A Ecological Baseline Surveys Of: - Lake Bisina - Nature Uganda

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Fig. 1 Birds survey sites in Mburo – Nakivali wetland system These areas have been reported to have high bird diversity most notably the Grey Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum) which is IUCN listed as Near-threatened (Bird life, 2000). Other species of conservation concern that have been reported in these areas include the Papyrus Gonolek (Laniarius mufumbiri) - Near-threatened, Grauer’s Rush Warbler (Bradypterus graueri) – Endangered, and the Papyrus Yellow Warbler (Chloptera gracilirostris) - Vulnerable (Birdlife, 2000, Byaruhanga et al 2001). As one of the surrogates of biodiversity, birds especially those with special niche requirements in fragile habitats such as wetlands are regarded as biodiversity indicators as they provide good evidence of habitat modification, change or total loss through change in numbers or total extinctions. During our initiation tour of this wetland complex, only two of the above species (Papyrus Gonolek Laniarius mufumbiri and Grey Crowned Crane Balearica regulorum) were recorded and notably with less than five individuals for each. 2.4.2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The inventory concentrated more on the areas around Lake Nakivale. The Lake Mburo wetlands have been continuously monitored by various research groups in the past including NatureUganda, Wetlands Management Division, Uganda Wildlife Authority and National Environment Management Authority and other research institutions among others. Nevertheless, there are a few sites like Rubanga forest, the wetlands between L. Bwala and L. Kazuma and Kabwojo Island that are not easily accessible and thus have not been regularly surveyed. The wetlands of the Lake Nakivale area however have received less attention. That is why this survey team chose to make the counts in this area of the wetland system. The L. Mburo checklist of birds compiled during this survey has 319 species (Appendix 3) and is an improvement from the official list which had about 310 species (UNP 1994). 10 Ecological Baseline Surveys of Lake Bisina, Lake Opeta, Lake Mburo and Nakivali Wetlands Systems
A total of 194 species of birds were recorded during the 14 counts conducted within the Mburo- Nakivale wetland system. These included 30 migratory species and 22 species of conservation concern. Three forest specialists and 27 forest generalists were recorded (Table 1). Although the majority of species recorded were wetland species and forest visitors, three forest specialists Grey-Headed Sunbird (Deleornis axillaries), Olive Sunbird (Cyanomitra olivacea) and Black Cuckoo (Cuculus clamosus) were also recorded (Table 1). Table 1: Species recorded in the different habitat and migratory classes in the Mburo-Nakivale wetland system Habitat Number of species FF 3 F 27 f 46 W 62 G 16 Migration A 11 P 19 The migratory species included 11 Afro-tropical and 19 Palearctic migrants. Among the species of conservation concern, we had one globally and regionally vulnerable species the Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex), one globally vulnerable and regionally near-threatened species the Grey Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum), one globally and regionally near-threatened species African White-backed Vulture (Gyps africanus), three globally near-threatened species the Papyrus Gonolek (Laniarius mufumbiri), Bateleur (Terathopius ecaudatus) and Sooty Falcon (Falco concolor), one regionally vulnerable species the Great White Egret (Casmerodius alba), five regionally near-threatened species the Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), Woolly-Necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus), Rufous-Bellied Heron (Ardeola rufiventris), African Marsh Harrier (Circus ranivorus) and Brown Snake-Eagle (Circaetus cinereus) and ten species with regional responsibility (Table 2). The most abundant species were the Blue-Cheeked Bee-Eater Merops persicus, Grey-Headed Sunbird Deleornis axillaries, Klaas’ Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas, Yellow-Fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus chrysoconus, Cardinal Woodpecker Dendropicos fuscescens and Red-Billed Firefinch Lagonosticta senegala each with a relative abundance of six (Appendix 1). The results show that a significant number of species was recorded in the sensitive species classes which include the migrants, species of conservation concern and forest specialists. These species are usually regarded as the indicator species for habitat environmental health. The presence of these sensitive species in the area indicates that this wetland is very important in the conservation of the birds in the country and the world as a whole due to the presence of migrants. The conservation plan of this area should put into consideration the habitats of these species and ensure that they are conserved for the survival of the regional as well as the global populations. Ecological Baseline Surveys of Lake Bisina, Lake Opeta, Lake Mburo and Nakivali Wetlands Systems 11
Page 1 and 2: Photo: Women fishing on Lake Bisina
Page 3 and 4: ECOLOGICAL BASELINE SURVEYS OF: LAK
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTROD
Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OF
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 2: BIRDS INVENTORY REPORT O
Page 11: 2.3.2.2 Migratory classifications B
Page 15 and 16: Nakivali area is a refugee settleme
Page 17 and 18: and Sironko. The species list for t
Page 19 and 20: 2.5.3 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIO
Page 21 and 22: APENDICES Appendix 1: Relative abun
Page 23 and 24: 405 COMMON SCIMITARBILL Rhinopmastu
Page 25 and 26: 831 BROWN-CROWNED [=HEADED] TCHAGRA
Page 27 and 28: 92 MONTAGU’S HARRIER Circus pygar
Page 29 and 30: 593 WHINCHAT Saxicola rubetra 3.00
Page 31 and 32: Appendix 3: Bird species list for t
Page 33 and 34: 204 TEMMINCK’S COURSER Cursorius
Page 35 and 36: 469 BUFF-SPOTTED WOODPECKER Campeth
Page 37 and 38: 833 BLACK-HEADED TCHAGRA Tchagra se
Page 39 and 40: 84 WHITE-HEADED VULTURE Trigonoceps
Page 41 and 42: 498 WHITE-HEADED SAW-WING [=ROUGHWI
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 3: Insects BUTTERFLY FAUNA
Page 45 and 46: 3.3.1.2 Lake Opeta Lake Opeta and i
Page 47 and 48: 3.4.1 Species Richness There were a
Page 49 and 50: weather conditions. On the other ha
Page 51 and 52: Appendices Appendix 1. Species list
Page 53 and 54: Appendix 2. Comparison of butterfly
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER 4: Plants RAPID ASSESSMENT
Page 57 and 58: 4.1.3 Plant diversity Plants offer
Page 59 and 60: Layer Family Species % cover Life f
Page 61 and 62: Layer Family Species % cover Life f
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4.1.7.4 Monitoring indicators and r
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Appendix 1; Checklist of plants in
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Family Species HABIT Poaceae Brachi
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4.3.3 Results 4.3.3.1 Lake Bisina A
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Layer Family Species % cover Life f
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4.3.4 Ecosystems challenges This ec
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Appendix 1: Species Checklist Famil
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CHAPTER 5: FISH RAPID ASSESSMENT OF
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5.5 Materials and Methods 5.5.1 Stu
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Fig. 8 Mammal survey sites in Opeta
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Table 2. The Mburo-Nakivali and Ope
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and Kyoga lake basins. The lakes in
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CHAPTER 6: MAMMALS INFORMATION ON M
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Fig. 9 Mammal survey sites in Opeta
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6.3.1 Lake Mburo-Nakivali wetland s
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Felidae 5 Herpestidae 6 Herpestidae
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Appendix 1: Potential list of mamma
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Order Family Common Name Species Na
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Order Family Common Name Species Na
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CHAPTER 7: WATER QUALITY WATER QUAL
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Fig. 11 Water quality survey of Lak
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Dissolved oxygen was measured using
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Turbidity Time Northings Eastings A
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References Beadle, L. C (1974) The
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A Ecological Baseline Surveys Of: - Lake Bisina - Nature Uganda

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