A Ecological Baseline Surveys Of: - Lake Bisina - Nature Uganda

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Factors such as temperature, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen; turbidity and pH interact to influence the abundance and distribution of biodiversity in wetland ecosystems. Variation in these parameters is influenced by the underlying geology, climatic factors, and land-use practices within the landscape. For example conductivity may increase in wetlands draining intensively cultivated watersheds and urban areas. An assessment was carried out on the above parameters in order to establish their baseline condition and explore possible human impacts on the wetlands. 7.2 Objectives, study sites and methods 7.2.1 Objectives • Produce guiding methods for each parameter to be used during and after the exercise. • Establish baseline information on water physical and chemical parameters identified (PH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity and total dissolved solids) • Take appropriate GPS coordinates for points from where sampling was done. • Make field observations and descriptions to support observed values in the field. • Produce a comprehensive report on the work done. 7.2.2 Study sites: (a) Opeta-Bisina wetland system It is located in eastern Uganda. The wetland system is characterized by open water that is clear with some emergent vegetation mainly of sedges and floating vegetation dominated by the day water lily Nymphaea sp and submerged water weeds. Some patches of Cyperus papyrus exist in areas with minimal agricultural encroachment. The main inflow into the Opeta system is through River Sironko. Five sites were sampled on both Bisina (3) and Opeta (2). The Bisina sites were: 1. Akide landing site. It is located on the north-eastern end of Lake Bisina and was accessed from Kumi town. 2) Kakor village landing site. Most of the shore to this site is grazing land and it is located where waterfowl counts are undertaken (starting point) and 3) Site is located towards the southern end of Lake Bisina but on the western shore of the Lake overlooking the rocks/hills on Soroti Kumi road. The point is located where the waterfowl crew usually rests. The two points on Opeta were located, one on the northern end of the lake at Agule village landing site in Opeta Parish. The immediate environs of the site are characterized by overgrazing and bush burning seems prevalent in the area. The second site on Opeta was located on River Sironko to get an insight into the quality of water flowing into the wetland. 100 Ecological Baseline Surveys of Lake Bisina, Lake Opeta, Lake Mburo and Nakivali Wetlands Systems
Fig. 11 Water quality survey of Lake Bisina - Opeta wetland sysyems (b) Nakivale-Mburo wetland complex The wetland complex is located in western Uganda in the districts of Isingiro and Mbarara. The main inflow into the wetland system is via River Rwizi that divides up downstream supplying water to both Lakes Nakivale and Mburo. The Nakivale water is mainly turbid with a greenish colour probably due to high concentrations of algae. Lake Mburo water is relatively less turbid compared to the Nakivale water. Shores of Lake Mburo and most of its catchments are relatively in pristine condition as opposed to those of Nakivale whose eastern end is mainly agricultural. Ten sampling sites were located within the Nakivale-Mburo wetland system both on the open water of the lakes and in streams and rivers draining into the wetland system. The sites were 1) River Rwizi just above the bridge on Mbarara-Kabale road, characterized by fast flowing water. 2) Kahirimbi landing site on Lake Nakivale characterized highly turbid waters. The eastern side of the shore is mainly agricultural land settled by refugees while the western end of the site comprises of forested hills with a mixture of grazing fields, and a papyrus swamp close to the lake shore. 3) Rukinga landing site on Lake Nakivale is similar to Kahirimbi in catchment condition but with the eastern side highly impacted by agriculture. 4) Kashojwa landing site directly opposite River Rwizi inflow into Lake Nakivale. 5) Kagogo site, located on the arm of the Rwizi River that flows into Lake Nakivale. Slow flowing water in a mainly papyrus swamp. 6) River Rwizi arm flowing into Lake Mburo. This constitutes the main river Rwizi channel that is fast flowing; site is located approximately 3km from Lake Mburo. The site is located in a pure stand of Cyperus papyrus. 7) Kigaaga river- it appears to be the main inlet into Lake Nakivale and Ecological Baseline Surveys of Lake Bisina, Lake Opeta, Lake Mburo and Nakivali Wetlands Systems 101
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Photo: Women fishing on Lake Bisina
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ECOLOGICAL BASELINE SURVEYS OF: LAK
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Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTROD
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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OF
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CHAPTER 2: BIRDS INVENTORY REPORT O
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2.3.2.2 Migratory classifications B
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A total of 194 species of birds wer
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Nakivali area is a refugee settleme
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and Sironko. The species list for t
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2.5.3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIO
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APENDICES Appendix 1: Relative abun
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405 COMMON SCIMITARBILL Rhinopmastu
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831 BROWN-CROWNED [=HEADED] TCHAGRA
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92 MONTAGU’S HARRIER Circus pygar
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593 WHINCHAT Saxicola rubetra 3.00
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Appendix 3: Bird species list for t
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204 TEMMINCK’S COURSER Cursorius
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469 BUFF-SPOTTED WOODPECKER Campeth
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833 BLACK-HEADED TCHAGRA Tchagra se
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84 WHITE-HEADED VULTURE Trigonoceps
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498 WHITE-HEADED SAW-WING [=ROUGHWI
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CHAPTER 3: Insects BUTTERFLY FAUNA
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3.3.1.2 Lake Opeta Lake Opeta and i
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3.4.1 Species Richness There were a
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weather conditions. On the other ha
Page 51 and 52: Appendices Appendix 1. Species list
Page 53 and 54: Appendix 2. Comparison of butterfly
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER 4: Plants RAPID ASSESSMENT
Page 57 and 58: 4.1.3 Plant diversity Plants offer
Page 59 and 60: Layer Family Species % cover Life f
Page 63 and 64: 4.1.7.4 Monitoring indicators and r
Page 65 and 66: Appendix 1; Checklist of plants in
Page 67 and 68: Family Species HABIT Poaceae Brachi
Page 69 and 70: 4.3.3 Results 4.3.3.1 Lake Bisina A
Page 73 and 74: 4.3.4 Ecosystems challenges This ec
Page 75 and 76: Appendix 1: Species Checklist Famil
Page 77 and 78: CHAPTER 5: FISH RAPID ASSESSMENT OF
Page 79 and 80: 5.5 Materials and Methods 5.5.1 Stu
Page 81 and 82: Fig. 8 Mammal survey sites in Opeta
Page 83 and 84: Table 2. The Mburo-Nakivali and Ope
Page 85 and 86: and Kyoga lake basins. The lakes in
Page 87 and 88: CHAPTER 6: MAMMALS INFORMATION ON M
Page 89 and 90: Fig. 9 Mammal survey sites in Opeta
Page 91 and 92: 6.3.1 Lake Mburo-Nakivali wetland s
Page 93 and 94: Felidae 5 Herpestidae 6 Herpestidae
Page 95 and 96: Appendix 1: Potential list of mamma
Page 97 and 98: Order Family Common Name Species Na
Page 99 and 100: Order Family Common Name Species Na
Page 101: CHAPTER 7: WATER QUALITY WATER QUAL
Page 105 and 106: Dissolved oxygen was measured using
Page 107 and 108: Turbidity Time Northings Eastings A
Page 109 and 110: References Beadle, L. C (1974) The
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A Ecological Baseline Surveys Of: - Lake Bisina - Nature Uganda

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