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Annotations 440 Projecting into an X-DOM 441 11. Other XML Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 XmlReader 448 XmlWriter 457 Patterns for Using XmlReader/XmlWriter 459 XmlDocument 463 XPath 466 XSD and Schema Validation 471 XSLT 474 12. Disposal and Garbage Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475 IDisposable, Dispose, and Close 475 Automatic Garbage Collection 480 Finalizers 482 How the Garbage Collector Works 487 Managed Memory Leaks 491 Weak References 494 13. Diagnostics and Code Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 Conditional Compilation 499 Debug and Trace Classes 502 Code Contracts Overview 506 Preconditions 510 Postconditions 514 Assertions and Object Invariants 517 Contracts on Interfaces and Abstract Methods 518 Dealing with Contract Failure 519 Selectively Enforcing Contracts 521 Static Contract Checking 523 Debugger Integration 524 Processes and Process Threads 525 StackTrace and StackFrame 526 Windows Event Logs 528 Performance Counters 530 The Stopwatch Class 535 14. Streams and I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537 Stream Architecture 537 Using Streams 539 Stream Adapters 552 File and Directory Operations 559 Memory-Mapped Files 569 Compression 571 viii | Table of Contents
Isolated Storage 573 15. Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579 Network Architecture 579 Addresses and Ports 581 URIs 582 Request/Response Architecture 584 HTTP-Specific Support 592 Writing an HTTP Server 597 Using FTP 600 Using DNS 602 Sending Mail with SmtpClient 603 Using TCP 604 Receiving POP3 Mail with TCP 606 16. Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609 Serialization Concepts 609 The Data Contract Serializer 613 Data Contracts and Collections 622 Extending Data Contracts 625 The Binary Serializer 628 Binary Serialization Attributes 630 Binary Serialization with ISerializable 634 XML Serialization 637 17. Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647 What’s in an Assembly? 647 Strong Names and Assembly Signing 652 Assembly Names 655 Authenticode Signing 657 The Global Assembly Cache 661 Resources and Satellite Assemblies 663 Resolving and Loading Assemblies 671 Deploying Assemblies Outside the Base Folder 675 Packing a Single-File Executable 676 Working with Unreferenced Assemblies 678 18. Reflection and Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681 Reflecting and Activating Types 682 Reflecting and Invoking Members 688 Reflecting Assemblies 700 Working with Attributes 701 Dynamic Code Generation 707 Emitting Assemblies and Types 714 Emitting Type Members 717 Table of Contents | ix
Page 1 and 2: www.free-ebooks-library.com
Page 3: C# 4.0 www.free-ebooks-library.com
Page 6 and 7: C# 4.0 in a Nutshell, Fourth Editio
Page 8 and 9: Structs 89 Access Modifiers 90 Inte
Page 12 and 13: Emitting Generic Methods and Types
Page 14 and 15: Groups 985 Replacing and Splitting
Page 16 and 17: If you’re already familiar with C
Page 18 and 19: This icon signifies a tip, suggesti
Page 20 and 21: I have the highest praise for Jon S
Page 22 and 23: Properties, methods, and events In
Page 24 and 25: Figure 1-1. This depicts the topics
Page 26 and 27: object o1 = "foo.doc"; object o2 =
Page 28 and 29: The first statement computes the ex
Page 30 and 31: The name of the C# compiler is csc.
Page 32 and 33: With contextual keywords, ambiguity
Page 34 and 35: Custom Type Examples Just as we can
Page 36 and 37: } } The public keyword The public k
Page 38 and 39: Figure 2-2. Assignment copies a val
Page 40 and 41: Technically, the CLR positions fiel
Page 42 and 43: Numeric literal type inference By d
Page 44 and 45: + Addition − Subtraction * Multip
Page 46 and 47: In this case, x and y are implicitl
Page 48 and 49: which breaks equality and compariso
Page 50 and 51: Strings and Characters C#’s char
Page 52 and 53: Arrays An array represents a fixed
Page 54 and 55: int[,] matrix = new int[,] { {0,1,2
Page 56 and 57: Variables and Parameters A variable
Page 58 and 59: The following code outputs 0, becau
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static void Foo (ref int p) { p = p
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for (int i = 0; i < ints.Length; i+
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var—Implicitly Typed Local Variab
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Operator Precedence and Associativi
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Category Operator symbol Operator n
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Expression statements x = 1 + 2; //
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The switch statement switch stateme
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For example, the following prints t
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The return statement The return sta
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Rules Within a Namespace Name scopi
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namespace N2 { class Class3 : Class
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The :: token is used for namespace
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Fields allow the following modifier
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Overloading constructors A class or
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Object Initializers Versus Optional
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Properties allow the following modi
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Here’s how we could use this inde
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If a static constructor throws an u
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In addition, each participant can i
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Casting and Reference Conversions A
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public class Asset { public string
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Overrider over = new Overrider(); B
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Constructor and field initializatio
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Boxing and Unboxing Boxing is the a
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The ToString Method The ToString me
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Changing struct to class makes this
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Interfaces An interface is similar
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type that implements ISerializable
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public class RichTextBox : TextBox
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Center } A translation between the
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Unfortunately, Enum.IsDefined does
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Generic Types C# generics and C++ t
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static void Swap (ref T a, ref T b)
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Generic Constraints By default, a t
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Self-Referencing Generic Declaratio
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Classes Covariance and contravarian
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The IEnumerator and IEnumerable int
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The reason is that Max needs to be
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Technically, we are specifying a me
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Multicast delegate example Suppose
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The Func and Action Delegates With
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The following, however, is permitte
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Events When using delegates, two em
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public class PriceChangedEventArgs
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if (price == value) return; OnPrice
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Here is an example that illustrates
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Capturing Outer Variables A lambda
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Anonymous Methods Anonymous methods
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OUTPUT: x cannot be zero program co
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• The try block finishes normally
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The other common scenario is to ret
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indeterminate state that is the res
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class Enumerable // Typically imple
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Iterator Semantics An iterator is a
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yield return prevFib; int newFib =
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object o = "string"; int? x = o as
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Console.WriteLine (n | f); // (null
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== != > < >=
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Note n = (Note)554.37; // explicit
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Extension Method Chaining Extension
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static void Main() { string[] strin
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Now let’s change the static type
Page 184 and 185:
Dynamic binding also incurs a perfo
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The static type of a variable decla
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The call to Foo(o,d) is dynamically
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parameters. The following attribute
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Value types declared inline within
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} } Pointers to Unmanaged Code Poin
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Compiler warnings can be extremely
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... Indicates a multiline code sam
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M:NS.MyClass.Z(System.Char[ ],Syste
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Table 5-1. C#, CLR, and .NET Framew
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Text Processing The System.Text nam
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this metadata at runtime, and do su
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infrastructure. Web Forms has been
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Provider layer The provider model d
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Remoting and Web Services Remoting
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ecause in Turkey, char.ToUpper ('i'
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string empty = ""; Console.WriteLin
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The static Join method does the rev
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order—but even then not exactly a
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The following performs a case-insen
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UTF-32 is the least space-efficient
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Two-word characters are called surr
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An excellent article on the rationa
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You can also construct a DateTime w
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The Add method adds a TimeSpan to a
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You can construct a DateTime that d
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source and destination TimeZoneInfo
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Western Australia is actually uniqu
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ToString and Parse The simplest for
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The next example formats a DateTime
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The following custom format provide
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Letter Meaning Sample input Result
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Figure 6-1. Composite NumberStyles
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The format strings "r", "R", and "u
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Other Conversion Mechanisms In the
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XmlConvert If you’re dealing with
Page 256 and 257:
The .NET Framework helps you with t
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The Round method lets you specify t
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If you don’t want reproducibility
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static object GetBoxedIntegralValue
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Tuples Framework 4.0 provides a new
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Value Versus Referential Equality T
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Why the Complexity? You might wonde
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The IEquatable interface A conseque
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How to override equality semantics
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Implementing IEquatable For complet
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The .NET Framework also provides pl
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if (Equals (other)) return 0; // Fa
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Environment The static System.Envir
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7 Collections The .NET Framework pr
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By defining a single method retunin
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You can also subclass an existing c
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{ get { if (currentIndex == −1) t
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The ICollection and IList Interface
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IList and IList IList is the standa
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Because Array is a class, arrays ar
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void WriteFirstValue (Array a) { Co
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public static int FindIndex (T[] ar
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The Comparison delegate follows the
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List and ArrayList The generic List
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Such casts cannot be verified by th
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Here’s a demonstration on the use
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public sealed class BitArray : ICol
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public virtual SortedSet GetViewBet
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IDictionary IDictionary defines the
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Its underlying hashtable works by c
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var sorted = new SortedList (); for
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public class Animal { public string
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A keyed collection has some resembl
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clumsy hook methods like Collection
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Recall the requirements of a hashta
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IComparer and Comparer Comparers ar
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{ public abstract int Compare (stri
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8 LINQ Queries LINQ, or Language In
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We could further shorten our code b
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We already introduced the Where ope
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output sequence. In the case of the
Page 339 and 340:
Natural Ordering The original order
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Figure 8-2. Query syntax The compil
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With LINQ, data logically flows fro
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Reevaluation Subqueries provide ano
Page 347 and 348:
How Deferred Execution Works Query
Page 349 and 350:
Adding ToList onto the end of this
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The term subquery, in the general s
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Figure 8-8. UML subquery compositio
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select n.Replace ("a", "").Replace
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(The compiler does not emit the fin
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where vowelless.Length > 2 orderby
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IQueryable query = from c in custom
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To work, LINQ to SQL needs some clu
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Figure 8-10. Combining local and in
Page 367 and 368:
LINQ to SQL Versus Entity Framework
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Unlike with L2S, however, a class s
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The Single operator is ideal for re
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You can disable this behavior in L2
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With EF: [EdmRelationshipNavigation
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• It lets you request that certai
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context.SubmitChanges(); // Updates
Page 381 and 382:
Purpose LINQ to SQL Entity Framewor
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void Test() { var dataContext = new
Page 385 and 386:
Figure 8-12. Expression tree We can
Page 387 and 388:
9 LINQ Operators This chapter descr
Page 389 and 390:
Overview In this section, we provid
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Picks a single element from a seque
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In query syntax: IEnumerable query
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TakeWhile enumerates the input sequ
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IEnumerable query = names .Select (
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This is slightly untidy, however, i
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element is the trigger for the intr
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Thinking in query syntax As we just
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from c in dataContext.Customers fro
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Joining If you’re used to writing
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To see the benefit of Join over Sel
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GroupJoin GroupJoin does the same w
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You can create and query lookups ma
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OrderBy, OrderByDescending, ThenBy,
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var query = names.OrderBy (s => s.L
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from file in files group file.ToUpp
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In the next example, we filter the
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public static IEnumerable Cast (IE
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Method Description SQL equivalents
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Count simply enumerates over a sequ
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The first argument to Aggregate is
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Quantifiers IEnumerable→bool Meth
Page 433 and 434:
10 LINQ to XML The .NET Framework p
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Figure 10-1. Core X-DOM types Figur
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XElement client = config.Element ("
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); new XElement ("lastname", c.Last
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Child Node Navigation Return type M
Page 443 and 444:
The first call to Elements binds to
Page 445 and 446:
Return type Members Defined in IEnu
Page 447 and 448:
The ReplaceXXX methods are equivale
Page 449 and 450:
Setting Values There are two ways t
Page 451 and 452:
var e1 = new XElement ("test", "Hel
Page 453 and 454:
Console.WriteLine (doc.Root.Parent
Page 455 and 456:
XML file into another. Second, name
Page 457 and 458:
Specifying Namespaces in the X-DOM
Page 459 and 460:
foreach (XElement e in data.Descend
Page 461 and 462:
A public type such as string doesn
Page 463 and 464:
know about IQueryable, so it forces
Page 465 and 466:
ObjectGraph.cs Program.cs Propertie
Page 467 and 468:
11 Other XML Technologies The Syste
Page 469 and 470:
Reading Nodes The units of an XML s
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Element----------> quote CDATA-----
Page 473 and 474:
eader.ReadStartElement ("customerLi
Page 475 and 476:
The XmlReader must be positioned on
Page 477 and 478:
XmlWriter XmlWriter is a forward-on
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Patterns for Using XmlReader/XmlWri
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if (isEmpty) return; // element! w
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using (XmlWriter w = XmlWriter.Crea
Page 485 and 486:
Setting the InnerText property repl
Page 487 and 488:
XPath queries are expressed in term
Page 489 and 490:
The [] operator filters a selection
Page 491 and 492:
OUTPUT: Jim Thomas XSD and Schema V
Page 493 and 494:
settings.ValidationEventHandler +=
Page 495 and 496:
12 Disposal and Garbage Collection
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These rules are also helpful when w
Page 499 and 500:
The idea is that a consumer of this
Page 501 and 502:
public void Test() { byte[] myArray
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Figure 12-1. Roots deleted right aw
Page 505 and 506:
objects with finalizers (because su
Page 507 and 508:
public class TempFileRef { public r
Page 509 and 510:
Figure 12-2. Heap generations The l
Page 511 and 512:
dynamically tweaks the thresholds f
Page 513 and 514:
Timers Forgotten timers can also ca
Page 515 and 516:
var sb = new StringBuilder ("this i
Page 517 and 518:
public TDelegate Target { get { var
Page 519 and 520:
13 Diagnostics and Code Contracts W
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MyCompany.Widgets.Gadget; #endif Yo
Page 523 and 524:
Both the Debug and Trace classes pr
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EventLog.CreateEventSource ("DemoAp
Page 527 and 528:
if (list.Contains(item)) return fal
Page 529 and 530:
The binary rewriter After compiling
Page 531 and 532:
Preconditions should access only me
Page 533 and 534:
• It’s time-consuming. • Call
Page 535 and 536:
The binary rewriter moves postcondi
Page 537 and 538:
For the reason just stated, postcon
Page 539 and 540:
A special mechanism lets specify a
Page 541 and 542:
Handling this event is particularly
Page 543 and 544:
3. In the debug configuration of th
Page 545 and 546:
Attaching and Breaking The static D
Page 547 and 548:
If you instantiate a StackTrace obj
Page 549 and 550:
2. Decide on a source name and crea
Page 551 and 552:
The following sections illustrate h
Page 553 and 554:
{ if (!PerformanceCounterCategory.E
Page 555:
If you later want to define more co
Page 558 and 559:
Figure 14-1. Stream architecture St
Page 560 and 561:
In the following example, we use a
Page 562 and 563:
Seeking A stream is seekable if Can
Page 564 and 565:
OpenWrite and Create differ in beha
Page 566 and 567:
[Flags] public enum FileAccess { Re
Page 568 and 569:
Pipes are stream-based, so one proc
Page 570 and 571:
Console.WriteLine (Encoding.UTF8.Ge
Page 572 and 573:
Console.WriteLine (fs.Position); //
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is passed in (optionally through an
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using (TextWriter w = File.CreateTe
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public void SaveData (Stream s) { v
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The File Class File is a static cla
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using System.Runtime.InteropService
Page 584 and 585:
FileInfo offers most of the File’
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Special Folders You must delete the
Page 588 and 589:
watcher.Created += FileCreatedChang
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Memory-Mapped Files and Shared Memo
Page 592 and 593:
using (TextWriter w = new StreamWri
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Isolation Types Isolated storage ca
Page 596 and 597:
IsolatedStorageFile is poorly named
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s.WriteByte (100); f.DeleteFile (@"
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Figure 15-1. Network architecture I
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IPAddress a3 = IPAddress.Parse ("[3
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Uri u = new Uri ("page.html", UriKi
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2. Assign the Proxy property. 3. As
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If you don’t have a proxy, you mu
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Windows protocol that boils down to
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2. Examine the response object’s
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System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes ("Sear
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you greater privileges in browsing
Page 618 and 619:
In this example, we sleep for 500 m
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without needing more threads—by f
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Using DNS In all these examples, yo
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Using TCP TCP and UDP constitute th
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Hello Hello right back! In this exa
Page 628 and 629:
In this example, we write each mail
Page 630 and 631:
Serialization Engines There are fou
Page 632 and 633:
an arbitrary XML structure. For ins
Page 634 and 635:
It requires, however, that you expl
Page 636 and 637:
Specifying a name and namespace dec
Page 638 and 639:
The solution is to specify all perm
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we would see the same address detai
Page 642 and 643:
Null and Empty Values There are two
Page 644 and 645:
Subclassed Collection Elements The
Page 646 and 647:
[DataMember (Name="Addresses")] Ser
Page 648 and 649:
The following example illustrates a
Page 650 and 651:
The two formatters are otherwise ex
Page 652 and 653:
[OnSerializing] and [OnSerialized]
Page 654 and 655:
Binary Serialization with ISerializ
Page 656 and 657:
Subclassing Serializable Classes In
Page 658 and 659:
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerialize
Page 660 and 661:
and you write a reusable method to
Page 662 and 663:
If, on the other hand, you want the
Page 664 and 665:
instead add [XmlElement] to the col
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public void WriteXml (XmlWriter wri
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Assemblies are structured similarly
Page 670 and 671:
To embed an application manifest fi
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Table 17-1. Assembly members Functi
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Delay Signing In an organization wi
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If the assembly has no AssemblyVers
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Figure 17-3. Unsigned file warning
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Signing with signtool.exe You can A
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• Updating assemblies in the GAC
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.mresource public banner.jpg { // O
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GetManifestResourceNames returns th
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(The first argument must be namespa
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We then retrieved the greeting at r
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where to look. You (or Visual Studi
Page 694 and 695:
Loading from a filename You can see
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if (!File.Exists (path)) return nul
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for the presence of a library in it
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18 Reflection and Metadata As we sa
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Obtaining array types As we just sa
Page 705 and 706:
Base Types and Interfaces Type expo
Page 707 and 708:
Console.WriteLine (staticD.DynamicI
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When calling GetMembers, you can pa
Page 711 and 712:
C# construct Method to use Name to
Page 713 and 714:
Console.WriteLine (unbound.Property
Page 715 and 716:
from m in typeof (Enumerable).GetMe
Page 717 and 718:
The following example retrieves all
Page 719 and 720:
There’s no nongeneric type we can
Page 721 and 722:
Modules Calling GetTypes on a multi
Page 723 and 724:
The AttributeUsage Attribute Attrib
Page 725 and 726:
Retrieving Attributes at Runtime Th
Page 727 and 728:
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ReflectionO
Page 729 and 730:
gen.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4, 123); //
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gen.Emit (OpCodes.Mul); // Multiply
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Type[] strT = { typeof (string) };
Page 735 and 736:
The DefineType method also accepts
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We could just as easily call a dyna
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mb.DefineParameter (1, ParameterAtt
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ILGenerator setGen = setter.GetILGe
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myFieldBuilder.SetCustomAttribute (
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Awkward Emission Targets All the ex
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and object references. In creating
Page 749 and 750:
Here is a sample of the output our
Page 751 and 752:
The next step is to call FormatOper
Page 753:
The point where we call ResolveMemb
Page 756 and 757:
trees (the same expression trees in
Page 758 and 759:
yte b = 3; Console.WriteLine ((b +
Page 760 and 761:
DynamicVisit on each person in the
Page 762 and 763:
Anonymously Calling Members of a Ge
Page 764 and 765:
Notice that we used dynamic member
Page 766 and 767:
The following does a similar thing
Page 768 and 769:
In the following example, we use Ir
Page 771 and 772:
In this chapter, we discuss the two
Page 773 and 774:
Framework 4.0 deprecates support fo
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When you call AddPermission, the pe
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if you access the chosen file by ca
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Elevation of Privilege Let’s supp
Page 781 and 782:
The Transparency Model in CLR 4.0 T
Page 783 and 784:
Figure 20-1. Transparency model; on
Page 785 and 786:
GC.AddMemoryPressure (1000000); //
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stack, the WindowFromPoint method w
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string dir = Path.Combine (System.R
Page 791 and 792:
The first step in doing this is to
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A feature called User Access Contro
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If you replace requireAdministrator
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Table 20-8. Encryption and hashing
Page 799 and 800:
The GetBytes method on an Encoding
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As well as a key, we made up an IV,
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w.WriteLine ("Small and secure!");
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pairs. A key pair contains a public
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using (var rsaPublicPrivate = new R
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C# allows you to execute code in pa
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Getting Started A client program (C
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Thread.Sleep(0) relinquishes the th
Page 815 and 816:
string text = "t1"; Thread t1 = new
Page 817 and 818:
If this program is called with no a
Page 819 and 820:
The try/catch statement in this exa
Page 821 and 822:
There are a few things to be wary o
Page 823 and 824:
static void Main() { ThreadPool.Que
Page 825 and 826:
we’re using it to pass the method
Page 827 and 828:
Fortunately, the pool manager has a
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class ThreadUnsafe { static int _va
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As with the Enter method, it’s ov
Page 833 and 834:
Instruction atomicity is a differen
Page 835 and 836:
BeginInvoke instead of Invoke. Alte
Page 837 and 838:
static void Main() { for (int i = 1
Page 839 and 840:
class ThreadSafe { static List _li
Page 841 and 842:
In the absence of documentation, it
Page 843 and 844:
The code is similar for Windows For
Page 845 and 846:
It’s also possible to safely assi
Page 847 and 848:
The following implicitly generate f
Page 849 and 850:
As it happens, Intel’s X86 and X6
Page 851 and 852:
Exchange and CompareExchange method
Page 853 and 854:
former two are based on the common
Page 855 and 856:
Two-way signaling Let’s say we wa
Page 857 and 858:
Signaling Constructs and Performanc
Page 859 and 860:
Signaling worker... Started - Some
Page 861 and 862:
and the lock statement, you can ach
Page 863 and 864:
This means that despite appearances
Page 865 and 866:
using System; using System.Threadin
Page 867 and 868:
We don’t pulse after dequeuing, a
Page 869 and 870:
Use of PulseAll would forgo fairnes
Page 871 and 872:
The Event-Based Asynchronous Patter
Page 873 and 874:
class Program { static BackgroundWo
Page 875 and 876:
Reached 20% Reached 40% Reached 60%
Page 877 and 878:
For a discussion as to why aborting
Page 879 and 880:
Cancellation Tokens Framework 4.0 p
Page 881 and 882:
if (_expensive == null) _expensive
Page 883 and 884:
you want to keep data isolated, ens
Page 885 and 886:
from under their feet, as long as t
Page 887 and 888:
Here’s the result: Thread B added
Page 889 and 890:
var rw = new ReaderWriterLockSlim()
Page 891 and 892:
class SystemTimer { static void Mai
Page 893 and 894:
22 Parallel Programming In this cha
Page 895 and 896:
Data parallelism is also conducive
Page 897 and 898:
the code that must execute sequenti
Page 899 and 900:
Why Isn’t AsParallel the Default?
Page 901 and 902:
Most query operators change the ind
Page 903 and 904:
.Select (i => wordList [localRandom
Page 905 and 906:
class Camera { public readonly int
Page 907 and 908:
foreach (int n in parallelQuery) Do
Page 909 and 910:
Figure 22-4. Chunk versus range par
Page 911 and 912:
string text = "Let's suppose this i
Page 913 and 914:
public static void Invoke (Parallel
Page 915 and 916:
var random = new Random(); string[]
Page 917 and 918:
public static ParallelLoopResult Fo
Page 919 and 920:
• Wait on a set of tasks—withou
Page 921 and 922:
The task queuing problem arises bec
Page 923 and 924:
TaskCreationOptions atp = TaskCreat
Page 925 and 926:
As soon as task1 (the antecedent) f
Page 927 and 928:
Conditional continuations By defaul
Page 929 and 930:
This writes “Done” after writin
Page 931 and 932:
var factory = new TaskFactory ( Tas
Page 933 and 934:
Flatten and Handle Both PLINQ and t
Page 935 and 936:
• The concurrent stack, queue, an
Page 937 and 938:
Concurrent bags are ideal when the
Page 939 and 940:
public class PCQueue : IDisposable
Page 941 and 942:
If you leave a spinlock contended f
Page 943 and 944:
How to use SpinWait There are two w
Page 945:
spinWait.SpinOnce(); } } Here’s h
Page 948 and 949:
If you don’t need such concurrenc
Page 950 and 951:
• The underlying implementation
Page 952 and 953:
public class Server { public void S
Page 954 and 955:
void Read() { _stream.BeginRead (_d
Page 956 and 957:
_stream = c.GetStream(); var task =
Page 958 and 959:
exception is encountered, it’s no
Page 960 and 961:
When writing asynchronous methods,
Page 963 and 964:
24 Application Domains An applicati
Page 965 and 966:
Creating and Destroying Application
Page 967 and 968:
When additional application domains
Page 969 and 970:
static void Main() { AppDomain newD
Page 971 and 972:
class Client { // Here's a static f
Page 973 and 974:
it appears as though it was a direc
Page 975 and 976:
namespace Plugin.Extensions { publi
Page 977 and 978:
25 Native and COM Interoperability
Page 979 and 980:
class Test { [DllImport("kernel32.d
Page 981 and 982:
StringBuilder class require copying
Page 983 and 984:
Shared Memory Memory-mapped files,
Page 985 and 986:
The second application subscribes t
Page 987 and 988:
If you’re targeting Framework 4.0
Page 989 and 990:
With the first use of the fixed key
Page 991 and 992:
The root interface in COM is IUnkno
Page 993 and 994:
workBook.SaveAs (@"c:\test.xlsx", P
Page 995 and 996:
Embedding Interop Types We said pre
Page 997 and 998:
26 Regular Expressions The regular
Page 999 and 1000:
Regex r = new Regex (@"sausages?");
Page 1001 and 1002:
Character Sets Character sets act a
Page 1003 and 1004:
The problem is that our * quantifie
Page 1005 and 1006:
The positive lookahead ensures that
Page 1007 and 1008:
The following example matches a sim
Page 1009 and 1010:
Extracting "name = value" pairs (on
Page 1011 and 1012:
Console.WriteLine (m.Groups ["tag"]
Page 1013 and 1014:
Expression Meaning Inverse (“not
Page 1015:
Table 26-11. Miscellaneous construc
Page 1018 and 1019:
catch A keyword for the clause in a
Page 1020 and 1021:
goto A jump statement that jumps to
Page 1022 and 1023:
ef A parameter and argument modifie
Page 1024 and 1025:
volatile A field modifier instructi
Page 1026 and 1027:
A with enums, 98 with nullable type
Page 1028 and 1029:
inary numbers (converting), 233 bin
Page 1030 and 1031:
COM type system, 970 IUnknown and I
Page 1032 and 1033:
time zones, 213-218 TimeSpan, 206 D
Page 1034 and 1035:
Array class, 277 enumerators, 143 I
Page 1036 and 1037:
formatting, 219-225 composite forma
Page 1038 and 1039:
IndexOf method, 196, 279 IndexOfAny
Page 1040 and 1041:
Count and LongCount, 407 Min and Ma
Page 1042 and 1043:
memory barriers and volatility, 825
Page 1044 and 1045:
PipeStream class, 547 anonymous pip
Page 1046 and 1047:
Remoting, 952 remove keyword, 124 R
Page 1048 and 1049:
two-word characters and, 206 String
Page 1050 and 1051:
DateTime and, 213 DateTimeOffset an
Page 1052 and 1053:
loading and parsing, 416 names and
Page 1055:
About the Authors Joe Albahari is t
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