins for dosed powders are 

– 0,1-1,0 

– 0,01-0.1 

– 0,1-0,5 

– 1,0 – 5,0 

– 1,0 – 10,0 

10. Solutions for internal use are prescribed overage on 

– 12 administrations 



– 1 administration 

– None of above listed 

11. Drops for internal use are prescribed overage on 


– 5 - 10 administrations 

– 20 - 30 administrations 

– 1 administration 


12. Pastes are 

– Dense ointments 

– Liquid ointments 

– Very fine powders 

– Water extractions from medicinal plants 

– Alcohol extractions from medicinal plants 

13. Liniments are 

– Dense ointments 

– Liquid ointments 

– Very fine powders 

– Forms for injections 

– Forms for internal use 

14. Aspersions always contain 

– Inert dry substances 

– Distilled water 

– Vaseline 

– Alcohol 

7

– None of listed 

15. Contents of dry substances in paste should be 

– Less than 25% 

– More than 25% 

– 25% - 65% 

– 65% - 100% 


16. Constituens in ointments may be represented by all except 

– Glycerin 

– Eugenol 

– Vaseline oil 

– Formalin 

– Vaseline 

17. Main rules of prescribing are 

– In Latin 

– By ink or ball pen 

– Without corrections 

– With physician’s signature and stamp 

– All listed 

18. Doses of dry substances in prescriptions are indicated in 

– Grams 

– Milligrams 

– Kilograms 

– Milliliters 

– Liters 

19. Doses of liquids in prescriptions are indicated in 

– Grams 

– Milligrams 

– Kilograms 

– Milliliters 

– Liters 

20. Main rules of prescribing of poisons and narcotic drugs are 

– Form №1; physician’s signature and stamp at the end of prescription 



– Form №3; physician’s signature and stamp of the hospital at the end of prescription 

– Form №3; physician’s signature and stamp at the end of prescription + signature of the 

head of the clinic and stamp of the hospital 

21. Parts of prescription which are written in Latin 

– Inscription 

– Subscription 

– Signature 

– Designation of materials 

– Designation of material and subscription 

8

22. Parts of prescription which are written in the state language 

– Inscription 

– Subscription 

– Signature 

– Designation of materials 

– Both inscription and signature 

23. Absorbtion is: 

– Drug’s penetration from the site of administration into the blood 

– Drug’s penetration from the blood into tissues 

– Chemical transformation of the drug 

– Drugs interaction 

– Binding to plasma proteins 

24. The main reactions of biotransformation stage I are 

– Glycolysis 

– Conjugation 

– Hydrolysis 

– Microsomal oxidation 

– Lipid peroxidation 

25. Drugs are transported in connection with 

– Albumens 

– Nucleic acids 

– Phospolipids 

– Salts ions 


26. In blood plasma drugs are transported 

– In connection with albumens 

– In connection with lipoproteins 

– In connection with blood cells 

– In water fraction 


27. Drugs are excreted with all liquids except 

– Gastric juice 

– Urine 

– Bile 

– Saliva 

– Nursing mother’s milk 

28. Drug excretion is 

– Metabolism of the drug in the body 

– Penetration of the drug into the blood from the site of its administration 

– Penetration through tissue barriers 

– Inactivation of the drug 

– Taking out of the drug 

29. Drug elimination includes 

– Absorbtion and distribution 

– Transport and biotransformation 

9

– Penetration through tissue barriers 

– Distribution and biotransformation 

– Biotransformation and excretion 

30. Main mechanisms of renal excretion are 

– Microsomal oxidation 

– Filtration, tubule secretion and reabsorbtion 

– Passive diffusion 

– Filtration through pores 


31. Main mechanisms of drugs crossing through cell membrane are 

– Active transport 

– Endocytosis 




32. Energy-dependent mechanism of drugs crossing through cell membrane is 


– Phagocytosis 




33. Energy-independent mechanism of drugs crossing through cell membrane is 


– Endocytosis 


– “Biological pumps” 


34. Routs of administration suitable for emergence help are all except 

– Sublingual 

– Oral 

– By inhalation 

– By injection 

– Rectal 

35. Drugs administered by injections 

– Have slow onset of action 

– Must be sterile 

– Are not suitable for emergence help 

– Do not need special equipment 

– Are not accompanied by trauma and pain 

36. Drugs administered orally 

– Have slow onset of action 

– Must be sterile 

– Are suitable for emergence help 

– Need special equipment 

– Accompanied by trauma of skin and pain 

10

37. Sublingual administration is characterized by 

– Slow onset of action 

– Rapid onset of action and absence of first-pass metabolism 

– Absorbtion of the drug in the stomach 

– Intensive first-pass metabolism in the liver 

– Trauma of skin and pain 

38. Enteral rout of administration is only 

– Oral 

– Intranasal 

– IV 

– SC 

– Topical application 

39. Pharmacokinetics studies 

– Mechanism of action 

– Main effects 

– Side-effects 

– Metabolism of drugs 

– Combined action of drugs 

40. Pharmacokinetics studies 

– Types of doses 



– Effects after repeated drugs administration 

– Absorbtion and distribution of drugs 

41. Pharmacodynamics studies all except 

– Mechanism of action 



– Effects after repeated drugs administration 

– Drugs elimination 

42. All concerning doses of drugs is correct except 

– Single dose is the dose for one administration 

– Therapeutical dose may be minimal, overage, and maximal 

– LD-50 causes the death of 50% of animals in experiments 

– Supporting dose is high dose at the start of treatment 

– Toxic dose is the amount of drug causing poisoning 

43. Local action is 

– Action after absorbtion into the blood 

– Action in the site of administration 

– Action by reflexes 

–Short-durative action 

– Irreversible action 

44. Resorbtive action is 

– Action after absorbtion into the blood 

11

– Action in the site of administration 

– Action by reflexes 

– Reversible action 


45. All concerning drugs action is true except 

– Action may be reversible and irreversible 

– Reflexive action is due reflexes from the site of drug application 

– Local action is the action after absorbtion into the blood 

– Direct action is the action on target organ 

– Indirect action is the action on organ by influence on another one 

46. Tachyphylaxis is 

– The form of drug’s accumulation 

– The form of biotransformation 

– Rapid form of tolerance 

– Manifestation of drug dependence 


47. Notions connected with combined action of medications are 

– Synergism and antagonism 

– Material accumulation 

– Drug dependence 

– Tolerance and tachyphylaxis 

– Elimination and excretion 

48. All listed is true except 

– Tolerance is the decrease in drug’s action after its repeated administration 

– Drugs’ interaction may be pharmaceutical and pharmacological 

– Idiosyncrasy is the form of allergy 

– Teratogeneous action is negative drug’s influence on embrio and fetus 

– Cancerogeneous action is drug’s ability to initiate malignant tumor 

49. Adverse effects are represented by 

– Accumulation 

– Direct toxic action 

– Antagonism 

– Synergism 

– Addition 

50. Repeated application of drug may cause all listed except 

– Pharmaceutical interaction 

– Tolerance 

– Physical dependence 

– Functional accumulation 

– Psychological dependence 

51. Pharmacological receptor is 

– Protein molecule specifically binding with the drug 

– Target cell affected by the drug 

– Target organ affected by the drug 

– Synaptic structure 

12


52. Agonist of pharmacological receptor is 

– Drug stimulating receptor 

– Drug inhibiting receptor 

– Drug stimulating one subtype of receptor and inhibiting another one 

– Drug bound to receptor 

– Drug without affinity to receptor 

53. Antagonist of pharmacological receptor is 






54. Agonist-antagonist of pharmacological receptor is 






55. Pharmacological receptors are located 

– On internal surface of cell membrane 

– On external surface of cell membrane 

– In nucleus 

– In cytoplasma 


56. All concerning drugs allergy is true except 

– It is side-effect 

– It is developed after sensitization 

– It may be in the form of anaphylaxis 

– It is developed after the first administration of drug 

– It is treated by antihistamines 

57. All concerning idiosyncrasy is true except 

– It is side-effect 

– It is genetically determined 

– It may be in the form of anaphylaxis 

– It is developed after the first administration of drug 

– It is occurred in patients with deficit of G-6-PDG treated by antimalarial drugs 

58. If one drug exerts effect A and potentiates another drug with effect B, their 

common action C may by represented as 

– A+B=C 

– A+B>C 

– A+B

59. If one drug exerts effect A and displays addition to another drug with effect B, 

their common action C may by represented as 

– A+B=C 

– A+B>C 

– A+BC 

– A+BC 

– All is not correct 

61. Drugs synergism is used 

– For potentiation of general anesthesia 

– For antidote therapy of poisonings 

– For pharmaceutical drugs interaction 

– For prophylaxis of drugs side-effects 


62. Drugs antagonism is used 

– For potentiation of general anesthesia 

– For antidote therapy of poisonings 

– For pharmaceutical drugs interaction 

– For prophylaxis of drugs side-effects 


63. Interaction between tetracycline and calcium salts during the absorbtion is 

– Pharmaceutical drugs interaction 

– Pharmacokinetic drugs interaction 

– Pharmacodynamic drugs interaction 

– Physiological antagonism 

– Drugs combined action 

64. All concerning tolerance is true except 

– It is a result of repeated drug administration 

– It is displayed in decrease of drugs efficacy 

– It is displayed in allergic reactions 

– It is overcome by increase in dose of drug 

– It is due to activation of microsomal oxidation 

65. Material accumulation is concerning 



– Adverse effects of drugs 

– Main effects of drugs 

– Repeated administration of drugs 

66. Functional accumulation is concerning 

14



– Adverse effects of drugs 

– Main effects of drugs 

– Repeated administration of neurotropic drugs 

67. The drug enters the rest of the body before first-pass metabolism after 

– IV administration 

– Oral administration 

– Transdermal administration 

– Topical application 


68. Anaphylactic shock caused by penicillin G is 

– Direct toxic effect 

– Manifestation of idiosyncrasy 

– Allergic reaction 

– Manifestation of tolerance 

– Teratogeneous action 

69. Secondary malignance caused by leukopoiesis inhibitors is 

– Direct toxic effect 



– Cancerogeneous action 


70. Neurotoxicity of streptomycin is 






71. “Tetracycline teeth” in baby caused by tetracycline which his mother used in the 

period of pregnance are the manifestation of 


– Idiosyncrasy 




72. Hemolysis of red blood cells caused by quinine in patients with deficit of 

glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase is 


– Idiosyncrasy 




73. Loss of pain sensation in the site of administration of lidocaine is 

– Local action 

15

– Resorbtive action 

– Reflexive action 

– Selective action 


74. Anti-arrhythmic action of lidocaine after its aborbtion into the blood is 


– Resorbtive action 


– Selective action 


75. Anti-cancer drugs disturb reduplication of DNA, so they have 

– Genom-tropic mechanism of action 

– Membrane- tropic mechanism of action 

– Enzyme- tropic mechanism of action 

– Receptor mechanism of action 


76. Procaine disturbs sodium ions transport through membrane, so it has 






77. Neostigmine blocks acetylcholine esterase, so it has 






78. Atropine blocks M-cholinoreceptors, so it has 






79. Cardiac glycosides act on myocardium, improve blood circulation in the kidney 

and increase diuresis. It is 

– Direct action on kidney 

– Indirect action on kidney 

– Local action in kidney 

– Reflexive action on kidney 


80. Cardiac glycosides act on myocardium and increase its contractions and tone. It 

is 

– Direct action 

– Indirect action 

16




81. Validolum irritates nerve endings in mucous membrane of oral cavity, initiates 

reflexes and delays coronary spasm. It is 

– Direct action 

– Indirect action 




82. Anti-cancer antibiotic adriamycin disturbs reduplication of DNA and causes cell 

death. It is 


– Reversible action 



– Adverse action 

83. Half-life of the drug is 

– Duration of drug’s action 

– The time during which concentration of the drug is decreased in 2 times 

– The time during which concentration of the drug is decreased in 4 times 

– The time during which the drug is completely eliminated 

– The time during which the drug is completely excreted 

84. Quantitative characteristics of drug’s pharmacokinetics are all except 

– Half-life 

– Clearance 

– Volume of distribution 

– Bioavailability 

– Tolerance 

85. All concerning biotransformation of drugs is true except 

– Stage I reactions are non-synthetic 

– Stage II reactions are synthetic 

– Microsomal drug oxidation/reduction system is the P-450 system 

– Cytochrome P-450 is inducible 

– The P-450 system is not responsible for the metabolism of many drugs 

86. Inducers of microsomal oxidation are drugs which 

– Increase the activity of cytochrome P-450 

– Decrease the activity of cytochrome P-450 

– Increase the activity of glucuronide conjugation 

– Inhibit all liver enzymes 

– Induce all liver enzymes 

87. Inhibitors of microsomal oxidation are drugs which 

– Increase the activity of cytochrome P-450 

– Decrease the activity of cytochrome P-450 

– Increase the activity of glucuronide conjugation 

17

– Inhibit all liver enzymes 

– Induce all liver enzymes 

88. Phenobarbital is the inducer of microsomal oxidation, that’s why it changes 

biotransformation of another drugs 

– Co-administered drugs are biotransformed more rapidly 

– Co-administered drugs are biotransformed more slowly 

– Co-administered drugs are accumulated in the body 

– Co-administered drugs are excreted more rapidly 

– Co-administered drugs are not biotransformed 

89. Metronidazole is the inhibitor of microsomal oxidation, that’s why it changes 

biotransformation of another drugs 

– Co-administered drugs are biotransformed more rapidly 

– Co-administered drugs are biotransformed more slowly 

– Co-administered drugs are accumulated in the body 

– Co-administered drugs are excreted more rapidly 

– Co-administered drugs are not biotransformed 

90. Dose of drug for child should be 

– More than adult dose 

– Similar to adult dose 

– Less than adult dose 

– Minimal therapeutic dose 

– Threshold dose 

91. Dose of drug for elderly patients should be 

– More than adult dose 

– Similar to adult dose 

– Less than adult dose 

– Minimal therapeutic dose 

– Threshold dose 

92. After stage I of biotrasformation 

– All metabolites are active 

– All metabolites are inactive 

– Metabolites are active and inactive 

– Metabolites are not formed 


93. After stage II of biotrasformation 

– All metabolites are active 

– All metabolites are inactive 

– Metabolites are active and inactive 

– Metabolites are not formed 


94. If the drug is unbound in plasma, it 

– Is active and has rapid onset of action 

– Is inactive 

– Has slow onset of action 

– Does not enter tissues 

18

– Is not metabolized in the liver 

95. Cholinomimetics may cause all the following side-effects except 

– Bradycardia 

– Bronchospasm 

– Hypersalivation 

– Constipation and urinary retention 

– Sweating 

96. Ephedrine exerts all effects except 

– Releases stored noradrenaline from nerve terminals 

– Produces bronchodilatation 

– Stimulates CNS 

– Rises systolic blood pressure 

– Produces atrio-ventricular block 

97. Propranolol (Anaprilinum) is effective in the treatment of hypertension due to 

– Blockage of β2 –adrenoceptors and increase in peripheral vascular tone 

– Blockage of β1 –adrenocptors and decrease of cardiac output 

– Inhibition of norepinephrine release from presynaptic membrane 

– Myotropic action 

– Action on CNS 

98. Anticholinesterases are used for treatment of all diseases except 

– Atropine (belladonna) poisoning 

– Postoperative paralytic ileus (atonia of intestines) 

– Overdose of depolarizing myorelaxants 

– Myasthenia gravis 

– Glaucoma 

99. Dobutamine is selective β-adrenomimetic for treatment of 

– Acute heart failure 

– Bronchial asthma 

– Tachycardia 

– Hypertension 

– Angina pectoris 

100. Side-effects of sympatholytics are all except 

– Hypotension 

– Dry mouth 

– Bradycadria 

– Gastritis 

– Disturbances of sleeping 

101. The following information concerning anticholinesterases is correct except 

– They are used for treatment of paralysis 

– Galanthamine penetrates through blood-brain barrier 

– Phosphacolum is longer acting than neostigmine (Proserinum) 

– Reactivators of cholinesterase are used in treatment of belladonna poisoning 

– Reactivators of cholinesterase are effective in the poisoning with organophosphates 

102. Atropine causes 

19

– Spasm of accomodation 

– Cycloplegia 

– Miosis 

– Decrease in intraocular pressure 

– Any ocular effects 

103. Atropine exerts 

– Spasm of smooth muscles 


– Decrease in gastric secretion 

– Increase in salivation 

– Increase in sweat secretion 

104. Atropine is M-cholinoblocker which causes 

– Spasm of bronchi 

– Dilation of bronchi 

– Hypersecretion of bronchial glands 

– Increase in motility of the gut 

– Increase in tone of urinary bladder 

105. Atropine blocks 

– M-cholinoreceptors of all subtypes 

– M1-cholinoreceptors 

– N-cholinoreceptors of all subtypes 

– N-cholinoreceptors of ganglionic subtype 

– N-cholinoreceptors of muscular subtype 

106. Atropine is 

– Non-celective cholinoblocker 

– Selective cholinoblocker 

– Non-selective adrenergic agonist 

– Selective adrenergic agonist 

– Non-selective adrenergic antagonist 

107. Ipratropium bromide is used to treat 


– Peptic ulcer of stomach 

– Colics 

– Bradicardia 

– Kinetosis 

108. Indications to use of atropine are all except 

– Gastric ulcer 

– Colic 

– Atonia of the gut after the surgery 


– Preanesthetic medication 

109. Indications to use of atropine are all except 

– Poisoning with morphine 

– Poisoning with antichlolinesterases 

– Poisoning with toxic mushrooms containing muscarine 

20

– Prevention of vagal action of general anesthetics 

– Belladonna poisoning 

110. Side-effects of atropine are all except 

– Glaucoma 

– Urinary retention 

– Dry mouth 


– Frequent urination 

111. Isoprenaline (Isadrinum) is 

– Indicated in tachyarrhythmia 

– Natural catecholamine 

– Bronchodilator 

– Depressant of heart function 

– Cardioselective adrenomimetic 

112. The most long lasting cycloplegia is caused by 

– Adrenaline 

– Atropine 

– Scopolamine 

– Platyphylline 

– Methacinum 

113. Adrenaline is used to treat all diseases except 

– Acute bronchial asthma 

– Hypoglycemic coma 

– Anaphylactic shock 


– Heart arrest 

114. Neostigmine is characterized by 

– High ability to penetrate CNS 

– Effectiveness in treatment of paralysis 

– Irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase 

– Effectiveness in treating of gastric ulcer 

– Its ability to cause block of ganglia 

115. Pirenzepine is beneficial in the treatment of 

– Colics 

– Bronchospasm 

– Atrio-ventricular block 

– Gastric peptic ulcer 

– Prevention of vagal reactions during general anesthesia 

116. The drug used to prevent premature labor is 

– Dobutamine 

– Metoprolol 

– Isadrinum 


– Partusisten (Fenoterol) 

21

117. Cholinoblockers which may cause dry mouth as side-effect are all except 

– Hyoscine 

– Atropine 

– Methacinum 

– Pilocarpine 

– Platyphylline 

118. α-adrenoblockers are used for all the following except 

– Diagnostics of pheochromocytoma 

– Treatment of pheochromocytoma 

– Treatment of Raynaud's disease (spasms of blood vessels) 

– Treatment of hypertension 

– Treatment of angina pectoris 

119. M-cholinoblocker used in motion sickness is 

– Scopolamine 

– Atropine 

– Plathyphylline 

– Pirenzepine 

– Ipratropium bromide 

120. Decrease in vascular tone following reserpine administration is due to 

– Antagonism of noradrenaline action 

– Depletion of noradrenaline store 

– Inhibition of MAO 

– Inhibition of noradrenaline synthesis 

– Direct relaxation of smooth muscle of blood vessels 

121. Dimedrolum is applied in a clinic for all except 

– Treatment of gastric ulcer 

– Allergic dermatitis 

– Allergic complications of pharmacological therapy 

– Hemorrhagical diathesis 

– Treatment of insomnia 

122. Pain in skeletal muscles may complicate the use of 

– Lobeline 

– Mellictinum 

– D-tubocurarine 

– Succinylcholine (Dithylinum) 

– Neostigmine 

123. The following statement concerning prazosin is not correct 

– It blocks α1-adrenoceptors 

– It causes vasodilatation 

– It blocks α2-adrenoreceptors 

– It does not cause tachycardia 

– It is used to treat hypertension 

124. Adrenаline is used for prolongation of local anesthesia due to 


– Inhibition of gut motility 

22

– Hyperglycemia 

– Inhibiting of absorbtion of local anesthetic due to vasoconstriction 

– Stimulation of heart work 

125. Hyoscine (scopolamine) differs from atropine in all except 

– It has central nervous system depressant action 

– Mydriasis is longer than that of atropine 

– Mydriasis is briefer than that of atropine 

– It is effective in prevention of kinetosis (motion sickness) 

– It causes amnesia 

126. All the following are the indications for clinical use of propranolol (Anaprilinum), 

except 

– Hypertension 

– Tachyarrhythmia 

– Raynaud's disease (spasms of blood vessels) 


– Myocardial infarction 

127. α-adrenomimetics cause 

– Increase in blood pressure 

– Cycloplegia 

– Miosis 

– Bronchodilation 


128. α-adrenomimetics applied topically on mucous membrane of the nose cause 

– Increase in blood pressure 

– Spasm of accomodation and miosis 

– Vasoconctriction and decrease in exudation 



129. Pilocarpine is 

– M-cholinoblocker 

– Used for investigation of eye bottom 

– Used for selection of glasses 

– Used for treatment of glaucoma 

– Used in patients with bronchial asthma 

130. In the case of Belladonna poisoning neostigmine will antagonize the following 

symptoms except 

– Palpitation 

– Dryness of mouth 

– Hallucination 

– Blurring of vision 

– Urinary retention 

131. α-adrenoceptor blockers may cause the following side-effect 

– Postural hypotension 

– Reflex bradycardia 

– Decrease in intestinal motility 

23

– Hypersalivation 

– Disturbances in taste sensation 

132. α-adrenoblockers may cause the following side-effects except 

– Postural hypotension 

– Reflex tachycardia 

– Increase in intestinal motility 

– Inhibition of ejaculation 

– Constipation 

133. The patient is suffering from myastenia gravis. The drug for his treatment is 


– Lobeline 

– Atropine 



134. The patient is suffering from paralysis after insult. The drug for its treatment is 

– Galanthamine 

– Lobeline 

– Atropine 



135. Belladonna poisoning is diagnosed in a patient. The antidote in this poisoning 

is 


– Lobeline 

– Aceclidinum 



136. A patient with glaucoma is prescribed with M-cholinomimetic. This drug is 


– Lobeline 

– Cytitonum 



137. Pirenzepine was prescribed to treat gastric ulcer. It is from the group of 

– M-cholinergic agonists 

– M,N-cholinergic agonists 

– N-cholinergic agonists 

– Non-selective M-cholinoblockers 

– Selective M-cholinoblockers 

138. Lobeline was given IV in respiratory arrest. It is from the group of 

– M-cholinergic agonists 

– M-, N-cholinergic agonists 

– N- cholinergic agonists 

– Anticholinesterases 

– M-cholinoblockers 

24

139. Lobeline 

– Stimulates M-cholinergic receptors 

– Stimulates M- and N-cholinergic receptors 

– Stimulates N-cholinergic receptors 

– Is myorelaxant 

– Is ganglionic blocker 

140. Stimulation of respiration by Cytitonum is due to 

– Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors in CNS 

– Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors in adrenal medula 

– Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors in zona carotis 

– Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors in skeletal muscles 

– Stimulation of N-cholinergic receptors in ganglia 

141. Myorelaxation caused by tubocurarine is due to 

– Blockage of N-cholinergic receptors in CNS 

– Blockage of N-cholinergic receptors in adrenal medula 

– Blockage of N-cholinergic receptors in zona carotis 

– Blockage of N-cholinergic receptors in skeletal muscles 

– Blockage of N-cholinergic receptors in ganglia 

142. Tubocurarine is 

– Antidepolarizing myorelaxant 

– Depolarizing myorelaxant 

– Local anesthetic 

– General anesthetic 

– Anticholinesterase 

143. Overdose of tubocurarine should be treated with 


– Reactivators of cholinesterase 

– Lobeline 

– Atropine 

– Apomorphine 

144. Myorelaxation by tubocurarine is used 

– In surgeries under general anesthesia 

– In diagnostic investigations 

– In shock 

– In local anesthesia 

– In all listed cases 

145. All concerning pharmacokinetics of adrenaline is true except 

– It is administered SC 

– It is used topically 

– It is well absorbed in the gut 

– It is destroyed in the blood 

– Its duration of action is 15-30 min 

146. Adrenaline (topically) stops capillary bleeding due to 


25

– Stimulation of heart contractions 

– Increase in glucose level in blood 

– Increase in BP 

– Constriction of blood vessels 

147. Noradrenaline is administered in 


– Bleeding 

– Heart arrest 

– Arrhythmia 

– Collapse 

148. Adremomimetic for intracardial administration in heart arrest is 


– Noradrenaline 

– Ephedrine 

– Isoprenaline (Isadrinum) 

– Salbutamol 

149. Indirect acting adrenomimetic with psychostimulant action is 



– Ephedrine 



150. Adrenomimetic which may cause tolerance and drug dependence is 


– Phenylephrin (Mezatonum) 

– Ephedrine 



151. A patient has bronchial asthma co-existing with tachycardia. In this case the 

best preparation is 



– Ephedrine 



152. Adrenergic agonist in the form of nasal drops is 

– Phenylephrin (Mezatonum) 


– Naphazoline (Naphthizinum) 



153. True information concerning the location of cholinergic receptors is 

– M- cholinergic receptors are situated in CNS 

– M- cholinergic receptors are situated in exocrinal glands 

– M- cholinergic receptors are situated in smooth muscles 

26

– M- cholinergic receptors are situated in myocardium 


154. True information concerning the location of cholinergic receptors is 

– N- cholinergic receptors are situated in CNS 

– N- cholinergic receptors are situated in ganglia 

– N- cholinergic receptors are situated in skeletal muscles 

– N- cholinergic receptors are situated in zona carotis 


155. True information concerning cholinergic receptors is 

– M-cholinergic receptors are stimulated by muscarine and inhibited by atropine 

– N-cholinergic receptors are stimulated and inhibited by tubocurarine 

– N- cholinergic receptors are stimulated by ganglionic blockers 

– M- and N-cholinergic receptors are not located in CNS 

– N-cholinergic receptors are not stimulated and inhibited by nicotine 

156. True information concerning the location of adrenoceptors is 

– α1-adrenoceptors are located in blood vessels 

– α2-adrenoceptors are located on presynaptic membrane of all sympathetic synapses 

– β1 - adrenoceptors are located in the heart 

– β2 -adrenoceptors are located in bronchi 

– All mentioned 

157. True information concerning adrenoceptors is 

– α1-adrenoceptors are located in blood vessels and constrict them 

– β2 -adrenoceptors are located in blood vessels and dilate them 

– β1 - adrenoceptors are located in the heart and stimulate heart work 

– β2 -adrenoceptors are located in bronchi and dilate them 

– All mentioned 

158. Succinylcholine (Dithylinum) is 

– Depolarizing myorelaxant 

– Anti- depolarizing myorelaxant 

– Anticholinesterase 

– Adrenergic agent 

– Anesthetic 

159. Succinylcholine (Dithylinum) 

– Is depolarizing myorelaxant 

– Has short duration of action 

– May cause long-lasting apnea in some patients 

– Anesthetic for short surgeries 


160. If succinylcholine has caused apnea, emergence help is 


– Reactivators of cholinesterase 

– Blood transfusion and apparatous lungs ventilation 

– Forced diuresis 

– Adrenaline (intracardialy) 

27

161. Succinylcholine causes long-lasting apnea in patients with 

– Deficit of pseudo cholinesterase 

– Deficit of MAO 

– Deficit of COMT 

– Deficit of G-6-PDG 


162. Ganglionic blockers 

– Block N-cholinoreceptors in parasympathetic ganglia 

– Block N-cholinoreceptors in sympathetic ganglia 

– Block N-cholinoreceptors in skeletal muscles 

– Block N-cholinoreceptors in CNS 

– Block N-cholinoreceptors both in parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia 

163. Ganglionic blockers are used in all cases except 

– Collapse 

– Colic 

– Acute hypertension 

– Controlled hypotension in surgeries 

– Bronchial asthma attack 

164. Only one preparation belongs to ganglionic blockers 

– Hexamethonium (Benzohexonium) 

– Succinylcloline 

– Tubocurarine 

– Atropine 

– Hyoscine (Scopolamine) 

165. Hygronium is used in 

– Collapse 

– Bleeding from bigger blood vessels 

– Controlled hypotension 

– Neuroleptanalgesia 

– Thrombosis 

166, To treat allergic complications of drugs therapy they use 

– Blockers of H1-histamine receptors 

– Blockers of H2-histamine receptors 

– Blockers of adrenergic receptors 

– Blockers cholinergic receptors 

– Cholinergic agonists 

167. A patient with allergic dermatitis was prescribed with antihistamine drug. This 

preparation is 

– Diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum) 

– Ranitidine 

– Prednisolone 

– Methyluracilum 


168. H1-histaminoblocker without sedative effect was prescribed to treat allergic 

complication of pharmacotherapy. It is 

28


– Suprastinum 

– Diazolinum 


– Cromolyn sodium 

169. Antihistaminic drug which my be used to treat insomnia is 


– Ephedrine 




170. Mast cell stabilizer to treat bronchial asthma is 






171. H1-histaminoblocker with sedative effect was prescribed to treat urticaria. It is 


– Prednisolone 




172. Diphenhydramine exerts all effects except 

– Anti-allergic 

– Anti-inflammatory 

– Anti-muscarinic 

– Sedative 

– Antianginal 

173. Side-effects of diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum) are all except 

– Somnolence 

– Dry mouth 


– Tolerance 

– Vomiting 

174. Histamine exerts the following effects except 

– Vasodilation 


– Decrease in BP 

– Increase in gastric secretion 


175. Allergic disease in which H1-histaminoblockers are poorly effective is 

– Urticaria 

– Hey fever 


29

– Serum sickness 


176. Drug which must be urgently administered in anaphylactic shock is 

– Diphenhydramine 




– Phenylephrine 

177. A patient has ulcer of stomach. Antihistaminic agent for his treatment is 


– Dimedrolum 




178. There are two groups of local anesthetics 

– Typical and atypical 

– Narcotic and non-narcotic 

– Liquid and non-liquid 

– Esters of PABA and amides 

– Inhalation and IV 

179. Local anesthetics from esters group are all except 

– Procaine (Novocainum) 

– Tetracaine (Dicainum) 

– Benzocaine (Anaesthesinum) 

– Cocaine 

– Lidocaine (Xycainum) 

180. Local anesthetic from amides group is only 




– Cocaine 


181. Anesthetic for all kinds of local anesthesia is 




– Cocaine 


182. Anesthetic only for surface local anesthesia is 



– Trimecaine 

– Sovcaine 


30

183. Local anesthetic used only for surface anesthesia in burns, wounds, diseases 

of skin and mucous membanes is 



– Trimecaine 



184. Benzocaine (Anaesthesinum) is used for surface anesthesia only because of 

its 

– High toxicity 

– Poor water solubility 

– High potency 

– Anti-arrhythmic action 

– Vasodilation 

185. Local anesthetics realize their action by 

– Binding to receptors 

– Specifically plugging sodium channels 

– Coupling with G-protein 

– Action on enzymes 

– Action on carrier molecule 

186. Procaine is 

– Local anesthetic from amides group 

– The most potent local anesthetic 

– Used only for surface anesthesia 

– Used for infiltration, conductive, and spinal anesthesia 

– The most toxic local anesthetic 

187. Lidocaine has the following advantages over procaine except 

– Longer duration of action 

– Suitable for all types of anesthesia 

– No interaction with sulphonamides 

– Less allergic properties 

– Minimal effect on the heart 

188. Local anesthetics have the following common properties except 

– They are bases 

– The anesthetic activity rises at alkaline pH 

– Ester local anesthetics are metabolized by esterases in blood 

– Amide local anesthetics are metabolized by hepatocytes 

– Duration of action of esters is longer than that of amides 

189. Lidocaine is used in 

– Infiltration anesthesia only 

– All kinds of anesthesia 

– Surface anesthesia only 

– Spinal anesthesia only 


190. Local anesthetic with significant anti-arrhythmic properties is only 

31




– Cocaine 


191. Non-organic astringent is 

– Tannin 

– Bark of oak 

– Activated charcoal 

– Mustard seeds 

– Bismuth subnitrate 

192 Tannin has the following properties except 

– It forms albuminate 

– It protects nerve endings in mucous membrane 

– It precipitate alkaloids in the gut 

– It neutralizes gastric juice 

– It is used for gargling in stomatitis and paradontitis 

193. Tannin realizes its anti-inflammation action due to 

– Formation of albuminates on the surface of mucous membrane 

– Adsorbtion of toxic substances 

– Formation of colloidal covering on the mucous membrane 

– Local anesthesia 

– Irritation of sensitive nerve endings 

194. Activated charcoal realizes its action due to 






195. Mucus of starch realizes its action due to 






196. Mustard seeds realize their action by 






197. Menthol is characterized by all except 


– Reflexive action on coronary blood vessels 

– Constriction of blood vessels in the site of application 

32

– Vasodilation in the site of application 

– Inhibition of edema and exudation of the upper airways (by inhalation) 

198. Reflexly acting expectorant is 

– Sodium hydrocarbonate 

– Trypsin 

– Mucaltinum 

– Infusion from the grass of Thermopsis 

– Both Mucaltinum and infusion from the grass of Thermopsis 

199. All drugs irritates sensitive nerve endings except 

– Expectorants 

– Irritants 

– Laxatives 

– Emetics 

– Protectives 

200. Laxative used in acute poisonings is 

– Castor oil 

– Phenolphtalein 

– Magnesium sulphate 

– Root of Rheum 


201. Bitters are 

– Stimulators of appetite 

– Suppressors of appetite 

– Drugs for replacement therapy 

– Antimicrobial drugs for treatment of peptic ulcer 

– Suppressors of gastric secretion 

202. Laxatives used in chronic constipation are all except 

– Castor oil 

– Bisacodyl 

– Magnesium sulphate 

– Root of Rheum 

– Leaves of Senna 

203. Activated charcoal (Carbo activatus) is used to treat all diseases except 

– Acute poisoning 

– Dyspepsia 

– Meteorism 

– Peptic ulcer 

– Chronic intoxication 

204. Irritant for emergence help in syncope is 

– Menthol 

– Mustard plaster 

– Solution of ammonia 

– Lobeline 

– Atropine 

33

205. Ambroxol is 

– Expectorant stimulating surfactant synthesis 

– Mucolytic 

– Non-narcotic antitussive preparation 

– Narcotic antitussive preparation 

– Emetic with central action 

206. Irritant applied in the form of plaster (Charta Sinapis) is 

– Mustard 

– Menthol 

– Solution of ammonia 

– Camphor 

– Decoction from the seeds of flax (Linum) 

207. The antiepileptic drug acting by inhibition of GABA-transaminase is 

– Phenobarbital 

– Sodium valproate 

– Diazepam 

– Carbamazepine 

– Phenytoin 

208. Opioid analgesics cause analgesia by action on 

– μ-receptors 

– M-cholinoreceptors 

– Adrenoceptors 

– D2-receptors 

– H1-receptors 

209. The following information concerning cheese syndrome is correct except 

– It is occurred in patients treated with MAO inhibitors after use products containing 

tyramine 

– It is occurred in patients treated with MAO inhibitors after use of products containing 

proteins 

– It is manifested by hypertensive crisis and cerebrovascular accidents 

– Cheese syndrome has to be treated by IV injection of �-adrenoblocker 

– Cheese syndrome is due to inhibition of MAO in the liver and intestinal wall 

210. Piracetam is effective in all cases except 

– Disturbance of movement in patients with cerebral stroke 

– Retardation of mental development in children 

– Disturbances of memory after stroke 

– Senile dementia 

– Memory impairment in alcoholics 

211. Nitrous oxide is characterized by the following properties except 

– Good analgesia 

– Quick action 

– Poor muscle relaxation 

– High liver toxicity 

34

– Usage in obstetrics and dental surgery 

212. Levodopa is used for replacement therapy of Parkinson's disease instead of 

dopamine due to its 

– High efficacy 

– Ability to penetrate blood-brain barrier 

– Ability to transform into dopamine 

– Ability to inhibit cholinoreceptors 

– Both ability to penetrate CNC and transformation into dopamine 

213. Nootropic drugs cause the following effects 

– Improvement of acquisition of new knowledge 

– Improvement of memory 

– Increase in brain stability to hypoxia 

– Improvement of cerebral circulation 


214. Stage of anesthesia (analgesia stage) is characterized by the following 

– Abolishing of pain 

– Excitement 

– Loss of conscience 

– Relaxation of skeletal muscles 

– Suppression of reflex activity 

215. Morphine exerts all the following CNS effects except 

– Euphoria 

– Sedation 

– Cough suppression 

– Analgesia 

– Constipation 

216. Benzodiazepines used as anxiolytics may cause following side-effects 

– Cognitive impairment 

– Somnolence 

– Impairment of fine motor coordination 


– All listed above 

217. The indications for clinical use of antidepressants include 

– Reactive depression 

– Endogenous depression 

– Enuresis in children 

– Pain syndromes 


218. Barbiturates may cause all following side-effects except 

– After-action 

– Tolerance 

35

– Suppression of REM sleep 


– Euphoria 

219. As antidote in bromism the following agent is used 

– Sodium hydrocarbonate 

– Magnesium sulfate 

– Sodium chloride 

– Magnesium oxide 

– Calcium chloride 

220. Imipramine exerts the following effects except 

– Decrease in depression 

– Elevation of mood 

– Improvement of communicative behavior 

– Improvement of sleep 

– Antimuscarinic action 

221. The III stage of general anesthesia (stage of surgical anesthesia) is manifested 

by 

– 4 planes of its development 

– Excitement 

– Progressive decrease in muscular tone 

– Inhibition of reflexes 

– All listed except excitement 

222. The acute barbiturate poisoning is manifested by all except 

– Failing respiration 

– Comatose state 

– Fall of BP 

– Myorelaxation 

– Colic 

223. The main mechanism of non-opiod analgesics action is 

– Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 

– Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 

– Inhibition of monoamine oxidase 

– Increase in noradrenaline release 

– Inhibition of dopamine reuptake 

224. Caffeine stimulates CNS by 

– Increasing in noradrenaline release in CNS 

– Stimulating of dopamine receptors 

– Inhibition of cholinoreceptors of CNS 

– Inhibition of GABA receptors 

– Blockade of adenosine receptors 

225. Ketamine is 

– Long acting general anesthetic 

– Increasing cardiac output 

– Producing profound analgesia 

– Not abolishing reflexes 

36

– All listed except long duration of action 

226. The clinical uses of barbiturates include 

– Depression 

– Epilepsy 

– Insomnia 

– Psychosis 

– Both epilepsy and insomnia 

227. Non-opioid analgesics exert the following effects except 

– Antipyretic 

– Immune depressive 

– Anti-inflammatory 

– Analgesic 

– Anti-platelet 

228. Caffeine causes all except 

– Increase in mental performance 

– Decrease of fatigue 

– Development of drug dependence 

– Increase of blood pressure 

– Decrease in gastric secretion 

229. The endogenous ligands of opoid receptors are 

– Endorphins 

– Enkephalins 

– Glutaminic acid 

– Dynorphins 

– Endorphins, enkephalins, and dynorphins 

230. Clinical uses of anxiolytics include all the following except 

– Anxiety and panic 

– Epilepsy 

– Complex treatment of withdrawal syndrome in drug dependent patients 

– Insomnia 

– Acute psychosis 

231. The drugs of first choice for treatment of epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic 

seizures are 



– Ethosuximide 


– All listed except ethosuximide 

232. Vinpocetin is effective in all cases except 

– Disturbance of movement in patients with trauma of extremities 

– Acute and chronic disturbances of cerebral blood circulation 


– Cerebral atherosclerosis 

– Vertigo associated with disturbances of cerebral blood flow 

37

233. Opioid analgesics are used for 

– Relief of pain associated with cancer 

– Acute pulmonary edema 

– Myocardial infarction 



234. The main pharmacological effect of anxiolytics is 

– Abolishing of panic and phobia 

– Abolishing of pain 

– Abolishing of depression 

– General anesthesia 

– Antipsychotic action 

235. Neuroleptics may be used for all except 


– Suppression of vomiting in cancer chemotherapy 

– Treatment of Parkinson's disease 

– Preanesthetic medication 

– Treatment of schizophrenia 

236. The main mechanism by which amitriptyline increases amount of 

catecholamines in CNS synapses is 

– Increase in catecholamines release from presynaptic membrane 

– Increase in catecholamines synthesis in presynaptic membrane 

– Prevention of catecholamines degradation in the synapse 

– Inhibition of neuronal re-uptake of catecholamines 


237. Type of receptors the most responsible for antipsychotic effect of neuroleptics 

is 

– 5-НТ receptors 

– Dopamine receptors 

– �-adrenoreceptors 

– M-cholinoreceptors 

– Histamine receptors 

238. Camphor is effective in the treatment of 

– Oppression of respiration caused by infections and intoxications 

– Collapse 


– Pneumonia 

– Oppression of respiration, collapse, and pneumonia 

239. The drug of first choice for treatment of epilepsy with petit mal is 



– Ethosuximide 


– Diazepam 

38

240. The followings is true concerning mechanism of anxiolytic effect of 

benzodiazepines and properties of their receptors 

– Drugs increase affinity of GABA to its receptors 

– Benzodiazepine receptors are directly coupled to Na +- channels 

– Benzodiazepine receptors activate G-proteins 

– Drugs cause depolarization 

– Benzodiazepine receptor is a part of GABA-benzodiazepine receptor-chloride channel 

complex 

241. Analeptic which has anti-inflammation and anti-allergy effects is 

– Nikethamide 

– Caffeine 


– Amphetamine 

– Aethimizolum 

242. Drugs for inhalation general anesthesia are all except 

– Thiopental-sodium 

– Ether for narcosis 

– Halotane 

– Nitrous oxide 

– Isoflurane 

243. Isoflurane is 

– Potent anesthetic 

– Volatile liquid 

– Non-irritant agent 

– Non-flammable 


244. Isoflurane may cause 

– Irritation of respiratory pathways 


– Constriction of blood vessels 

– Increase in BP 

– Sensitization of heart to catecholamines 

245. Ether is not widely used now due to 

– Irritation of respiratory airways 

– Long-lasting and unpleasant induction into anesthesia 

– Inflammable properties 

– Unpleasant recovery from anesthesia 


246. A patient has myocardial infarction. Inhalation general anesthetic for analgesia 

is 



– Halotane 



39

247. Labor is accompanied by severe pain. Inhalation general anesthetic for 

analgesia is 



– Halotane 



248. Long-acting GABA-ergic IV anesthetic is 


– Ketamine 

– Sodium oxibutyrate 

– Propanididum 

– Propofol 

249. Barbiturate for IV general anesthesia is 


– Ketamine 


– Propanididum 

– Propofol 

250. All concerning IV general anesthetics is true except 

– Thiopental-sodium may cause oppression of respiration 

– Ketamine produces profound analgesia 

– Sodium oxibutyrate has antihypoxic properties 

– Propanididum acts during 3-5 min 

– IV general anesthetics are not used for induction to narcosis 

251. Ketamine is realized its action due to 

– Barbiturate receptors 

– GABA-receptors 

– Binding to lipids of cell membranes 


– Opiod receptors 

252. Sodium oxibutyrate is realized its action due to 

– Barbiturate receptors 

– GABA-receptors 

– Binding to lipids of cell membranes 


– Adrenergic receptors 

253. All concerning ethyl alcohol is true except 

– It is energy substrate 

– It has anti-shock action 

– It stimulates gastric secretion 

– It has antimicrobial action 

– It is used for general anesthesia 

254. Ethyl alcohol is used for processing of surgical area in concentration of 

– 90% 

40

– 70% 

– 40% 

– 20% 


255. Ethyl alcohol is used for processing of surgical tools in concentration of 

– 90% 

– 70% 

– 40% 

– 20% 


256. To terminate vomiting of central genesis may be used all drugs except 

– Apomorphine 

– Chlorpromazine 

– Trifluoperazine 

– Metaclopromide 

– Diphenhydramine 

257. Ethyl alcohol is used for inhalation together with oxygen due to 

– Antiseptic action 

– Anti-shock action 

– Irritating action 

– Neurotropic action 

– Antifoam action 

258. Selective inhibitor of COX-2 is 

– Acetylsalicylic acid 

– Paracetamol 

– Metamizol 

– Indometacine 

– Meloxicam 

259. Drug for treatment of alcohol abuse is 

– Disulfirum (Teturam) 

– Naloxone 

– Unithiolum 

– Alloxim 

– Dithylinum 

260. Hypnotic with minimal disturbances in REM sleep is 



– Nitrazepam 



261. Mechanism of phenobarbital’s action is connected with 

– Barbiturate receptors of Cl – channels 

– Benzdiazepine receptors of Cl – channels 

– Central M-cholinoreceptors 

– Peripheral M-cholinoreceptors 

41

– α2-adrenoceptors 

262. Mechanism of action of diazepam is connected with 

– Barbiturate receptors of Cl – channels 

– Benzdiazepine receptors of Cl – channels 

– Central M-cholinoreceptors 

– Peripheral M-cholinoreceptors 

– α2-adrenoceptors 

263. Anxiolytics are used in a clinic 

– For hypnotic action 

– For analgesic action 

– For antipsychotic action 

– For decrease in phobia 

– For decrease in depression 

264. Benzodiazepine used for termination of seizure attack is 

– Nitrazepam 

– Diazepam (Sibazonum) 

– Phenazepam 

– Medazepam 

– Chlordiazepoxide (Chlozepidum) 

265. Sodium bromide belongs to the group of 

– Anxiolytics 

– Neuroleptics 

– Sedatives 

– General anesthetics 

– Local anesthetics 

266. Indications to use of sodium bromide are all except 

– Neurastenia 

– Hysteria 

– Epilepsy 

– Insomnia 

– Acute psychosis 

267. Bromism is 

– Accumulation of bromides in the body 

– Acute poisoning with bromides 

– Therapeutic action of bromides 

– Scheme of treatment with bromides 


268. Tincture of valerian is used to treat of all except 

– Light forms of neurosis 

– Insomnia caused by restlessness 

– Cardioneurosis 

– Spasms in the gut 

– Epilepsy 

269. Tincture of valerian belongs to 

42

– Anxiolytics 

– Neuroleptics 

– Non-organic sedatives 

– Organic sedatives 


270. Neuroleptanalgesia is 

– Co-administration of neuroleptic and narcotic analgesic 

– Co-administration of neuroleptic and non-narcotic analgesic 

– Co-administration of local anesthetic and narcotic analgesic 

– Co-administration of anxiolytic and narcotic analgesic 

– Co-administration of inhalation and IV general anesthetics 

271. All preparations are neuroleptics except 


– Trifluoprazine 

– Haloperidol 

– Chlorprothixene 

– Chlordiazepoxide 

272. The most suitable drug combination for neuroleptanalgesia is 

– Droperidol and fentanyl 

– Chlorpromazine and morphine 

– Haloperidol and pentazocine 

– Chlorpromazine and diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum) 

– Diphenhydramine (Dimedrolum) and Analginum 

273. Neuroleptics exert 

– Antipsychotic action 

– Anxiolytic action 

– Cataleptic action 

– Antiemetic action 


274. If the patient has schizophrenia accompanied by hallucinations and psychomotor 

excitement, he must be treated with 

– Chlorpromazine (Aminazinum) 

– Diazepam 

– Tincture of valerian 

– Imipramine 


275. If the patient has acute psychosis accompanied by hallucinations and agitation, 

he must be treated with 

– Haloperidol 

– Diazepam 




276. If the patient has severe vomiting caused by anticancer chemotherapy, he may 

be treated with 

43

– Trifluoperazine 

– Diazepam 




277. The patient has manic-depressive (bipolar) disease. Preparation of choice in 

this case is 

– Lithium carbonate 

– Diazepam 



– Amitriptyline 

278. The patient has severe cancer pain. Analgesic for him is 

– Buprenorphine 

– Fentanyl 

– Naloxone 

– Metamizole 


279. The patient has traumatic shock. Analgesic for him is 

– Trimepiridine (Promedolum) 

– Phenylbutazone (Butadionum) 

– Naloxone 



280. The patient has trauma of brain. Narcotic analgesic contraindicated for him is 

– Morphine 




– Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) 

281. Trimepiridine (Promedolum) is better in colic than morphine due to 

– High analgesic activity 

– Minimal side-effects 

– Spasmolytic activity 

– Increase in uterus tone 


282. Trimepiridine (Promedolum) is used for analgesia in labor due to 

– Analgesic activity 

– Minimal side-effects 

– Spasmolytic activity 

–Stimulation of uterus contractions 

– Both analgesic activity and stimulation of uterus contractions 

283. Acute poisoning with narcotic analgesics is diagnosed. Antagonist of opioid 

analgesics to treat this poisoning is 

– Trimepiridine 

44

– Phenylbutazone 

– Naloxone 



284. The indications to aspirin use include 

– Headache 

– Toothache 

– Fever 

– Rheumatism 


285. Non-opioid analgesics may exert following side-effects except 

– Damage of gastric mucosa 


– Suppression of hemopoiesis 


– Bleeding 

286. Only one non-narcotic analgesic is salicylate 

– Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) 


– Metamizole (Analginum) 

– Paracetamol (Acethaminophen) 


287. Only one non-narcotic analgesic is para-aminophenol derivative 






288. Non-narcotic analgesics from the group of pyrazolone derivatives are 





– Both phenylbutazone (Butadionum) and metamizole (Analginum) 

289. Non-narcotic analgesics with strong anti-inflammatory action are all except 



– Ibuprofen 


– Pyroxicam 

290. Analgesic-antipyretic with weak anti-inflammatory action is 



– Ibuprofen 


45

– Pyroxicam 

291. Metamizole is not used for 

– Headache 

– Toothache 

– Fever 

– Control of non-severe postoperative pain 

– Collagenosis 

292. Metimazole may cause such side-effects as 

– Allergy 

– Agranulocytosis 

– Gastric ulcer 

– Gastrointestinal bleeding 

– Both allergy and agranulocytosis 

293. The patient has arthritis. Non-narcotic analgesics for his treatment are all 

except 



– Ibuprofen 


– Pyroxicam 

294. If the drug blocks COX and exerts anti-inflammation, anti-pyrexia and 

analgesia, it belongs to 

– Opioid analgesics 

– Non-opioid analgesics 



– Antihistamines 

295. If the drug binds to opioid receptors, exerts analgesia, and causes drug 

dependence, it belongs to 

– Opioid analgesics 

– Non-opioid analgesics 



– Antihistamines 

296. Imipramine causes antidepressant action due to 


– Inhibition of monoamines reuptake 

– Blockage of α2-adrenoceptors 

– Blockage of dopamine receptors 

– Blockage of central M-cholinergic receptors 

297. Nociception is 

– Pain perception in the organism 

– Limitation of pain in the organism 

– Limitation of pain by analgesics 

– Stimulation of non-specific resistance 

46

– All is false 

298. Anti-nociceptoin is represented by 

– Opioid receptors and their ligands 

– Adrenergic receptors and norepinephrine 

– Cholinergic receptors and acetylcholine 

– H-receptors and histamine 

– 5HT-receptors and serotonin 

299. Mechanism of action of fluoxetine is 

– Non-selectine inhibition of monoamines re-uptake 

– Selectine inhibition of monoamines re-uptake 

– Non-selectine inhibition of MAO 

– Selectine inhibition of MAO 

– Stimulation of serotonin synthesis 

300. Amphetamine causes all except 

– Strong stimulation of CNS 

– Euphoria 


– Peripheral adrenomimetic action 

– Stimulation of appetite 

301. Caffeine is 

– Psychomotor stimulant 

– Analeptic 

– Psychomotor stimulant + analepic 

– Cognition enhancer 

– Antidepressant 

302. Indications to use of caffeine are all except 


– Collapse 

– Oppression of respiration 

– Asthenia 

– Psychomotor excitement 

303. All concerning caffeine is true except 

– It is methylxanthine derivative 

– It has purinergic mechanism of action 

– It increases mental and physical performance 

– It has analeptic action 

– It has anxiolytic action 

304. Piracetam is 

– Cognition enhancer 

– Adrenergic psychomotor stimulant 

– Purinergic psychomotor stimulant 

– Direct-acting analeptic 

– Indirect-acting analeptic 

305. Correct information concerning adaptogens is 

47

– They improve adaptation 

– They stimulate immunity 

– They increase physical and mental performance 

– They enhance low BP 


Situation tasks 

A teenager with a fracture of the hand was taken to the emergency room. To 

perform reposition of fractured bones it was necessary to relax skeletal muscle. For this 

purpose myorelaxant causing depolarization of the post synaptic membrane was 

administered. Which of the following agents was used? 

A. Galantamine hydrobromide 

B. Mellictinum 

C. D-tubocurarine 

D. Succinylcholine (Dithylinum) 

E. Neostigmine (Proserinum) 

A patient with bronchial asthma addresses his doctor with complaints about 

unpleasant palpitations that occur after usage of inhalation form of isoprenaline 

(isadrinum). What is the cause of this side-effect? 

A. Stimulation of β1-adrenoceptros* 

B. Stimulation of β2-adrenoceptros 

C. Stimulation of α1-adrenoceptros 

D. Stimulation of α2-adrenoceptros 

E. Inhibition of M-chlolinoreceptors 

Which of the following antiadrenergic drugs used in the treatment of hypertension is 

contraindicated in patients prone to bronchospasm? 

A. Prazosin 

B. Metoprolol 

C. Reserpine 

D. Atenolol 

E. Propranolol (Anaprilinum) 

To perform fundoscopy ophthalmologist instilled in the eye an agent capable of 

causing mydriasis without cycloplegia. Point out this agent. 

A. Phenylephrine (Mesatonum)* 

B. Noradrenaline 

C. Atropine 

D. Pilocarpine 

E. Isoprenaline (Isadrinum) 

Administration of pirenzepine in patients with gastric peptic ulcer is not 

accompanied by numerous side-effects characteristic for atropine and other Mcholinoblckers 

due to 

A. Inability to penetrate through blood brain barrier 

B. Selective inhibition of M1-cholinoreceptors* 

C. Inhibition of all types of M-cholinoreceptors 

D. Inhibition of cholinesterase 

E. Significant protein binding 

48

In complex treatment of a child, suffering from cerebral palsy, a doctor decided to 

include anticholinesterase drug modeately improving mental development. Choose this 

drug. 

A. Phosphacol 

B. Neostigmine (Proserinum) 

C. Galanthamine 

D. Pilocarpine 

E. Lobeline 

For testing refraction of eye atropine was instilled into conjunctival sac. On 

completion of the procedure another cholinergic drug was used to counteract mydriasis 

and cycloplegia, caused by atropine. Point out this drug. 

A. Pilocarpine 

B. Lobeline 

C. Hyoscine (Scopolamine) 

D. Phenylephrine (Mesatonum) 

E. Pirenzepine 

A 43 year-old male patient is suffering from hypertension. His blood pressure was 

successfully controlled by monotherapy with adrenoblocker. With time treatment was 

complicated with diarrhea and tachycardia. The patient addressed his doctor and the drug 

was changed for another adrenoblocker. Which of adrenoblockers can cause above listed 

side-effects? 

A. Metoprolol 

B. Salbutamol 

C. Propranolol 

D. Dobutamine 

E. Prazosin 

A 5 years old child was taken to toxicological department with Belladonna 

poisoning. Alongside with peripheral manifestations the CNS symptoms were manifested. 

Which of the following agents has to be administered as an antidote? 

A. Aceclidinum 

B. Pilocarpine 

C. Neostigmine (Proserinum) 

D. Adrenaline 

E. Galantamine hydrobromide 

After surgery performed under general anesthesia with non-depolarizing 

myorelaxant spontaneous respiration was not restored. Which of the following drugs is to 

be used as an antidote of non-depolarizing myorelaxant? 

A. Aceclidinum 

B. Pilocarpin 

C. Neostigmine (Proserinum) 

D. Hyascine (Scopolamine) 

E. Isonitrosin 

After emotional stress a patient was permanently in a condition of nervous tension 

and had poor sleep. Doctor prescribed him diazepam. Which of the listed effects of this 

drug is responsible for its clinical use? 

A. Hypotensive effect 

B. Analgesic effect 

49

C. Anticonvulsant 

D. Tranquilizing 

E. Anti psychotic 

A patient with toothache was relieving his pain with help of metamizole (Analginum). 

Point out another useful effect of this drug that contributes to the improvement of patient's 

condition 

A. Sedative effect 

B. Anti-inflammatory effect 

C. Antl-platelet effect 

D. Antioxidative effect 

E. Antimicrobial effect 

A patient with poisoning caused by carbon monoxide was administered directly 

acting analeptic drug. What medicine was used? 

A. Codeine 

B. Ephedrine 

C. Caffeine 

D. Atropine sulfate 

E. Lobeline 

A premature newborn was apnoic. Directly acting analeptic drug was given to 

restore breathing. What medicine was most probably administered to the patient? 

A. Aethimisolum 

B. Phenylephrine (Mesatonum) 

C. Adrenaline 

D. Atropine 

E. Lobeline 

A 60 year-old woman addressed her doctor complaining of side-effects, which 

appeared while treatment with chlorpromazine (aminazinum). She was troubled with 

tremor and disturbances of movements. What is the mechanism of these side-effects? 

A. Activation of hyppocampus 

B. Inhibition of reticular formation (�1-adrenoceptors) 

C. Inhibition of neostriatum (D2 receptors) 

D. Inhibition of hypothalamus 

E. Inhibition of hyppocampus 

A 50 years old patient with chronic alcoholism became aggressive. To abolish 

aggression, chlorpromazine was administered intramuscularly. The patient's attempt to 

rise soon after an injection resulted in loss of consciousness. What is the probable cause 

of such complication? 

A. Blockade of reticular formation 

B. Disturbance of coronary blood circulation 

C. Blockade of �-adrenoceptors 

D. Inhibition of hypothamus 

E. Blockade of M-cholinoceptors 

A patient was permanently in a condition of nervous tension and had poor sleep. 

Doctor prescribed him phenazepam. Which of the listed mechanisms of action provides 

anxiolytic effect of this drug? 

A. Blockage of �2-adrenoceptors 

50

B. Blockage of dopamin receptors 

C. Stimulation of barbiturate receptors 

D. Stimulation of benzdiazepine receptors 

E. Stimulation of NMDA receptors 

A 60-year-old male is brought to emergency room. He is comatose and his pupils 

are constricted. Physician suspects opium overdose. What is the best drug to be 

administered? 

A. Flumazanil 

B. Calcium carbonate 

C. Sodium bicarbonate 

D. Naloxone 

E. Atropine 

A patient had a stroke. Which of the listed drugs is necessary to include in the 

complex therapy in order to improve mental performance? 

A. Caffeine 

B. Piracetam 

C. Diazepam 

D. Phenazepam 

E. Amitiptyline 

A 20-year-old male is brought to emergency room in comatose state. The overdose 

of benzdiazepins is diagnosed. What is the best drug to be administered? 

A. Flumazanil 

B. Atropine 

C. Sodium bicarbonate 

D. Naloxone 

E. Naltrexone 

51

Operating instructions to Module 1 control for English-speaking ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?