booklet aceh barat.pdf - Balai Penelitian Tanah

In the frequently inundated basin in coastal areas, the soil is Endoaquepts.
Generally the upper marine terraces (2 – 5 m above sea level) have a better
drainage than other marine groups. The soils are Dystrudepts, Eutrudepts, and
Endoaquepts. Land uses are shrubs, bushes and in some places settlements, home
garden, upland crops, rubber garden, including large oil palm and rubber
plantations.
2.2.3. Peat-dome Group
Peat dome group is usually located behind the marine group and is mostly
inundated. The depth of peat soil ranges from 0.5 to 3 meters and in some places
could be more than 9 m. Land uses are mostly dominated by swampy peat forest
and swampy shrubs and bushes, smallholder rubber plantation, oil palm plantation,
settlement and vegetable crops.
2.2.4. Tectonic Group
Tectonic group was formed through uplifting of earth crust by tectonic
activities. This group is subdivided into moderately dissected undulating to rolling
tectonic plain, rolling to hilly tectonic and tectonic mountain. The soils are developed
from fine to coarse sedimentary materials. In the undulating region, the upper part
(interfluves) is dominated by Hapludults and the valley floor is dominated by
Endoaquepts. The swampy (valley floor) areas were covered by swampy forest and
shrubs, and partially occupied by paddy field. In the rolling, hilly and mountainous
terrain the soils are dominated by Hapludults and Dystrudepts and generally covered
by natural forest, shrub and bushes, mixed garden (trees and food crops), plantation
(oil palm and rubber), upland food crops, and settlement.
2.2.5. Volcanic Group
The volcanic group situated close to the east border of the district to Aceh
Pidie district. Most volcanic feeders are vertical fissures which gave a rise to vertical
sheets of igneous rock called dykes. Dominant soil is shallow Dystrudepts associated
with rock outcrops. Almost all of this landform covered by forest.
2.2.6. Karstic Group
Tropical karst is dominantly influenced by high intensity rainfall and high
evaporation. The high intensity rainfall causes flash floods on the limestones, sheetwash
and gulleying. This makes the hollows in limestone under tropical climate much
less regular and rounded relative to those in the temperate climates. The soils
include Eutrudepts and Haprendolls associated with rock outcrops. Almost all areas
of karstic group with hilly to mountainous topography are covered by forest.
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