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Welcome<br />
The Boston Society of Architects/AIA is a Registered Provider with<br />
The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems.<br />
Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES<br />
Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA<br />
members are available on request.<br />
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing<br />
professional education. As such, it does not include content that may<br />
be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA<br />
of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling,<br />
using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions<br />
related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed<br />
at the conclusion of this presentation.
This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws.<br />
Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without<br />
written permission of the speaker is prohibited.<br />
© 2012 PPPapesch, AIA<br />
Copyright materials<br />
© 2012 Scott Simpson, FAIA<br />
© 2012 Azadeh Omidfar, LEED AP<br />
© 2012 Alstan Jakubiec, PhD candidate in Building Technology, MIT
Learning Objectives<br />
To understand the Tools, Skills and Methods of the<br />
Integrated Design Process (IDP)<br />
To understand the Tools, Skills and Methods of the<br />
Integrated Project Delivery Process (IPD)<br />
To understand the Tools, Skills and Methods of<br />
Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its<br />
relationship to IDP and IPD<br />
To understand the Mindset of Systems Thinking and<br />
Ecological Literacy
IDP, IPD and BIM - Tools, Skills,<br />
Methods and Mindsets<br />
Peter Papesch, AIA, Architect-developer and Educator,<br />
Chair of BSA Sustainability Education Committee, moderator<br />
Scott Simpson, FAIA, LEED AP, Sr. Director, Kling<br />
Stubbins<br />
Azadeh Omidfar, LEED AP, Energy and Daylighting<br />
modeler<br />
Alstan Jakubiec, PhD candidate in Building Technology,<br />
MIT
Scott Simpson, FAIA, LEED AP<br />
Senior Director, KlingStubbins<br />
HOW BIM AND IPD ARE TRANSFORMING DESIGN (IDP)
Current State of the AEC Industry<br />
30% of projects do not make schedule or budget.<br />
CMAA Industry Report 2007<br />
37% of materials used in the construction industry become<br />
waste. Movement for Innovation Industry Reports and Economist Magazine 2002<br />
92% of owners believe architects’ drawings are not<br />
sufficient for construction. CMAA Owners Survey 2005
AIA – B101<br />
Architect/<br />
Engineer<br />
Contracts: designed to fail<br />
Owner<br />
Project<br />
AIA – A102<br />
General<br />
Contractor<br />
Introduction
Generic Team Structures<br />
O<br />
A CM<br />
O<br />
A/E CM<br />
D/B<br />
A/E<br />
2002 2012 2022<br />
O<br />
CM
The New Reality<br />
Projects are more complex, requiring bigger teams.<br />
Budgets are tighter.<br />
Schedules are faster.<br />
Firms must be tech-savvy.<br />
Design is becoming global.<br />
Technology<br />
Design<br />
Business<br />
Result: A premium on collaboration, integration, scale, and leadership
Game Changers<br />
Sustainability (LEED)<br />
Technology (BIM)<br />
Process Innovation (IPD)
IPD Contract Principles<br />
IPD requires….<br />
early substantive<br />
involvement of key<br />
participants<br />
joint project management<br />
liability waiver/reallocation –<br />
zero litigation<br />
joint sharing of risk and loss<br />
through a profit/incentive<br />
pool<br />
...so . that<br />
expert knowledge is considered when<br />
it can make the greatest impact<br />
all parties are meaningfully engaged<br />
throughout the project<br />
project team acts in best interest<br />
of project<br />
project team proactively accepts and<br />
minimizes collective risk rather than<br />
individually avoiding and transferring<br />
risk
Introduction
What are the IPD benefits for the OWNER?<br />
� Designers and contractors together “own” your program and vision<br />
� Continuous design validation and optimization<br />
� Zero non-discretionary change orders<br />
� Faster<br />
� Lower cost and/or more building for the dollar<br />
� Project advocates everywhere
What are the IPD benefits for the ARCHITECT?<br />
� True Alignment with your Builder<br />
� Collective ‘ownership’ of your Design<br />
� Quality is rewarded<br />
� Participation without losses<br />
� Liability risk reduction<br />
� Significant upside fee potential<br />
� More building for the dollar
What are the IPD benefits for the CONTRACTOR?<br />
� Eliminates conflict<br />
� Participation in the creative process<br />
� Higher quality subcontractors<br />
� Smarter, leaner, safer and faster<br />
� Builds relationships and repeat clients<br />
� Lowers risk
Architect<br />
Builder<br />
HVAC Sub<br />
Mechanical Engineer<br />
Electrical Engineer<br />
Case study discussion: design reflections
IPD Contract Documents<br />
Transitional Agreements<br />
� A195 – Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contactor<br />
for IPD<br />
� B195 – Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for<br />
IPD<br />
� A295 – General Conditions of the Contract for IPD<br />
Single Purpose Entity<br />
C195 - Standard Form of Single Purpose Entity Agreement for IPD<br />
� C196 - Standard Form of Agreement Between SPE and Owner for IPD<br />
� C197 - Standard Form of Agreement Between SPE and Non-owner<br />
Member for IPD
IPD Contract Documents<br />
ConsensusDOCS<br />
� ConsenusDOCS 300 Standard Form of Tri-Party Agreement for<br />
Collaborative Project Delivery<br />
� ConsensusDOCS 301 BIM Addendum
IPD Resources<br />
� AIA Guide to IPD http://www.aia.org/ipdg<br />
� White papers CURT/AGC/AIA IPD white<br />
paper<br />
AIA California IPD Guide<br />
AIA California IPD – A Working Definition<br />
� ConsensusDOCS http://www.consensusdocs.org/
© 2009 Jeff Goldberg/ESTO
Digital design to fabrication<br />
Using a digital workflow, the millwork sub- contractor<br />
created design elements for the undulating ceiling<br />
directly from the building information model, enabling<br />
faster project delivery and sustainable construction,<br />
with less waste.<br />
Case study discussion: design reflections
Sustainable Design: View Optimization<br />
Case study discussion: design reflections
MEP/FP Coordination
© 2009 Jeff Goldberg/ESTO
© 2009 Jeff Goldberg/ESTO
Construction<br />
© 2009 Jeff Goldberg/ESTO
BIM in Practice, or<br />
understanding the Tools, Skills and Methods of<br />
Building Information Modeling (BIM)<br />
and its relationship to IDP and IPD<br />
Azadeh Omidfar, LEED AP<br />
Alstan Jakubiec, PhD candidate in<br />
Building Technology, MIT
Cambridge Solar Potential Map<br />
Interoperability between GIS data, city databases, 3D<br />
modeling tools, weather data and simulation tools.<br />
Goal: To predict solar photovoltaic potential of every rooftop<br />
in Cambridge, MA.<br />
http://cambridgema.gov/solar/
Three things need to be correct to make a good prediction of<br />
photovoltaic potential:<br />
Climate Data, Geometry, and an Accurate Simulation Engine<br />
Climate Data<br />
Simulation Engine<br />
Geometry
We surveyed 11 existing photovoltaic potential maps in the United<br />
States. Only one accurately accounted for measured climate data.
Four represented the geometry of the city’s roofs and landscape<br />
properly.<br />
Annual Irradiation Map, Harvard Square Area<br />
Accurate Rooftop Geometry Flat Rooftop Geometry
No map used a simulation engine that accounted for temperature,<br />
shading from the urban context and reflections from adjacent<br />
buildings.
We constructed a detailed 3D model of the city from LiDAR<br />
measurements and used it in a validated daylight simulation model<br />
accounting for typical climate data.
In the end, we checked our predictions against measured data and at<br />
first found that we didn’t predict rooftop temperature very well.<br />
Measured Versus Predicted Photovoltaic Energy Production
It pays to investigate the ‘black box’ nature of architectural<br />
performance simulations and know what assumptions are being<br />
employed.<br />
Screen Captures from the Live Cambridge Solar Map.<br />
http://cambridgema.gov/solar/
Zaha Hadid- Budapest<br />
Hungary<br />
>Enota- Podčetrtek Sports Hall >Zaha Hadid-Performing Arts >Tom Faulder-Airspace >FOA-John Lewis<br />
Slovenia<br />
Dubai<br />
Tokyo<br />
Leicester, UK
Sun path diagram<br />
June-December December - June
Overhang Light Shelf Louvers
Optimal Solution
Energy Consumption in relation to WWR<br />
Sweet Spot
Parameters to construct and manipulate the geometry
Mindset of Systems Thinking<br />
Peter Papesch, AIA<br />
Architect-Developer & Educator<br />
Chair, BSA Sustainability Education Committee<br />
papesch@mac.com<br />
617 267-6598
Economic System<br />
Cultural System<br />
Transportation System<br />
Structural System<br />
MEP Systems<br />
.<br />
.<br />
.<br />
Examples of Systems
Economic System<br />
Cultural System<br />
Transportation System<br />
Structural System<br />
MEP Systems<br />
.<br />
.<br />
.<br />
Every System has its Tools,<br />
Skills and Methods
Tools, Skills and Methods enable<br />
designers to achieve their goals
Goals in the construction industry<br />
result in projects, which are located<br />
within a context
The effects of our projects on<br />
their/our context<br />
Buildings emit 48% of CO2, larger than<br />
Industry and Transportation<br />
and<br />
Buildings consume 70% of electricity<br />
produced
100<br />
Energy units<br />
-70<br />
Power Plant Power Grid Motor/Drivetrain Pump/Throttle Pipe<br />
% -9 % -12 % -55 % -20 %<br />
10 %<br />
Delivered flow<br />
The effects of our projects on<br />
their/our context
100 50<br />
Energy units<br />
-70<br />
Power Plant Power Grid Motor/Drivetrain Pump/Throttle Pipe<br />
% -9 % -12 % -55 % -20 %<br />
5 %<br />
Delivered flow<br />
The effects of our projects on<br />
their/our context
Systems Thinking illustrated by<br />
how we fit into climate
Why is a system like a ballpark?
Climate Form<br />
=<br />
Systems within<br />
Weather<br />
systems within<br />
systems ...<br />
Climate Functions<br />
=<br />
Seasons, Cycles
Severe Storm<br />
computer model<br />
illustration by<br />
Edward R. Tufte et al
conceptual<br />
concrete<br />
abstract<br />
quantitative<br />
qualitative<br />
mechanical<br />
organic<br />
process<br />
isolated<br />
closed<br />
open<br />
natural<br />
designed<br />
System as Sphere
Human structures<br />
have intellectual<br />
& technological<br />
underpinnings<br />
Termite structures<br />
have genetic<br />
underpinnings<br />
BOTH<br />
exhibit distinctly different metabolisms
Why is a system like a ballpark?
Consider the effects of our projects<br />
on their/our context<br />
Peter Papesch, AIA, moderator – papesch@mac.com<br />
Scott Simpson, FAIA - ssimpson@klingstubbins.com<br />
Azadeh Omidfar, LEED AP - aomidfarh@post.harvard.edu<br />
Alstan Jakubiec, PhD Candidate, MIT - jakubiec@mit.edu
Thank you.<br />
This concludes The American Institute of<br />
Architects Continuing Education Systems<br />
program.<br />
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