kvleviTi departamenti saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
kvleviTi departamenti saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
kvleviTi departamenti saqarTvelos parlamentis aparati
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<strong>saqarTvelos</strong> <strong>parlamentis</strong> <strong>aparati</strong><br />
<strong>kvleviTi</strong> <strong>departamenti</strong><br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba<br />
sainformacio furceli<br />
kanonproeqtisaTvis<br />
` kerZo dacviTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb ~<br />
kerZo dacviTi samsaxurebi da kompaniebi<br />
kerZo dacviTi samsaxurebis funqciebis gansazRvra ramdenime<br />
faqtorzea damokidebuli. maTgan mniSvnelovania sajaro seqtorisa<br />
da biznesis marTvis sferoSi sul ufro metad liberaluri<br />
meTodebis danergva-gamoyeneba da satendero momsaxurebis gazrda.<br />
postkomunistur qveynebSi erT-erT damatebiTi faqtoria<br />
demokratiuli institutebis ganviTarebis dabali done. es qveynebi<br />
mZime da mtkivneuli reformebis procesSi arian. Sesabamisad,<br />
Zalovani uwyebebi jer kidev srulyofilad Camoyalibebuli ar<br />
aris. amas garda, kerZo dacviTi kompaniebis funqciebi<br />
sazogadoebaSi arsebul safrTxeebsa da riskebzec aris<br />
damokidebuli.<br />
<strong>kvleviTi</strong> naSromi, romelsac Cveni sainformacio furceli<br />
eyrdnoba, evrosabWos wevr qveynebSi moqmed dacviTi samsaxurebis<br />
Sesaxeb saintereso cifrebs gvTavazobs. 2003 wlisTvis am sferodan<br />
saerTo Semosavalma evrokavSiris qveynebSi 100 miliard evros<br />
gadaaWarba. xolo 2010 wlisTvis navaraudevia, rom 200 miliards<br />
miaRwevs. 2004 wels kerZo dacviT sferoSi momuSaveTa raodenoba<br />
aWarbebda policiisa da sapatrulo uwyebebis TanamSromelTa<br />
raodenobas. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom evrokavSiris 500 moqalaqidan 1<br />
kerZo dacvis mosamsaxure iyo.<br />
kerZo dacviTi kompaniebis mier gaweuli momsaxurebis saxeebi<br />
eqvs jgufad SeiZleba daiyos. pirveli jgufi aerTianebs:<br />
Senobebisa da garkveuli daniSnulebis mqone teritoriebis dacvas,<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 1
maT Soris, atomuri sadgurebis (germania da rumineTi), samxedro<br />
bazebis (avstria, estoneTi da germania), aeroportebis (avstria,<br />
germania, rumineTi, didi britaneTi, SvedeTi, holandia, saberZneTi,<br />
safrangeTi, albaneTi), navsadgurebisa (albaneTi, bulgareTi,<br />
holandia) da <strong>parlamentis</strong> Senobebs (bulgareTi, rumineTi).<br />
meore jgufi: obieqtebze dacviTi teqnikuri saSualebebis<br />
daproeqtebis, montaJis da saeqspluatacio momsaxurebis gaweva.<br />
mesame jgufi: Zvirfasi nivTebisa da fulis dacva gadazidvisas.<br />
meoTxe jgufi: piradi dacva (mcveli).<br />
mexuTe jgufi: xalxmravali RonisZiebebis dros (fexburTis matCi,<br />
koncerti) wesrigis dacva.<br />
meeqvse jgufi: kerZo deteqtivisa da damoukidebeli gamomZieblis<br />
samsaxuri (malta, luqsemburgi, poloneTi, slovenia, serbeTi,<br />
montenegro da rumineTi).<br />
licenziis aReba da TanamSromelTa SerCeva<br />
evrokavSiris qveynebis umravlesobaSi kerZo dacviTi<br />
saqmianobis gansaxorcieleblad savaldebuloa licenziis aReba.<br />
Cveulebriv, licenzia-nebarTvebs gascems Sinagan saqmeTa<br />
saministro, iusticiis saministro an specialurad Seqmnili<br />
uflebamosili organo (didi britaneTi, irlandia), magram samxreTaRmosavleT<br />
evropis mTeli rigi qveynebis kanonmdebloba imgvar<br />
xarvezebs Seicavs, rom kanonis sxvagvari interpretaciis<br />
saSualebas iZleva. mag. bulgareTSi, rumineTSi da montenegroSi,<br />
sadac licenziis aReba savaldebuloa, kanoni uflebas aZlevs<br />
kerZo kompaniebs, rom maT Sida uwyebrivi dacva Tavad<br />
ganaxorcielon. es ki registraciis Tavidan acilebis saSualebas<br />
iZleva.<br />
kerZo dacviTi samsaxurebis saqmianobis kontroli da maTi<br />
angariSvaldebulebis xarisxi damokidebulia samarTlebriv<br />
CarCoebze da zedamxedvelobis efeqtur meqanizmebze.<br />
evrokavSiris qveynebSi kerZo dacviTi kompaniis saqmianobaze<br />
zedamxedvelobas axorcieleben sxvadasxva uwyebebi. mag.<br />
saberZneTSi, daniaSi, slovakeTsa da ungreTSi municipaluri<br />
policia akontrolebs maT saqmianobas; germaniaSi, italiasa da<br />
SvedeTSi adgilobrivi xelisuflebis samoqalaqo pirebi;<br />
sloveniaSi, poloneTsa da holandiaSi – Sinagan saqmeTa<br />
saministroebi; luqsemburgSi – iusticiis saministro; irlandiasa<br />
da did britaneTSi am mizniT Seqmnilia specialuri<br />
uflebamosilebiT aRWurvili uwyeba (Security Industry Authority), xolo<br />
ruseTSi – Sinagan saqmeTa saministro da generaluri prokuratura.<br />
samxreT-aRmosavleT evropis qveynebis umravlesobaSi kerZo<br />
dacvis sferoSi moqmedi kerZo kompaniebi kanonis mixedviT Sinagan<br />
saqmeTa saministros mier kontroldeba, magram zedamxedveloba<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 2
sustia da meqanizmebi – bundovani. rac Seexeba maregulirebel<br />
kanonmdeblobas, serbeTSi jer ar miuRiaT keZo dacvis samsaxuris<br />
maregulirebeli specialuri kanoni; bosnia-hercegovinaSi erTiani<br />
federaluri kanoni ar arsebobs, mis nacvlad adgilobrivi<br />
normatiuli aqtebi moqmedeben.<br />
kerZo dacvis kompaniis TanamSromelTa SerCevisa da maTi<br />
samsaxurSi miRebis saTanado regulireba da wesebi mniSvnelovnad<br />
ganapirobebs kompaniis saerTo profesionalizmsa da moralurzneobriv<br />
saxes.<br />
evropis umravles qveynebSi kerZo dacvis kompaniis<br />
TanamSromlisaTvis minimluri moTxovnaa, rom mas ar hqondes<br />
nasamarTloba, Tumca amgvari moTxovna dafiqsirebuli ar aris<br />
germaniisa da CexeTis kanonmdeblobaSi. kanoni kerZo dacvaSi<br />
samsaxuris maZieblisTvis evropis bevr qveyanaSi asakis minimalur<br />
zRvars awesebs (18 an 21) da iTxovs, rom mas kargi rekomendaciebi<br />
da muSaobis gamocdileba hqondes.<br />
samxreT evropis zogierTi qveynis kanonmdebloba samsaxuris<br />
maZieblisgan iTxovs, rom is ar unda iyos narkotikuli<br />
nivTierebebis momxmarebeli (moldaveTi), unda icodes wera<br />
laTinuri anbanis gamoyenebiT (xorvatia), fizikurad janmrTeli<br />
unda iyos (bosnia da hercegovina), unda iyos qveynis moqalaqe<br />
(makedonia). makedoniaSi saerTaSoriso da ucxo qveynebis kompaniebs<br />
muSaoba ekrZalebaT; amasTan, makedoniis kanoni zRudavs dacvis<br />
TanamSromelTa maqsimalur raodenobas.<br />
specialuri kanoni kerZo dacviTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb ar aris<br />
safrangeTsa da kviprosSi. maltaSi moqmedebs es kanoni, magram iq<br />
ver vxvdebiT kerZo kompaniis saqmianobis gakontrolebis wesebsa da<br />
meqanizmebs. italiasa da SveicariaSi regionuli xelisuflebis<br />
normatiuli aqtebi aregulirebs am sferos.<br />
urTierTobebi kerZo dacviT samsaxurebsa da policias Soris<br />
belgiaSi, saberZneTsa da portugaliaSi kerZo dacviT<br />
kompaniebs ekrZalebaT muSaoba iaraRis warmoebisa da gayidvis<br />
sferoSi. belgiaSi, safrangeTsa da portugaliaSi kerZo kompanias<br />
ufleba ar aqvs samsaxurSi miiRos piri, romelic bolo xuTi wlis<br />
ganmavlobaSi policiaSi an usafrTxoebis dacvis saxelmwifo<br />
uwyebaSi muSaobda. SvedeTSi kerZo kompaniaSi muSaobis ufleba ar<br />
aqvs policiis TanamSromels, holandiaSi ki - sisxlis samarTlis<br />
sagamomZieblo organos TanamSromels, espaneTSi, litvasa da<br />
maltaSi – sajaro samsaxuris moxeles. safrangeTSi mewarmeoba an<br />
ekonomikuri saxis saqmianoba ekrZaleba kerZo dacvis<br />
warmomadgenels.<br />
samxreT aRmosavleT evropis zogierT qveyanaSi kanoni mkafio<br />
sazRvrebs adgens kerZo kompaniebisa da policiis saqmianobebs<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 3
Soris. mag. kosovoSi, koncertebsa da safexburTo matCebis dros<br />
kerZo dacvis kompania usafrTxoebas stadionze uzrunvelyofs,<br />
xolo mis gareT policiam mosalodneli areulobisgan unda<br />
daicvas sazogadoeba. xorvatiasa da bulgareTSi ki xSirad kerZo<br />
kompania da policia konkurencias uweven erTmaneTs, rac<br />
Cveulebriv, policiis mxridan kontraqtorisTvis SedarebiT iafi<br />
momsaxurebis SeTavazebiT mTavrdeba. albaneTSi ki konkurencia am<br />
or uwyebas Soris gamoricxulia, radgan kanoniT kerZo dacvis<br />
TanamSromelTa raodenoba adgilobrivi policiis 5%-s ar unda<br />
aRematebodes.<br />
interesTa konfliqti saxezea, roca saTanado sakanonmdeblo<br />
CarCoebis da maregulirebeli wesebis ararsebobis fonze kerZo<br />
dacvis kompaniaSi samuSaod yofili policielebi da usafrTxoebis<br />
dacvis oficrebi midian. xolo kanonis arsebobis da misi<br />
aRsrulebis pirobebSi, kerZo dacvis samsaxuri SeiZleba erTaderTi<br />
adgili iyos Statebis Semcirebis gamo umuSevrad darCenili<br />
policielisTvis.<br />
cecxlsasroli iaraRis tareba<br />
did britaneTSi, irlandiaSi, safrangeTsa da holandiaSi<br />
cecxlsasroli iaraRis tareba ekrZalebaT kerZo dacvis<br />
TanamSromlebs.<br />
bulgareTSi dacvis TanamSromlebs specialuri nebarTvis<br />
aReba evalebaT, xorvatiaSi, e.w dabali rangis TanamSromlebs, mag.<br />
Senobis usafTxoebis dacvis wevrebs an darajebs iaraRis tarebis<br />
ufleba ar aqvT, xolo pirad mcvelebs es ufleba aqvT, magram<br />
iaraRi registrirebuli unda iyos kompaniaSi da ara mcvelis<br />
saxelze. serbeTis kanonis “iaraRisa da saTadarigo masalebis<br />
Sesaxeb” mixedviT, kerZo dacvis samsaxuris TanamSromels,<br />
romelsac iaraRis tarebis ufleba aqvs, nasamarTloba ar unda<br />
hqondes, fizikurad janmrTeli unda iyos da saswavlo kursebic<br />
unda hqondes gavlili.<br />
kerZo dacvis TanamSromelTa saswavlo-sawvrTneli programebi<br />
evrokavSiris zogierTi qveynis kanonmdebloba iTxovs, rom<br />
saswavlo-sawvrTneli kursebi kerZo dacvis iaraRis tarebis<br />
uflebis mqone TanamSromlebisTvis Caataros Sinagan saqmeTa<br />
saministrom (espaneTi), xolo zogan es nebayoflobiTia da kompania<br />
Tavisi Sexedulebisamebr wyvets am sakiTxs (italia). daniasa da<br />
espaneTSi savaldebuloa 111-dan 240 saaTamde sawvrTneli kursebis<br />
gavla, safrangeTSi ki, mxolod 32 saaTi. avstriaSi kompania wyvets<br />
swvrTneli saaTebis raodenobas da maT xangrZlivobas. germania<br />
avaldebulebs kompaniebs minimum 40-saaTiani kursebis gavlas.<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 4
aSS- federaluri kanoni kerZo dacvis samsaxuris Sesaxeb ar<br />
arsebobs. am sferos aregulirebs calkeuli Statebis<br />
kanonmdebloba.<br />
Statebis umravlesobaSi kerZo dacvis TanamSromlebisTvis<br />
savaldebuloa nebarTvis aReba cecxlsasroli iaraRis<br />
tarebisTvis. amasTan, maTTvis savaldebuloa agreTve saswavlo<br />
kursebis gavla srolaSi.<br />
didi britaneTi- didi britaneTis 2001 wels miRebuli kanoniT<br />
kerZo dacviTi saqmianobis Sesaxeb (Private Security Industry Act 2001)<br />
daarsda Sesabamisi uflebamosilebiT aRWurvili organo<br />
usafrTxoebis dacvis sferoSi (Security Industry Authority), romelic<br />
aregulirebs rogorc dacviTi saqmianobis samarTlebriv, aseve<br />
licenziebisa da nebarTvebis gacemis sakiTxebs. usafrTxoebis<br />
dacvis samsaxuris funqciebia: 1) licenziebis gacema individualur<br />
pirebsa da kompaniebze; 2) kontrolis ganxorcieleba am sferoSi<br />
kanonmdeblobisa da maregulirebeli wesebis dacvaze da agreTve am<br />
saqmianobiT| dakavebuli pirebisa da kompaniebis muSaobis<br />
efeqturobaze; 3) kompaniebis Semowmeba; 4) qcevis wesebis SemuSaveba<br />
da maTi damtkiceba; 5) rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba samuSao<br />
standartebis gasaumjobeseblad. samsaxuri uflebamosilia agreTve<br />
rekomendaciebi da sakuTari mosazrebebi warudginos saxelmwifo<br />
ministrs (Secretary of Home Affairs) am wesebSi cvlilebebis<br />
gansaxorcieleblad da maT dasaxvewad.kanonis 35-e muxli<br />
avaldebulebs samsaxurs, rom man moamzados da gamoaqveynos is<br />
moTxovnebi, romelTa dakmayofileba aucilebelia licenziis<br />
misaRebad da is pirobebi, romelTa safuZvelzec licenziis Secvla<br />
an misi gauqmeba iqneba SesaZlebeli. kanonis mixedviT licenziis<br />
vada sami welia, magram saxelmwifo ministrs ufleba aqvs Tavisi<br />
brZanebiT Secvalos vadebi. usafrTxoebis dacvis samsaxuri<br />
valdebulia yovelwliuri angariSi miawodos Tavisi saqmianobis<br />
Sesaxeb saxelmwifo ministrs, romelic Tavis mxriv, parlaments<br />
warudgens angariSs.<br />
Cxrekisa da dakavebis ufleba<br />
poloneTSi, slovakeTSi, sloveniaSi, saberZneTsa (mxolod<br />
aeroportebSi) da avstriaSi (mxolod dakavebuli piris TanxmobiT)<br />
kerZo kompaniebis TanamSromlebs ufleba aqvT Cxrekisa da<br />
dakavebis operaciebi Caataron SezRuduli moculobiT.<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 5
zogierT qveyanaSi kerZo samsaxurebis TanamSromlebs igive<br />
uflebebi aqvT, rac rigiT moqalaqeebs (mag. holandia, kviprosi,<br />
didi britaneTi, CexeTi, luqsemburgi, fineTi da espaneTi). zogan ki<br />
maT ufleba aqvT:<br />
• litvaSi – daakavon piri danaSaulis Cadenis adgilze an<br />
danaSaulis Cadenidan mcire drois ganmavlobaSi da gadascen<br />
policias, Seamowmon eWvmitanilis nivTebi, am ukanasknelis<br />
TanxmobiT;<br />
• latviaSi – daapatimron damrRvevi an akrZalul obieqtze<br />
ukanonod Sesuli piri da Seumowmon piradobis<br />
damadasturebeli sabuTebi;<br />
• estoneTi - daakavon akrZalul obieqtze ukanonod Sesuli<br />
piri da gaCxrikon.<br />
masala moamzada xaTuna CxeiZem<br />
18.11.08<br />
gamoyenebuli wyaroebi:<br />
http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2001/ukpga_20010012_en_1#pb1-l1g1<br />
http://europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/news/2003/jul/security_en<br />
http://hei.unige.ch/sas/files/portal/issueareas/security/security_pdf/2005_Page_et_al.pdf<br />
sainformacio uzrunvelyofisa da kvlevebis ganyofileba 6
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