YSM Issue 96.2

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TABLE OF VOL. 96 ISSUE NO. 2 COVER 22 A R T I C L E Fatal Attraction Cindy Mei Tsetse flies are responsible for spreading a deadly disease that leads to agricultural and medical devastation in Africa. The Carlson lab at Yale and their collaborators have identified a pheromone produced by the fly that may be able to attract and halt the activity of the flies, which holds great potential to control the tsetse fly population. 12 Tracking Carbon's Underwater Dive Tori Sodeinde Many marine animals form calcium carbonate shells that deposit minerals onto the surface of the Earth, but billions of years ago, before these biotic carbonate sources evolved, what were the most important contributing sources to the precipitation of carbonate? New geological isotope data challenges previous ideas about the ancient history of the marine carbonate factory. 14 It's in Our Bones Evelyn Jiang Researchers at Yale have uncovered a key molecular link between bone marrow aging and the development of atherosclerosis—which causes heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular complications, which are collectively the leading cause of death worldwide. Their findings offer new hope for the treatment and prevention of the disease. 16 Acne-Biotics Crystal Liu Yale structural biologists determined the structure of a promising acne-fighting antibiotic, sarecycline, in complex with the ribosome of C. acnes, the bacterium largely responsible for acne. Read about sarecycline’s mechanism, why it can be more effective than other antibiotics, and other discoveries about the C. acnes ribosome. 19 Animals Against Rising Tides Abigail Jolteus Global warming is causing sea levels to rise rapidly, which imposes stress on coastal ecosystems. Researchers at the Yale School of Environment and the University of Florida have investigated the impact of mussels on salt marshes, which could help provide more insight into how to help mitigate the effects of sea level rise —one of the most urgent climate threats today. 2 Yale Scientific Magazine May 2023 www.yalescientific.org
CONTENTS More articles online at www.yalescientific.org & https://medium.com/the-scope-yale-scientific-magazines-online-blog 4 6 25 34 Q&A NEWS FEATURES SPECIALS What is the World's Most Efficient Form of Urination? • Victor Nguyen Who were the First Cowboys in the World? • Jamie Seu The Changing Language of Our Changing Climate • Pratiksha Bhattacharyya Saving Birds on Yale's Campus • Mia Gawith A New Approach Against an Old Foe • Johnny Yue Taking a Peek at Pandora's Cluster • Ignacio Ruiz-Sanchez Sink or Swim • Lea Papa Using Machine Learning to Produce Metallic Glass • Maya Khurana A Dynamic Duo Fighting Against Brain Cancer • Casey McGuire The Carbon Footprint of Care • Jessica Le Wooden Corkscrew Robots Plant Seeds • Madeleine Popofsky Your Unique Fingerprint • Elisa Howard The Impossible Star • Elizabeth Watson Cyborg Zebrafish • Nathan Mu How Ancient Humans Escaped the Ice Age • Matthew Blair Plant-Animal Hybrids • Samantha Liu Undergraduate Profile: Charnice Hoegnifioh (YC '24) • Emily Shang Alumni Profile: Amymarie Bartholomew (YC '13) • William Archacki Science in the Spotlight: Measure for Measure • Henry Chen Science in the Spotlight: the Darkness Manifesto • Faith Pena Counterpoint: Quantum Cryptography • Matthew Dobre Perimeter • Sophia Zhao www.yalescientific.org May 2023 Yale Scientific Magazine 3
Page 1: Yale Scientific THE NATION’S OLDE
Page 5 and 6: The Editor-in-Chief Speaks THROUGH
Page 7 and 8: Physiology / Astronomy NEWS A NEW A
Page 9 and 10: Computer Science FOCUS TEACHING MAC
Page 11 and 12: Environmental Science FOCUS THE CAR
Page 13 and 14: Geochemistry FOCUS carbon dioxide d
Page 15 and 16: Medicine FOCUS PHOTOGRAPH COURTESY
Page 17 and 18: Dermatology FOCUS Bumps, whiteheads
Page 19 and 20: Ecology FOCUS ANIMALS AGAINST RISIN
Page 21 and 22: Ecology FOCUS to sediment depositio
Page 23 and 24: Public Health FOCUS In a paper publ
Page 25 and 26: Environmental Engineering FEATURE S
Page 27 and 28: FEATURE Materials Engineering Astro
Page 29 and 30: Bioelectronics FEATURE stability, a
Page 31 and 32: Palaeogenomics FEATURE might have e
Page 33 and 34: Immunology FEATURE viruses, unlike
Page 35 and 36: ALUMNI PROFILE AMYMARIE BARTHOLOMEW
Page 37 and 38: THE DARKNESS MANIFESTO You’ve pro
Page 39 and 40: Wrought into a cycle, carbon schlep

YSM Issue 96.2

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