TIAPS ALB_Module 2B. Managing People

2B.3 Motivation
A manager is responsible for inspiring team members to perform and strive for continuous
improvement. The well-known motivational models briefly described below provide useful
insights for managers. Each model can be criticized for not representing the whole picture
but they all illustrate important dimensions of motivation.
2B.3.1 Maslow’s Pyramid
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs recognizes that individuals are motivated to satisfy
progressively higher levels of need and are unable to focus on higher goals if lower-level
needs have not been met.
Figure: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs – water, food, warmth, shelter – are the most basic and what we will
focus on if absent. You cannot motivate someone with promises of financial rewards or job
satisfaction if they are hungry and do not know where their next meal is coming from. The
next level relates to safety, security, stability, and absence of fear and danger. The levels
above relate to our need to belong to a group and then to be recognized. Finally, once these
needs have been broadly met, we will focus on self-actualization and being the best version
of ourselves we can be.
The lesson for any manager is threefold:
• Basic needs must be addressed, including a comfortable and safe working
environment free from physical or emotional hazards.
• Individuals are motivated to achieve more and so may lose motivation is work is
repetitive.
• While people differ, personal satisfaction, fulfilment, recognition, and self-esteem
often serve as the highest goals.
These apply regardless of the level of the position. There is always scope for improvement
and personal growth.
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