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nociones de pobreza y políticas hacia los pobres en tucumán en la ...

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RESUMEN<br />

La <strong>pobreza</strong> no pue<strong>de</strong> ser analizada<br />

sólo <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> una perspectiva<br />

política o económica. La complejidad<br />

<strong>de</strong> esta problemática amerita<br />

que el acervo común ci<strong>en</strong>tífico-social<br />

ponga <strong>en</strong> juego sus métodos,<br />

conceptos, técnicas <strong>de</strong> análisis e<br />

hipótesis <strong>de</strong> trabajo, para atacar<br />

<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> difer<strong>en</strong>tes ángu<strong>los</strong> <strong>de</strong>l conocimi<strong>en</strong>to<br />

ci<strong>en</strong>tífico <strong>la</strong>s múltiples<br />

aristas que pres<strong>en</strong>ta <strong>la</strong> controvertida<br />

re<strong>la</strong>ción <strong>en</strong>tre expectativas, necesida<strong>de</strong>s<br />

y car<strong>en</strong>cias que se albergan<br />

<strong>en</strong> una sociedad concreta.<br />

Des<strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> perspectiva histórica,<br />

merece <strong>la</strong> p<strong>en</strong>a preguntarse por <strong>la</strong><br />

<strong>pobreza</strong> y <strong>la</strong>s formas que adoptó<br />

<strong>la</strong> exclusión social <strong>en</strong> el pasado.<br />

En este marco, el pres<strong>en</strong>te artículo<br />

pret<strong>en</strong><strong>de</strong> aproximarse al f<strong>en</strong>óm<strong>en</strong>o<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>pobreza</strong> <strong>en</strong> Tucumán durante<br />

una etapa signada por una<br />

gran convulsión política y económica<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> primera mitad <strong>de</strong>l siglo<br />

XIX. En este s<strong>en</strong>tido, se persigue<br />

<strong>de</strong>finir qué se <strong>en</strong>t<strong>en</strong>día por <strong>pobreza</strong>;<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntificar <strong>los</strong> parámetros que<br />

<strong>la</strong> <strong>de</strong>limitaban; reconocer <strong>los</strong> factores<br />

que <strong>de</strong>s<strong>en</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>naban e impulsaban<br />

<strong>la</strong> pauperización y <strong>de</strong>tectar<br />

<strong>la</strong>s formas que adoptaron <strong>la</strong>s<br />

<strong>políticas</strong> asist<strong>en</strong>ciales implem<strong>en</strong>tadas<br />

<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> el po<strong>de</strong>r político <strong>en</strong> el<br />

transcurso <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> primera mitad <strong>de</strong>l<br />

siglo XIX.<br />

162<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

María Pau<strong>la</strong> Parolo<br />

Poverty can not be analysed<br />

just from the political or economical<br />

point of view. Such a complex<br />

issue <strong>de</strong>serves all sci<strong>en</strong>tific and social<br />

disciplines to work with their<br />

methods, concepts, analysis techniques<br />

and hypothesis in or<strong>de</strong>r to<br />

face, from various angles, the multiple<br />

edges which the re<strong>la</strong>tion betwe<strong>en</strong><br />

expectations, needs and<br />

shortages repres<strong>en</strong>t in a concrete<br />

society.<br />

From the historical point of view,<br />

it is worth to question poverty and<br />

the forms that social exclusion has<br />

adopted in the past. In such context,<br />

this paper int<strong>en</strong>ds to approach<br />

the poverty ph<strong>en</strong>om<strong>en</strong>on in Tucumán<br />

during a period marked by<br />

a great political and economical<br />

convulsion in the first half of the XIX<br />

c<strong>en</strong>tury. In this s<strong>en</strong>se, we attempt<br />

to: <strong>de</strong>fine what “poverty” meant;<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntify the parameters which <strong>de</strong>fined<br />

poverty and marginality; to<br />

recognise the factors which started<br />

and promoted impoverishm<strong>en</strong>t and<br />

to <strong>de</strong>tect the forms of assistance<br />

policies implem<strong>en</strong>ted by the political<br />

power during the first half of the<br />

XIX c<strong>en</strong>tury.

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