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Frogs will just have to share <strong>the</strong> award. When <strong>the</strong> Association of Zoos and<br />

aquariums declared 2008 <strong>the</strong> Year of <strong>the</strong> Frog (which <strong>the</strong>y did <strong>in</strong> order to call<br />

attention to <strong>the</strong> global decl<strong>in</strong>e of frogs and o<strong>the</strong>r amphibians) <strong>the</strong>y <strong>me</strong>ant toads,<br />

too—because toads are a type of frog. And toads are actually more likely to show<br />

up <strong>in</strong> a typical garden, because <strong>the</strong>y are more adapted than o<strong>the</strong>r k<strong>in</strong>ds of frogs to<br />

terrestrial habitats (as opposed to aquatic ones.)<br />

What better way to celebrate than to roll out <strong>the</strong> red carpet <strong>for</strong> toads <strong>in</strong> your<br />

garden? They’re easy to attract and <strong>the</strong>y make great garden <strong>in</strong>habitants.<br />

Learn to recognize toads. There are many species of toads, but <strong>the</strong>y typically<br />

belong to <strong>the</strong> family Bufonidae. Toads generally have a stocky appearance, dry<br />

sk<strong>in</strong>, and short, thick legs with little webb<strong>in</strong>g between <strong>the</strong>ir toes. They move<br />

around by walk<strong>in</strong>g and rak<strong>in</strong>g short, quick hops ra<strong>the</strong>r than massive leaps or<br />

underwater dives. Many sport tan, gray and brown patterns that camouflage <strong>the</strong>m<br />

<strong>in</strong> dry leaves or rocky terra<strong>in</strong>. These adaptations allow <strong>the</strong>m to range fur<strong>the</strong>r from<br />

water <strong>for</strong> longer and survive <strong>in</strong> dryer ecosystems than o<strong>the</strong>r frogs.<br />

Build a toad kitchen. To provide food <strong>for</strong> toads, select native plants <strong>for</strong> your<br />

garden. This isn’t because toads eat plants—like all amphibians, <strong>the</strong>y are<br />

carnivorous, consum<strong>in</strong>g any liv<strong>in</strong>g th<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>y can capture with <strong>the</strong>ir sticky tongues<br />

and stuff down <strong>the</strong>ir throats. So<strong>me</strong> large species tackle mice, snakes and even<br />

o<strong>the</strong>r frogs, but <strong>in</strong>sects and o<strong>the</strong>r <strong>in</strong>vertebrates are <strong>the</strong> most common prey. You<br />

have <strong>the</strong> best chance of attract<strong>in</strong>g a healthy <strong>in</strong>sect population—and thus, happy<br />

toads—with native plants.<br />

Dial back your level of control. Garden designs that are <strong>not</strong> overly tidy provide<br />

good habitat <strong>for</strong> <strong>in</strong>sects and shelter <strong>for</strong> toads. If you cr<strong>in</strong>ge at <strong>the</strong> thought of<br />

provid<strong>in</strong>g habitat <strong>for</strong> <strong>in</strong>sects, re<strong>me</strong>mber that toads are voracious predators that<br />

will help keep pests <strong>in</strong> check. Toads are actually a far better <strong>me</strong>thod of pest<br />

control than toxic chemicals, which don’t kill just <strong>in</strong>sects—<strong>the</strong>y kill toads,<br />

too. Amphibians as a group are extre<strong>me</strong>ly sensitive to tox<strong>in</strong>s, which <strong>the</strong>y readily<br />

absorb through <strong>the</strong>ir sk<strong>in</strong>. And speak<strong>in</strong>g of toad sk<strong>in</strong> and tox<strong>in</strong>s, toads don’t have<br />

warts. The bumps on <strong>the</strong>ir sk<strong>in</strong> are called aprotid glands, and <strong>the</strong>y produce tox<strong>in</strong>s<br />

that make toads taste bad to predators. You CANNOT get warts by touch<strong>in</strong>g a<br />

toad.<br />

Give tadpoles a pool. Although adult toads are terrestrial, <strong>the</strong>y rely on stand<strong>in</strong>g<br />

water <strong>for</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir eggs and tadpoles. If you don’t have a lake or pond nearby, create a<br />

simple garden pond. Bigger is better, but even small, prefabricated plastic pools<br />

work, provided <strong>the</strong>y have gradually slop<strong>in</strong>g sides or plenty of vegetation and<br />

branches dipp<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> water to allow <strong>the</strong> toads easy entry and exit. Toads will

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