Checklist of Baltic Sea Macro-species - IOW

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3.1 Expert team Chair: Anna Karlsson (Sweden) Piotr Gruszka (Poland), Kristjan Herkül, (Estonia), Ari Laine (Finland), Alexey Maximov (Russia), Kerstin Schiele (Germany), Michael Zettler (Germany). 3.2 Taxonomy The taxonomy of the benthic invertebrate species follows international taxonomic databases or other sources in the following order: the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS www.marinespecies. org November 2010) > the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS; www.itis.gov) > BioLib (Biological Library; www.biolib.cz) > BioSystematic Database of World Diptera (BDWD; www.sel. barc.usda.gov/diptera/biosys.htm) > Fauna Europeae (www.faunaeur.org) > ZipcodeZoo (http:// zipcodezoo.com/) > other sources. Codes from BioLib, BDWD, Fauna Europeae etc. have only been acquired for those species that could not be found in the WoRMS or ITIS databases 3.3 Defining parameters Species included in the benthic invertebrate checklist were required to fulfil the following criteria: 1. All species should be listed in at least one of the international databases given in Section 3.2 to verify the taxonomic reference. 2. All species should form stable populations in brackish waters with a minimum salinity of at least 0.5 (identification of ‘borderline’ cases with freshwater and/or land environments). 3. Records for all species must be geographically located within the Baltic Sea itself and not just in nearby ponds, rocky pools or rivers. 4. Species identification must be reliable. Therefore species with a very low numbers of records will be checked by benthic invertebrate experts and doubtful identifications will be excluded. 3.4 Distribution The checklist includes presence/absence data for the Baltic Sea sub-basins. The total number of benthic invertebrate species in each sub-basin is given in Figure 8. The sub-basins used in the HELCOM Red List project are shown in Figure 1. The benthic invertebrate checklist includes these sub-basins, as well as 13 smaller areas (lagoons, estuaries, bays). These were added because the number of benthic invertebrate species in shallow coastal waters can be very high compared to open, deeper waters. In order to increase the quality of the information provided in the checklist such areas were identified and made into sub-sections to better show species distribution (see Figure 10). 3.5 Data sources The checklist by Zettler (2011) was used as a basis for the benthic invertebrates’ checklist. The data sources include 77 publications concerning Finnish waters and a range of databases. For example: • Database of the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, IOW, Germany • Danish national database for marine data (MADS) • Benthic invertebrate database of the Finnish Environment Institute • Benthic invertebrate sampling data of Helsinki City, Finland • Database of the Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu • Benthic invertebrate data from the Swedish Oceanographic Data Centre • Benthic invertebrate data from the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) • The Swedish Species Gateway • The Swedish Red List Database. 14
Denmark Sweden Kattegat Sweden Latvia Denmark Little Belt Great Belt Denmark Denmark The Sound Germany Arkona Basin Rugia Lagoons Kiel Bay Bay of Mecklenburg Kiel Fjord Darss-Zingst Eckernförde Bay Lagoon Schlei Estuary Flensburg Fjord Warnow Estuary Wismar Bay Trave Estuary Greifswald Lagoon Szczecin Lagoon Bornholm Basin Poland Western Gotland Basin Bornholm Basin Eastern Gotland Basin Gulf of Gdańsk Vistula Lagoon Poland Lithuania Curonian Lagoon Russia Figure 10. Coastal sub-sections additional to the sub-basins used for the benthic invertebrate checklist. 3.6 Checklist The checklist for Baltic Sea benthic invertebrate species is presented in Chapter 7, Table 7.2 and Table 7.3. This table gives the higher taxonomic group, the valid scientific name (with authors and year), synonyms/ variations or subspecies, taxon ID codes from several databases (Aphia-ID = WoRMS Code, TSN = ITIS Code, BioLib = Biological Library, Bio Systematic Database of World Diptera (BDWD), Fauna Europea, Zipcodezoo and other sources) and the distribution data by sub-basin. More specific information such as phylum group etc. can be found in the Excel table provided on the HELCOM website. 15
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www.helcom.fi
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