(a) Photographic identifications (b) Pictorial interpretation aids Aeneas; 2, Dido; 3, Romulus; 4, Remus; 5, Magus; 6, Latigus; 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, Surface rays; 12 and 13, Blue emissions. Plate 35: Macro-views <strong>of</strong> Dione showing curvi-linear surface markings and duality in surface lighting.
RINGMAKERS OF SATURN Part (b) illustrates sun-ray orientation which causes the observed penumbra in part (a). In the sun-lit hemisphere, however, all shadows cast by terrain elevations are not aligned directionally with sun rays. Consistency in directional alignment should prevail when the sun is the only external source <strong>of</strong> light. In particular, craters (1) through (6) contain shadow orientations inconsistent with sun-ray direction. Dashed lines are drawn in the direction opposite the shadows to diagram probable spurious light paths. Intersection <strong>of</strong> line pairs suggests the possibility <strong>of</strong> nearby secondary light sources, (a), (b) and (c). Extrapolation <strong>of</strong> curved surface rays (7) through (11), indicated by solid lines, produces a companion common point, (d). These results tend to indicate that some sort <strong>of</strong> elongated source <strong>of</strong> light is positioned abreast <strong>of</strong> Dione. To reveal details <strong>of</strong> the suspect region <strong>of</strong> Plate 35(b), resort has been made to a composite photograph. Its purpose is to capture all available surrounding spatial detail while preserving Dione's topographical clarity. This macro-scopic composite,* Plate 36, shows Dione amidst an impinging electromagnetic flow field. Readily identifiable is a luminescent filament pair, (1). These filaments generate a thick orthogonal filament, (2), which extends past Dione on the right. A central filament, (3), passes between filament pair (1) and Dione, continues around Dione and at (4), makes a Y- connection. Filaments (1) and (3) issue from a source at (5). Highest electrical potentials, <strong>of</strong> course, exist at the source <strong>of</strong> filamentary emission. Diminution in potential occurs along filaments as distance from source increases. Inasmuch as Dione is at or near ground potential, cross-flow currents can be expected between filaments and surface. Locations having shortest electrical paths are where the cross-flow phenomenon most readily can occur. Specifically, two such places at the horizon are the equatorial and south-polar regions. Cross-flow paths, (6), indeed are found near the equator. Other cross-flow paths, (7), also occur in the south-polar region. In between, surface markings are interpreted as extensions, (8), <strong>of</strong> crossflow paths. Above the surface <strong>of</strong> Dione on the left (north), a large opaque toroid, (9), claims filament (3) as its central axis. Unfortunately, this toroid partially obscures source detail. Appearances are that the source, (10), has an elliptical pr<strong>of</strong>ile within which filaments issue from *For the composite, a detailed image <strong>of</strong> Dione has been superimposed on an overall (macroscopic) view exposed extensively to enhance background. Extensive exposure whitens and slightly enlarges the image <strong>of</strong> Dione. Upon over-laying the clear image on the white one, a narrow whiter border appears circumferentially. 66
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