Guide to Preventing Parasites.pdf - Royal Canin Canada

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to them. Nonetheless, in natural conditions, the parasite loads observed in cats are generally very small and do not warrant aggressive treatment. Treatments repeated every month seem sufficient, especially since the shorter prepatency period for Toxocara in 42 days. Treatment of the mother during the lactating period. It is advisable to treat the mother during the lactation period because she can easily become infected from her puppies or kittens. She stimulates them to urinate or defecate and normally swallows everything that is excreted. When a young animal ingests infectious stages, a certain portion of them travel through the entire gastrointestinal tract and are excreted, often because of overly rapid peristaltis. These parasites can then establish themselves in the mother. For reasons of convenience, it is advisable to treat the mother and the young at the same time. Monthly postweaning treatment. Weaning spells the end of a period during which parasite transmission largely depends on the mother, specifically, through the excretion of larvae in her milk. On the other hand, the young have already been treated on several occasions and their immune system is gradually maturing to the point where it can protect them against parasites. However, the games that they indulge in and their immense curiosity still make them susceptible to ingesting infectious eggs present in their environment. If free-roaming, the mother cat may, on a daily basis, bring back prey that serve as paratenic hosts. The interval between treatments should then be adjusted to the prepatency period of the most commonly encountered parasites. Treatment in animals over the age of 6 months. The risk of infection in animals in this age group is minimal, but it is still present. The prevention program is aimed at protecting animals that are especially at risk for becoming infected and during periods when this risk of infection is high. The length of the interval between treatments is base mainly on the length of the prepatency period of most parasites. During the winter, the risk of new infections is low or even nonexistent. It is then possible to increase the interval between treatments. Screening tests. It is advisable to perform a large number of stool tests. This is even essential in animals under the age of one year. A fecal examination during the first visit to the veterinarian is a must. It would be wise to have it repeated at least once or twice during the first year. Zoonotic agents are especially common in animals in this age group, and humans are often in very close contact with these animals. In animals on a prevention program using a broad-spectrum product, the test can be performed shortly before the first treatment or toward the end of the program, provided you wait at least six weeks after the last treatment. In an animal weakened by illness or that is exposed to infection as a result of its activities, an annual examination would be desirable, even during the deworming program, if necessary. However, you should not stop from having a fecal examination done just because a pet is on a deworming program. No drug can protect an animal from all parasite species, not even the broad-spectrum drugs (see following table). The term “broad-spectrum” might 20
seem very reassuring, but at best, less than half of the common parasite species will be susceptible to such a drug. Table 15. Canine parasite species that exhibit little of no susceptibility to treatment with pyrantel (which is considered a narrow-spectrum drug) Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Isospora Dipylidium, Taenia Strongyloides, Dirofilaria, Trichuris, Capillaria Fleas, Sarcoptes, Cheyletiella, Demodex, Trombiculidae, tiques Note : Only a high percentage of Ancylostoma, Uncinaria, Toxocara and Toxascaris can be eliminated. Measures in addition to treatment. The importance of such measures relies on the fact that many parasites, especially in young animals, are transmissible to humans but can seldom be treated pharmacologically. It will be recalled that cryptosporidiosis affects some 15% of puppies under the age of 3 months and the giardiosis affects 25% of puppies under the age of 6 months, according to the data obtained in our laboratory. The drugs used against certain frequently encountered parasites cannot provide total control over these infections in all cases. Complementary measures for minimizing parasite infections in animals and humans: Remove feces from your environment on a daily basis and dispose of it in a trash can. Observe appropriate personal hygiene practices, such as washing your hands before meals. Keep children’s sanboxes covered when they are not in use and protect the places they frequent most often. Wear gloves when gardening. Give pets enough food so that they do not turn to hunting. Fence in your yard to keep out stray and wild animals. Keep skunks and racoons away by not leaving any trash cans outside and by blocking the underneath of sheds so that they cannot take refuge there. It is difficult, if not impossible, to decontaminate soil. You should only replace the top 15 cm, since eggs stay at the surface. Limit the places where the pet can defecate. Encourage those around you to take these measures. Pay close attention to animals that eat dung or feces. 21
Page 1 and 2: GUIDE TO PREVENTING PARASITE INFECT
Page 3 and 4: Contents 1. Species reported in dog
Page 5 and 6: Tapeworms Specific to dogs Specific
Page 7 and 8: Table 2. Canadian studies of the pr
Page 9 and 10: Capillaria spp. 0.1 0.9 Taenia spp.
Page 11 and 12: Table 6. Parasite prevalence in sam
Page 13 and 14: The total number of specimens from
Page 15 and 16: Table 12. List of canine and feline
Page 17 and 18: Toxocara canis 4 3 2 9 Toxoplasma 5
Page 19: 3.4 A program tailored to our condi
Page 23 and 24: Table 16. Egg density varies accord
Page 25 and 26: Table 20. Recommended techniques fo
Page 27 and 28: Giardia > Y ++ + + Taenia = ++ + ++
Page 29 and 30: Special terminology is used on labe
Page 31 and 32: Sarcophagidae (myiasis) Ivermectin*
Page 33 and 34: Table 25. List of drugs and their m
Page 35 and 36: There is another type of study that
Page 37 and 38: eed and place of birth, we can expe
Page 39 and 40: infected animal’s health. Since i
Page 41 and 42: Table 27. Number of cases of canine
Page 43 and 44: - In cats, prophylaxis can be achie
Page 45 and 46: Imidacloprid 8 weeks 2 to 12 hours
Page 47 and 48: HALAL F, Lampron F, Viens P. 1975.

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