Of GOd(s), Trees, KinGs, and schOlars - University College London

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a “new” cylinder inscriPTiOn Of sarGOn ii Of assyria frOm melid aBsTracT Grant frame A previously unpublished fragment of a clay cylinder that is currently in the Archaeological Museum in Malatya preserves part of an inscription of the Assyrian king Sargon II. In as far as it is preserved, the text refers to the creation of objects and/or temples at Nineveh and Kalḫu, the construction of the city of Dur-Šarrukin, military campaigns to the East and Northeast, the resettlement of peoples in the West and Northwest, and, after a lengthy break, the flight of Marduk-apla-iddina II (Merodach-Baladan) to Dur-Iakin and the Assyrians’ capture and destruction of that city. The inscription should date to 707 (or later). Three inscriptions of the Assyrian king Sargon II (721–705 b c e) have been found at Arslantepe in eastern Turkey. In 1938, his third season of excavations at the site, Louis Delaporte found two fragments of “barillets” with inscriptions of Sargon II under the pavement of an Assyrian palace (Delaporte 1939: 54, 1940: 9). The two fragments were placed in the Ankara Museum and their inscriptions were not published, although Benno Landsberger stated that they agreed exactly with the text of the king’s annals (“stimmt wörtlich mit den Annalen überein”) (Kalaç 1940–1941: 990–991 and 1011, Landsberger 1948a: 76–77 n. 213 and 1948b: 81 n. 213, Hawkins 1993: 38). 1 A third fragment of a clay cylinder with an inscription of Sargon was found in 1968 by an Italian archaeological mission and was published in 1975 by Giorgio Castellino (Castellino 1975); for more on this text, see Addendum 1. In 1996, at the request of J.D. Hawkins, the staff of the Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi in Ankara made a search for the two pieces discovered by Delaporte, but was unable to find them. Two cylinder fragments, 1 Translations of the two works in Turkish were kindly made for me by Ecer Kocaman. Hawkins refers to the two pieces as fragments of “prisms” but Delaporte described them as “barillets,” Kalaç as “silindir,” and Landsberger as “silindir” and “Zylinder.” Thus, it is likely that they were fragments of simple cylinders (like the two pieces from Melid found by Italian excavations; see below) or multifaceted, prism-like cylinders (such as Sargon’s cylinders from Khorsabad; see Addendum 2).
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