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íèè ñ êóëüòóðíî-ïîëèòè÷åñêîé<br />
òî÷êè çðåíèÿ. Êðîìå àññèðèéñêîãî,<br />
îíè íå âëàäåëè äðóãèìè<br />
ÿçûêàìè, ÷òî îñëîæíÿëî èõ âîâëå÷åíèå<br />
â îáùåñòâåííî-ïîëèòè-<br />
÷åñêóþ æèçíü Ãðóçèè â òî âðåìÿ.<br />
85-90% íàñåëåíèÿ íå óìåëè<br />
÷èòàòü è ïèñàòü. Åäèíèöû çíàëè<br />
àññèðèéñêóþ ãðàìîòó, íåñêîëüêî<br />
÷åëîâåê âëàäåëè ðóññêèì ÿçûêîì.<br />
 ñåëå Ñòàðàÿ Êàíäà ê êîíöó<br />
20-õ ãã. ïðîøëîãî âåêà 90-95%<br />
íàñåëåíèÿ íå çíàëè àçáóêè.<br />
Âî âòîðîé ïîëîâèíå 20-õ ãã.<br />
 Ãðóçèè ôóíêöèîíèðîâàëè òðè<br />
àññèðèéñêèå øêîëû ïåðâîé ñòóïåíè.<br />
Èç íèõ 2 øêîëû â Òáèëèñè<br />
è îäíà â ñ. Ñòàðàÿ Êàíäà (â íàñòîÿùåå<br />
âðåìÿ àññèðèéñêèå øêîëû<br />
íå ñóùåñòâóþò). Ó àññèðèéöåâ<br />
íå áûëî çäàíèÿ äëÿ ñîáñòâåííîé<br />
øêîëû è ïðèõîäèëîñü ó÷èòüñÿ â<br />
ðàçëè÷íûõ øêîëàõ. Ìíîãèå<br />
àññèðèéñêèå äåòè îáó÷àëèñü â<br />
ïîëüñêèõ è ðóññêèõ øêîëàõ.<br />
Íåñìîòðÿ íà áîëüøîå æåëàíèå<br />
ïîëó÷èòü îáðàçîâàíèå, èç-çà<br />
ïðåïÿòñòâóþùèõ óñëîâèé,<br />
ìíîãèå ïîäðîñòêè îñòàëèñü çà<br />
äâåðüìè øêîë. 11 Àññèðèéñêèå<br />
øêîëû äåéñòâîâàëè äî 1937 ã..<br />
Àññèðèéñêèé ÿçûê, íîâîñèðèéñêèé<br />
ÿçûê, ÿâëÿåòñÿ îáùèì íàçâàíèåì<br />
ñîâðåìåííîãî âîñòî÷íîàðàìåéñêîãî<br />
äèàëåêòà, íà êîòîðîì<br />
ðàçãîâàðèâàþò àññèðèéöû<br />
(ñèðèéöû). ßçûê áîãàò äèàëåêòàìè,<br />
èç êîòîðûõ â Ãðóçèè<br />
ìîæíî âñòðåòèòü ñàëàìàññêèé,<br />
âàíñêèé, äæèëó, òèàðñêèé è<br />
óðìèéñêèé äèàëåêòû. Óðìèéñêèé<br />
äèàëåêò áûë ïîëîæåí â<br />
îñíîâó ëèòåðàòóðíîãî ÿçûêà,<br />
êîòîðûé ñôîðìèðîâàëñÿ â 40-õ<br />
ãã. ïðîøëîãî âåêà. 12<br />
Íàïðèìåð, â îäíîì èç ðàéîíîâ<br />
Òáèëèñè Âàêå ðàçãîâàðèâàþò íà<br />
äèàëåêòå äæèëó, à âî âòîðîì<br />
ðàéîíå Êóêèà – èñïîëüçóþò<br />
âàíñêèé äèàëåêò. Â Ãàðäàáàíè<br />
ðàçãîâàðèâàþò íà áîòàíñêîì 13 è<br />
óðìèéñêîì äèàëåêòå. Â ñåëå<br />
Ñòàðàÿ Êàíäà íà óðìèéñêîì<br />
äèàëåêòå, à â çàïàäíîé Ãðóçèè<br />
íà äèàëåêòå òõóìà.<br />
Ïðîæèâàþùèå â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ<br />
â Ãðóçèè àññèðèéöû ÿâëÿþòñÿ<br />
ðóññêîÿçû÷íûìè. Èñêëþ÷åíèåì<br />
ÿâëÿþòñÿ ëèøü àññèðèéöû èç<br />
ñåëà Ñòàðàÿ Êàíäà. Çäåøíèå<br />
àññèðèéöû ïî÷òè íèêàê íå îòëè-<br />
÷àþòñÿ îò ìåñòíîãî ãðóçèíñêîãî<br />
íàñåëåíèÿ. Îíè â ñîâåðøåíñòâå<br />
âëàäåþò ãðóçèíñêèì ÿçûêîì è<br />
îáðàçîâàíèå ïîëó÷àþò â ãðóçèíñêèõ<br />
ñåëàõ. Àññèðèéñêîìó æå ÿçûêó<br />
ó÷àòñÿ, â îñíîâíîì, â ñåìüÿõ.<br />
Àññèðèéöû, êîòîðûå ïðîæèâàþò<br />
â Ãàðäàáàíè, ïî÷òè ïîëíîñòüþ<br />
ÿâëÿþòñÿ ðóññêîÿçû÷íûìè è<br />
ïîëó÷àþò îáðàçîâàíèå â ðóññêîé<br />
øêîëå. Ðîäíîìó ÿçûêó îáó÷àþòñÿ,<br />
â îñíîâíîì, â ñåìüÿõ.  îòëè÷èå<br />
îò ñòàðøåãî ïîêîëåíèÿ,<br />
ñðàâíèòåëüíî õîðîøî âëàäååò<br />
ãðóçèíñêèì ÿçûêîì ìîëîäîå<br />
ïîêîëåíèå.<br />
Òáèëèññêèé àññèðèéöû ïîëó÷àþò<br />
îáðàçîâàíèå â ðóññêîÿçû÷íûõ<br />
è ãðóçèíîÿçû÷íûõ øêîëàõ.<br />
Ïðåäïî÷òåíèå ïðèäàåòñÿ âñåòàêè<br />
ðóññêîÿçû÷íûì øêîëàì,<br />
òàê êàê àññèðèéöû îðèåíòèðîâàíû<br />
íà èììèãðàöèþ â Ðîññèþ<br />
è ïîëó÷åíèå îáðàçîâàíèÿ íà<br />
ðóññêîì ÿçûêå äëÿ íèõ áîëåå<br />
ïåðñïåêòèâíî. Àññèðèéñêîå<br />
íàñåëåíèå Òáèëèñè áîëåå-ìåíåå<br />
âëàäååò ãðóçèíñêèì ÿçûêîì.<br />
Ðîäíîé ÿçûê èçó÷àþò, â îñíîâíîì,<br />
â ñåìüÿõ. Â ïîñëåäíèå<br />
ãîäû ñòàëî âîçìîæíûì èçó÷åíèå<br />
ðîäíîãî ÿçûêà è â âîñêðåñíîé<br />
øêîëå ïðè Öåðêâè, ãäå ìîëîäûì<br />
ëþäÿì ïðîâîäÿò ñïåöèàëüíûå<br />
ó÷åáíûå êóðñû ïî ÿçûêó.<br />
Ïðîáëåìû, Ñóùåñòâóþùèå<br />
â Ñôåðå Êóëüòóðû<br />
Îäíî âðåìÿ â Ãðóçèè èçäàâàëèñü<br />
àññèðèéñêèé æóðíàë è ãàçåòà,<br />
33<br />
33<br />
íà ñòðàíèöàõ êîòîðûõ ñèñòåìàòè÷åñêè<br />
ïå÷àòàëèñü ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ<br />
ìåñòíûõ àññèðèéöåâ,<br />
ôîëüêëîðíûå ìàòåðèàëû, ïåðåâîäû<br />
ãðóçèíñêîé ëèòåðàòóðû. Â<br />
1913-14 ãã. Â Òáèëèñè èçäàâàëñÿ<br />
æóðíàë «Ìîäèíõà» (Âîñòîê),<br />
êîòîðûé âûõîäèë îäèí ðàç â äâå<br />
íåäåëè. Æóðíàë ïðåäíàçíà÷àëñÿ,<br />
â îñíîâíîì, äëÿ àññèðèéöåâ,<br />
ïðîæèâàþùèõ â ñòðàíàõ<br />
Þæíîãî Êàâêàçà è Ðîññèè.<br />
 1926-1938 ãã.  Òáèëèñè<br />
èçäàâàëàñü àññèðèéñêàÿ ãàçåòà<br />
«Êîõâà Ìàäèíõà» (Çâåçäà Âîñòîêà).<br />
14 Ôóíêöèîíèðîâàëè<br />
ðàçëè÷íûå êðóæêè. Çà êîðîòêèé<br />
ñðîê ñôîðìèðîâàëàñü àññèðèéñêàÿ<br />
èíòåëëèãåíöèÿ. Íî, â ðåçóëüòàòå<br />
ðåïðåññèé 1937 ãîäà<br />
áûëè çàêðûòû øêîëû è èçäàòåëüñòâî,<br />
ðåïðåññèè êîñíóëèñü<br />
òàêæå è àññèðèéñêîé èíòåëëèãåíöèè.<br />
 1952 ãîäó âïåðâûå â Ñîâåòñêîì<br />
Ñîþçå áûë ñîçäàí Àíñàìáëü<br />
àññèðèéñêèõ ïåñåí è òàíöåâ ïîä<br />
ðóêîâîäñòâîì Àíãåëèíû Ãðèãîëèÿ,<br />
15 ôóíêöèîíèðîâàë êëóá<br />
ëþáèòåëåé àññèðèéñêîé ñëîâåñíîñòè,<br />
êîòîðûé áûë çàíÿò ïðîïàãàíäîé<br />
ðîäíîãî ÿçûêà è ëèòåðàòóðû.<br />
Òóò æèë è ðàáîòàë àññèðèéñêèé<br />
ïèñàòåëü Ðàáè Äàâèä<br />
Èëèàíè, èìÿ êîòîðîãî âíåñåíî<br />
â Ãðóçèíñêóþ ñîâåòñêóþ ýíöèêëîïåäèþ<br />
çà åãî ïëîäîòâîðíóþ<br />
äåÿòåëüíîñòü. 16<br />
 1990-õ ãã.  Ãðóçèè ôóíêöèîíèðîâàëè<br />
òàíöåâàëüíûå àíñàìáëè<br />
«Íèíåâèÿ» è «Äàéàíà», 17<br />
íî, èõ äåÿòåëüíîñòü çàòðóäíåíà<br />
èç-çà ôèíàíñîâûõ ïðîáëåì.<br />
Ñåãîäíÿ îñíîâíûì ôàêòîðîì,<br />
çàòðóäíÿþùèì êóëüòóðíóþ<br />
æèçíü àññèðèéöåâ, ÿâëÿåòñÿ<br />
îòñóòñòâèå ðåãóëÿðíîãî ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ.<br />
Èõ êóëüòóðíàÿ<br />
àêòèâíîñòü âî âðåìÿ íåêîòîðûõ<br />
íàöèîíàëüíûõ ïðàçäíèêîâ çàâè-<br />
<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />
<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />
<strong>Àìãàðäçèíàä</strong><br />
<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />
<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />
Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />
}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />
Solidarität<br />
<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />
<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />
<strong>Àìãàðäçèíàä</strong><br />
<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />
<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />
Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />
}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />
Solidarität<br />
<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />
<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />
<strong>Àìãàðäçèíàä</strong><br />
<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />
<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />
Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />
}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />
Solidarität<br />
<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />
<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />
<strong>Àìãàðäçèíàä</strong><br />
<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />
<strong>solidaroba</strong><br />
Ñîëiäàðíiñòü<br />
}<strong>'vh'mksr</strong><br />
Ñîëèäàðíîñòü<br />
Solidarität<br />
<strong>Hewrazibun</strong><br />
<strong>Fluskfhf</strong><br />
<strong>Àìãàðäçèíàä</strong><br />
<strong>Solidarity</strong><br />
<strong>solidaroba</strong>
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