Guide to Preventing Parasites.pdf - Royal Canin Canada

efore the treatment program is started and infests the inside of the home, the program,
because of its length, will eradicate these fleas in the months that follow.
When a man weighing more than 75 kg walks on a carpet containing cocoons, he causes
the emergence of 31% of the fleas after a single pass and 100% of them after the fifth
pass (Silverman et Rust, 1985). Studies have shown that during the summer, 90 to 95% of
fleas emerge between the 28 th and 35 th day and only a few between 35 th and 60 th day.
According to American studies, all fleas hatch within five months. However, European
authors have observed sporadic emergences up to 50 weeks after the start of pupation.
Fleas survive the winter only on infested animals or in places that are very well protected
against the cold. For a cat that roams outdoors, even in the winter, consideration might be
given to placing it on a year-round treatment, as it could take refuge in a flea-infested
shelter and bring some back into the home.
Flea products act quickly. Fleas jump onto animals and take a first blood meal almost
immediately, on average, within 30 seconds (Cadiergues et coll., 2000; Dryden et Rust,
1994). Mating takes place after the meal, and the female starts to lay eggs one to two
days later. Egg production is rather low during the first three days (Thomas et coll.,
1996).
Table 29. Details on antiflea agents for dogs and cats
Substance(s) Trade name(s) Formulation(s) Mechanism of
action
44
Action
Pyrethrins Several Powder, spray, etc. Sodium channels Adulticide
Permethrins* Defend, etc Topical Sodium channels Adulticide
Methoprene Ovicollar, etc Collar, spray Larvicide Growth inhibitor
Lufenuron Program
Sentinel
Imidacloprid Advantage,
Advantage
Multi
Tablets, injectable Larvicide Inhibits hatching
Topical Blocks
acétylcholine
receptors
Nitenpyram Capstar Tablets Blocks
acétylcholine
receptors
Adulticide
Adulticide
Selamectin Revolution Topical GABA antagonist Adulticide
Substance(s) Minimum age
for treating
Onset of action Duration of
residual effect
Pyrethrins 8 weeks Minutes Days < 1980
Permethrins* 8 weeks Minutes to 72 hours 4 weeks 1980
Methoprene No mention Slow 7 to 12 months 1994
Lufenuron 6 weeks (cats)
6 weeks (dogs)
Slow 32 to 45 days 1994
Year launched