The Patient Room: what is the ideal solution? - Cornell University

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Patient Room and Infection Control A 2003 study from Simon Fraser University looked at the use of single patient rooms versus multiple occupancy rooms in acute care environments across four hospitals in the Seattle area and Oregon of varying sizes (bed size of 117, 168, 450, and 697). While the percentage of single rooms varied from almost all to drastically less, the conclusions were quite similar. Fifty-seven percent of respondents said that the rate of nosocomial infection is either low or very low in single rooms whereas this number was only 10 percent in double rooms. On the other side, eleven percent said the infection rate is high or very high in single rooms compared to forty-six percent in double rooms (Chaudhury, Mahmood, Valente 2003). We can draw from this some very relevant conclusions. Using a range of different hospitals increases the validity of the study. Looking at how the data was collected we discover that survey data was used with 77 respondents total. Of these 77 there were 73 nursing staff members and four administrative staff members (one from each hospital). What we have then is a strong representation of front-line medical workers who are with patients on a very regular basis. These are the people who notice trends, know what is normal, know what patients want. They recognize which patients develop infections during their stay and which do not because it is part of their daily routine to chart all of these things. 14
Airborne Infection: Patient Room and Infection Control Walking down the halls of a med/surg unit you will notice signs on some of the doors noting contact, airborne or droplet precautions among others. These are so that visitors and staff know the patient in that room has some sort of condition that needs to be treated differently. Droplet precautions typically have a room under negative pressure and there will be a cart outside the room stocked with gloves, masks, gowns, etc… for people to put on before entering the room. Looking at the effect of single-bed rooms in reducing airborne infection, we see that in order to prevent the spread of pathogens they play a major role in increasing isolation capacity, facilitating filtration, ventilation, and airflow control. Patients are often immunocompromised and, therefore, more susceptible to disease of any kind. Being able to isolate those who are most contagious and at risk of infecting others keeps everyone safer (HERD Journal 2008). Methicillin-resistant Staphylocccus aureus (MRSA) is commonly thought to be spread by contact. While MRSA is spread by contact it is also airborne through infected patients shedding skin cells. Without an isolated room it would be extremely difficult to contain this type of infection (HERD Journal 2008). If all patient rooms were double-occupancy, how could this be effectively controlled? In the past, hoods have been used but their effectiveness and their being accepted by patients is subject. The advantage of isolation reaches beyond keeping other inpatients from becoming infected. Clinicians can treat the patient more routinely because they do not have to be concerned with outside factors. The patient that is already infected with one thing does not have to worry as much about further complications from other neighboring patients that may be infected with something completely different. Clearly, it is not solely the infected patient who benefits from being in a single-bed room. 15
Page 1 and 2: Design Dilemma DEA 4350 November 8t
Page 3 and 4: Executive Summary DEA 4530/6530 Pla
Page 6 and 7: The Patient Room: a complicated web
Page 8 and 9: History of Patient Rooms Historical
Page 10 and 11: History of Patient Rooms What happe
Page 12 and 13: HOT TOPIC1: INFECTION CONTROL 12
Page 16 and 17: Airborne Infection: Patient Room an
Page 18 and 19: How do these issues impact the admi
Page 20 and 21: Patient Room and Infection Control
Page 22 and 23: HOT TOPIC 2: SINGLE VS. MULTI-PATIE
Page 24 and 25: Why so much building Activity? •
Page 26 and 27: "With what we are learning about th
Page 28 and 29: New York City Construction Costs: i
Page 30 and 31: Single Patient Room and Safety What
Page 32 and 33: Single Patient Rooms and Safety: In
Page 34 and 35: Single Patient Room and Increased P
Page 36 and 37: Single Patient Room and Communicati
Page 38 and 39: Single Patient Room and Patient Sat
Page 40 and 41: Single Patient Room and Layout Comp
Page 42 and 43: Single Patient Room and Social Isol
Page 44 and 45: HOT TOPIC 3: EVIDENCE BASED DESIGN
Page 46 and 47: A closer look at Evidence-Based Des
Page 48 and 49: (Healthcare Design, 2006) Evidence-
Page 50 and 51: Evidence-Based Design: A Homelike A
Page 52 and 53: The Ideal Patient Room: proposed so
Page 54 and 55: To compensate for insufficient fund
Page 56: Safety, efficiency, and ease on sta
Page 59 and 60: esonance/ Resources continued: Inst

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