am statiis pirveli nawili ixileT #110 biuletenSi - csrdg

# 111 biuleteni 

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(am statiis pirveli nawili ixileT #110 biuletenSi) 

qeTevan laferaSvili 

Tavi 2. HACCP- sursaTis uvneblobis 

marTvis sistema 

2.1 zogadi debulebebi da ganmartebebi 

Tanamedrove etapze sursaTis warmoebis teqnologiebis 

ganviTareba xasiaTdeba sul ufro da 

ufro axali nedleulis, sxvadasxva funqciuri ingredientebisa 

da teqnologiuri danamatebis, kompoziciuri 

SesafuTi da sursaTTan SexebaSi myofi 

masalis gamoyenebiT. garda amisa, garemos anTropogenuri 

mdgomareoba, sadac SesaZlebelia advilad 

gavrceldes sxvadasxva daavadebebis gamomwvevebi, 

zrdis sursaTis kontaminaciis albaTobas. amitom, 

sursaTis uvnebloba ar SeiZleba TavisiT arsebobdes, 

mis uzrunvelyofas swored organizaciuli 

marTva udevs safuZvlad. 

dReisaTvis saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier 

sursaTis uvneblobis erTaderT efeqtur, prevenciul, 

integrirebul sistemad aRiarebulia HACCP 

(Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points), anu safrTxis 

analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis 

mecnierulad dasabuTebuli sistema, romelic safrTxis 

identifikaciisa da kontrolis meSveobiT 

uvnebeli sursaTis warmoebis uzrunvelyofas ganapirobebs. 

HACCP-is koncefcia SemuSavda gasuli saukunis 

60-ian wlebSi aSS-Si, amerikul kosmosur programaze 

muSaobisas, rodesac aucilebeli gaxda sursaTis 

uvneblobis sferoSi SeemuSavebinaT iseTi sistema, 

romelic kosmosSi moxmarebul sursaTSi toqsinebis 

warmoqmnas gamoricxavda, Sesabamisad, uzrunvelyofda 

astronavtebis dacvas kvebiTi moSxamvebisagan. 

saboloo, mza produqciis Semowmeba ar iZleoda 

uvneblobis garantias. problemis gadawyvetisaTvis 

kompania “Pillsbry”-is mier, 1971 wels, sursaTis 

uvneblobis pirvel nacionalur konferenciaze, 

SemoTavazebuli iqna HACCP-is koncefcia, ris Semdegac 

amerikis sursaTis marTvisa da samkurnalo 

preparatebis samsaxurma (FDA) am sistemis moqmedeba 

aucilebeli gaxada dakonservebuli produqciis 

warmoebisaTvis, xolo soflis meurneobis departamentma 

(USDA) - xorcisa da frinvelis gadamuSavebis 

produqtebisaTvis. 

jandacvis msoflio organizaciam (WHO) da 

mikrobiologiuri maCveneblebis saerTaSoriso 

komisiam ICMSF (International Commission on Microbiological 

Specifications for Food) mxari dauWira HACCP-is 

sistemis danergvas. 

HACCP-is sistema marTvis instrumentia, 

romelic manamde arsebul tradiciul meTodebTan 

SedarebiT, rogoric iyo inspeqtireba da xarisxis 

kontroli, uzrunvelyofs gacilebiT struqturul 

midgomas identificirebuli safrTxis kontrolis 

mimarT. am sistemis gamoyeneba saSualebas 

iZleva saboloo produqtis kontrolidan aqcenti 

gadavides sursaTis warmoebis procesSi uvneblobis 

uzrunvelyofisaTvis prevenciul RonisZiebaTa 

gatarebaze. 

HACCP-is sistema mravalricxovani martivi da 

rTuli sasaqonlo operaciebis sistemaa, romelic 

gamoiyeneba sasursaTo produqciis warmoebis mTel 

jaWvze - nedleulidan mza produqciis realizaciamde. 

misi ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiroa ara marto 

mza sasursaTo produqtis, aramed warmoebis meTodebis, 

nedleulis, damxmare masalis, distribuciisa da 

sacalo vaWrobis sistemebis gamokvleva. 

HACCP-is upiratesoba, kontrolis sxva sistemebTan 

SedarebiT aris is rom: 

1. HACCP aris sistemuri midgoma, romelic 

moicavs sursaTis uvneblobis yvela aspeqts `mindvridan 

magidamde~; 

2. HACCP-is gamoyenebisas aqcenti saboloo 

sasursaTo produqciis kontrolidan gadadis warmoebisa 

da realizaciis/distribuciis kontrolze, 

rac Sesabamisi prevenciuli RonisZiebebis gatarebis 

SesaZleblobas iZleva; 

3. marTebulad Catarebuli safrTxis analizi 

faruli, uxilavi safrTxeebis gamovlenis da kritikul 

wertilebze dakvirvebis saSualebas iZleva; 

4. Semcirebulia wundebuli sursaTi, rac 

2

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biuleteni 

sawarmosaTvis ekonomiuri rentabelobis garantias 

iZleva; 

5. Semcirebulia mavnebeli sursaTis ganadgurebasTan, 

sasamarTlo ganCinebebTan da sanqciebTan 

dakavSirebuli problemebi; 

6. HACCP integrirebulia ISO standartebTan, 

romlebic gansazRvraven xarisxis da uvneblobis 

saerTaSoriso saerTo sistemebs; 

7. saerTaSoriso organizaciebi, m.S. Codex 

alimentarius-i mxars uWers HACCP-is gamoyenebas, 

rogorc sursaTis moxmarebiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

Semcirebis efeqtur saSualebas; 

8. HACCP-is gamoyeneba sasargebloa kanonisa da 

normatiuli moTxovnebis Sesrulebis demonstraciisaTvis; 

9. davis SemTxvevaSi, HACCP-is dokumentebi 

warmoadgens mtkicebulebas; 

10. warmoebis calkeul etapze dadgenilia piri, 

romelic pasuxismgebelia am etapze Sesabamisi komponentis 

uvneblobaze; 

11. izrdeba momxmareblis ndoba warmoebuli 

sasursaTo produqciis mimarT; 

12. HACCP zrdis warmoebuli produqciis 

konkurentunarianobas adgilobriv bazarze da iZleva 

eqsportis saSualebas, zrdis sawarmos reputacias, 

mimzidvels xdis sainvesticio garemos da 

damatebiT upiratesobas uqmnis sawarmos. 

HACCP-is koncefciis teqnikuri monacemebia: 

‣ epidemiologiuri monacemebi daavadebis 

gamomwvev mikroorganizmebze, toqsinebsa da qimiur 

nivTierebebze: 

- sursaTiT moSxamvisa da sxva kvebismieri daavadebebi; 

- sakontrolo gamokvlevebisa da programebis 

Sedegebi; 

- mikrobiologiuri uvneblobis sakanonmdeblo 

kriteriumebi da mavne nivTierebebis narCeni 

raodenobebi; 

‣ monacemebi sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb: 

- nedleulSi mikrobiologiuri safrTxeebis Sesa- 

Zlo Semcveloba; 

- sasursaTo produqtebSi mikroorganizmTa zrda-ganviTarebis 

siCqare; 

- nedleulis gadamuSavebisas mikroorganizmTa 

kvdomis siCqare; 

- qimiuri nivTierebebis, toqsinebis gardaqmna nedleulis 

sasursaTo produqtad gadamuSavebis, 

Senaxvis, realizaciisa da gamoyenebis dros; 

‣ nedleulis, naxevarfabrikatebisa da mza sasursaTo 

produqtebis maxasiaTeblebi: 

- receptura; 

- simJave (pH); 

- aqtiuri wyali (Aw); 

- SesafuTi masalebi; 

- produqtis struqtura; 

- gadamuSavebis pirobebi; 

- Senaxvisa da realizaciis pirobebi; 

- Senaxvis vada; 

- miTiTebebi sasursaTo produqciis moxmarebis 

Sesaxeb, etiketi SefuTvaze; 

‣ monacemebi gadamuSavebaze: 

- gadamuSavebis yvela stadiis Tanmimdevroba da 

raodenoba, Senaxva-dasawyobebis CaTvliT; 

- teqnologiuri procesis mimdinareobisas temperaturuli 

cvlilebebi drois xangrZlivobis 

miTiTebiT; 

- meoradi damuSaveba (warmoebis procesis narCeni 

masalis meoradi gamoyeneba); 

- maRali da dabali riskebis zonebis diferencireba; 

- hidrodinamikuri parametrebi (siTxeebisaTvis); 

- gadamamuSavebel danadgarebSi Seuvsebeli moculobis 

arseboba; 

- dezinfeqciisa da dasufTavebis efeqturoba; 

HACCP-is sistemis danergva sawarmoSi moiTxovs 

iseTi konkretuli gansazRvrebebis codnas, 

rogoricaa: 

• safrTxis analizi da kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertilebi - koncefciaa, romelic iTvaliswinebs 

sursaTis uvneblobaze moqmedi faqtorebis 

sistematur identifikacias, Sefasebas da 

marTvas; 

• sakontrolo kritikuli wertili - teqnologiuri 

procesis safexuri, etapi, sadac xorcieldeba 

kontroli mniSvnelovani safrTxeebis 

Tavidan asacileblad, aRmosafxvrelad an 

misaReb donemde Sesamcireblad. 

• monitoringi - winaswar dadgenili jeradobiT 

dakvirvebebisa da gazomvebis Catareba sakontrolo 

kritikul wertilebSi, kritikuli 

zRva ris daSvebuli mniSvnelobebidan gadacdenis 

drouli gamovlenisaTvis; 

• HACCP-is jgufi - sxvadasxva sferos kvalificiuri 

specialistebi, romlebic amuSaveben, 

nergaven da axorcieleben sawarmoSi HACCP-is 

sistemas. 

• gadawyvetilebebis xe - procesis sakiTxebis Tanmimdevroba, 

rac sakontrolo wertilis kritikulobis 

Sefasebis saSualebas iZleva. 

• HACCP-is dokumentebi - werilobiTi dokumentebi, 

romelic emyareba HACCP-is principebs, 

moicavs qmedebaTa im algoriTmebs, romlebic 

aucilebelia konkretuli procesis an procedurebis 

kontrolis ganxorcielebisaTvis. 

2.2 HACCP- is mosamzadebeli programebi 

HACCP ar warmoadgens avtonomiur programas, 

misi efeqturad ganxorcielebisaTvis aucile- 

3


belia sawarmoSi winaswar dainergos e.w. winaswari 

mosamzadebeli programebi. igi unda efuZnebodes 

`kargi warmoebis praqtikas~ (GMP) da `kargi higienis 

praqtikas~ (GHP), ramdenadac orive es programa 

uSualo zegavlenas axdens sursaTis warmoebis pirobebze 

(naxazi #2.1). 

naxazi 2.1 

HACCP-i da winaswar mosamzadebeli programebi 

H A C C P 

HACCP-is principebia: 

1. safrTxis identifikacia da analizi, romelic 

sursaTis warmoebisas dakavSirebulia mTel 

teqnologiur ciklTan - nedleulis miRebidan 

moxmarebisaTvis gankuTvnil mza produqciamde. 

biologiuri, qimiuri da fizikuri safrTxeebi 

ganixileba sursaTis uvneblobaze maTi moqmedebis 

TvalsazrisiT; 

2. safrTxis analizis Sedegad dgindeba kritikuli 

sakontrolo wertilebi; 

3. TiToeuli sakontrolo wertilisaTvis dgindeba 

kritikuli zRvari; 

4. kritikul sakontrolo wertilebze monitoringis 

ganxorcieleba da Sesabamisi Canawerebis 

warmoeba; 

5. makoreqtirebeli qmedebebi, rodesac monitoringis 

Sedegad dgindeba sakontrolo wertilze 

kritikuli zRvaridan gadaxra; 

6. damowmebis procedurebi, anu verifikacia, rokargi 

higienis praqtika (GHP) 

kargi warmoebis praqtika (GMP) 

jandacvis msoflio organizacia `kargi higienis 

praqtikas~ ganmartavs, rogorc ùsafrTxoebis 

zomebs, romelTa dacva aucilebelia sursaTis warmoebis, 

gadamuSavebis, Senaxvisa da distribuciis 

dros, adamianis moxmarebisaTvis gankuTvnili jansaRi, 

uvnebeli sasursaTo produqtebis misaRebad.~ 

GHP-i da GMP-i mosamzadebeli programebi ar 

warmoadgenen HACCP-is sistemis nawils, misi amoqmedeba, 

rogorc wesi, win uswrebs sistemis danergvas 

da exeba mTel sawarmos. es SedarebiT zogadi programebia, 

romelic moicavs sawarmosa da momsaxure 

personalisaTvis mravalricxovan procedurebs, 

Sesabamisad, sawarmos mowyobisa da funqcionirebis 

mraval aspeqts exeba: 

• teritoriisa da sawarmoo Senobis dagegmareba 

(sawarmo SenobaTa eqsterieri da interieri, 

gverdigverd arsebuli Senoba-nagebobebi, 

produqtis moZraoba-nakadi, ventilacia, ganaTeba, 

sawarmoo narCenebis ganadgureba da 

nagvis gatana, xelsabanebi da tualetebi, warmoebaSi 

gamoyenebuli wyali); 

• TanamSromelTa swavlebis programebi; 

• mavneblebis kontroli, nedleulisa da damxmare 

masalebis momwodebelTa SerCeva; 

• manqana-danadgarebis da sawarmo-teqnologiuri 

aRWurvilobis eqspluatacia; 

• TanamSromelTa qcevis wesebi; 

• nedleulis kontroli; 

• sawarmoo garemos kontroli; 

• mza produqciisa da nedleulis Senaxva/dasawyobeba 

da distribucia; 

• mza produqciis kontroli. 

sanitaruli kontrolis anu standartuli sanitariuli 

samuSao procedurebi. sanitariuli kontrolis 

procedurebis saSualebiT sursaTis gadamamuSavebel 

sawarmoebSi uzrunvelyofilia kargi 

sawarmoo praqtikis meTodebis ganxorcieleba da 

misi dacva. rogorc wesi, standartuli sanitariuli 

samuSao procedurebi moicavs sawarmoSi calkeuli 

saamqroebisaTvis parametrebis konkretul CamonaTvals 

da im RonisZiebebs, romelTa saSualebiTac am 

parametrebis gansazRvruli, aucilebeli sidideebis 

miRwevaa SesaZlebeli. kerZod: 

a. jvaredini dabinZurebis Tavidan acileba, 

teqnologiuri procesis calkeul etapze sursaTis 

gadaadgilebis dros muSa-mosamsaxureTa gadaadgilebis 

SezRudviT; 

b. xelsabanebisa da dezinfeqciis punqtebis 

ganlageba saTanado adgilebze; 

g. teqnologiuri mowyobilobebisaTvis Sesabamisi 

teqnikuri momsaxurebis, maTi gasufTavebisa da 

dezinfeqciis xelmisawvdomoba da sadezinfeqcio da 

gamwmendi saSualebebis kontroli; 

d. sawarmoo danadgarebisa da aRWurvilobis 

gawmenda-dasufTaveba da damuSaveba adgilze. 

miuxedavad imisa, sursaTis mwarmoebel/gadamamuSavebel 

sawarmos danergili aqvs Tu ara HACCP-i, 

igi mainc unda pasuxobdes `sursaTis higienis zogadi 

wesebis“ moTxovnebs. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom mcdaria 

gavrcelebuli warmodgena, rom sanitariuli 

kontroli moicavs mxolod danadgarebis, mowyobilobebis 

da aRWurvilobebis sisufTavis kontrols. 

Tumca, es ukanaskneli arsebiTia uvnebeli sursaTis 

warmoebisaTvis. aranakleb mniSvnelovania momsaxure 

personalis, Senoba-nagebobebis, saamqroebis higiena, 

sawyobi saTavsoebi, aseve mowyobilobaTa konstruqciebis, 

teqnologiuri operaciebis Tanmimdevrobis 

marTebuli dagegmva. 

2.3 HACCP-is principebi da dagegmva 

4

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biuleteni 

melic gviCvenebs, rom sistema muSaobs srulad. 

7. Sesabamisi dokumentaciis warmoeba. 

safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertilebis dadgenis sqematur-logikuri Tanmimdevroba 

mocemulia naxazze 2.2. 

naxazi 2.2 

safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertilebis dadgenis sqematur-logikuri 

Tanmimdevroba 

1. HACCP-is jgufis Seqmna 

2. produqtis aRwera 

3.produqtis daniSnuleba anu SesaZlo gamoyenebis sfero 

4. teqnologiuri blok-sqemis ageba 

5. blok-sqemis adgilze gadamowmeba 

6. potenciuri safrTxeebis gansazRvra da maTi CamonaTvali 

7.kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis gansazRvra 

8. kritikuli sakontroli wertilebis zRvrebis dadgena 

9. TiToeli sakontrolo wertilisaTvis monitoringis sistemis 

SemuSaveba 

SesaZloa iyos ori TanamSromeli, romelTagan erTs 

mainc gavlili aqvs HACCP-is swavleba. am gundis 

muSaobaSi SesaZloa monawileobdnen sxva specialistebic, 

romlebic ar muSaoben am sawarmoSi, aqvT 

Sesabamisi kvalifikacia da codna, zustad gansazRvron 

sursaTTan dakavSirebuli qimiuri, biologiuri 

da fizikuri safrTxeebi. 

did sawarmoebSi HACCP-is samuSao jgufSi monawileoben 

sxvadasxva profilis specialistebi, romelTa 

raodenoba 7-8 adamians ar aRemateba. isini 

SeirCevian kvalifikaciisa da ganaTlebis mixedviT. 

rekomendebulia, HACCP-is jgufSi Sediodes: 

1. sawarmoo ganyofilebis warmomadgeneli; 

2. xarisxis ganyofilebis warmomadgeneli; 

3. mikrobiologi; 

4. mTavari meqanikosi; 

5. teqnologiuri saamqros warmomadgeneli; 

6. laboratoriis TanamSromeli; 

7. mosamzadebeli procedurebisaTvis mizanSewonilia 

eqimi-higienistis perioduli CarTva. 

HACCP-is samuSao jgufma kargad unda icodes 

teqnologiuri ciklis operaciebi, manqana-danadgarebi, 

maTi momsaxurebis wesebi, gamzomi-sakontrolo 

saSualebebi, unda icnobdnen sasursaTo produqciasTan 

dakavSirebul yvela saxis normatiul 

dokumentebs, aseve gamoyenebiTi mikrobiologiis 

safuZvlebs, HACCP-is principebs da misi gamoyenebis 

meTodebs. 

idealur SemTxvevaSi mravalprofiliani gundi 

kargad unda erkveodes rogorc kvebis teqnologiaSi, 

ise agronomiaSi, veterinariaSi, medicinaSi, 

garemos dacvaSi, qimiasa da sainJinro disciplineb- 

Si, raTa maqsimalurad uzrunvelyon biologiuri, 

qimiuri da fizikuri safrTxeebis identificireba. 

realur SemTxvevaSi xdeba specialistebis mowveva 

da Sesabamisi teqnikuri literaturis gamoyeneba. 

HACCP-is samuSao jgufs unda hyavdes xelmZRvaneli-koordinatori, 

romelic uflebamosilia daakompleqtos 

HACCP-is ZiriTadi da damxmare samu- 

Sao jgufebi. misi ZiriTadi funqciebia: 

10. makoreqtirebeli qmedebebis SemuSaveba 

11. gadamowmebis procedurebi anu verifikacia 

12. dokumentebisa da Canawerebis warmoeba 

1. HACCP-is sistemis efeqturobas gansazRvravs 

HACCP-is jgufi, romlis wevrTa raodenoba mkacrad 

ar aris gansazRvruli. mcire sawarmoebSi es 

• samuSao jgufis formireba; 

• aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi masSi cvlilebebis 

Setana; 

• samuSao jgufis muSaobis koordinireba; 

• SeTanxmebuli gegmis Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa; 

• samuSaoebis, ufleba-movaleobebis da funqciebis 

ganawileba; 

• azris Tavisufali gamoTqmis uzrunvelyofa da 

jgufis wevrebs Soris davebis Tavidan acileba; 

• samuSaoebis SemsruleblebisaTvis jgufis gadawyvetilebaTa 

gacnoba; 

• jgufis wevrebis wardgena-gacnoba organizaciis 

xelmZRvanelobisaTvis. 

5


HACCP-is samuSao jgufs unda hyavdes teqnikuri 

mdivani, romelic uzrunvelyofs: 

• jgufis sxdomebis organizebas; 

• sxdomebze jgufis wevrebis daswrebis registracias; 

• sxdomebis oqmebis warmoebas; 

samuSao jgufi ar unda iyos Semdgari ierarqiis 

mixedviT da gavlili unda hqondes swavleba Semdeg 

Temebze: 

• HACCP-is ZiriTadi principebi, etapebi, romelic 

miRebulia FAO/WHO da Codex alimentarius-is 

komisiis mier (1997); 

• HACCP-is sistemisa da xarisxis marTvis ISO 

9000, GMP, GLP, Sesabamisoba da urTierTqmedeba; 

• xarisxis sistema. xarisxis marTva HACCP-is 

principebis mixedviT; 

• HACCP-is saxelmZRvanelo; 

• HACCP-is gegma da misi ZiriTadi stadiebi; 

• potenciuri riskebisa da safrTxis analizi, safrTxis 

parametrebis kontrolis saSualebebi; 

• kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis identifikacia; 

• kritikuli zRvaris dadgena; 

• monitoringi kritikul wertilebze; 

• makoreqtirebeli qmedebebis SemuSaveba da danergva, 

verifikacia; 

• dokumentebis marTvis sistema da procedurebi; 

• HACCP-is sistemis marTva da auditi; 

• sursaTis uvneblobis HACCP-is sistemis gaumjobeseba. 

HACCP-is jgufis Sexvedrebis sixSire ganisazRvreba 

sursaTis warmoebis teqnologiuri ciklis 

xangrZlivobiT da warmoebuli produqciis moculobiT. 

HACCP-is sistemis danergvis savaraudo vadaa 6 

Tvidan erT wlamde. am periodis ganmavlobaSi organizaciis 

xelmZRvanelobam unda: 

• uzrunvelyos samuSao jgufebis Sexvedra; 

• gamonaxos finansuri resursebi jgufis wevrTa 

an wevris swavlebisaTvis; 

• uzrunvelyos jgufi da organizaciis qvedanayofebi 

aucilebeli samuSao dokumentaciiT; 

• uzrunvelyos laboratoriis xelmisawvdomoba; 

• uzrunvelyos informirebuloba. 

HACCP-is gegmis SemuSaveba unda daiwyos teqnikuri 

davalebis SedgeniT, romelSic dokumentirebuli 

unda iqnas samuSao jgufis ZiriTad da mowveul 

wevrTa samuSao gamocdileba, maTi ufleba-movaleobebi 

da valdebulebebi, maTi kvalifikacia. teqnikur 

davalebas xels awers HACCP-is jgufis xelmZRvaneli 

da mtkicdeba organizaciis xelmZRvanelis xelmoweriT. 

amasTan, organizaciis xelmZRvaneli gamoscems 

brZanebas HACCP-is jgufis xelmZRvanelis daniSvnis, 

sawarmos organizaciul struqturaSi misi adgilis, 

pasuxismgeblobebisa da ufleba-movaleobebis 

Sesaxeb. 

organizaciis umaRlesi xelmZRvanelobis mier 

ganisazRvreba HACCP-is samuSao jgufis finansuri 

da sainformacio resursebi. 

teqnikur davalebaSi unda ganisazRvros warmoebis 

is konkretuli etapebi da safrTxeebis zogadi 

klasebi, romlebic gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba HAC- 

CP-is gegmis SemuSavebisas. 

teqnikur davalebaSi HACCP-is gegma ganisazRvreba 

sawarmos mier gamoSvebuli yvela saxeobis 

sasursaTo produqciisaTvis; Tu warmoebis romelime 

etapi saerToa sxvadasxva dasaxelebis sasursaTo 

produqciisaTvis, am SemTxvevaSi dgindeba 

sazRvrebi, romlis Semdegac produqciis calkeuli 

saxeobebisaTvis unda dadgindes individualuri safrTxeebi. 

HACCP-is gegma SesaZloa moicavdes rogorc 

mTlian process, ise mxolod gansazRvrul nawils. 

am dros gasaTvaliswinebelia teqnologiuri procesis 

xangrZlivoba da sirTule, misi calkeul modulebad 

dayofis SesaZlebloba. mniSvnelovania 

produqciis gadaadgileba sawarmos SigniT, aseve 

prioritetuli safrTxeebis identificirebis gansazRvris 

SesaZlebloba. 

teqnikur davalebaSi unda dadgindes aseve sasursaTo 

produqciis sawarmoo ciklis calkeuli 

etapebi, romlebic gasaTvaliswinebelia sursaTis 

uvneblobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis. es etapebia sawyobSi 

Senaxva, mza produqciis ganawileba, transportireba, 

sacalo gayidva, momxmareblis mier gadamu- 

Saveba da sxv. gamomdinare iqidan, Tu ramdenad kritikulia 

es etapebi. ase magaliTad, `momxmarebelTa 

mier gadamuSavebis~ etapis HACCP-is gegmaSi CarTvisaTvis 

unda ganisazRvros: aris Tu ara sasursaTo 

produqcia uvnebeli warmoebis bolo etapze, anu 

kontroldeba Tu ara yvela safrTxe, Tu produqti 

saWiroebs damatebiT specialur gadamuSavebas; im 

SemTxvevaSi, Tu malfuWebadi produqti (magaliTad, 

axali, daumuSavebeli xorcis nawarmi), arasaTanado 

damuSavebis gamo warmoadgens potenciur safrTxes, 

misi Tavidan acilebisa da minimumamde Semcirebisa- 

Tvis sakmarisi da sandoa Tu ara momxmareblis mier 

misi gadamuSaveba. 

2. produqtis aRwera anu informacia produqtis 

Sesaxeb 

sasursaTo produqciis calkeuli saxeobisa- 

Tvis unda SemuSavdes HACCP-is samuSao gegma. mza 

sasursaTo produqciis maCveneblebis Sesaxeb informacia, 

instruqciebi, saSualebas iZleva dadgindes 

misi sruli maxasiaTeblebi sruli teqnologiuri 

ciklis mimdinareobisas. 

calkeuli saxeobis mza sasursaTo produqciisaTvis 

unda arsebobdes: 

• normatiuli dokumentebisa da teqnikuri piro- 

6

# 111 

biuleteni 

bebis dasaxeleba da aRniSvna; 

• ZiriTadi da damxmare nedleulis dasaxeleba 

da aRniSvna, sakvebdanamatebi, SesafuTi masalebi, 

maTi warmoSoba, aseve maTi normatiuli 

dokumentebi da teqnikuri pirobebi; 

• gamoSvebuli sasursaTo produqtis uvneblobis 

moTxovnebi Sesabamisi normatiuli dokumentis 

miTiTebiT; 

• produqciis saidentifikacio nomeri an niSani; 

• produqciis Senaxvis pirobebi da vargisobis 

vada; 

• produqciis aradaniSnulebisamebr gamoyenebis 

arsebuli da potenciuri SesaZleblobebi; 

• saWiroebisamebr produqciis gamoyenebis an SezRuduli 

gamoyenebisaTvis rekomendaciebi, m.S. 

momxmarebelTa calkeuli jgufebisaTvis (magaliTad, 

bavSvebi, orsuli qalebi da sxv.). Sesabamisi 

informacia mocemuli unda iqnas Tanmxleb 

dokumentaciaSi; 

• aradaniSnulebisamebr produqciis gamoyenebis 

SemTxvevaSi obieqturad prognozirebadi safr- 

Txis warmoqmnis SesaZlebloba. 

v) warmoebis pirobebi da a.S. 

3. produqtis daniSnuleba anu SesaZlo gamoyenebis 

sfero 

am etapze samuSao jgufma unda gansazRvros 

`vin iqneba mza sasursaTo produqciis momxmarebeli~ 

da `rogor iqneba igi gamoyenebuli.~ am dros unda 

dadgindes `moixmars Tu ara sasursaTo produqts 

momxmarebelTa gansakuTrebuli jgufebi~ (bavSvebi, 

orsuli da meZuZuri dedebi, xandazmulebi da a.S). 

aucilebelia produqtis etiketze miTiTebuli 

informacia iyos sruli da gasagebi nebismieri momxmareblisaTvis. 

aseve unda ganisazRvros, mizanSewonilia 

Tu ara sursaTis Semadgenlobis an/da warmoebis 

wesis Secvla imisaTvis, rom misi gamoyeneba 

SeZlos momxmarebelTa nebismierma jgufma. gasaTvaliswinebelia 

aseve aradaniSnulebisa mebr sasursa- 

To produqciis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi obieqturad 

prognozirebadi safrTxis warmoqmnis SesaZlebloba. 

4. sawarmos teqnologiuri blok-sqemis ageba 

samuSao jgufma rac SeiZleba detalurad unda 

aRweros produqti: 

• produqtis dasaxeleba; 

• Semadgenloba; 

• fizikur/qimiuri maxasiaTeblebi (m.S. A w 

, pH da a.S.); 

• mikroorganizmTa Semcveloba; 

• damuSavebis/gadamuSavebis saxeebi (Termuli, 

gayinva, damarileba, Sebolva da a.S); 

• SefuTvis tipi; 

• Senaxvis vadebi da Senaxvis pirobebi; 

• SefuTvaze instruqcia. 

produqciis aRwerisas samuSao jgufma pasuxi 

unda gasces Semdeg SekiTxvebs: 

a) rogor iqneba sursaTi gamoyenebuli? anu mzadaa 

igi gamoyenebisaTvis Tu moxmarebis win sa- 

Wiroebs gacxelebas, Semdgom gadamuSavebas da 

a.S. 

b) sad gaiyideba produqti, sacalo, sabiTumo va- 

Wrobis Tu sazogadoebrivi kvebis obieqtebSi? 

g) sursaTis Senaxvis pirobebi (magaliTad, gayinva 

-18 0 C, gacieba + 4 0 C). 

informacia ar unda Semoifarglebodes mxolod 

mza sasursaTo produqciiT, aucilebelia informacia 

nedleulis Sesaxebac, romelic unda moicavdes: 

a) ingredientebis, SesafuTi masalis da a.S. aRweras; 

b) informacias maTi warmoSobis, transportirebis 

pirobebis, SefuTvis Sesaxeb; 

g) fizikuri-qimiuri maxasiaTeblebi; 

d) mikroorganizmTa Semcveloba; 

e) gamoyenebisa da Senaxvis pirobebi; 

diagrama, anu sawarmo-teqnologiuri procesis 

blok-sqema warmoadgens teqnologiuri operaciebis 

mkafio da martiv Tanmimdevrobas, romelic moicavs 

sursaTis warmoebis procesis yvela stadias ingredientebis 

miRebidan mza sasursaTo produqciis realizatorebamde, 

aseve detalur monacemebs produqciis 

gadamuSavebis ciklis TiToeuli etapis-stadiis 

Sesaxeb, garda gadamuSavebis reJimebisa, aq igulisxmeba 

aseve Senaxvis pirobebi da sxva detalebi, 

romelic saSualebas iZleva identificirebul iqnas 

fizikuri, qimiuri da biologiuri safrTxeebi. 

ufro meti informaciisaTvis sasursaTo produqciis 

sawarmoo ciklis nakadis diagrama mizanSewonilia 

warmodgenili iqnas Tanmimdevruli 

blokebis saxiT, romelic moicavs rogorc gadamuSavebis 

stadiebs, ise gadamuSavebamde da gadamuSavebis 

Semdgom etapebs. 

sawarmoo procesis blok-sqemis nimuSi orcxobilaSi 

amovlebuli Roris xorcis naxevarfabrikatisaTvis 

mocemulia naxazze #2.3. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu 

teqnologiuri procesi rTulia da ramdenime operaciisagan 

Sedgeba, igi unda daiyos ramdenime mcire 

operaciad da SemuSavdes Sesabamisi blok-sqemebi. 

blok-sqemis garda HACCP-is jgufi adgens sa- 

Tavsoebis sqematur gegmas, romelic moicavs sawarmoo 

xazebis Tanmimdevrobas, personalis gadaadgilebas 

(gasaxdelebi, Sxapi, sveli wertilebi, kvebis 

bloki). am diagramis SedgenaSi monawileoben teqnologebi, 

saamqros ufrosebi da saWiroebis mixedviT 

sxva specialistebi. 

diagramaze aucilebelia aRniSnuli iqnas sawarmoo 

kontrolis sqema, romelic moicavs: 

‣ teqnologiuri procesis sakontrolo parametrebs, 

kontrolis moculobasa da periodulobas; 

‣ dasufTavebis, dezinfeqcia-deratizaciis pro- 

7


sawarmoo procesis blok-sqemis nimuSiorcxobilaSi amovlebuli 

Roris xorcis naxevarfabrikatisaTvis 

naxazi 2.3 

cximis SeZena safanelis SeZena wyali fqvilis 

xorcis 

SeZena 

SeZena 

miReba da 

Senaxva 

miReba da 

mSralad Senaxva 

miReba da 

mSralad 

Senaxva 

miReba da 

macivarSi 

Senaxva 

gacra 

gacra 

wyalTan 

Sereva 

damuSaveba 

safanelSi 

amovleba 

sakontrolo 

awonva 

(danakargis 

norma) 

dozatori d 

filtracia 

sruli Sewva 

gaciveba 

SefuTva 

paketi 

markireba 

Senaxva 

miwodeba da 

sacalo vaWroba 

8

# 111 

biuleteni 

cedurebis instruqciebs, personalis higienas, 

sawarmo danadgarebis, damxmare masalebisa da 

inventaris recxvasa da momsaxurebas, sanitaruli 

damuSavebis punqtebs, tualetebis adgilmdebareobas, 

xelsabanis, sameurneo-sayofacxovrebo 

zonebis, ventilaciis sistemebis 

adgilmdebareobas; 

‣ droebiTi Senaxva-ganTavsebis adgilebsa da pirobebs; 

‣ kritikulad gardamavali wertilebi (milsadenebi, 

gamanawilebeli sarqvelebi da sxv.); 

‣ xelaxali gadamuSavebisaTvis kritikuli adgilebi; 

‣ dasufTavebisa da dezinfeqciis organizebis 

kritikuli punqtebi; 

‣ sawarmoo danadgarebis CarTva-gamorTvis, avariuli 

gaCerebis kritikuli wertilebi; 

‣ kritikuli wertilebi, sadac SesaZlebelia moxdes 

sasursaTo produqciis jvaredini dabinZureba 

nedleulidan, dasazeTi saSualebebidan, 

personalidan, gasacivebeli agregatebidan, 

konteinerebidan, qvesadgamebidan da a.S. 

da xarisxobrivi potenciuri safrTxis CamonaTvals. 

Sefasebas eqvemdebareba produqtis maxasiaTeblebi, 

gamoyenebuli nedleuli da ingredientebi, sawarmoo 

cikli, saTavsoebi, mowyobiloba-danadgarebi, momsaxure 

personali, sawarmoo procesebi, SefuTva, Senaxva 

da realizacia. 

1. nedleuli 

• ra safrTxeebs Seicavs sasursaTo produqciis 

damzadebisaTvis gamoyenebuli nedleuli, ramdenad 

mdgradia es safrTxeebi; 

• gamoiyeneba Tu ara iseTi sasursaTo nedleuli, 

romelTa didi odenobiT gamoyeneba recepturis 

mixedviT ukve safrTxes warmoadgens mza 

sasursaTo produqtisaTvis? 

2. Sida faqtorebi 

(sursaTis fizikuri maxasiaTeblebi misi Semadgenloba 

damuSavebamde da damuSavebis Semdeg, m.S. 

A w 

, pH, konservantebi da a.S.); 

5. blok-sqemis gadamowmeba-verifikacia 

samuSao jgufma unda Seadaros sawarmos bloksqema 

arsebul teqnologiur process; 

gaaanalizos teqnologiuri procesi mTeli sawarmoo 

ciklis mixedviT; 

darwmundes, rom blok-sqema Seesabameba sursa- 

Tis warmoebis teqnologiur jaWvs; 

gadamowmebisas xdeba yvela sawarmoo operacia- 

Si miTiTebuli kritikuli wertilebis, yvela 

komponentis, m.S. SesafuTi masalis, personalis 

gadaadgilebis, dabinZurebis potenciuri zonebis 

Sedareba. 

sawarmoo blok-sqemis gadamowmebis proceduraSi 

monawileobs HACCP-is samuSao jgufis yvela 

wevri da aseve sakontrolo qvedanayofebSi momuSave 

TanamSromlebi. 

gadamowmeba-kontrolis Semdeg dgeba Sesabamisi 

oqmi, romelsac xels awers HACCP-is jgufis xelmZRvaneli 

da sawarmos qvedanayofis xelmZRvaneli. 

aseTi gadamowmebebi unda ganxorcieldes regularulad, 

winaswar gansazRvruli da damtkicebuli 

drois dadgenil intervalSi. Sedegebi unda iyos 

dokumentirebuli. 

6. potenciuri safrTxeebis gamovlena 

am etapze dgindeba im safrTxeebis CamonaTvali, 

romelic Tavisi mniSvnelobiT uSualod gansazRvravs 

sursaTis uvneblobas da maTi araefeqturi 

kontroli safrTxes uqmnis adamianis janmrTelobasa 

da sicocxles. 

es procesi moicavs or stadias: 

I. stadia - pirvel rigSi HACCP-is jgufi gansazRvravs 

yvela - fizikuri, qimiuri, biologiuri 

• ra safrTxeebi SeiZleba warmoiqmnas teqnologiuri 

ciklis sxvadasxva etapze, rac ga moiwvevs 

sursaTis Sedgenilobaze kontrolis dakargvas? 

• warmoadgens Tu ara sasursaTo produqtis Sedgeniloba 

bunebriv sakveb ares mikroorganizmTa 

zrda-ganviTarebisa da gamravlebisaTvis? 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara sawarmoo jaWvis Semdgom 

etapebze moxdes daavadebis gamomwvevi mikroorganizmebis 

raodenobis mateba an maT mier 

warmoqmnili toqsinis dagroveba? 

• mcirdeba Tu ara mikrobuli dabinZurebis albaToba 

teqnologiuri procesis momdevno etapebze? 

• aris Tu ara bazarze ganTavsebuli analogiuri 

sasursaTo produqtebi da ra saxis safrTxeebi 

ukavSirdeba maT? 

3. sasursaTo produqtebis mikrobiologiuri 

Sedgeniloba 

• rogoria sasursaTo produqtis normaluri 

(bunebrivi) mikroflora? 

• Senaxvis vadisa da pirobebis Sesabamisad icvleba 

Tu ara mikrobTa populacia? 

• axdens Tu ara gavlenas mikrobTa Secvlili populacia 

sasursaTo produqtis uvneblobaze? 

• am SekiTxvebze pasuxebis mixedviT SesaZlebelia 

Tu ara, arsebobdes sxvadasxva safrTxeebis 

warmoqmnis albaToba? 

4. saTavsoebi 

• arsebobs Tu ara safrTxeebi, romlebic uSualod 

ukavSirdeba saTavsoebis ganlagebas? (nedleulis, 

naxevarfabrikatebis, mza produqciis, 

9


momsaxure personalis gadaadgilebisas jvaredini 

dabinZurebis safrTxeebi), an Senobis Sida 

garemosTan dakavSirebuli safrTxeebi? 

• uzrunvelyofs Tu ara sanitariuli dasufTavebis 

Sesabamisi programebi da RonisZiebebi 

- dezinfeqcia, dezinseqcia, deratizacia - safrTxeebis 

Tavidan acilebas? 

5. mowyobiloba-danadgarebi 

• uzrunvelyofs Tu ara drois gansazRvrul periodSi 

dadgenili jeradobiT mowyobilobebisa 

da danadgarebis Sesabamisi temperaturuli 

damuSaveba sursaTis uvneblobas? 

• saimedoa Tu ara mowyobiloba-danadgarebi? 

• aris Tu ara albaToba imisa, rom mowyobilobebidan 

da danadgarebidan moxdeba sursaTis 

dabinZureba? (mina, liToni) 

• ra saSualebebi gamoiyeneba imisaTvis, rom daculi 

iqnas sursaTis uvnebloba? (liTonis deteqtorebi, 

magnituri damWeri, badeebi, filtrebi, 

Termometri, cxavi, ekranebi) 

• daSvebuli sazRvrebis farglebSi SesaZlebelia 

Tu ara mowyobiloba-danadgarebis efeqturi 

kontroli? 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara mowyobiloba-danadgarebis 

efeqturi recxva, Tu aris iseTi detalebi, 

romelic Znelad irecxeba an miuwvdomelia recxvisas? 

6. personali 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara gamoyenebulma sawarmoo 

praqtikam uaryofiTad imoqmedos sursaTis uvneblobaze? 

• sakmarisad aris Tu ara momzadebuli momuSave 

personali sursaTis higienis sakiTxebSi? 

• arsebobs Tu ara sawarmoSi momsaxure personalis 

daavadebaTa kontrolis sistema? 

• gacnobierebuli aqvs Tu ara momsaxure personals 

HACCP-is sistemis zogadi safuZvlebi da 

miznebi? ician Tu ara rogor gavlenas axdens 

es sursaTis uvneblobaze da sawarmoo procesis 

mimdinareobaze? 

7. procesebi 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara mikrobiologiuri safr- 

Txeebi mdgradi aRmoCndes warmoebis romelime 

etapze Termuli damuSavebis mimarT da Tu arsebobs 

iseTi etapi, romelzec maTi sruli ganadgureba 

xdeba? 

• SesaZloa Tu ara gadamuSavebis procesSi sasursaTo 

produqtis gamoyenebam warmoqmnas potenciuri 

safrTxe? 

8. SefuTva 

• uzrunvelyofs Tu ara sasursaTo produqtis 

SefuTva mis dacvas qimiuri da biologiuri 

safrTxeebisagan, aseve meoradi dabinZurebisagan? 

(mowmdeba SesafuTi masalis ganvladoba, 

mTlianoba); 

• aris Tu ara raime gamafrTxilebeli warwera 

SefuTvaze markirebisas imisaTvis, rom daculi 

iqnas sursaTis uvnebloba? 

• aris Tu ara SefuTvaze instruqcia sasursaTo 

produqtis momzadebis wesebis Sesaxeb? 

• aris Tu ara raime gamafrTxilebeli warwera 

SefuTvaze? 

• aris Tu ara identificirebuli (Strix-kodi an 

sxv.) calkeuli SefuTuli erTeuli? 

• yvela SefuTvas aqvs Tu ara swori etiketi? 

• etiketze mocemul ingredientebSi aris Tu ara 

yvela potenciuri alergenis CamonaTvali? 

9. Senaxva da realizacia 

• aris Tu ara kontroli Senaxvis xangrZlivobaze, 

temperaturul da ganTavsebis pirobebze 

sabiTumo da sacalo vaWrobis, aseve sazogadoebrivi 

kvebis obieqtebSi? 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara momxmareblis mier sasursaTo 

produqtis aradaniSnulebisamebr gamoyenebisas 

warmoiqmnas safrTxe? 

yvela am faqtoris gaTvaliswineba aucilebelia 

safrTxeebis identificirebisa da maTgan gamowveuli 

SesaZlo riskebis Sefasebisas. am dros rekomendebulia 

gunduri muSaobis principi, rodesac SefasebaSi 

monawileobs sxvadasxva specialobis adamianebi. am 

meTodis upiratesoba imaSi gamoixateba, rom: 

• warmoiqmneba axali ideebi; 

• problemebi fasdeba sxvadasxva poziciebidan, 

Sesabamisad, gamoiyeneba urTierTswavlebis 

procesi da vlindeba yvela SesaZlo potenciali. 

mcirdeba albaToba imisa, rom gaTvaliswinebuli 

ar iqneba romelime safrTxe. 

II stadia - am etapze HACCP-is jgufma SesaZlo 

safrTxeebidan unda gansazRvros gansakuTrebuli 

mniSvnelobis mqone, anu kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertilebi, razedac unda fokusirdes kontrolis 

sistema, raTa minimumamde Semcirdes momxmareblis 

janmrTelobaze safrTxis Semcveli sasursaTo produqtis 

moxmarebiT gamowveuli arasasurveli zegavlenisa 

da simZimis albaToba. 

Tu ar aris aseTi midgoma, saWiro gaxdeboda Zalian 

didi raodenobiT wertilebis kontroli. amitomacaa, 

rom calkeuli potenciuri safrTxeebisaTvis 

tardeba riskis analizi, anu yoveli calkeuli 

potenciuri safrTxisaTvis xdeba momxmareblis mier 

mza produqciis gamoyenebisas riskis albaTobis 

10

# 111 

biuleteni 

riskis analizis diagrama 

naxazi 2.4 

dauSvebeli riski 

Sedegebis simZime 

daSvebuli 

riski 

safrTxis realizaciis albaToba 

Sefaseba. Tumca, kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis 

kontroli ar gamoricxavs naklebmniSvnelovani 

safrTxeebis gaTvaliswinebasac. 

am Sefasebas atarebs HACCP-is gundi, romelic 

emyareba: 

• HACCP-is jgufis wevrebis codnas da gamocdilebas; 

• informacias samecniero-teqnikuri literaturidan, 

statiebidan, saxelmZRvaneloebidan; 

• informacias momwodeblebisagan da aseve analogiuri 

produqtebis mwarmoeblebisagan; 

• momxmarebelTa gamoxmaurebebsa da saCivrebs; 

• epidemiologiur monacemebs. 

rekomendebulia am dros riskis analizis CatarebisTvis 

gamoiyenon diagrama (naxazi 2.4), romlis 

Tanaxmadac eqspertuli meTodiT (yvela SesaZlo 

sainformacio wyaroze dayrdnobiTa da jgufis wevrebis 

gamocdilebis gaTvaliswinebiT) xdeba safrTxis 

realizaciis albaTobis Sefaseba SesaZlo 4 SesaZlo 

variantidan: 

1. praqtikulad nulis tolia; 

2. umniSvneloa; 

3. mniSvnelovania; 

4. maRalia 

aseve unda Sefasdes produqtis gamoyenebiT 

momxmareblisaTvis riskis simZimis albaToba: 

1. msubuqi; 

2. saSualo; 

3. mZime; 

4. kritikuli. 

diagramaze xdeba dasaSvebi riskebis sazRvris 

dadgena. Tu wertili mdebareobs sazRvarze an sazRvris 

zemoT, safrTxis gamomwvevi faqtori gasa- 

Tvaliswinebelia da realuria, Tu qvemoT - ara. 

am etapze xdeba safrTxis analizis samuSao 

formebis Sevseba. (safrTxis analizis rekomendebuli 

forma mocemulia cxrilSi #2.5). 

SemdegSi yoveli identificirebuli safrTxisaTvis 

aucilebelia SemuSavdes sakontrolo da gamafrTxilebeli 

qmedebebi, romelic amcirebs riskis 

warmoqmnis albaTobas. safrTxis kontroli SesaZlebelia 

ganxorcieldes ramdenime saSualebiT. ase 

magaliTad: 

• mikroorganizmebi SesaZloa daixocos gacxelebiT, 

maTi zrda-ganviTareba Seferxdes an daiTrgunos 

maRali an dabali temperaturis zemoqmedebiT, 

dabali tenianobis pirobebis SeqmniT, 

konservantebis gamoyenebiT, pH-is regulirebiT 

da a.S.; 

• cxovelur organizmSi medikamentebisa da veterinaruli 

daniSnulebis preparatebis narCeni 

raodenobis warmoqmnis an mcenareebSi pesticidebis 

narCeni raodenobis Semcvelobis gaCenis 

Tavidan acilebis mizniT, aucilebelia gonivruli 

qmedebebis Catareba, kerZod, garkveuli 

vadiT dayovneba maTi gamoyenebidan mosavlis 

aRebamde da saqonlis dakvlamde, an mowvelamde; 

• sursaTSi parazitebis moxvedris Tavidan asacileblad 

kontroldeba cxovelebis kvebis 

racioni, aseve gamoiyeneben nedleulis Srobasa 

da gayinvas. aseve nedleulisa da mza produqciis 

gamijvna-gancalkeveba uzrunvelyofs 

maTi raodenobis Semcirebas; 

• fizikuri safrTxis (meqanikuri minarevebi) kontrolisas 

sakmarisia vizualuri Semowmeba, gacra, 

liTondeteqtoris, magnitis gamoyeneba da a.S. 

amdenad, TiToeuli safrTxe da misi sakontrolo 

RonisZiebebi unda ganixilebodes cal-calke. 

11


zogierTi safrTxis Tavidan asacileblad SesaZlebelia 

erTze meti sakontrolo-gamafrTxilebeli 

moqmedebis gamoyeneba. amasTan, erTze meti safrTxe 

SesaZlebelia Tavidan iqnas acilebuli ramdenime 

RonisZiebiT (magaliTad, rZis pasterizacia). 

gamafrTxilebeli qmedebebisaTvis rekomendebulia 

forma cxrili #2.1-is gamoyeneba. 

sawarmoo procesis gawyvetilebaTa xe gansxvavdeba 

nedleulis miRebis gadawyvetilebaTa xisagan. 

am moqmedebaTa Sesrulebis Sefaseba tardeba 

HACCP-is jgufis mier da periodulad mowmdeba 

Sida auditis dros. 

imis dasadgenad, warmoadgens Tu ara warmoebis 

konkretuli operacia/etapi kritikul sakontrolo 

forma gamafrTxilebeli qmedebebisaTvis 

cxrili #2.1 

operaciis dasaxeleba 

gasaTvaliswinebeli 

safrTxe 

sakontrolo 

maxasiaTeblebi 

gamafrTxilebeli 

qmedeba 

1 2 3 4 

7. kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis gansazRvra 

am etapis mizania gamovlindes is wertilebi, 

etapebi, procedurebi, romelzec SesaZlebelia ganxorcieldes 

kontroli, raTa Semcirdes, Tavidan 

iqnas acilebuli an misaReb donemde Semcirebuli 

safrTxeebi. es SesaZloa iyos sawarmoo ciklis nebismieri 

stadia. magaliTad, rogoricaa temperaturuli 

damuSaveba, gaciveba, ingredientebis Semowmeba, 

qimiuri nivTierebebis narCenebis raodenoba, 

produqciis Sedgenilobis kontroli, liTonminarevebi 

da sxv. 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebi guldasmiT 

unda iqnas Seswavlili, xolo yvela monacemi - dokumentirebuli. 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis raodenoba 

erTi da igive dasaxelebis produqciis warmoebisas 

SesaZlebelia gansxvavebuli iyos sxvadasxva 

sawarmosaTvis. es imiT aixsneba, rom SesaZlebelia 

am sawarmoebisaTvis gansxvavebuli iyos qarxnis dagegmareba, 

produqtis receptura, procesis mimdinareoba, 

mowyobilobebi, ingredientebi, sanitariuli 

da damxmare programebi. 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis identifikaciisaTvis 

SesaZlebelia gamoyenebuli iqnas gadawyvetilebaTa 

xe, anu diagrama, romelic aRwers 

logikur msjelobaTa Tanmimdevrobas; igi moicavs 

nedleulis damzadebas, gadamuSavebas, Senaxvas, realizacias 

da sxva procesebs, romlis mixedviTac 

samuSao jgufma unda miiRos Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebi. 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis Semcirebis 

mizniT, maT ar unda mivakuTvnoT wertilebi, razec 

sruldeba gamafrTxilebeli moqmedeba, romelic 

tardeba sistematurad, gegmiurad da reglamentirebulia 

sanitariuli wesebiTa da normebiT, aseve 

mowyobiloba-danadgarebis teqnikuri momsaxureba, 

xarisxis sistemebi, sawarmos marTvis sxva sistemebi. 

wertils, Tanmimdevrulad pasuxi unda gaeces Semdeg 

kiTxvebs: 

1. tardeba Tu ara gamafrTxilebeli qmedeba dadgenili 

safrTxeebis mimarT? 

- Tu gamafrTxilebeli qmedebebi xorcieldeba, 

maSin HACCP-is jgufi gadadis meore SekiTxvaze; 

- Tu gamafrTxilebeli qmedebebi ar xorcieldeba, 

maSin HACCP-is jgufma unda gansazRvros sa- 

Wiroa Tu ara am etapze kontrolis ganxorcieleba; 

- imisaTvis, rom am SemTxvevaSi miRebuli iqnas 

Sesabamisi gadawyvetileba, pasuxi unda gaeces me-3 

da me-4 kiTxvebs. Tu kontroli aucilebelia, maSin 

jgufma unda moamzados winadadebebi kontrolis 

ganxorcielebis meTodTan dakavSirebiT. 

Semdegi SefasebisaTvis miRweuli unda iqnas Se- 

Tanxmeba HACCP-is jgufis wevrebs Soris da masTan 

unda ganisazRvros am etapze makoreqtirebeli qmedebebi. 

2. aris Tu ara es etapi ganmsazRvreli safrTxis 

Tavidan acilebis an misi misaReb donemde SemcirebisaTvis? 

am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad samuSao jgufma 

unda gaiTvaliswinos sursaTis teqnikuri maxasiaTeblebi 

(A w, 

pH, konservantebis koncentracia da a.S.); 

am kiTxvebze pasuxebi saSualebas iZleva gamovlindes 

gadamuSavebis procesis is stadiebi, romelic 

konkretulad gansazRvrulia mikrobiologiuri 

uvneblobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis (magaliTad, 

pasterizacia, sterilizacia, xarSva) an meqanikuri 

minarevebis mocilebisaTvis (magaliTad, liTondeteqtorebis 

gamoyeneba an gacra); Tu jgufi CaTvlis, 

rom am kiTxvaze pasuxi dadebiTia, maSin zustad unda 

ganisazRvros maT Soris romelia kritikuli. 

Tu pasuxi uaryofiTia, jgufi gadadis me-3 

SekiTxvaze. 

3. SesaZlebelia Tu ara mocemul etapze safrTxe 

gamovlindes an daSvebul normaze meti iyos? 

am dros HACCP-is jgufma unda gamoiyenos teqnologiuri 

sqemis monacemebi da sawarmoo ciklis 

Seswavlis monacemebi, raTa ganisazRvros, aris Tu 

12

# 111 

biuleteni 

ara SesaZlebeli Sesaswavli safrTxe arsebobdes 

sawarmoo garemoSi (magaliTad, personali, danadgarebi, 

kedlebi, iataki, kanalizaciis sistema, nedleuli), 

saidanac uSualod binZurdeba sasursaTo 

produqcia. 

samuSao jgufma unda ganixilos am safrTxis 

zrdis SesaZleblobac, procesis sxvadasxva stadiebze 

dagrovebiT; am SemTxvevaSi sawarmoo procesis 

etapebis Tanmimdevroba unda ganixilebodes rogorc 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebi. 

samuSao jgufma aseve unda ganixilos: 

• mimdinareobs Tu ara sawarmoo procesi safrTxis 

Semcvel pirobebSi? 

• aqvs Tu ara sasursaTo produqtis SefuTvas 

mniSvneloba dabinZurebis Tavidan acilebisaTvis? 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara jvaredini dabinZureba 

sxva produqtebisagan an nedleulisagan? 

• SesaZlebelia Tu ara dabinZureba momsaxure 

personalidan? 

• xom ar aris mowyobiloba-danadgarebSi adgili, 

sadac SeiZleba dagrovdes produqti, ris gamoc 

matulobs safrTxis albaToba? 

• xom ar aris SesaZlebeli daufasoebeli produqciis 

Senaxvis pirobebi da temperatura zrdides 

dabinZurebis SesaZleblobas? 

• pasuxi unda iyos dadebiTi, im gamonaklisebis 

garda, rodesac mocemul etapze zustad ar aris 

gansazRvruli, rom safrTxe namdvilad arsebobs. 

Tu me-3 kiTxvaze pasuxi dadebiTia, pasuxi unda 

gaeces me-4 SekiTxvas. 

4. SesaZlebelia Tu ara warmoebis momdevno 

etap ze moxdes safrTxis misaReb donemde Semcireba an 

aRkveTa? 

Tu me-4 SekiTxvaze pasuxi dadebiTia, maSin 

HACCP-is jgufi ganixilavs blok-sqemis momdevno 

etapebs. 

me-3 da me-4 SekiTxvebi unda ganixilebodes er- 

Tdroulad. Tu me-4 SekiTxvaze pasuxi uaryofiTia, 

maSin es etapi ukve kritikulia da saWiro xdeba dadgindes, 

Tu romeli faqtoria kritikuli (magaliTad, 

ingredientebi, samuSaos reJimi, samuSao adgili, 

procedurebi). Tu me-4 SekiTxvaze pasuxi dadebiTia, 

maSin aRniSnuli etapi ar iTvleba kritikulad da 

jgufi gadadis Semdeg etapze. 

yvela stadiaze HACCP-is jgufma unda gansazRvros 

kargi sawarmoo praqtikidan gadaxris Sedegebi 

da daadginos, axdens Tu ara zegavlenas es 

gadaxrebi sursaTis uvneblobaze, Seafasos maTi albaToba. 

amasTanave, samuSao jgufma unda gansazRvros, 

ra emarTeba produqts Semdeg etapebze, raTa 

ganisazRvros aris Tu ara gadamuSavebis es stadia 

kritikuli. 

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac safrTxis analizis Sedegad 

dadgindeba, rom mocemul wertilSi safrTxis 

kontroli Znelad gansaxorcielebelia da safrTxe 

Semdeg etapebze mainc arsebobs, saWiro xdeba procesis 

an produqtis modificireba, modernizacia 

imgvarad, rom aRniSnuli safrTxe gamoiricxos. 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebi SeiZleba 

iyos nedleuli, samuSao adgili, meTodi, warmoebis 

procedura an stadia, magram is aucileblad unda 

iyos warmodgenili konkretuli Canaweris saxiT; magaliTad, 

àr arsebobs~, an àrsebobs~ 

- konkretuli damabinZurebeli nedleulSi; 

- dasufTavebis konkretuli operacia; 

- nedleulisa da mza produqciis gamijvna; 

- gamaciebeli garemos qlorireba konteinerebSi; 

- produqtebis pasterizacia; da a.S. 

nedleulisaTvis (uSualo ingredientebi, SesafuTi 

masala, wyali) kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis 

dadgenis mizniT HACCP-is jgufma pasuxi 

unda gasces Semdeg SekiTxvebs. 

1. SesaZlebelia Tu ara nedleuli Seicavdes Sesaswavl 

safrTxes daSvebulze meti odenobiT? 

am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad samuSao jgufma 

unda gaiTvaliswinos epidemiologiuri monacemebi, 

momwodeblis warsuli saqmianoba, SesafuTi masalis 

sertifikatebi, Tanmxlebi dokumentacia da sxv. 

informacia, romelic dakavSirebulia nedleulis 

uvneblobasTan. Tu samuSao jgufi darwmunebulia, 

rom pasuxi iqneba uaryofiTi, maSin nedleuli, rogorc 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertili ar unda iqnas 

ganxiluli. 

Tu samuSao jgufi ar aris darwmunebuli, 

maSin isini iReben dadebiT pasuxs da gadadian me-2 

SekiTxvaze. 

2. aRniSnul faqtors aRmofxvravs Tu ara gadamuSaveba, 

an momxmareblis mier moxmarebis win gadamu- 

Saveba? 

am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad samuSao jgufi 

TanmimdevrobiT ganixilavs sawarmoo process da 

adgens, romelime etapze xdeba Tu ara aRniSnuli safrTxis 

misaReb donemde Semcireba an aRmofxvra. Tu 

kiTxvaze pasuxi dadebiTia, maSin jgufi gadadis me-3 

SekiTxvaze. Tu pasuxi uaryofiTia, maSin nedleuli 

kritikulia. 

3. arsebobs Tu ara jvaredini dabinZurebis safr- 

Txeebi mowyobiloba-danadgarebisa da sxva produqtebisaTvis, 

romlebic SesaZloa ar kontroldebodes? 

Tu pasuxi dadebiTia, maSin nedleuli kritikuli 

sakontrolo wertilia, Tu pasuxi uaryofiTia, 

maSin nedleuli ar warmoadgens kritikul wertils, 

da eqspertebi ganixilaven sxva saxis nedleuls. 

HACCP-is sarekomendacio-samuSao forma - safrTxis 

analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebisaTvis 

mocemulia cxrilSi #2.2. teqnologiuri 

ciklis calkeul etapebze safrTxis analizisa da 

kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis dadgenisaTvis 

rekomendebulia `gadawyvetilebebis miRebis xis~ (naxazi 

2.5) gamoyeneba. 

13


cxrili #2.2 

safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis gegmis forma 

mwarmoeblis dasaxeleba: 

misamarTi 

produqtis aRwera 

Senaxvisa da distribuciis meTodi 

gamoyeneba da momxmarebeli 

( I) 

kritikuli 

sakontrolo 

wertili 

(2) 

safrTxe 

(3) 

kritikuli 

zRvari 

TiToeuli 

safrTxisaTvis 

(4) 

ra? 

(5) 

rogor? 

(6) 

sixSire 

(7) 

vin? 

m o n i t or i n g i (8) 

makoreqtirebeli 

qmedebebi 

(9) 

Canawerebi 

(10) 

gadamowmeba 

oficialuri pasuxismgebeli piris xelmowera 

TariRi 

8. kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis zRvrebis 

dadgena 

kritikuli zRvari warmoadgens sakontrolo 

wertilis im maqsimalur an minimalur mniSvnelobas, 

ris mixedviTac unda gakontroldes biologiuri, 

qimiuri da fizikuri safrTxeebi, raTa safrTxe aRmoifxvras, 

moxdes prevencia an maTi albaToba misaReb 

donemde Semcirdes. TiToeul sakontrolo 

wertils SesaZloa hqondes erTi an ramdenime kritikuli 

zRvari. es kriteriumebi SesaZloa iyos temperatura, 

drois xangrZlivoba, sinestis masuri wili, 

iqnas HACCP-is samuSao cxrilSi (cxrili #2.3). 

9. TiToeuli sakontrolo wertilisaTvis monitoringis 

sistemis SemuSaveba 

TiToeul kritikul sakontrolo wertilze 

monitoringis sistemis SemuSaveba saSualebas iZleva 

Semowmdes, eqvemdebareba Tu ara kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertili kontrols, keTdeba Tu ara Sesabamisi 

Canawerebi. idealur SemTxvevaSi monitoringi 

iZleva droul informacias imisaTvis, raTa dauyovnebliv 

ganxorcieldes sakontrolo parametrebis 

HACCP-is samuSao cxrili 

cxrili #2.3 

sasursaTo produqciis dasaxeleba 

teqnologiuri 

etapi 

safrTxe 

kritikuli 

sakontrolo 

wertilis 

nomeri 

sakontrolo 

parametri 

da misi 

zRvruli 

mniSvneloba 

monitoringis 

procedura 

sakontrolo 

RonisZieba 

saregistraciosaaRricxvo 

dokumenti 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 

pH, Aw, qloris arseboba, aseve organoleptikuri 

maCveneblebi - garegnuli forma, struqtura, suni, 

gemo da a.S. kritikuli zRvaris dadgenisas gasa- 

Tvaliswinebelia gazomvebis cdomileba. kritikuli 

zRvaris vizualuri dakvirvebisas rekomendebulia 

etalonur nimuSTan Sedareba. 

rekomendebulia, kritikuli zRvaris mniSvneloba 

teqnologiuri procesebis mixedviT Setanili 

zRvrul diapazonSi moqceva. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac 

monitoringi aCvenebs sakontrolo kritikul 

wertilze kontrolis dakargvis tendencias, SeZlebisdagvarad, 

unda ganxorcieldes procesis koreqtireba. 

monitoringis sistema unda Seicavdes Sesabamis 

procedurebs, instruqciebs, Canawerebs, romlebSic 

mocemuli iqneba: 

14

# 111 

biuleteni 

• monitoringis sakontrolo parametri; 

• monitoringis sakontrolo parametris zRvruli 

mniSvneloba; 

• drois adekvatur periodSi gazomvebisa da 

dakvirvebebis Sedegebi; 

• monitoringisaTvis gamoyenebuli xelsawyo; 

• xelsawyoebis dakalibrebis meTodebi; 

• monitoringis sixSire; 

• monitoringisa da monitoringis Sedegebis 

Sefasebis uflebamosili piri; 

• moTxovnebi Canawerebze da Canawerebis warmoebis 

meTodebi. 

koreqcia unda ganxorcieldes gadaxrebis warmoqmnamde. 

monitoringis procesSi miRebul monacemebs 

aanalizebs specialisti -uflebamosili piri, 

romelsac aqvs Sesabamisi codna da gamocdileba, aucileblobis 

SemTxvevaSi ganaxorcielos makoreqtirebeli 

qmedeba. Tu monitorings ara aqvs uwyveti 

xasiaTi, maSin misi perioduloba da masStabi sakmarisi 

unda iyos sakontrolo kritikuli wertilebis 

kontrolisaTvis. 

sarwmuno informaciis miRebis uzrunvelsayofad, 

gamoyenebuli meTodebi da gamzomi saSualebebi 

unda akmayofilebdnen Semdeg moTxovnebs: 

• dakalibreba an Semowmeba unda xdebodes dadgenili 

sixSiriT, an/da gamoyenebis win gada mowmdes 

gamzom-etalonTan, romelic Semowmebuli da Sedarebulia 

saerTaSoriso an erovnul etalonur xelsawyosTan; 

• unda xdebodes xelsawyos regularuli gadamowmeba; 

• xelsawyo, regulirebis Semdeg, daculi unda 

iqnes raime gareSe zemoqmedebisgan; 

• aucilebelia arsebobdes dakalibrebisa da 

damowmebis Canawerebi. 

yvela SemTxvevaSi monitoringis monacemebi registrirdeba 

Sesabamis JurnalSi, romelsac xels 

awers monitoringis ganmaxorcielebeli piri da aseve 

analizis Catarebaze pasuxismgebeli pirebi. 

10. makoreqtirebeli qmedebebis SemuSaveba 

HACCP-is sistema, rogorc wesi, iTvaliswinebs 

TiToeuli kritikuli sakontrolo wertilidan 

konkretuli gadaxris SemTxvevisaTvis winaswar 

dadgenili makoreqtirebeli RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebas 

da masze pasuxismgebel pirs. Tumca rig 

SemTxvevebSi, kritikuli zRvaridan gadacdenisas, 

Sesabamisi qmedebebi SesaZlebelia operatiulad 

ganxorcieldes. makoreqtirebeli qmedebebi fiqsirdeba 

dokumentalurad HACCP-is gegmaSi. igi iTvaliswinebs 

gamzomi xelsawyoebis Semowmebas, manqanadanadgarebis 

gamarTvas, Seusabamo produqciis izolacias, 

zog SemTxvevaSi utilizaciasa da sxv. 

mavnebeli sursaTis samomxmareblo bazarze 

moxvedris SemTxvevaSi unda Sedges maTi amoRebisa 

da ukan gamoTxovis dokumentaluri procedurebi. 

dagegmili makoreqtirebeli qmedebebi unda aisaxos 

cxrilSi #2.2. 

11. gadamowmebis procedurebi anu verifikacia 

gadamowmebis procedurebi anu verifikacia saqmianobaa, 

romlis drosac fasdeba ramdenad efeqturad 

da gegmasTan SesabamisobaSi funqcionirebs 

HACCP-is sistema. es SeiZleba iyos Sida auditi, 

HACCP-is sistemis analizi da registrirebuli monacemebi, 

gadaxrebis analizi, utilizaciis SemTxvevebi 

da sxv. rekomendebulia verifikaciis ganxorcieleba 

weliwadSi erTxel mainc, axali, gauTvaliswinebeli 

safrTxeebisa da riskis faqtorebis 

gamovlenisas ki aragegmiurad. gadamowmebis procedurebi 

unda moicavdes: 

‣ warmoebuli sasursaTo produqciis uvneblobasTan 

dakavSirebul pretenziebs, saCivrebs, winadadebebs, 

Setyobinebebs; 

‣ HACCP-is dokumentebis Sedarebas, faqtiurad 

Sesrulebul procedurebTan; 

‣ gamafrTxilebeli qmedebebis ganxorcielebis 

Sesrulebas; 

‣ kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis monitoringis 

Sedegebsa da Catarebuli makoreqtirebeli 

cxrili #2.4 

saregistracio-saaRricxvo dokumentebis CamonaTvali 

nomeri (kodi) 

dokumentis pasuxismgebeli Senaxvis 

dasaxeleba 

piri 

adgili 

Senaxvis vada 

1 2 3 4 5 

rogorc wesi, monitoringis procedurebi sa- 

Wiroebs siswrafes, ramdenadac es operatiul procesebs 

exeba da am SemTxvevaSi naklebi dro rCeba 

xangZlivi analizebis CatarebisaTvis. 

qmedebebis analizs; 

‣ HACCP-is sistemis efeqturobis Sefasebas 

da misi gaumjobesebisaTvis SemuSavebul rekomendaciebs; 

‣ dokumentebis aqtualizacias; 

15


naxazi 2.5 

“gadawyvetilebebis miRebis xe” kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis dadgenisaTvis 

teqnologiuri procesis safexuris (etapis) analizi 

diax 

gaTvaliswinebulia Tu ara am etapis 

ara 

mimdinareobisas X safrTxis analizi? 

ara 

aucilebelia Tu ara am etapze safrTxis 

diax 

diax 

am etapze tardeba Tu ara raime qmedeba X safrTxis 

ara 

kontroli? 

Semcirebis an aRmofxvrisaTvis? 

saWiroa procesis, produqciis an 

diax 

SesaZloa Tu ara X safrTxiT gamowveuli riskebi 

ara 

kontrolis sistemis modernizacia 

am etapze aRematebodes daSvebul 

zRvars? 

ar arsebobs kritikuli sakontrolo 

wertili. gadadiT Semdegi etapis 

analizze 

diax 

ara 

SesaZlebelia Tu ara Semdgom etapebze X safrTxis 

Semcireba an aRmofxvra 

CarTeT kritikul sakontrolo 

wertilebSi, gadadiT Semdegi etapis 

analizze 

safrTxis analizis samuSao cxrili 

cxrili #2.5 

kompaniis dasaxeleba: 

misamarTi: 

produqciis aRwera 

Senaxvisa da distribuciis meTodi: 

gamoyeneba da momxmarebeli^ 

warmoebis 

etapi 

am etapze 

gansazRvruli 

safrTxeebi 

aris Tu ara es 

safrTxe 

mniSvnelovani 

daasabuTeT 

Tqvens 

mier miRebuli 

gadawyvetileba 

ra aRmkveTi 

zomebi unda 

iqnas 

miRebuli 

safrTxis 

Tavidan 

asacileblad 

aris Tu ara 

es etapi 

kritikuli 

sakontrolo 

wertili 

diax/ara 

biologiuri 

qimiuri 

fizikuri 

biologiuri 

qimiuri 

fizikuri 

16

# 111 

biuleteni 

gadamowmebis programas SeimuSavebs HACCP-is 

jgufi, xolo gadamowmebis angariSs amtkicebs sawarmos 

xelmZRvaneli. 

12. dokumentebisa da Canawerebis warmoeba 

HACCP-is sistemis danergvisa da efeqturi 

funqcionirebisaTvis uaRresad didi mniSvneloba 

aqvs procedurebis Sesabamisi dokumentebisa da Canawerebis 

arsebobas, romlis gareSec sistemis ganxorcieleba 

SeuZlebelia. es dokumentebi sxvadasxva 

saxisaa da maTi ricxovneba damokidebulia teqnologiuri 

operaciebis masStabebze. es dokumentebia: 

• gamoSvebuli produqciis uvneblobis politika; 

• brZaneba HACCP-is jgufis Seqmnis Sesaxeb; 

• informacia produqciis Sesaxeb; 

• informacia warmoebis Sesaxeb; 

• HACCP-is jgufis dasabuTebuli angariSi kritikuli 

sakontrolo wertilebis dadgenisa da 

gansazRvris Sesaxeb; 

• HACCP-is samuSao furclebi; 

• monitoringis procedurebi; 

• makoreqtirebeli qmedebebis procedurebi; 

• HACCP-is sistemis gadamowmeba; 

• nedleulis sertifikatebi; 

• TanamSromelTa swavlebis dokumentebi; 

• saregistracio-saaRricxvo dokumentaciis CamonaTvali 

(cxrili #2.4), sadac mocemuli iqneba: 

monitoringis monacemebi; 

gadaxrebi da makoreqtirebeli qmedebebi; 

sursaTis uvneblobasTan dakavSirebuli reklamaciebi, 

prezentaciebi, saCivrebi; 

Sida Semowmebis angariSebi. 

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilia 

`sursaTis warmoebis sferoSi mikvlevadobis, safr- 

Txis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis 

dadgenis wesi~, romelic Seesabameba evropis 

parlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2004 wlis 29 

aprilis #852/2004 maregulirebel wesebs `sakvebi 

produqtebis higienis Sesaxeb“, aseve Codex alimentarius-is 

`sursaTis higienis zogad wesebs~ da ISO 22 000 

standarts (Food safety management systems - reguirments 

for any organization in the food chain). 

Tavi 3. mikvlevadoba 

3.1 zogadi debulebebi 

cnobilia, rom sursaTis warmoeba da moxmareba 

organizaciaTa farTo diapazons warmoadgens, romelic 

moicavs sakvebis mwarmoeblebs, nedleulis 

mwarmoeblebs, damamzadeblebs, satransporto sawarmoebs, 

sawyobebs, sacalo da sabiTumo savaWro 

qselebs, sazogadoebrivi kvebis obieqtebs, aseve organizaciebs, 

romlebic teqnologiur danadgarebs, 

SesafuT masalas, sadezinfeqcio saSualebebs, sakvebdanamatebs, 

ingredientebs awarmoeben. amitomac, 

sursaTis uvneblobis uzrunvelsayofad, saWiro 

RonisZiebaTa dagegmvisa da realizaciis erT-erTi 

aucilebeli qmedeba am organizaciebs Soris informaciebis 

interaqtiuli gacvlaa, rac sasursaTo 

warmoebis mTlian jaWvSi identifikaciisa da kontrolis 

saSualebas iZleva. evropis parlamentisa 

da sabWos regulacias (EC) #178/2002 (2002 wlis 28 

ianvari), romelic Seexeba sursaTis Sesaxeb kanonis 

zogad safuZvlebsa da moTxovnebs, “sursaTis uvneblobis 

sakiTxSi evropis uzenaesi organos Seqmnas da 

procedurebs sursaTis uvneblobis sakiTxebis garSemo~, 

am sakiTxebis srulyofilad realizaciis mizniT 

Semoaqvs mikvlevadobis cneba (muxli 18). 

mikvlevadobis Tanamedrove koncefcias XX saukunis 

meore naxevarSi Caeyara safuZveli. Tumca, mas 

Semdeg, rac adamianebma vaWroba da produqciis gacvla 

daiwyes, gaCnda survili da aucilebloba, moepovebinaT 

informacia maT mier SeZenili produqciis 

warmomavlobis Sesaxeb. xSir SemTxvevaSi, mopovebuli 

informacia gamoiyeneboda produqciis Rirebulebis 

gazrdis an SemcirebisaTvis. 

mikvlevadoba Tanamedrove, sistemuri midgomaa 

sursaTis uvneblobis sferoSi, romelic aucilebel 

sakanonmdeblo da reglamentirebul moTxovnebs emyareba. 

warmoebis globalizaciam, miwodebis, sawarmoo 

da mimoqcevis procesebis srulyofam, romlebic 

moqmedeben principiT „just in time“ (zustad dadgenil 

droSi), aucilebeli gaxada am sistemis danergva. 

igi xels uwyobs higienuri programebisa da sawarmoo 

kontrolis gegmebis safuZvelze sursaTis 

uvneblobis avtonomiuri marTvis sistemis Seqmnas, 

mza produqciis amorCeviTi kontrolis Canacvlebas 

gamafrTxilebeli kontroliT, rac sabolood 

sawarmoTa konkurentunarianobis amaRlebas, momxmarebelTa 

uvnebeli da xarisxiani sursaTiT uzrunvelyofas 

ganapirobebs. 

`sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos kanoni gansazRvravs ra mikvlevadobas, 

rogorc sursaTis, cxovelis sakvebis, maTSi gamosayeneblad 

gankuTvnili nebismieri nivTierebis an sursaTis 

sawarmoeblad gankuTvnili cxovelis Sesaxeb 

monacemebisa da informaciis dadgenis SesaZleblobas, 

warmoebis, gadamuSavebisa da distribuciis yovel 

etapze, adgens masTan dakavSirebul moTxovnebs. 

kerZod: sursaTis, cxovelis sakvebis, sursaTis 

sawarmoeblad gankuTvnili cxovelis an sursaTis 

SemadgenlobaSi arsebuli an, savaraudod, arsebuli 

nebismieri mavne nivTierebis mikvlevadobam unda 

uzrunvelyos warmoebis, gadamuSavebisa da distribuciis 

TiToeul etapze; garda amisa, mwarmoebeli/distributori 

valdebulia flobdes informacias 

nebismier pirze, romelmac mas miawoda sursa- 

Ti, cxovelis sakvebi an/da sursaTis sawarmoeblad 

gankuTvnili cxoveli; amasTanave, mwarmoebeli/distributori 

valdebulia danergos iseTi sawarmoo 

procedurebi, awarmoos sursaTi an sakvebi partie- 

17


bad da gamoiyenos saTanado sistemebi im pirTa da 

savaWro qselis dasadgenad, visac miawoda warmoebuli 

sursaTi an cxovelis sakvebi. kanonis Tanaxmad, 

mikvlevadobis uzrunvelsayofad bazarze ganTavsebuli 

sursaTi an cxovelis sakvebi etiketirebuli 

unda iyos dadgenili wesiT, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos 

misi identificireba; (kanonis Sesabamisi muxlebis 

moqmedeba SeCerebulia 2010 wlis 1 ianvramde maRali 

riskis sawarmoebisaTvis, 2011 wlis 1 ianvramde 

yvela saxis sursaTis gadamamuSavebeli sawarmoebisaTvis 

da 2012 wlis 1 ianvramde cxovelTa sakvebis 

gadamamuSavebeli sawarmoebisaTvis). 

kanonis moTxovnebi SesabamisobaSia rogorc evropis 

parlamentisa da sabWos regulaciasTan (EC 

#178/2002), ise standartizaciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis 

mier SemuSavebul ISO 22005:2007 standartTan 

- `mikvlevadoba sursaTisa da cxovelis 

sakvebisaTvis. sistemis dagegmvis zogadi gamoyenebis 

principebi~, rac sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis 

uzrunvelyofis problemis erTian gadawyvetas 

moicavs rogorc sursaTis/cxovelis sawarmoebisaTvis, 

ise sacalo vaWrobisTvisac. aRniSnuli standartis 

gamoyeneba mwarmoebels saSualebas aZlevs: 

• ganaxorcielos sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis, 

maTi Semadgeneli komponentebis, ingredientebis 

da SesafuTi masalis moZraoba-gadaadgilebaze 

dakvirveba; 

• moaxdinos aucilebeli, saWiro dokumentaciis 

identificireba da mis safuZvelze ganaxorcielos 

warmoebis TiToeuli etapis Sida kontroli 

da Sida auditi; 

• uzrunvelyos sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis warmoebis 

procesSi monawile mxareTa adekvaturi, 

Sesabamisi koordinacia; 

• moTxovos sawarmoo procesSi monawile yvela 

mxares hqondes informacia maTi momwodeblisa 

da klientebis Sesaxeb. 

amdenad, mikvlevadoba aris saSualeba, ganisazRvros 

sasursaTo produqtisa da cxovelis sakvebis 

winaistoria registrirebuli identifikatoris 

saSualebiT. 

mikvlevadobis efeqturi sistemis danergva 

sursaTis mwarmoebel sawarmoebSi pasuxobs kiTxvebze 

`ra?~ (`romeli?~) sasursaTo produqti an cxovelis 

sakvebi `sad?~ mdebareobs drois garkveul 

etapze, `saidan?~ warmoiSoba igi da gaeces pasuxi 

kiTxvas `vin?~. amas emateba isic, rom mikvlevadobisaTvis 

savaldebuloa sxvadasxva dokumentebis warmoeba, 

sadac aisaxeba aRniSnul kiTxvebze pasuxi. pasuxebis 

sisworeze ki pasuxs agebs mwarmoebeli, romelic 

evropis parlamentisa da sabWos regulacias 

EC #178/2002-is Tanaxmad valdebulia: 

• moaxdinos nebismieri piris identificireba, 

romelic mas awvdis sasursaTo nedleuls, ingredientebs 

da nebismier nivTierebas, romelsac 

igi gamoiyenebs sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis 

warmoebisaTvis; 

• flobdes yvela saxis procedurebisa da sistemebis 

Sesaxeb dokumentirebul informacias, 

romelsac makontrolebel organos warudgens 

moTxovnisTanave; 

• daadginos da flobdes werilobiT informacias, 

yvela im sawarmo-obieqtis Sesaxeb, sadac 

maT mier warmoebuli produqcia miewodeba; es 

informaciac xelmisawvdomi unda iyos makontrolebeli 

organosaTvis; 

• mwarmoebeli unda iZleodes garantias, rom sasursaTo 

produqtis identificireba saSualebas 

iZleva dadgindes misi warmoSoba; 

• mwarmoebelma unda SeZlos nebismier dros, 

aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, moaxdinos mis mier 

warmoebuli sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis amoReba 

sarealizacio qselidan; 

• Seinaxos informacia mis mier warmoebuli 

produqciis Sesaxeb misi Senaxvis vadis xangr- 

Zlivobis Sesabamisad; 

• ar miiRos sasursaTo nedleuli, damxmare masala, 

ingredientebi, romlebic saTanadodo ar 

aris identificirebuli. 

produqciis identificireba es aris procedura, 

romelic uzrunvelyofs sursaTis/cxovelis 

sakvebis warmoebis yvela etapze - nedleulis warmoeba, 

mimoqceva sawarmoo jaWvSi, utilizacia, ganawileba 

sarealizacio qselSi, ganadgureba - amocnobas 

gansxvavebuli damaxasiaTebeli niSnebiT. produqciis 

identifikacia warmoebs teqnikuri dokumentaciis 

Sesabamisi birkebis, damRis, etiketis saSualebiT, 

sadac miTiTebulia misi unikaluri nomeri 

an nakeTobis tipi, misi gamoSvebis TariRi, partiis 

nomeri da sxva aucilebeli monacemebi. 

RonisZiebaTa erTobliobas, romelic saSualebas 

iZleva sursaTis erTi an erTdroulad ramdenime 

maCvenebliT-kriteriumiT (magaliTad, partiis nomeri, 

vargisobis vada da a.S. ganxorcieldes gadaadgilebisa 

da adgilmdebareobis mikvleva `treqingi~ 

(tracking - dakvirveba, Tvalyuris devneba) ewodeba. 

`treqingi~ sawarmoo praqtikaSi ZiriTadad sursa- 

Tis ukan gamosaTxovad gamoiyeneba. igi saSualebas 

iZleva saZiebo sasursaTo produqtis an partiis 

mikvleva ganxorcieldes miwodebis jaWvSi `zemodan 

qvemoT~. igi ZiriTadad gamoiyeneba mza sasursaTo 

produqtis sawarmodan realizaciis punqtebamde 

mikvlevisaTvis. 

warmoSobis mikvleva anu `treisingi~ (tracing - 

kvaldakval miyola) saSualebas iZleva ramdenime 

saZiebo kriteriumiT dadgindes sasursaTo produqciis 

warmoebis adgili da sawarmoo-teqnologiuri 

ciklis calkeul etapze ganisazRvros misi maxasia- 

Teblebi. magaliTad, partiis nomris mixedviT SesaZlebelia 

dadgindes misi warmoebisaTvis gamoyenebuli 

nedleuli da ganisazRvros am nedleulis warmomavloba. 

`treisingi~ ZiriTadad gamoiyeneba sur- 

18

# 111 

biuleteni 

monacemebis, informaciis, Canawerebis, dokumentebis mimoqceva 

naxazi 3.1 

w a r m o e b a 

nedleulis 

mimwodebeli 

nedleul 

ismiRebis 

procesi 

gadamuSa 

vebis 

procesi 

mza 

produq 

cia 

CatvirTva 

momxmareb 

eli 

saTis/cxovelis sakvebis xarisxsa da uvneblobasTan 

dakavSirebuli calkeuli problemebis identifikaciisaTvis 

`qvemodan zemoT~, miwodebis mTlian jaWv- 

Si TiToeuli wina etapis Canaweris gamoyenebiT. 

imisaTvis, rom sursaTis mwarmoebel/gadamamu- 

Savebel sawarmoSi dainergos mikvlevadobis sistema, 

saWiroa: 

• teqnologiuri sawarmoo procesebis kargad 

gageba da aRwera; 

• procesebis Sesabamisi dokumentireba (instruqciebi, 

standartebi da a.S); 

• teqnologiuri sawarmoo procesebis da calkeuli 

procesis Sedegebis gansazRvra; 

• saboloo sasursaTo produqciis zogadi mimoxilva; 

• teqnologiuri procesis calkeuli etapisa- 

Tvis saWiro informaciis gansazRvra; 

• arsebuli monacemebis srulyofilebis gansazRvra; 

• ararsebuli informaciis mopoveba. 

uvnebeli da xarisxiani sursaTis warmoebisaTvis 

mewarmem unda SemoiRos Sesabamisi sistemebi da 

procedurebi, aucilebelia, gaaCndes dokumentirebuli 

informacia: 

• nedleulis mimwodeblis Sesaxeb; 

• nedleulis miRebis Sesaxeb; 

• teqnologiuri procesebis Sesaxeb; 

• mza produqciis Sesaxeb; 

• CatvirTva, transportireba-ganawilebis, distribucia-realizaciis 

Sesaxeb. 

naxazze 3.1 mocemulia monacemebis, informaciis, 

Canawerebis, dokumentebis mimoqceva `mindvridan 

magidamde.~ 

evropuli kanonmdeblobis analogiurad, saqarTveloSic 

mikvlevadobis sistemis danergvis 

erT-erTi aucilebeli pirobaa sursaTis gadamamu- 

Savebel/mwarmoebel sawarmoTa registracia da maTi 

reestris Seqmna. registracia saxelmwifos aZlevs 

saSualebas hqondes sruli informacia qveyanaSi ma- 

Rali riskis kategoriaSi Semavali sursaTis mwarmoeblebis 

da warmoebis zogadi pirobebis Sesaxeb, 

amave dros registraciis gziT mwarmoebeli xdeba 

pasuxismgebeli mis mier warmoebuli sursaTis uvneblobaze 

da xarisxze, valdebulebas iRebs daicvas 

maRali riskis sursaTis warmoebisas aucileblad 

dasakmayofilebeli wesebi. 

aRniSnuli gansazRvruli iyo saqarTvelos mTavrobis 

2006 wlis 30 ivnisis #130 dadgenilebis mixedviT, 

sadac mocemuli iyo sursaTis mwarmoebel 

sawarmod registraciis wesi, SemuSavda aseve sursaTis 

mwarmoebel sawarmoTa deklaraciis forma, 

saregistracio baraTis forma. Tumca saqarTvelos 

mTavrobis 2006 wlis 18 oqtombris #194 dadgenilebis 

Tanaxmad, savaldebulo registracias 2007 wlis 

pirvel ianvramde eqvemdebareba mxolod cxoveluri 

warmoSobis sursaTis, dabali mJavianobis dakonservebuli 

sursaTis, bavSvTa da Cvil bavSvTa sakvebis 

mwarmoebeli sawarmoebi. 

3.2 nedleulisa SerCevis, Sefasebis da damtkicebis 

procedurebi 

nebismieri sasursaTo produqciis mwarmoebeli/gadamamuSavebeli 

sawarmosaTvis mikvlevadobis 

sistemis danergvisaTvis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani 

pirobaa nedleulis SerCevis, Sefasebis da damtkicebis 

procedura. amisTvis ki aucilebelia sawarmos 

gaaCndes momwodeblebis sia, romelTa Sefasebis 

kriteriumebi SesaZlebelia iyos kompaniis sandooba, 

warsuli saqmianoba, nedleulis saWiro raodenobiT 

uzrunvelyofa, sertifikatebi da sxv. 

nedleulSi igulisxmeba rogorc uSualod sasursaTo 

produqciis warmoebisaTvis saWiro nedleuli, 

ingredientebi da sakvebdanamatebi, aseve 

SesafuTi masala da yvela is damxmare saSualebebi, 

romlebmac SesaZlebelia pirdapiri da arapirdapiri 

gavlena moaxdinon warmoebuli sasursaTo produqciis 

uvneblobaze. aucilebelia yvela am dokumentis 

arseboba iseTi saxiT, rom saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi 

SesaZlebeli iqnes maTgan gamowveuli safrTxis 

daxasiaTeba da identificireba. maT Soris: 

• nedleulis biologiuri, qimiuri da fizikuri 

maxasiaTeblebi; 

19


• ingredientebi, danamatebi da is nivTierebebi, 

romlebic aumjobeseben maT teqnologiur Tvisebebs; 

• warmoSoba; 

• warmoebis meTodi; 

• Senaxvis pirobebi da vadebi; 

• damuSavebis meTodebi an/da gamoyenebis win maTi 

momzadeba; 

• miRebis kriteriumebi. 

nedleuli unda iyos uvnebeli da xarisxiani, 

rac dadasturebulia Sesabamisi sertifikatebiT. 

mizanSewonilia nedleulis uvnebloba da 

xarisxi periodulad gadamowmdes sawarmos laboratoriaSi 

(an sxva akreditebul laboratoriaSi), Sida 

kontrolis (auditis) Catarebisas. daSvebulia nedleulis 

Semowmeba rogorc fizikuri daTvalierebisas 

- organoleptikurad, ise Sesabamisi fizikur-qimiuri, 

qimiuri da mikrobiologiuri gamokvlevebis CatarebiT. 

analizis Sedegebi registrirebuli unda 

iyos Sesabamis JurnalSi, romelic unda Seicavdes 

Semdegi saxis informacias: nedleulis dasaxeleba, 

partiis nomeri, saidentifikacio nomeri, momwodeblis 

Sesaxeb informacia, gamokvleuli parametrebi 

(norma, Sedegi), gamocdis meTodi, gamocdis xangrZlivoba 

(dawyeba, damTavreba), Semsrulebeli, pasuxismgebeli 

piri. 

sawarmoSi nedleulis momwodebelTa sia unda 

iyos damtkicebuli da Sesabamisad dokumentirebuli. 

SesaZlebelia sia regularulad eqvemdebarebodes 

ganaxlebas. dokumentirebuli procedurebis 

arseboba agreTve aucilebelia nedleulis gafuWebis 

Tavidan acilebis, maTi brunvadobis da uwyvetad 

momaragebis SenarCunebisaTvis. 

nedleulis momwodebelTa damtkicebuli sia 

unda inaxebodes drois garkveul periodSi (savaraudod, 

sasursaTo produqciis Senaxvis vadis gasvlidan 

erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi), raTa SesaZlebeli 

iyos maTi Sefasebis gagrZeleba. 

3.3 nedleulis miRebis procedura 

sursaTis sawarmoo jaWvSi nedleulis miRebis 

procedurebi erT-erTi mniSvnelovani etapia, 

Sesabamisad, mikvlevadobis programac moiTxovs mis 

dokumentirebas. aRniSnuli dokumenti unda Seicavdes 

Semdegi saxis informacias: 

• momwodebeli firmis dasaxeleba; 

• miRebis TariRi; 

• firmis misamarTi; 

• ZiriTadi sakontaqto piri; 

• telefoni, faqsi, el-fosta; 

• miRebuli nedleulis dasaxeleba; 

• partiis nomeri; 

• raodenoba; 

• SefuTvis zoma; 

• identifikatori; 

• nedleulis mimRebi piri; 

• nedleulis dasawyobeba. 

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 

2006 wlis 7 agvistos #144 brZanebiT, `sursaTis 

warmoebis sferoSi mikvlevadobis, safrTxis analizisa 

da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis dadgenis 

wesis Sesaxeb~ dadgenilia, rom cxoveluri warmoSobis 

produqtebis mwarmoeblebs nedleulis Sesaxeb 

moeTxovebaT Semdegi saxis informaciis arseboba: 

• cxovelis sakvebis, misi maxasiaTeblebisa da 

warmoSobis Sesaxeb; 

• vetpreparatebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac iRebdnen 

cxovelebi maTi gamoyenebis xangrZlivoba, dozebi 

da raodenoba. 

• zooanTroponozuli daavadebebi; 

• cxovelebze ganxorcielebuli nebismieri Semowmebis 

Sedegebi. 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqtebis mwarmoeblebs 

nedleulis Sesaxeb moeTxovebaT informacia: 

• mcenareTa dacvis qimiuri da biologiuri saSualebebis 

gamoyenebis (dro, doza, dasaxeleba, 

xangrZlivoba) Sesaxeb; 

• mcenareTa parazituli daavadebebis Sesaxeb; 

• mcenaridan aRebuli nebismieri nimuSis Sesaxeb. 

garda amisa, mwarmoebels moeTxoveba aseve nedleulis 

gadamzidi kompaniis Sesaxeb informaciis 

dokumentireba, rac unda moicavdes informacias: 

• TariRi, dro; 

• satransporto firmis dasaxeleba; 




• satransporto identifikatori (satransporto 

saSualebis nomeri, licenziis nomeri). 

3.4 teqnologiuri procesis mimdinareoba 

mikvlevadobis programis yvelaze rTuli da 

mniSvnelovani etapia sasursaTo produqciis warmoebis 

jaWvSi teqnologiuri procesis mimdinareoba, 

romlis dasrulebisas sasursaTo nedleuli mza sasursaTo 

produqtad gardaiqmneba. 

sawarmo, romelic nergavs mikvlevadobis programas, 

valdebulia sawarmoo procesis dawyebamde 

Camoyalibebuli da werilobiT dokumentirebuli 

hqondes teqnologiuri procesebis Tanmimdevroba 

da xangrZlivoba, calkeul etapze gamoyenebuli nedleulisa 

da ingredientebis CvenebiT, sadac dokumentirebuli 

iqneba: 

• TariRi; 

• operatoris xelmowera; 

20

# 111 

biuleteni 

• nedleulis an ingredientis dasaxeleba; 

• nedleulis an ingredientis saidentifikacio 

nomeri. 

aRniSnuli dokumenti saSualebas iZleva dadgindes 

sasursaTo produqciis warmoebisaTvis saWiro 

nedleulis da ingredientebis saxeoba da ara raodenoba, 

vinaidan es teqnologiuri saidumloebaa, Tumca 

am informaciis dokumentirebac rekomendebulia, 

ramdenadac arareglamentirebulma raodenobam SesaZloa 

gazardos safrTxis albaToba. 

informacia gansxvavebulia sxvadasxva sawarmosaTvis 

da damokidebulia gamoyenebuli nedleulisa 

da mza sasursaTo produqtis saxeobaze, aseve drois 

im periodze, romelic saWiroa nedleulis mza 

produqtad gardasaqmnelad, es niSnavs, rom sawarmoSi 

unda ganisazRvros `mza sasursaTo produqtis 

partiisaTvis~ yvelaze minimaluri samuSao 

dro. es monacemebi saSualebas iZleva uvneblobisa 

da xarisxTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri problemis 

SemTxvevaSi, dauyovnebliv moxdes mza sasursaTo 

produqciisa Tu naxevarfabrikatebis amoReba-izolireba. 

amasTanave, gansazRvros, ra informaciaa 

misTvis mniSvnelovani, raTa uzrunvelyofili iqnes 

mis mier warmoebuli sursaTis uvnebloba da xarisxi; 

aseve yvela damatebiTi procedura, maT Soris: 

• higienis zogadi wesebi; 

• teqnologiuri procesebis Semowmeba; 

• jvaredini dabinZurebis Tavidan acilebis saSualebebi; 

• sasursaTo produqciis warmoebisaTvis standartebi, 

damtkicebuli receptura; 

• nedleulis, ingredientebis da mza sasursaTo 

produqciis maxasiaTeblebi; 

• SefuTva; misi wonis da zomis kontroli; 

• mza sasursaTo produqciis uvneblobasa da 

xarisxze Catarebuli gamocdebis, testirebis 

Sedegebi. 

arasaTanado, Seusabamo sasursaTo produqciis 

izolirebisaTvis, sawarmoSi unda arsebobdes dokumentirebuli 

procedurebi, romelTa saSualebiT 

uzrunvelyofili iqneba maxasiaTeblebis dadgenis 

mizniT maTi Semowmeba da saTanadod ganTavseba. 

teqnologiuri ciklis mniSvnelovani etapia 

aseve mza produqciis SefuTva. am dros dokumentirebuli 

unda iyos SefuTuli erTeulis zusti raodenoba, 

aseve naTlad unda iyos dadgenili, romel SefuTvaSi 

romeli partiis nawarmi moxvda. sabolood 

sawarmoSi aRwerili unda iqnes: 

• mza produqciis dasaxeleba; 


• gamoyenebuli SesafuTi masalis mimwodebeli; 

mikvlevadobis programis gansaxorcieleblad, 

sawarmom unda moaxdinos CatvirTvis Sesaxeb informaciis 

dokumentireba, sadac mocemuli iqneba: 

• TariRi, dro; 

• satransporto firmis dasaxeleba; 




• gadaziduli sasursaTo produqciis dasaxeleba; 


• raodenoba; 

• SefuTuli erTeulis moculoba; 

• identifikatori; 

• satransporto identifikatori (satransporto 

saSualebis nomeri, licenziis nomeri). 

yvela es Canaweri unda Sesruldes ise, rom 

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlo gaxdes safrTxis 

daxasiaTeba da identificireba. 

yvela saxis dokumenturi masala da Canaweri, 

romelic mikvlevadobis programis ganxorcielebas 

uzrunvelyofs, unda iyos: 

• namdvili; 

• advilad gasarCevi da wasakiTxi; 

• waruSleli; 

• calkeuli nedleulis, ingredientis da damxmare 

masalisaTvis Seqmnili; 

• Sedarebuli; 

• Semowmebuli; 

• saTanado garemoSi Senaxuli, raTa minimumamde 

iqnes dayvanili dazianeba da dakargva; 

• advilad aRsadgeni. 

garda amisa, aucilebelia dokumentebis dacvis 

programis arseboba, romelic moicavs: 

• vadagasuli monacemebis daarqivebas; 

• uflebamosil pirTa mier dokumentebis Semowmebasa 

da damtkicebas; 

• dokumentebSi cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb uflebamosilebas. 

mikvlevadobis programis danergva sawarmoSi 

garda aRniSnuli sabaziso elementebis dokumentirebisa, 

moiTxovs aseve sasursaTo produqciis 

xarisxisa da uvneblobis Sesaxeb momxmarebelTa sa- 

Civrebis ganxilvas, rac aseve unda daregulirdes 

damtkicebuli procedurebis Sesabamisad. saCivrebi 

eqvemdebareba Semowmeba-gadamowmebas, aseve Sesabamis 

gamosasworebel-makoreqtirebeli RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebas. 

Tavi 4. riskis analizi 

sursaTis uvneblobis sferoSi erTiani saxelmwifo 

politikis SemuSavebas, mis ganxorcielebasa 

da koordinacias safuZvlad udevs ZiriTadi principi 

- riskis 1 analizi, romelic moicavs srul sa- 

1 sityva `riski~ espanur-portugaliuri warmoSobisaa da `wyalqveSa 

rifebTan~ asocirdeba. 

21


sursaTo jaWvs `fermidan suframde.~ 

riski, 178/2002 evrodireqtivisa da `sursaTis 

uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 

Tanaxmad, aris momxmareblis janmrTelobaze 

safrTxiT gamowveuli arasasurveli zegavlenis da 

misi simZimis albaToba. 

sursaTTan dakavSirebuli riskebi moicavs qimiur, 

biologiur da fizikur safrTxeebs (Tavi 1), 

romelTa sxvadasxva gziT moxvedra sasursaTo produqtSi 

zians ayenebs adamianis janmrTelobasa da 

sicocxles. amrigad, safrTxe - es aris qimiuri, 

biologiuri da fizikuri agentebis an maTi erTdrouli 

moqmedebis unari, ziani miayenon adamianis 

organizms; xolo riski, safrTxeebisagan gansxvavebiT, 

aris maTi faqtiuri da potenciuri zemoqmedebis 

Sedegi da damokidebulia safrTxis eqspoziciasa 

da specifikurobaze. 

riskis analizi moicavs riskis Sefasebis, riskis mar- 

Tvisa da riskis komunikaciis procedurebs (naxazi 4.1). 

• riskis SefasebisaTvis aucilebeli damatebiTi 

samecniero kvlevebis saWiroebis gansazRvra; 

• arsebuli samecniero da teqnikuri monacemebis 

mokvleva, Segroveba, aRricxva da analizi; 

• axali safrTxeebis identificireba da aRwera; 

• krizisuli mdgomareobisas sagangebo zomebis 

gatarebisas mecnieruli da saeqsperto daxmareba. 

riskis analizis procedurebi 

naxazi 4.1 

riskis analizi 

riskis Sefaseba riskis marTva riskis komunikacia 

safrTxis 

identifikacia 

safrTxis 

daxasiaTeba-aRwera 

safrTxis gamovlenis 

Sefaseba 

riskis daxasiaTeba 

`riskis analizis farglebSi riskis Sefasebisa 

da komunikaciebis procedurebis~ normatiuli 

dokumentis Tanaxmad, sursaTis uvneblobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis 

riskis analizis procesSi SesaZlebelia 

gamoyenebuli iqnes sxva damatebiTi RonisZiebebic, 

maT Soris: 

amave dokumentis Tanaxmad, riskis analizi unda 

warimarTos riskis SefasebasTan dakavSirebuli principebis 

Sesabamisad, ganaxlebuli mecnieruli monacemebis, 

saerTaSoriso praqtikisa da gamocdilebis, 

aseve sxva faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT; garda amisa, 

adamianisa da cxovelTa janmrTelobisaTvis riskis 

arsebobisas, rodesac arasakmarisi da arasrulia 

mecnieruli monacemebi, riskis analizisaTvis saWiroa 

e.w. `praqtikaSi arsebuli monacemebis~ saTanado 

da xelT arsebuli mecnierul mtkicebulebaTa 

gonivruli gamoyeneba. 

`sursaTis uvneblobis riskis analizis samuSao 

principebi~ mocemulia Codex Alimentarius CAC/GL62-2007 

saxelmZRvaneloSi (Working Principles for Risk Analysis for 

Food Safety for Application by Goverments - CAC/GL 62-2007). 

22

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biuleteni 

mikrobiologiuri riskebis marTvis (MRM) 

principebi mocemulia Codex Alimentarius CAC/GL63- 

2007 saxelmZRvaneloSi (Principles and Guidelines for The 

Conduct of Microbiological Risk Managment - CAC/GL63- 

2007); aRniSnul sakiTxebs exeba aseve Codex Alimentarius 

CAC/GL 69-2008 saxelmZRvanelo (Proposed draft 

Guidelines for The validation of Food safety control Measures). 

4.1 mavnebeli sursaTis moxmarebasTan dakavSirebuli 

riskis Sefasebis zogadi principebi 

dReisaTvis msoflios yvela qveyanaSi sxvadasxva 

saerTaSoriso organzaciis mier aRiarebulia, 

rom riskis Sefaseba mavnebeli sursaTis moxmarebiT 

gamowveuli riskebis marTvisa da Sesabamisi 

gadawyvetilebaTa realizaciis mTavari meqanizmia. 

riskis Sefaseba riskis analizis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani 

mecnierulad dasabuTebuli etapia. igi 

moicavs oTx safexurs (naxazi 4.1): safrTxis identifikacias, 

safrTxis daxasiaTeba-aRweras, safrTxis 

gamovlenis Sefasebasa da riskis daxasiaTebas. 

riskis Sefasebis procesSi mkafiod unda ganisazRvros 

riskis Sefasebis mizani, sfero, savaraudo 

alternativebi; amasTan, riskis Sefasebaze pasuxismgebeli 

mecnier-eqspertebi unda SeirCnen maTi specialobisa 

da individualuri gamocdilebis safu- 

Zvelze. 

samecniero-Teoriuli TvalsazrisiT riskis Sefaseba 

mavnebeli sursaTis gasaanalizebeli faqtoris 

- safrTxis adamianis janmrTelobasa da sicocxleze 

zemoqmedebis daSvebuli normebis Tanmimdevrul, 

sistemur Seswavlas da ganxilvas gulisxmobs. 

igi efuZneba mecnierulad dasabuTebul Sedegebsa 

da monacemebs, xorcieldeba damoukideblad, obieqturad 

da gamWvirvaled. 

samecniero-praqtikuli TvalsazrisiT riskis 

Sefasebis ZiriTadi amocanaa biologiuri, qimiuri 

da fizikuri faqtorebis adamianis janmrTelobasa 

da sicocxleze zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb informaciis 

mopoveba da ganzogadeba, rac aucilebeli da sakmarisi 

iqneba riskis marTvis optimaluri gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebis, riskis aRmofxvris, Tavidan 

acilebis an misaReb donemde SemcirebisaTvis, aseve 

eqspoziciis xangrZlivobis, riskebis regulirebisa 

da monitoringis optimizaciisaTvis. 

amrigad, riskis Sefaseba safrTxeebis zemoqmedebis 

raodenobrivi da/an xarisxobrivi maxasiaTebelia, 

romelic adamianTa konkretuli jgufisaTvis, 

eqspoziciis specifikur pirobebSi xorcieldeba. 

riskebis Sefasebis mizania: 

• riskis gamomwvevi mizezebis dadgena da aRkveTa; 

• monitoringis dagegmva, ganxorcieleba da Sedegebis 

Sefaseba; 

• adamianis janmrTelobaze mavnebeli sursaTis 

gavlenis Sefaseba; 

• riskis marTvis prioritetuli RonisZiebebis 

gansazRvra da maTi efeqturobis Sefaseba; 

• riskis zonebis dadgena da gavrcelebis alba- 

Tobis ranJireba; 

• higienuri normativebis da wesebis dadgena da 

arsebulis gadaxedva; 

• mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSiris dadgena moxmarebul 

mavnebel sursaTsa da adamianis janmrTelobas 

Soris; 

• profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis sxvadasxva variantebis 

efeqturobis Sefaseba; 

• mavnebeli sursaTis moxmarebisas, rodesac ma- 

Ralia riski, mosaxleobis, Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebebis 

miRebaSi monawile pirebis, masobrivi 

sainformacio saSualebebisa da sazogadoebrivi 

organizaciebisaTvis riskis donis da aucilebeli 

epidsawinaaRmdego RonisZiebaTa gatarebis 

Sesaxeb mecnierulad dasabuTebuli, sarwmuno 

informaciiT uzrunvelyofa; 

• rekomendaciebi mosaxleobis sxvadasxva fenisaTvis 

individualuri-profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis 

gatarebis Sesaxeb. 

riskis Sefasebis meTodologia saSualebas iZleva: 

‣ SemuSavdes riskis SemcirebisaTvis sxvadasxva 

maregulirebeli RonisZiebebis meqanizmebi da 

strategia; 

‣ miRebuli iqnas adamianis janmrTelobaze mavnebeli 

sursaTis moxmarebiT gamowveuli riskebis 

raodenobrivi maxasiaTebeli, kvlevis yvela 

etapis detaluri monacemebi m.S. im etapebisa, 

romlis Sesaxebac informacia ver iqna mopovebuli. 

‣ dadgindes riskis sididis variabeloba da bundovanebebi, 

rac dakavSirebulia samecniero monacemebis 

Sesaxeb SezRuduli informaciis arsebobasTan. 

‣ gadawyvetilebaTa miRebisas Semcirdes analizis 

bundovanebebi; 

‣ dadgindes sursaTis uvneblobis ufro sarwmuno 

doneebi da higienuri normativebi, m.S. 

minimaluri riskebi da koncentraciebi, romelic 

miRweuli unda iqnes profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis 

ganxorcielebisas; 

‣ ganxorcieldes konkretul SemTxvevaSi mosaxleobis 

identifikacia safrTxis mimarT mgrZnobelobis 

mixedviT (mgrZnobiare, nakleb mgrZnobiare 

da a.S); 

‣ ganisazRvros momxmarebelTa janmrTelobis 

dacvisa da sursaTis uvneblobis politikis 

ganxorcielebis prioritetebi; 

‣ dadgindes kritikuli zRvari safrTxeebisa, 

sadac bundovanebis donis Semcireba gazrdis 

riskis Sefasebis sarwmunoebas da Sesabamisad 

uzrunvelyofs riskis Semcirebas; 

‣ xarisxobrivad da raodenobrivad dadgindes 

riskis done, romelic SenarCunebulia misi Semcirebis 

RonisZiebebis gatarebis Semdeg; 

‣ moxdes monitoringis Catarebis gegmis koreqtireba, 

im prioritetuli safrTxeebis gaTva- 

23


liswinebiT, romlebic iwveven riskebs; 

‣ ganxorcieldes sursaTis uvneblobis higienuri 

normebis srulyofa da harmonizacia saerTa- 

Sorisod aRiarebul principebTan, kriteriumebTan 

da gamokvlevis meTodebTan. 

riskis Sefasebis saxelmZRvanelo principebis 

mizania aseve mavnebeli sursaTis moxmarebisas adamianis 

janmrTelobisa da sicocxlisaTvis adgilobrivi 

da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis (WHO, EFSA, 

RASEF, Codex Alimentarius, FAO, evrokomisia da sxv.), 

riskis Sefasebis moTxovnebis, principebis da meTodebis 

unifikacia. 

riskis Sefasebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani pirobaa 

laboratoriuli gamocdebi. 

• riskis SefasebisaTvis laboratoriuli gamokvlevebi 

tardeba dasaxelebul akreditebul laboratoriebSi; 

• riskis SefasebisaTvis laboratoriuli gamokvlevebis 

safuZvelze mzaddeba sruli angariSi 

daskvniT, romelic Seicavs dasabuTebul Sedegebs 

da rekomendaciebs dasaxuli miznebisa da 

amocanebis Sesabamisad. angariSsa da daskvnebSi 

mocemuli unda iqnas ara marto miRebuli Sedegebi, 

aramed maTi sandoobis Sefaseba da is 

bundovanebebi, romlebmac SesaZloa gavlena 

iqonios da Secvalos saboloo Sefaseba; 

• riskis Sefaseba emyareba ZiriTadad im kriteriumebs, 

romelSic gamoxatulia safrTxeebis 

gavlena adamianTa gansakuTrebiT mgrZnobiare 

jgufebze; 

• riskis Sefasebis maCveneblebis - epidemiologiuri 

kvlevebiT miRebuli referentuli dozebis 

(mwvave, naklebad mwvave da kumulaciuri 

zemoqmedebis koncentraciebi), minimaluri 

riskis donis, higienuri normativebis, `doza/ 

koncentracia-pasuxis~ parametrebis dadgena, 

rogorc wesi, riskis zeda zRvaris mixedviT 

xdeba; riskis Sefasebis mizniT gamoyenebuli 

maCveneblebis dasabuTebas safuZvlad udevs 

uaxlesi samecniero monacemebi; 

• riskis Sefasebis Sesaxeb uaxlesi mecnieruli 

monacemebi eqvemdebareba periodul gadamowmebas 

da Sevsebas. aRniSnul samuSaos asrulebs 

`riskis Sefasebis sakonsultacio sabWo~, sa- 

Wiroebis SemTxvevaSi Sesabamisi profilis mowveul 

eqspertebTan erTad; 

• riskis daxasiaTeba xorcieldeba riskis misa- 

Rebi donis safuZvelze, romelic gamoxatavs 

riskis iseT dones, romelic ar saWiroebs damatebiT 

RonisZiebebs riskis SemcirebisaTvis; 

• riskis donis SefasebisaTvis gasaTvaliswinebelia 

yvela is sasursaTo produqti, romelic 

SesaZloa moixmaros adamianma; 

• riskis Sefasebis safuZvelze miRebuli safr- 

Txeebis koncentraciebi mizanSewonilia gamoiyenon 

sursaTis uvneblobis parametrebis 

SemuSavebisas. 

safrTxis identifikacia Tvisobrivi procesia 

da moicavs potenciuri safrTxeebis - biologiuri, 

qimiuri da fizikuri agentebis gamovlenas, safrTxisa 

da adamianis janmrTelobis mdgomareobas Soris 

kavSiris Sefasebas, Sesaswavli safrTxeebis sasursaTo 

produqtebSi gavrcelebas; safrTxeebis identifikacia 

moicavs xarisxobriv mtkicebulebas imis 

Sesaxeb, rom konkretuli qimiuri, biologiuri da 

fizikuri faqtorebis zemoqmedeba iwvevs adamianis 

organizmze mavne zegavlenas; 

mavne zemoqmedebis uSualo sainformacio wyaros 

ki warmoadgens analitikuri mimoxilvebi, samecniero 

angariSebi, monacemTa bazebi, romelic moicavs 

maRalkvalificiuri eqspertebis daskvnebs safrTxeebis 

Sesaxeb; 

identifikaciis etapis ZiriTadi amocanaa prioritetuli, 

indikatoruli safrTxeebis SerCeva, 

romelTa Seswavla saSualebas iZleva maRali sarwmunoebiT 

daxasiaTdes riskis done, adamianis janmr- 

Telobis mdgomareoba da misi darRvevebis warmoqmnis 

gamomwvevi mizezi; 

safrTxeebis identifikacias `skriningis~ saxe 

aqvs da iTvaliswinebs yvela arsebuli, SesaZlo da 

prioritetuli safrTxis gamovlenas da maT zemoqmedebas 

adamianis organizmze, eqspoziciis dros, 

riskis gamomwvevi sasursaTo produqciis saxeobas 

da mis moZraobas; 

safrTxis identifikaciis etapze xdeba arsebuli 

da mopovebuli informaciis sisrulisa da 

sandoobis Sefaseba, ganisazRvreba damatebiTi informaciis 

moZiebis aucilebloba modeluri eqsperimentis 

Casatareblad; xdeba aseve raodenobrivi 

kriteriumebis Sesaxeb monacemTa mopoveba, romelic 

aucilebelia riskis Semdgomi analizisaTvis; 

safrTxis identifikacia mWidro kavSirSia dozis 

SefasebasTan, romlis ZiriTadi mizania qimiuri, 

biologiuri da fizikuri safrTxeebis raodenobrivi 

maxasiaTeblebis dadgena, anu safrTxeebis gamovlenis 

sididesa (doza) da janmrTelobis saziano 

Sedegebis simZimes Soris urTierTobis gansazRvra. 

safrTxis identifikacia riskis analizisaTvis warmoadgens 

ara marto sawyis etaps, aramed etaps, romlis 

mixedviTac unda dadgindes Semdgomi kvlevebis 

mizanSewoniloba; 

identifikaciis etapze, kvlevebis amocanis, 

miznis da aseve arsebuli informaciis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

zustdeba da sabolood yalibdeba Semdgomi 

gamokvlevebis gegma, dgindeba arsebuli bundovanebebi-gaurkvevlobebi, 

romlebmac SesaZloa gavlena 

iqonion saboloo daskvnebisa da rekomendaciebis 

srulyofilebaze, amasTan dgindeba riskis Sefasebis 

sazRvrebi da miRebuli Sedegebis gamoyenebis sferoebi; 

safrTxis daxasiaTeba - es aris safrTxis wyaros 

daxasiaTeba, mikvlevadoba, adamianze zemoqmedebis 

gzebi, dozisa da koncentraciis dadgena, eqspoziciis 

donis Sefaseba mosaxleobis yvela jgufisaTvis. 

safrTxis raodenobrivi daxasiaTeba moicavs 

nivTierebebis koncentraciis gansazRvras, rac moq- 

24

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biuleteni 

medebs adamianze eqspoziciis mTel periodSi; 

koncentracia - es aris konkretuli sasursaTo 

produqtis erTeul moculobaSi konkretuli safrTxis 

Semcveloba, romlis SefasebisaTvis gamoiyeneba 

pirdapiri da arapirdapiri meTodebi. 

pirdapiri meTodebi gulisxmobs biologiuri 

markerebis gamoyenebiT personalur monitorings, 

xolo arapirdapiri meTodebi moicavs sasursaTo 

produqtis nimuSSi maCveneblebis gansazRvras, anketiT 

gamokiTxvas, modelur garemoSi eqspozicias. 

eqspozicia unda moicavdes safrTxis adamianis 

organizmze zemoqmedebis realur doneebs. 

zemoqmedebis koncentraciis Sefaseba ZiriTadad 

xdeba: 

a. sursaTis uvneblobis monitoringis Sedegebis 

mixedviT; 

b. modelirebis meTodebis gamoyenebiT; 

g. modelirebisa da monitoringis Sedegebis kombinaciiT; 

e. eqspoziciis modelebis saSualebiT. 

zemoqmedebis Sefaseba, `doza-pasuxis Sefaseba~ 

anu `safrTxis gamovlenis Sefaseba~ - safrTxis 

eqspoziciis donesa da adamianis janmrTelobis mdgomareobas 

Soris raodenobrivi kavSiris Sefasebaa; 

zemoqmedebis Sefaseba warmoadgens riskis Sefasebis 

mniSvnelovan etaps. es gamokvlevebis disciplinaTaSorisi 

mimarTulebaa, romelic saWiroebs sxvadasxva 

profilis mqone specialistebis monawileobas 

- higienistebi, toqsikologebi, epidemiologebi, 

qimikosebi, mikrobiologebi, maTematikosebi da sxva 

profilis mecnier-TanamSromlebi; 

eqspozicia - aris organizmis kontaqti qimiur, 

fizikur da biologiur agentebTan. eqspoziciis Sefaseba 

aRwers zemoqmedebis bunebas, eqsponirebuli 

populaciis zomebsa da xasiaTs; eqspoziciis Sefasebisas, 

upirveles yovlisa, xorcieldeba safrTxis 

Semcveli sasursaTo produqciis identifikacia, 

sursaTSi safrTxis koncentraciis gansazRvra, 

momxmarebeli populaciis identifikacia; 

riskis marTvis ukeT ganxorcielebisaTvis, 

eqspoziciis Sefasebis stadiaze, aucilebelia gamokvleuli 

iqnes safrTxis Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebi, 

calkeuli sursaTisagan gamowveuli riskis 

done, maTze moqmedi faqtorebi, rac riskis Semcirebis 

efeqturi da racionaluri RonisZiebebis gatarebis 

saSualebas iZleva; 

eqspoziciis Sefaseba SesaZloa moicavdes warsulSi 

arsebul da momavalSi mosalodnel zemoqmedebas, 

e.i. arsebulis gazomvas, momavlis modelirebas 

da warsulSi zemoqmedebis biologiuri efeqtebis 

Semajamebel analizs. 

amdenad, eqspoziciis Sefasebis etapze xorcieldeba 

analizi, romelic moicavs: safrTxis Semcvel 

sasursaTo produqtebs, safrTxis warmoqmnis 

meqanizms, maT organizmSi moxvedras, dagrovebasa 

da transformacias; 

eqspoziciis Sefaseba warmoadgens ara marto 

riskis Sefasebis komponents, aramed riskis marTvis 

komponentsac, ramdenadac saSualebas iZleva dadgenili 

iqnes: 

• safrTxis Semcveloba sxvadasxva sasursaTo 

produqtSi; 

• maRali da dabali riskis populaciebi da subpopulaciebi; 

• calkeuli dasaxelebis sasursaTo produqtebis 

zemoqmedebis done; 

• Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi, safrTxis minimumamde 

SemcirebisaTvis. 

rogorc wesi, eqspoziciis Sefaseba sami Ziri- 

Tadi etapisagan Sedgeba: 

1. zemoqmedebis qvemdebare populaciis daxasia- 

Teba; 

2. safrTxis zemoqmedebis identifikacia da misi 

potenciuri gavrceleba; 

3. eqspoziciis raodenobrivi daxasiaTeba, rac 

moicavs meore etapze identificirebuli safrTxis 

sididis Sefasebas, misi zemoqmedebis 

sixSires. 

riskis Sefasebam unda gaiTvaliswinos sasursaTo 

produqciis warmoebis, Senaxvisa da gamoyenebis, 

aseve nimuSis aRebis, inspeqtirebisa da adamianis 

janmrTelobisaTvis mavne zemoqmedebis gamovlenis 

meTodebi; (`sursaTis uvneblobis riskis analizis 

samuSao principebi~, Codex Alimentarius CAC/GL 62- 

2007 saxelmZRvanelo (Working Principles for Risk Analysis 

for Food Safety for Application by Goverments - CAC/GL 

62-2007); 

riskis daxasiaTeba - riskis daxasiaTeba warmoadgens 

safrTxis identifikaciis, safrTxis daxasiaTeba-aRwerisa 

da safrTxis gamovlenis SefasebaTa 

erTobliobis Semajamebel etaps. am dros xdeba 

yvela miRebuli Sedegebis analizi, misaReb, dasaSveb 

riskebTan SedarebiTi Sefaseba da monacemTa ranJireba, 

prioritetebis gansazRvra da a.S. 

riskis daxasiaTebisas aRwerili unda iyos mocemuli 

riskis savaraudo uaryofiTi efeqtebis da 

simZimis raodenobrivi da Tvisobrivi Sefaseba, maT 

Soris im arasarwmunoTa aRwera, romlebic am Sefasebebs 

ukavSirdeba; 

riskis daxasiaTeba damokidebulia mopovebul 

monacemebze, maT Soris laboratoriuli gamokvlevebidan 

miRebul informaciaze, eqstrapolaciis 

cdomilebebsa da eqspertebis dasabuTebul mosazrebebze. 

raodenobrivi da Tvisobrivi monacemebis 

safuZvelze xdeba riskis xarisxobrivi Sefaseba da 

saboloo daxasiaTeba. 

riskis daxasiaTeba warmoadgens riskis Sefasebisa 

da riskis marTvis damakavSirebel rgols; 

riskis daxasiaTeba xorcieldeba Semdegi etapebis 

Sesabamisad: 

• eqspoziciis Sefasebis Sedegebis ganzogadeba 

25


`doza-pasuxis~ mixedviT; 

• riskis mniSvnelobaTa gamoTvla da da safrTxis 

Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebi; 

• riskis Sefasebis bundovanebaTa, arasarwmunoTa 

analizi; 

• riskis Sefasebis Sedegebis ganzogadeba da 

riskis mmarTvelebisaTvis wardgena. 

Sedegebis daskvniTi ganxilva warmoadgens 

riskis daxasiaTebis mniSvnelovan komponents da igi 

unda moicavdes imis dasabuTebas, rom: 

• riskis Sefasebis procesSi identificirebuli 

da Seswavlilia prioritetuli safrTxeebi; 

• mavne efeqtebis aRwera, romelic SeiZleba warmoiqmnas 

Sesaswavli safrTxis zemoqmedebisas; 

• arsebuli informaciis raodenobrivobis sarwmunoba, 

rac moicavs identificirebuli safrTxeebis 

toqsikurobas da mis mier gamowveul 

mavne efeqtebs; 

• eqspoziciis SefasebisaTvis monacemTa sarwmunobis 

daxasiaTebas; 

• ZiriTadi faqtorebis gansazRvras, romelic 

unda gaiTvaliswinon riskis marTvis procesSi 

(prioritetuli safrTxeebi, sasursaTo 

produqtebi, janmrTelobaze moqmedi efeqtebi); 

• ZiriTadi faqtorebis daxasiaTebas, rac amcirebs 

Sedegebis safuZvlianobas da sandoobas, 

riskis yvela arasarwmunoTa CaTvliT; 

• safrTxis Semcveli sasursaTo produqciis 

momxmarebeli populaciis daxasiaTebas. 

riskis Sefasebis raodenobrivi da xarisxobrivi 

daxasiaTeba aris ZiriTadi dokumenti, romelic 

miewodeba riskis mmarTvelebs. 

riskis Sefasebis sabaziso sqemis oTxi urTierTdakavSirebuli 

etapis sruli sqemiT gamokvlevebis 

Catarebamde saWiroa mkafiod ganisazRvros gamokvlevebis 

mizani da amocanebi, Seiqmnas mecnierTa jgufi, 

sadac gaerTiandebian rogorc toqsikologebi, 

qimikosebi, mikrobiologebi, teqnologebi, aseve 

is pirebi, romlebic monawileobas miiReben riskis 

marTvisas gadawyvetilebis miRebasa da mis realizaciaSi. 

riskis SefasebaSi monawile eqspertebi unda 

SeirCes maTi samecniero gamocdilebisa da praqtikuli 

saqmianobis mixedviT; eqspertebi unda iyvnen obieqturebi; 

interesTa konfliqtis Tavidan acilebis mizniT 

ar unda iyenebdnen Tanamdebobriv mdgomareobas 

riskis Sefasebaze gavlenis mosaxdenad; eqspertebis 

SerCevis procesi unda iqnes dokumentirebuli, dokumentebSi 

unda aisaxos informacia maTi profesiuli 

gamocdilebis Sesaxeb; eqspertebis unda SeirCes gam- 

Wvirvalobis principiT; (`sursaTis uvneblobis riskis 

analizis samuSao principebi~, Codex Alimentarius 

CAC/GL 62-2007 saxelmZRvaneloSi (Working Principles 

for Risk Analysis for Food Safety for Application by Goverments 

- CAC/GL 62-2007); 

mosamzadebel etapze mizanSewonilia ganisaz- 

Rvros adamianSi safrTxis moxvedris SesaZleblobebi 

da misi eqspozicia. 

4.2 riskis marTva 

riskis marTva warmoadgens riskis Sefasebis 

logikur gagrZelebas da moicavs konkretul situaciaSi 

dasabuTebuli saukeTeso gadawyvetilebis 

miRebas, riTac uzrunvelyofili iqneba safrTxis 

zemoqmedebis Tavidan acileba an minimumamde Semcireba, 

riskebis eqspoziciis monitoringi, makoreqtirebeli 

qmedebebis efeqturoba. riskis marTva damyarebulia 

riskis sidideebis politikur, socialur 

da ekonomikur Sefasebaze. 

riskis marTva Sedgeba oTxi elementisagan: 

1. sxvadasxva riskebis SedarebiTi daxasiaTeba-Sefaseba 

da riskebis ranJireba; 

2. riskebis misaRebi mniSvnelobebis dadgena; 

3. riskis marTvis strategiisa da kontrolis me- 

Todebis gansazRvra; 

4. maregulirebeli gadawyvetilebebis miReba. 

riskis marTvis sawyis etapze, prioritetebis 

dadgenis mizniT, tardeba riskebis SedarebiTi daxasiaTeba, 

im sakiTxebis gamoyofiT, romelTa gadawyvetac 

unda moxdes pirvel rigSi, maTi albaTobisa 

da mosalodneli Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT; 

riskebis SedarebiTi daxasiaTeba-Sefasebis 

etapze ar xdeba riskebis misaRebi mniSvnelobis 

dadgena; misaReb mniSvnelobaTa analizisas gaTvaliswinebuli 

unda iqnas mosaxleobis sxvadasxva 

jgufebis mier riskebis aRqmadoba, safrTxis Semcveli 

konkretuli sasursaTo produqciis savaraudo 

gamoyenebis sfero, misi sruli an nawilobrivi 

Canacvlebis sakiTxebi, makontrolebeli RonisZiebebis 

ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobebi potenciuri 

safrTxis misaReb donemde Semcirebis, Tavidan acilebis 

an aRmofxvris mizniT; riskis marTvis Sesaxeb 

gadawyvetilebis mimReb pirTaTvis gansakuTrebiT 

mniSvnelovania riskis donis raodenobrivi daxasia- 

Teba da misi interpretacia im pirebis mier, vinc 

axorcielebs kvlevebs. 

riskis donis kontrolis strategia moicavs 

uSualod im RonisZiebaTa gatarebas, romelic 

uzrunvelyofs safrTxis misaReb donemde Semcirebas, 

Tavidan acilebas an aRmofxvras. es SeiZleba 

iyos: 

• eqsponirebul pirTa raodenobis SezRudva; 

• riskis gamomwvevi sasursaTo produqciis gamoyenebis 

da realizaciis SezRudva; 

• sursaTis warmoebis, importis, teqnologiuri 

procesis sxvadasxva etapis, gamoyenebuli mowyobilobebis 

droebiTi SezRudva. 

riskebis Semcirebis mizniT SesaZlebelia gamoyenebuli 

iqnas aseve mavne zemoqmedebis gamovlenis 

albaTobis Semcireba. 

riskis marTvis erT-erTi RonisZiebaa periodu- 

26

# 111 

biuleteni 

li da mudmivi monitoringis strategiis SemuSaveba 

da ganxorcieleba. monitoringi warmoadgens riskis 

marTvis saSualebas - sistemas, romlis saSualebi- 

Tac xorcieldeba realuri safrTxeebis Sesaxeb 

informaciis mopoveba. magaliTad, sasmeli wylis 

SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba nimuSis aReba uSualod sasmeli 

wylis onkanidan. monitoringis ganxorcielebisas, 

konkretuli gasaanalizebeli damabinZureblis 

amorCeva, konkretuli sasursaTo produqtis Ser- 

Ceva unda Seesabamebodes mosaxleobis eqspoziciis 

Sefasebis mizans. 

arsebobs monitoringis sxvadasxva formebi: 

• sakontrolo, rac gulisxmobs safrTxis gamomwvevi 

faqtoris arsebul da zRvrul, an misaReb 

mniSvnelobasTan Sedarebas; 

• sasignalo, anu safrTxis warmoqmnisas swrafi 

reagireba; 

• prognozis, rac safrTxis eqspoziciis sididis 

winaswari gansazRvris SesaZleblobas iZleva; 

• instrumentuli - rogorc mimdinare movlenebis 

aRmoCenisa da klasifikaciis saSualeba. 

`sursaTis uvneblobis riskis analizis samu- 

Sao principebi~ (Codex Alimentarius CAC/GL 62-2007)-is 

Tanaxmad (punqti 16-25) riskis marTvis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebi, 

sanitariuli RonisZiebebis CaTvliT, 

miznad isaxavs adamianTa janmrTelobis dacvas. 

4.3 riskis komunikacia 

riskis komunikacia aris adamianis janmrTelobasTan 

dakavSirebuli riskis xarisxis Sefasebis 

Sedegebis da misi kontrolis Sesaxeb informaciis 

gavrceleba dainteresebuli mxareebisaTvis (mecnier 

TanamSromlebi, eqimebi, politikosebi, sazogadoeba). 

informaciis gadacema da gavrceleba riskis Sefasebis 

bunebrivi gagrZelebaa. riskis Sefasebisas 

miRebuli Sedegebi gasagebi unda iyos riskis regulirebaSi 

monawile pirTaTvis, mediisa da dainteresebul 

pirTaTvis. 

riskis Sesaxeb informaciis gavrcelebisas unda 

gaiTvaliswinon mosaxleobis sxvadasxva jgufis mier 

riskis aRqmis Taviseburebani. mosaxleoba riskis 

aRqmisas orientirebulia ara mxolod riskis raodenobriv 

maxasiaTebelze da mosalodnel Sedegebze, 

aramed ukve formirebul `sazogadoebriv azrze.~ 

riskis komunikaciam unda uzrunvelyos riskis 

marTvis Sesaxeb miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis zusti 

gansazRvra, riskis marTvis rekomendaciebis SemuSaveba 

da aseve riskis analizis procesSi yvela dainteresebuli 

mxaris saTanado CarTva. 

`sursaTis uvneblobis riskis analizis samu- 

Sao principebi~ (Codex Alimentarius CAC/GL 62-2007)-is 

Tanaxmad riskis komunikacia miznad isaxavs: 

‣ riskis analizis ganxorcielebisas warmoqmnili 

sxvadasxva konkretuli problemis Sesaxeb 

informaciis mopovebas da Sesabamisi codnis 

amaRlebas; 

‣ xeli Seuwyos riskis marTvis sxvadasxva variantebis 

ganxilvisa da Sesabamisi rekomendaciebis 

SemuSavebisas maT gamWvirvaleobas da saimedoobas; 

‣ riskis marTvis dros miRebuli gadawyvetilebebis 

ukeT aRqmas; 

‣ aumjobesebs riskis analizis efeqturobas da 

sisrules; 

‣ aumjobesebs riskis analizSi monawileTa Soris 

samuSao urTierTobebs; 

‣ sursaTis uvneblobisadmi momxmareblis ndobis 

amaRlebis mizniT gamWvirvales da xelmisawvdoms 

xdis riskis analizis mimdinareobis 

Sesaxeb informacias; 

‣ xels uwyobs riskis analizis procesSi yvela 

dainteresebuli mxaris CarTvas; 

‣ xels uwyobs sursaTTan dakavSirebuli riskebis 

Sesaxeb warmoqmnili problemebis Sesaxeb 

dainteresebul mxareebs Soris informaciis gacvlas; 

‣ saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi uzrunvelyos informaciis 

konfidencialurobas; 

‣ riskis analizi unda moicavdes zust, mkafio, 

interaqtiul da dasabuTebul komunikacias 

riskis Semfaseblebsa da riskis mmarTvelebs, 

aseve yvela dainteresebul mxares Soris riskis 

analizis ganxorcielebis yvela etapze; 

‣ riskis komunikacia ar unda Semoifarglebodes 

mxolod informaciis gavrcelebiT. misi mTavari 

funqciaa, uzrunvelyos riskis efeqturi 

marTvisaTvis saWiro yvela saxis informaciisa 

da mosazrebebis CarTva gadawyvetilebis miRebis 

dros; 

‣ riskis komunikaciam, romelic moicavs yvela 

dainteresebul mxares, unda uzrunvelyos 

riskis Sefasebis politikis, Sefasebis uzustobebisa 

da arasarwmuno monacemTa (bundovaneba- 

Ta) ganmarteba; masSi unda aRiniSnos riskis analizze 

moqmedi nebismieri xelSemSleli faqtori, 

aseve riskis Sefasebis procesSi monawile 

mecnier/eqspertTa gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebi 

da mosazrebebi; 

amrigad, riskis analizis saxelmZRvanelo principebis 

mizania daxmareba gauwios erovnul mTavrobebs, 

romlebic riskis Sefasebis, riskis marTvisa 

da riskis komunikaciis procedurebis gamoyenebiT 

ganaxorcieleben adamianis janmrTelobis, sicocxlisa 

da ekonomikuri interesebis dacvas moxmarebisTvis 

gankuTvnil sursaTTan mimarTebaSi. amasTan, 

aRniSnuli principebis Tanmimdevruli gamoyeneba 

aregulirebs sursaTis uvneblobis saxelmwifo kontrolis, 

Sida bazris efeqturi funqcionirebisa da 

saerTaSoriso vaWrobis sakiTxebs da warmoadgens 

sursaTis uvneblobis erTiani erovnuli programis 

ganuyofel nawils. 

27


Tavi 5. sursaTis uvneblobis saxelmwifo 

kontroli, zedamxedveloba da monitoringi 

saqarTveloSi 

evropis parlamentisa da sabWos regulacia 

#178/2002-is Sesabamisad, `saqarTvelos mTavrobis 

struqturis, uflebamosilebisa da saqmianobis wesis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 25-e muxlis me-5 

punqtis, `sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos kanonis 36-e muxlisa da saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis saministros debulebis me-8 

muxlis Tanaxmad, 2006 wlis aprilSi Seiqmna saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis saministros saqveuwyebo 

dawesebuleba - sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa 

da mcenareTa dacvis erovnuli samsaxuri (SemdgomSi 

samsaxuri), romelic afxazeTisa da aWaris 

avtonomiuri respublikebis Sesabamisi samsaxurebis, 

saqalaqo da raionuli sammarTveloebis (sul 59 sammarTvelo) 

meSveobiT, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis 

Sesabamisad, axorcielebs sursaTisa da cxovelis 

sakvebis uvneblobis, xarisxis, sanitariul-higienuri, 

veterinaruli, mcenareTa dacvisa da agroqimiuri 

RonisZiebebis zedamxedvelobas, monitoringsa da 

saxelmwifo kontrols. mxolod aRniSnuli samsaxuria 

dReisaTvis uflebamosili qveyanaSi ganaxorcielos 

sursaTis sferoSi aRniSnuli qmedebebi. 

momxmarebelTa janmrTelobis, sicocxlisa 

da ekonomikuri interesebis dacvis, adamianis moxmarebisaTvis 

gankuTvnil sursaTTan dakavSirebiT, 

Sida bazris efeqtiani funqcionirebisa da misi mravalferovnebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT samsaxurSi Seiqmna 

sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis zedamxedvelobis 

sammarTvelo, romelic kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili 

wesiT uzrunvelyofs: 

• sursaTis xarisxis zedamxedvelobas, monitoringsa 

da saxelmwifo kontrols; sursaTis uvneblobis 

saxelmwifo kontrols (2010 wlis 1 ianvramde 

mxolod gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi); Tumca 

`sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb'saqarTvelos 

kanonSi 36-e muxls 2007 wels daemata 3 1 punqti, 

romlis Tanaxmadac SesaZlebelia àm kanoniT ga- 

Tvaliswinebuli kontroli ganxorcieldes mewarmis 

moTxovnis safuZvelze, mis sakuTar produqciaze.~ 

• sasmeli wylis uvneblobis parametrebisa da xarisxis 

kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil moTxovnebTan 

Sesabamisobaze zedamxedvelobas, monitoringsa 

da saxelmwifo kontrols; 

• wylis sasaqonlo produqciisaTvis kategoriis 

miniWebas; dadgenili wesiT nimuSebis aRebasa 

da dasaxelebuli laboratoriisaTvis gadacemas; 

risTvisac saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris 2007 wlis 6 Tebervlis #2-14 br- 

ZanebiT samsaxurSi Seqmnilia `wylis sasaqonlo 

produqciisaTvis kategoriis miniWebis sauwyebaTaSoriso 

eqspertTa sabWo~; 

• mineraluri wylis geografiuli adgilwarmo- 

Sobis dasaxelebis registracias; 

• krizisuli mdgomareobis dros, misi marTvis 

gegmis gansazRvras, Sesabamisi qmedebebisa da 

RonisZiebebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rac aucilebelia 

krizisis samarTavad; 

• sursaTis moxmarebis Sedegad warmoqmnili riskebis 

Semcirebis, aRmofxvris da prevenciis 

mizniT gamafrTxilebeli da makoordinirebeli 

RonisZiebebis gatarebas; 

• falsifikaciis faqtebis gamovlenas da aRmkve- 

Ti zomebis gatarebas; 

• sammarTvelo gascems sursaTisa da sursaTTan 

dakavSirebuli taris higienur sertifikats. 

saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2007 wlis 30 maisis 

#111 dadgenilebis Sesabamisad. aRsaniSnavia, 

rom am dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, higienuri sertificireba 

nebayoflobiTia da xorcieldeba 

ganmcxadeblis (mwarmoeblis, distributoris, 

eqsportioris) iniciativiT. higienuri sertifikati 

gaicema rogorc dafasoebul, ise daufasoebel 

sursaTze, higienuri sertificirebisaTvis 

saWiro dokumentaciisa da dasaxelebuli 

sagamocdo laboratoriis mier Catarebuli 

gamocdebis Sedegebis ganxilvisa da Sefasebis 

safuZvelze. higienuri sertifikatis misaRebad 

warsadgeni dokumentaciaa: 

a. gancxadeba, sadac miTiTebulia teqnikuri 

reglamentisa da standartis Sesaxeb; 

b. dasaxelebuli sagamocdo laboratoriis 

mier Catarebuli gamocdis Sedegebis safuZvelze 

gacemuli sursaTis/taris uvneblobis moTxovnebTan 

Sesabamisobis oqmi; 

g. sursaTis/taris gamoyenebisa da akrZalvis 

sferos daxasiaTeba. 

qveyanaSi veterinaruli da epizootiuri 

keTilsaimedoobis uzrunvelsayofad, cxovelTa gadamdebi 

da aragadamdebi sneulebebisagan dacvis da am 

sneulebebis kerebis aRmosafxvrelad samsaxurSi arsebobs 

veterinariis departamenti, romelic sami sammar- 

Tvelosgan Sedgeba (ix. naxazi 5.1). 

infeqciuri sneulebebis zedamxedvelobis 

sammarTeelos funqciebia: 

• cxovelebis janmrTelobis dacvis uzrunvelsayofad 

kompleqsuri RonisZiebebis gatareba; 

• cxovelebis, cxovelebisa da adamianisaTvis 

saerTo saSiSi sneulebebis sawinaaRmdego programis 

momzadeba, epizootis sawinaaRmdego 

RonisZiebebis dagegmva da pasuxismgebloba Sesrulebaze; 

• cxovelebis gadayvana-gadarekvaze veterinaruli 

kontroli; 

• cxovelebis, cxovelebisa da adamianisaTvis 

saerTo saSiSi masobrivi gadamdebi sneulebebis 

gaCena-gavrcelebis mizezebis dadgena da Sesabamisad 

prevenciisa da salikvidacio RonisZiebebis 

Sesrulebaze kontroli; 

28

# 111 

biuleteni 

veterinaruli departamentis struqtura 

naxazi 5.1 

veterinaluri 

zedamxedvelobis 

departamenti 

infeqciuri 

daavadebebis 


sammarTvelo 

cxovelTa sakvebis, 

veterinaruli 

afTiaqebisa da 

samkurnaloebis 



veterinarulsanitariuli 



• saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi sammarTvelo organizebas 

uwevs cxovelTa sneulebebis diagnostikisaTvis 

gamosakvlevi masalis laboratoriaSi 

gadagzavnas, Sedegebis mixedviT - Sesabamisi 

RonisZiebebis gatarebas da Sesrulebaze kontrolis 

ganxorcielebas; 

• informacias awvdis mosaxleobas sneulebebis 

mosalodneli warmoSoba-gavrcelebis Sesaxeb 

da axorcielebs Sesabamis RonisZiebebs. 

cxovelTa sakvebis, veterinaruli afTiaqebisa 

da samkurnaloebis zedamxedvelobis sammarTvelos 

funqciebia: 

• uzrunvelyos cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobisa da 

xarisxis, aseve higienuri da veterinarul-sanitaruli 

moTxovnebisa da wesebis dacva kanonmdeblobiT 

dadgenili moTxovnebis Sesabamisad; 

• ganaxorcielos saxelmwifo kontroli veterinaruli 

daniSnulebis biologiur da qimiurfarmacevtul 

preparatebze (saSualebebze); 

• riskis Sefasebis safuZvelze gansazRvruli 

prioritetebis Sesabamisad an moqmed normeb Tan 

Seusabamobaze safuZvliani eWvis SemTxvevaSi ganaxorcielos 

cxovelTa sakvebis inspeqtireba; 

• biologiuri, sadiagnostiko, qimiur-farmacevtuli, 

sxva veterinaruli preparatebis, 

sakvebdanamatebis warmoebis, Senaxvis, realizaciis, 

aseve importuli biologiuri preparatebis 

Semotana-gatanis, gamoyenebis zedamxedveloba 

da kontroli; 

• cxovelis sakvebis mwarmoebelTa registracia; 

• vetdaniSnulebis preparatebis xarisxis kontroli; 

• cxovelTa sakvebis, veterinaruli daniSnulebis 

biologiuri da qimiur-farmacevtuli preparatebis 

(saSualebebis) eqsport-importze, 

reeqsportsa da tranzitze zedamxedveloba. 

veterinarul-sanitaruli zedamxedvelobis 

sammarTvelos funqciebia: 

• adamianis janmrTelobis dacva cxovelebisa da 

adamianis saerTo daavadebebisagan; 

• cxovelebiT, mecxoveleobis produqtebiTa da 

nedleuliT vaWrobaze (realizaciaze) kanoniT 

dadgenili wesiT veterinarul-sanitaruli zedamxedvelobis 

ganxorcieleba; 

• mecxoveleobis produqtebisa da nedleulis 

veterinaruli keTilsaimedoobis gansazRvra; 

• veterinarul-sainspeqcio kontrolis ganxorcieleba; 

• veterinar eqimTa sakvalifikacio kursebis, sasertifikacio 

sagamocdo komisiisa da saxelmwifo 

sasertifikacio sabWos muSaobaSi monawileoba. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom dReisaTvis cxoveluri warmoSobis 

sasursaTo produqtebis kontrolis sistema 

moqmedebs mxolod maTi realizaciis adgilebSi, 

rogoricaa agraruli bazrebi, axali xorciTa 

da subproduqtebiT movaWre maRaziebi. miuxedavad 

imisa, rom dReisaTvis cxoveluri produqtebis damamzadebeli 

sawarmoebis saxelmwifo kontroli Se- 

Cerebulia, am sawarmoebSi funqcionireben veterinarul-sanitariuli 

eqspertizis laboratoriebi, 

romlebic pasuxismgebeli arian warmoebuli produqciis 

veterinarul-sanitarul keTilsaimedoobaze. 

maTi saqmianobis kontroli xorcieldeba gegmiurad 

winaswar damtkicebuli gegma-grafikis Sesabamisad. 

iseT daavadebebze, rogoricaa brucelozi, tuberkulozi, 

Turquli, frinvelis gripi da Roris 

29


afrikuli Wiri erovnuli samsaxuris mier tardeba 

mudmivi monitoringi, rac daavadebuli an virusmatarebeli 

cxovelis droulad gamovlenis da Sesabamisi 

RonisZiebebis gatarebis saSualebas iZleva. 

garda amisa, saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2008 wlis 

12 aprilis #95 dadgenileba ,,epizootiuri, zoonozuri, 

zooanTroponozuri sneulebebis sawinaaRmdego 

profilaqtikur-samkurnalo RonisZiebaTa organizebis 

wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ iTvaliswinebs 

Sesabamis profilaqtikur-samkurnalo RonisZiebebs, 

rasac erovnuli samsaxuri axorcielebs. 

dReisaTvis veterinariaSi arsebuli samarTlebrivi 

aqtebia: 

• `veterinariis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni (1995 

wlis 14 ivnisi); 

• `sasoflo-sameurneo karantinis Sesaxeb~ saqar- 

Tvelos kanoni (1997 wlis 15 maisi); 

• `cxovelTa xorcis dadamRvis wesis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 

brZaneba #2-204 (2005 wlis 7 seqtemberi); 

• `mecxoveleobis nedleulisa da produqtebis, 

cxovelTa sakvebis (sawarmoo wesiT) damamzadebeli, 

gadamamuSavebeli, Semnaxavi da sarealizacio 

obieqtebis veterinarul-sanitariuli wesebis 

damtkicebis Sesaxeb~. saqarTvelos soflis 

meur neobis ministris brZaneba #2-206 (2005 

wlis 7 seqtemberi); 

• `cxovelTa, mecxoveleobis nedleulisa da produqtebis 

eqsportis dros gamosayenebeli veterinaruli 

sertifikatebis formebisa da gacemis 

wesis damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis ministris brZaneba #2-207 

(2005 wlis 7 seqtemberi); 

• `saqarTvelos teritoriaze cxovelTa, mecxoveleobis 

nedleulisa da produqtebis gadazidvisas 

gamosayenebeli veterinaruli mowmobebis 

formebisa da gacemis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.~ 


brZa neba #2-208 (2005 wlis 7 seqtemberi); 

• `cxovelTa gadarekva-gadayvanis (m.S. sazafxulo 

da zamTris saZovrebze) veterinaruli-sanitariuli 

wesebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.~ saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris brZaneba 

#2-190 (2005 wlis 17 agvisto); 

• `veterinar-eqimTa sasertifikacio sabWos debulebis 

damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis ministris brZaneba #2-164 (2005 

wlis 7ivlisi); 

• èpizootiuri, zoonozur, zooanToponozuri 

sneulebebis aRmZvreliT dainficirebuli 

da adamianisaTvis sakvebad uvargisad miCneuli 

mecxoveleobis nedleulis da produqtebis, veterinaruli 

daniSnulebis biologiuri da yvela 

saxis qimiur-farmacevtuli preparatebis amoRebisa 

da ganadgurebis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris br- 

Zaneba #2-236 (2005 wlis 11 oqtomberi); 

• `saklavi cxovelebis veterinaruli Semowmebisa 

da xorcisa da xorcis produqtebis veterinarul-sanitariuli 

eqspertizisaTvis wesebis 

damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris brZaneba #2-235 (2005 wlis 

11 oqtomberi); 

• àgrarul bazrebSi, bazrobebsa da mecxoveleobis 

nedleulisa da produqtebis damamzadebel, 

Semnaxvel da gadamamuSavebel sawarmoebSi, samrewvelo 

macivrebSi (macivarkombinatebSi), kvebisa 

da savaWro obieqtebis veterinarul-sanitariuli 

zedamxedvelobis samsaxurebis (laboratoriebis) 

tipobrivi wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.~ 


brZaneba #2-214 (2005 wlis 16 seqtemberi); 

• `saerTaSoriso veterinarul-sanitariuli kodeqsiT 

gansazRvruli à~ da `b~ jgufebis saSiSi 

gadamdebi sneulebebis sawinaaRmdego profilaqtikur-sakarantino 

RonisZiebaTa ganxorcielebis 

wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb.~ saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris brZaneba #2-217 


• `cxovelTa sasaklaoebis tipobrivi wesis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris brZaneba #2-218 (2005 wlis 16 

seqtemberi); 

• `fizikuri da kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis 

veterinaruli samsaxurebis (veterinaruli 

afTiaqebi, savaWro obieqtebi) tipobrivi wesis 

damtkicebis Sesaxeb~, saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis ministris brZaneba #2-215 (2005 

wlis 16 seqtemberi); 

• `sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris - saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis saministros laboratoriis 

debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 


#2-96 (2006 wlis 12 ivlisi); 

• `veterinaruli daniSnulebis biologiuri da 

yvela saxis qimiur-farmacevtuli preparatebis 

(saSualebebis) warmoebis, Senaxvis, gadazidvis, 

eqsportis reeqsportis da importis aRricxvisa 

da gacemis wesebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 


#2-243 (2005 wlis 19 oqtomberi); 

• `saqarTvelos sazRvrebze, sazRvao navsadgureb- 

Si, aeroportebSi, saxmeleTo gasasvlelebSi da 

sabaJo gamSvebi punqtebis teritoriaze fitosanitaruli 

da veterinaruli sasazRvro-sakarantino 

kontrolis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb~ 

droebiTi instruqciis damtkicebis Taobaze” 

saqarTvelos finansTa ministrisa da saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris erToblivi 

brZaneba #171 #2-37 (2006 wlis 6 marti); 

• `cxovelTa (m.S. frinvelis, futkaris, Tevzis, yvela 

saxis wyalxmeleTa ZuZumwovari cxovelebis, 

amfibiebis, embrionebis, cxovelTa kvercxujredebis, 

sainkubacio kvercxis, ganayofierebuli 

30

# 111 

biuleteni 

qviriTis da sxv), mecxoveleobis nedleulisa da 

produqtebis importis, eqsportis, reeqsportis, 

tranzituli gadazidvebis veterinarul-sanitariuli 

wesebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 


#2-70 (2006 wlis 1 maisi); 

• `cxovelTa sakarantino wesebis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 

brZaneba #2-71 (2006 wlis 1 maisi); 

• `fizikuri da kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis 

veterinaruli laboratoriebis (sadiagnostiko 

ganyofilebis) tipobrivi wesebis damtkicebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris brZaneba #2-74 (2006 wlis 4 maisi); 

• `veterinar eqimTa saxelmwifo sertificirebas- 

Tan dakavSirebuli sakvalifikacio kursebis 

programebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris brZaneba #2-175 


• `veterinar eqimTa saxelmwifo sertificirebis 

wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni (2004 wlis 26 

oqtomberi); 

• `gardamaval periodSi saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis saministros Sesabamisi struqturebis 

mier nebarTvebis gacemis pirobebi da wesebi~ 

saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenileba #143 

(2005 wlis 18 oqtomberi); 

• `veterinaruli samewarmeo saqmianobis licenziisa 

da nebarTvebis gacemis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 

kanoni (2005 wlis 28 dekemberi); 

• `q. TbilisSi ZaRlebis, katebis da mtacebeli cxovelebis 

Senaxvis wesebi~ Tbilisi sakrebulos 

gadawyvetileba #9-5 (2001 wlis 7 noemberi). 

mcenareTa dacva qveynis sasursaTo usafr- 

Txoebisa da sursaTis uvneblobis uzrunvelyofis 

mecnierulad dasabuTebul RonisZiebaTa kompleqsia, 

razedac damokidebulia strategiuli mniSvnelobis 

sasoflo sameurneo kulturaTa mosavlianoba 

da xarisxi. saqarTvelos teritoriis fitosanitaruli 

dacva qveynis erovnuli uSiSroebis 

Semadgeneli nawilia. mcenareTa dacvisa da sakarantino 

RonisZiebebis ganxorcieleba, uzrunvelyofs 

saqarTvelos teritoriis dacvas sazRvargareTis 

qveynebidan mcenareuli produqciis, masalebis, satransporto 

saSualebebis gziT sakarantino da sxva 

saSiSi mavneblebis, mcenareTa daavadebebis da sarevelebis 

Semotanisagan, mcenareTa dacvis sferoSi 

arsebuli saerTaSoriso normebisa da saqarTvelos 

mier dadebuli moTxovnebisa da valdebulebebis Sesabamisad 

saerTaSoriso vaWrobis dros maT gatanas 

qveynidan. 

saqarTvelom msoflio savaWro organizacias- 

Tan (mso) xeli moawera SeTanxmebas `sanitaruli da 

fitosanitaruli zomebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb~, amas- 

Tanave, 2006 wlis 10 noembers, saqarTvelos parlamentis 

#3675-II dadgenilebiT, saqarTvelo SeuerTda 

`mcenareTa dacvis saerTaSoriso konvencias~, 

romelTa moTxovnebis Sesasruleblad aucilebelia 

qveyanaSi mcenareTa dacvis erovnuli organizaciis 

gaZliereba, instituciuri mowyobis gaumjobeseba 

da sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofa. 

konvenciis moTxovnebis Sesrulebis mizniT 

samsaxurSi Seqmnilia mcenareTa dacvis departamenti, 

romelic kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli kompetenciis 

farglebSi axdens saqvekarantino tvir- 

Tebis, satransporto saSualebebis monitorings da 

zedamxedvelobas, saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze 

kontrols uwevs mcenareTa dacvas sakarantino da 

sxva saSiSi mavne organizmebisagan da kerebis aRmofxvras. 

migraciuli, gansakuTrebiT saSiSi da sakarantino 

mavne organizmebis gavrcelebis aRkveTis mizniT, 

mcenareTa dacvis departamenti adgens saxelmwifo 

programebs, organizebas uwevs, akontrolebs 

da axorcielebs mcenareTa dacvis RonisZiebebs, 

atarebs fitosanitarul monitorings mavnebeldaavadebaTa 

da sarevelebis sxvadasxva saxeobebis 

gavrceleba-ganviTarebis xarisxis, mizezebisa da 

xelSemwyobi faqtorebis dadgenis da maTi Tavidan 

acilebis mizniT, awarmoebs mavne organizmebis gavrcelebasa 

da ganviTarebis prognozirebas. 

“FAO”-s `pesticidebis ganawilebisa da gamoyenebis 

saerTaSoriso kodeqsis~ moTxovnebis Sesasruleblad 

axorcielebs saxelmwifo politikas 

pesticidebis efeqturi gamoyenebis da usafrTxo 

momxmarebs sferoSi. axdens axali pesticidebis da 

agroqimikatebis gamocda-eqspertizis koordinacias 

da axorcielebs saxelmwifo registracias, gansazRvravs 

saqarTveloSi gamosayeneblad nebadar- 

Tuli preparatebis nusxas da awarmoebs saxelmwifo 

katalogs, akontrolebs pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis 

momoqcevasa da gamoyenebas, xarisxs. 

mcenareTa dacvis departamenti eweva saganmanaTleblo 

samuSaoebs fermerTa codnis amaRlebis 

mizniT, aqveynebs da avrcelebs sasoflo-sameurneo 

kulturebis dacvis rekomendaciebs da sxva masalebs, 

raionebSi atarebs seminarebs specialistebisa da 

fermerebisaTvis axali mcenareTa dacvis teqnologiebis 

danergvisa da pesticidebis uaxlesi asortimentis 

swori da usafrTxo gamoyenebis mizniT. 

mcenareTa dacvis departamentSi sami sammarTveloa 

(naxazi 5.2): 

fitosanitaruli kontrolisa da monitoringis 


saqarTvelos niadagur-klimaturi pirobebidan 

da soflis meurneobis mravaldargianobidan gamomdinare, 

qveyanaSi gavrcelebulia aTasobiT mavne 

organizmi, romelTa sxvadasxva saxeebi calkeul 

sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebze dominirebs. sammarTvelo 

zedamxedvelobas axorcielebs da akontrolebs 

mcenareTa mavne organizmebis, maT Soris 

gansakuTrebiT saSiSi da sakarantino mavne organizmebis 

gavrcelebas, fitosanitarul monitorings, 

axdens gavrcelebis prognozirebas. iRebs raionebidan 

informaciebs mavne organizmebis gavrcelebis 

Sesaxeb periodebis mixedviT, amuSavebs da iRebs 

31


mcenareTa dacvis departamentis struqtura 

naxazi 5.2 

mcenareTa karantinis sammarTvelo, romelic 

zedamxedvelobas da kontrols uwevs saqarTvelos 

teritoriaze fitosanitaruli kontrolis ganxorcielebas. 

sammarTvelo uzrunvelyofs fitosanitarul 

karantins daqvemdebarebuli produqciis qveynidan 

eqsportisa da reeqsportiT reJimis gatanisas 

Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis koordinirebas da zedamxedvelobas, 

kontrols uwevs saeqsporto karantins 

daqvemdebarebuli tvirTebis fitosanitarul ser- 

Tificirebas, qveynis SigniT gadazidvebisas Sesabamisi 

dokumentaciis gacemasa da aRricxvianobas, 

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi uzrunvelyofs sakarantino 

eqspertizis Catarebas; sammarTvelos TanamSromlebi 

konsultaciebs uweven saerTaSoriso vaWrobiT 

dasaqmebul iuridiul da fizikur pirebs, monawileoben 

mavne organizmebis riskis analizSi, amuSaveben 

sakarantino obieqtebis nusxas, mcenareTa karantimcenareTa 

dacvis 

departamenti 

fitosanitaruli 

kontrolisa da 

monitoringis 


mcenareTa dacvisa da 

agroqimiur saSualebaTa 



mcenareTa karantinis 


gadawyvetilebebs brZolis RonisZiebaTa da meTodebis 

Sesaxeb, adgens RonisZiebaTa biologiur da 

ekonomikur efeqts. axorcielebs qveyanaSi kanonmdeblobiT 

gansazRvruli saqvekarantinono tvirTebis, 

satransporto saSualebebis monitoringsa da 

zedamxedvelobas. kontrols uwevs fitosanitaruli 

sertifikatebis gacemas. SeimuSavebs da avrcelebs 

fitosanitarul sakiTxebze sxvadasxva wesebsa da 

rekomendaciebs, instruqciebs, meTodur miTiTebebs, 

monawileobs dargTan dakavSirebul normatiuli 

aqtebis SemuSavebaSi. 

mcenareTa dacvisa da agroqimiur saSualeba- 

Ta zedamxedvelobis sammarTvelo 

soflis meurneobis ganviTarebis, sursaTis uvneblobisa 

da sasursaTo usafrTxoebisaTvis umniSvnelovanesia 

mcenareTa dacvis da agroqimiur saSualebaTa 

efeqturi da usafrTxo gamoyeneba. saqarTvelo, 

mravalferovani niadagur-klimaturi pirobebiTa 

da sasoflo- sameurneo kulturaTa mravalsaxeobiT 

gamoirCeva, rac didi raodenobiT sxvadasxva 

agroqimikatebisa da pesticidebis moxmarebas ganapirobebs. 

sammarTvelo organizebas uwevs pesticidebisa 

da agroqimikatebis saregistracio gamocdebis 

Catarebas da registracias, gascems saregistracio 

mowmobas da adgens nebadarTuli pesticidebisa da 

agroqimikatebis katalogs. aseve SeimuSavebs da avrcelebs 

pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis efeqturi 

da usafrTxo gamoyenebis rekomendaciebs, instruqciebs, 

meTodur miTiTebebs, qveynis teritoriaze 

zedamxedvelobas uwevs pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis 

Semotanis, transportirebis, Senaxvis, realizaciis 

da gamoyenebis wesebis dacvas. 

azustebs da periodulad aqveynebs pesticidebisa 

da agroqimikatebis eqsportiorTa sias da 

adgens reestrs, raTa fermerebs swori informacia 

hqondeT saimedo importiorebze. akontrolebs bazarze 

ganTavsebuli pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis 

xarisxs. aRsaniSnavia, rom sammarTvelos gaaCnia 

mdidari monacemTa baza saqarTvelos niadagebis da 

misi nayofierebis savargulebis struqturis, agroqimikatebze 

moTxovnebis, mcenareTa mavne organizmebis 

gavrcelebis Sesaxeb regionebisa da raionebis 

mixedviT. sammarTvelo sistematurad iRebs informacias 

sxvadasxva qveynebidan axali Taobis pesticidebisa 

da agroqimikatebis mwarmoeblebis, maTi efeqturobis, 

gamoyenebis arealis, ekologiuri usafrTxoebis 

Sesaxeb da a.S. sammarTvelos mWidro da 

saqmiani urTierToba aqvs qveynis samecniero-kvleviT 

institutebTan, sxvadasxva eqspertebTan, arasamTavrobo 

organizaciebTan, qimiuri produqtebis 

importiorebTan. monawileobs sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso 

proeqtebisa da programebis kanonproeqtebis 

da normatiuli aqtebis SemuSavebaSi. 

32

# 111 

biuleteni 

nis sakiTxebze SeimuSaveben rekomendaciebsa da instruqciebs. 

agroqimikatebis registraciisaTvis saWiro dokumentacia: 

1. ganacxadi registraciaze qarTul enaze (rusul 

da inglisur enebTan erTad, romelTa Targmnis 

SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia Targmnis sisworis 

dadastureba) registrantis dasaxeleba, misamarTi, 

telefoni-faqsi, el-fosta. 

2. agroqimikatis dasaxeleba; 

3. agroqimikatis gansxvavebuli (savaWro) dasaxeleba; 

4. agroqimikatis damamzadebeli mwarmoebeli (dasaxeleba, 

misamarTi, telefoni, faqsi, el-fosta); 

5. damamzadeblis werilobiTi uflebamosileba 

registrantisadmi iyos misi warmomadgeneli da 

uflebamosili piri agroqimikatis registraciisas; 

6. sxva qveynebSi registracia qveynis dasaxelebiT; 

7. agroqimikatis daniSnuleba; 

8. agroqimikatis gamoyeneba sasoflo-sameurneo 

kulturebSi (kulturebis dasaxelebiT), rekomendebuli 

dozebi, Setanis vadebi da wesebi, 

efeqturoba. 

agroqimikatebis maxasiaTeblebi: 

1. qimiuri formula; 

2. moqmedi nivTiereba da procentuli Semcveloba; 

3. agroqimikatis forma (granulirebuli, fxvnilisebri, 

Txevadi, kristaluri, suspenzia da 

a.S.); 

4. agregatuli formis SemTxvevaSi nawilakebis 

zoma; 

5. agroqimikatis feri, suni; 

6. wyalSi xsnadoba; 

7. lRobis temperatura; 

8. afeTqebis da aalebis temperatura; 

9. tenis raodenoba %; 

10. pH; 

11. koroziuli Tvisebebi; 

12. Senaxvis pirobebi daavadebi; 

11. hidroskopuloba, Sebeltvis xarisxi; 

14. agroqimikatis SefuTvis forma da wona; 

15. agroqimikatis maCveneblebis laboratoriuli 

kontrolis meTodebi analizis msvlelobis 

CvenebiT; 

agroqimikatis toqsikologiuri higienuri daxasiaTeba: 

1. agroqimikatSi toqsinebis Semcveloba da daskvna 

maTi dasaSvebi donis farglebSi arsebobis 

Sesaxeb; 

2. mZime liTonebis Semcveloba da daskvna dasaSvebi 

donis farglebSi arsebobis Sesaxeb; 

3. gamaRizianebeli moqmedeba momuSave personalis 

kansa da lorwovan garsze; 

4. moqmedeba Sinaur cxovelebsa da frinvelebze; 

5. agroqimikatis moqmedeba garemoze; 

6. agroqimikatis uvneblobis monacemebi evrokav- 

Siris direqtivis 2001/58/EC Tanaxmad. 

dReisaTvis qveyanaSi mcenareTa dacvisa da niadagis 

dacvis sakiTxebi, am sferoTi sursaTis uvneblobis 

sakiTxebi regulirdeba Semdegi samarTlebrivi 

aqtebiT: 

`mavne organizmebisagan mcenareTa dacvis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos kanoni (1994 wlis 12 oqtomberi); 

`pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 

kanoni (1998 wlis 25 noemberi); 

`saqarTveloSi 2005-2009 w.w. gamosayeneblad nebadarTuli 

pesticidebis (mcenareTa dacvis saSualebebis 

da zrdis regulatorebis) katalogi saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris #2-168 brZaneba (2005 

wlis 1 ivlisi), cvlilebebi da damatebebi Sevida 

2006 wlis 19 ivniss saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris #2-100 brZanebiT; 

`biologiuri pesticidebis warmoebis licenziis 

gacemis wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis #89 

dadgenileba (2006 wlis 29 aprili); 

`saqarTveloSi 2006-2010 w.w. ganmavlobaSi nebadarTuli 

agroqimikatebis katalogi~ saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris 2006 wlis 29 agvistos 

#164 brZaneba; 

`pesticidebis markirebis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobisa da sursa- 

Tis ministris brZaneba #2-262 (2000 wlis 14 noemberi); 

`saqarTveloSi saregistracio gamocdebisaTvis 

saWiro pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis nimuSebis, 

etalonuri preparatebisa da analitikuri standartebis 

Semotanis wesi~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris #2-152 brZaneba (2006 wlis 30 noemberi); 

`pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis Senaxvis, 

transportirebis, realizaciis da gamoyenebis wesebi~ 

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris brZaneba 

#2-211 (2006 wlis 30 noemberi); 

`sursaTSi/cxovelis sakvebSi da garemo obieqtebSi 

pesticidebis da agroqimikatebis narCenebis 

kontrolisaTvis nimuSebis aRebis wesi~ saqarTvelos 

soflis meurneobis ministris 2007 wlis 16 agvistos 

#125 brZaneba; 

`bazarze ganTavsebuli pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis 

kontrolis da nimuSis aRebis wesis~ saqar- 

Tvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2007 wlis 30 

agvistos #131 brZaneba; 

èvrokavSiris da ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa 

da ganviTarebis organizaciis wevr-saxelmwofoebSi 

registrirebuli pesticidebis/agroqimikatebis saqarTveloSi 

registraciisaTvis damatebiTi moTxovnebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis meurenobis mini- 

33


stris 2007 wlis 28 seqtembris brZaneba #131; 

`pesticidebis wvrili dafasoebis organizebis 

wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis ministris #155 brZaneba (2007 wlis 1 

oqtomberi); 

`fitosanitariuli sertifikatis da reeqsportis 

fitosanitaruli sertifikatis formebi~ saqar- 

Tvelos soflis meurenobis ministris 2006 wlis 6 

ivlisis brZaneba #117; 

`niadagis dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni 

(1994 wlis 12 maisi); 

`niadagebis konservaciisa da nayofierebis 

aRdgena-gaumjobesebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni 

(2003 wlis 8 maisi); 

`niadagis konservaciisa da nayofierebis monitoringis 

debuleba~ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis 

ministris brZaneba #2/244 (2005 wlis 19 oqtomberi); 

`niadagebis qimiuri nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis 

saSiSroebis xarisxis Sefaseba~ meToduri miTiTebani 

2.1.7. 004-03, saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa 

da socialuri dacvis ministris brZaneba #38/n 2003 

wlis 24 Tebervali; 

`dasaxlebuli adgilebis niadagis mdgomareobis 

higienuri Sefaseba~ meToduri miTiTebani 2.1.7. 004- 

03, saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri 

dacvis ministris brZaneba #38/n 2003 wlis 24 

Tebervali; 

`niadagis nayofierebis donis gansazRvris debuleba~ 


brZaneba #2-244 (2005 wlis 19 oqtomberi); 

`niadagis eroziisagan dacvis kompleqsur RonisZiebaTa 

rekomendaciebi~ saqarTvelos soflis 

meurneobis ministris 2005 wlis 25 noembris #2-277 

brZaneba; 

`warmoebis toqsikuri narCenebiTa da radioaqtiuri 

nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis Sedegad degradirebuli 

sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebisa da sxva 

miwebis konservaciis Sesaxeb~ debuleba, damtkicebuli 

saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis 

saministros mier, 2005 wlis18 martis #36 

brZanebiT; 

`niadagis nayofieri fenis moxsnis, Senaxvis, gamoyenebisa 

da rekultivaciis Sesaxeb~ debuleba, 

damtkicebuli saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi 

resursebis saministros mier, 2005 wlis 27 

maisis #113 brZanebiT; 

saqarTvelo 2006 wlidan aris `mcenareTa dacvis 

saerTaSoriso konvenciis~ wevri. 

garda amisa, qimiuri nivTierebebis marTvis sferoSi 

saqarTveloSi moqmedebs Semdegi saerTaSoriso 

xelSekrulebebi: 

• `gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis sursaTisa 

da soflis meurneobis organizaciis ( FAO) pesticidebis 

ganawilebisa da gamoyenebis wesebis 

saerTaSoriso kodeqsi~ (saqarTvelos teritoriaze 

moqmedebs `pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-2 muxlis 

safuZvelze); 

• `calkeuli saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebiT da pesticidebiT 

saerTaSoriso vaWrobis sferoSi winaswar 

dasabuTebuli Tanxmobis procedurebis 

Sesaxeb 1998 wlis 10 seqtembris roterdamis konvencia.~ 

saqarTveloSi konvencia ZalaSia 2007 

wlis 30 maisidan; 

• `dedamiwis ozonis Sris dacvis Sesaxeb~ venis 1995 

wlis konvencia da òzondamSlel nivTierebaTa 

Sesaxeb~ 1987 wlis monrealis oqmi. saqarTvelo 

SeuerTda am xelSekrulebebs saqarTvelos ministrTa 

kabinetis 1995 wlis 8 noembris #711 

dadgenilebiT (brommeTilis gamoyenebis SezRudvasTan 

dakavSirebiT); 

• 2001 wlis 23 maisis stokholmis konvencia 

`mdgradi organuli damabinZureblebis Sesaxeb~ 

saqarTvelos parlamentis mier konvencia ratificirebulia 

2006 wlis 11 aprils, amoqmedda 

2007 wlis 2 ianvars; 

• `saxifaTo narCenebis transsasazRvro gadazidvasa 

da maT ganTavsebaze kontrolis Sesaxeb~ 

bazelis 1989 wlis konvencia. saqarTvelo 

SeuerTda saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 

4 maisis #232 brZanebulebiT; 

riskis marTvisa da komunikaciis sammarTvelos 

Seqmna axali midgomaa momxmareblis janmrTelobaze 

safrTxiT gamowveuli arasasurveli 

zegavlenebis Tavidan acilebis an misaReb 

donemde SemcirebisaTvis; 

• sammarTvelo SeimuSavebs da koordinacias uwevs 

sasursaTo produqtebis monitoringis laboratoriuli 

kvlevis erTian programas, arCevs 

riskis marTvis optimalur RonisZiebebs, sursaTis 

moxmarebis Sedegad warmoqmnili riskebis 

Semcirebis, aRmofxvrisa da prevenciis mizniT 

uzrunvelyofs erovnul doneze Setyobinebis 

sistemis efeqtur moqmedebas; 

• sakarantino mavne organizmebis Sesaxeb zogadi 

monacemebis safuZvelze awarmoebs fitosanitaruli 

riskis Semcirebis optimaluri, alternatiuli 

RonisZiebebis SerCevas. 

• uzrunvelyofs qveynebSi arsebuli epizootiuri 

situaciis Sesaxeb informaciis miwodebas 

rogorc qveynis SigniT, aseve cxovelTa janmrTelobis 

dacvis msoflio organizaciaSi 

(OIE). 

samsaxuris struqturuli qvedanayofia registraciisa 

da nebarTvebis sammarTvelo. 

saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2007 wlis 17 dekembris 

#279 dadgenilebiT ganisazRvra `gardamavali periodisaTvis 

saqarTvelos soflis meurenobis saministros 

Sesabamisi struqturebis mier ori saxis nebarTvis 

gacema: 

34

# 111 

biuleteni 

1. veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

produqciis importsa da tranzitze; 

2. fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebul 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importze. 

a) veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

produqciis tranziti (nebarTva gaicema #5.1 cxriliT 

(ix. danarTi) gansazRvruli saxelmwifo veterinarul 

kontrols daqvemdebarebul obieqtebze) ; 

b) veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

produqciis importi (nebarTva gaicema #5.2 cxriliT 

(ix. danarTi) gansazRvrul saxelmwifo veterinarul 

kontrols daqvemdebarebul obieqtebze); 

g) fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importi 

(nebarTva gaicema #5.3 cxriliT (ix. danarTi) gansazRvrul 

saxelmwifo fitosanitarul karantins 

daqvemdebarebul obieqtebze); 

SeniSvna: cxrilSi #5.3 (ix. danarTi) termini 

`gaciebuli~ niSnavs, rom produqtis temperature, 

gayinvis gareSe, daweulia TiTqmis 0 0 C-mde. Tumca 

zogierTi produqti, rogoricaa kartofili, nesvi, 

zogierTi citrusi, SeiZleba CaiTvalos gacivebulad, 

rodesac maTi temperatura daweulia da Senar- 

Cunebulia +10 0 C-is doneze; 

ses esn - sagareo ekonomikuri saqmianobis 

erovnuli sasaqonlo nomenklatura 

im produqcias, romelic ar aris mocemuli 

cxrilebSi, nebarTva ar esaWiroeba. 

veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

produqciaa - yvela saxis cxoveli, cxoveluri warmoSobis 

produqtebi da nedleuli, cxovelTa sakvebi 

(sakvebdanamatebi), veterinariaSi gamosayenebeli biologiuri, 

samkurnalo da sxva qimiur-farmacevtuli 

preparatebi; 

amasTanave cocxali cxovelebis, cxoveluri 

produqtebisa da nedleulis importze dawesebulia 

saimporto pirobebi: kerZod, 2000 wels dsT-s qveynebis 

veterinariis dargSi TanamSrolobis samTavrobaTaSoriso 

sabWos gadawyvetilebiT, damtkicebulia 

veterinarul-sanitariuli moTxovnebi am organizaciis 

wevr qveynebSi cocxali cxovelebis, cxoveluri 

produqtebis, mecxoveleobis nedleulis, 

kvercxis, Taflis, Tevzis da Tevzis produqtebis 

a.S. importisas. 


produqciis tranzitisa da importisaTvis nebarTvis 

misaRebad nebarTvis maZiebelma unda waradginos 

Semdegi sabuTebi: 

1.gancxadeba; 

2.sanebarTvo mosakreblis gadaxdis damadasturebeli 

qviTari; 

3. veterinaruli sertifikati; 

4. amonaweri samewarmeo reestridan; xolo biologiuri 

da samkurnalo preparatebis importisas, 

damatebiT unda waradginos saregistracio mowmoba. 


produqciis importze da tranzitze nebarTva gaicema 

1 Tvis vadiT. 


produqciis eqsportze nebarTvas iZlevian saqalaqo 

da raionuli sammarTveloebi. 


2007 wlis 18 dekembris #201 brZanebis Sesabamisad, 

erTiani veterinaruli sertifikatebi aris rva saxis 

da gaicema: 

1. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebul sakvlev, sanaSene 

da sxva cxovelebze, frinvelze, futkarze da 

nayarze (futkris xelovnurad Seqmnili ojaxi); 

2. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebuli Sinauri da 

gareuli cxovelebis xorcsa da xorcproduqtebze; 

3. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebul rZesa da rZis 

produqtebze; 

4. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebuli cxoveluri 

warmoSobis nedleulze; 

5. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebul sanaSene masalaze 

(mwarmoeblis spermaze, embrionze, sainkubacio 

kvercxze, qviriTze da a.S.); 

6. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebul mecxoveleobisaTvis 

gankuTvnil marcvalsa da memcenareobis sxva 

produqtebze; 

7. saqarTvelodan TurqeTSi gasagzavni ZuZumwovari 

cxovelebis axal da gayinul tyavsa da tyavnedleulze; 

8. saqarTvelodan eqsportirebul Tevzze, zRvis 

produqtebsa da maTgan miRebul nawarmze. 

amave dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, ìm SemTxvevaSi, Tu 

saerTaSoriso epizootiuri biuros mier saqarTvelo 

aRiarebul iqna gansakuTrebiT saSiSi infeqciuri daavadebebis 

mimarT arakeTilsaimedod, saqarTvelos teritoriaze, 

importiori qveynis moTxovnis safuZvelze, 

ekrZaleba veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

Sesabamisi tvirTis tranziti~ (ixileT danarTi, 

cxrili #5.4). 

• fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqcia masala da 

obieqti, romelTa saSualebiTac SesaZlebelia sakarantino 

organizmebis gavrceleba. 

fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importisaTvis 

nebarTvis misaRebad nebarTvis maZiebelma unda waradginos 

Semdegi sabuTebi: 

1. gancxadeba; 

2. sanebarTvo mosakreblis gadaxdis damadasturebeli 

qviTari; 

3. amonaweri samewarmeo reestridan. 

fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli 

mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importisaTvis 

nebarTva gaicema araumetes 6 Tvis vadiT. 

gansakuTrebul SemTxvevebSi Sesabamisi 

RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT samsaxurSi 

Seqmnilia mobiluri reagirebis jgufi, romelic operatiulad 

gadis ra samoqmedo teritoriaze, Seis- 

35


wavlis realurad arsebul situacias, gegmavs gadaudeblad 

gansaxorcielebel ZiriTad RonisZiebebsa 

da qmedebebs, daavadebis keridan iRebs laboratoriuli 

kvlevisaTvis saWiro masalebsa da nimuSebs. 

sakarantino mavne organizmebis qveyanaSi SemoWrisas 

SeimuSavebs gavrcelebis kerebis salikvidacio 

RonisZiebebs. sakarantino zonaSi atarebs Sesabamis 

samuSaoebs da samoqmedo teritoriaze riskis Sesabamisad 

iwyebs riskis marTvis droebiTi zomebis 

gatarebas. 

sayuradReboa, rom 

dReisaTvis saqarTvelos sazRvrebze, sazRvao 

navsadgurebSi, aeroportebSi, saxmeleTo gasasvlelebSi 

da sabaJo gamSveb punqtebis teritoriaze 

saxelmwifo veterinarul da fitosanitarul 

sasazRvro-sakarantino RonisZiebebis kontrols, 

mcenareTa dacvis saerTaSoriso organizaciisa da 

epizootiis saerTaSoriso biuros mier dadgenili 

wesebisa da saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros 

mier gansazRvruli politikis safuZvelze, 

axorcielebs finansTa saministros Semosavlebis 

samsaxuris sabaJo departamenti (29.12.2006. #4263). 

aRniSnuli funqciebi maTi delegirebuli aqvT 2009 

wlis 1 ianvramde saqarTvelos kanonebis ,,veterinariis 

Sesaxeb,~ “mavne organizmebisagan mcenareTa 

dacvis Sesaxeb”, ,,sasoflo-sameurneo karantinis 

Sesaxeb” Tanaxmad (Sesabamisad me-3 da me-8 muxlebi). 

sabaJo samsaxuri axorcielebs importirebul, 

karantins daqvemdebarebuli tvirTebis da satransporto 

saSualebebis sasazRvro zonebSi kameralur 

(dokumentur) Semowmebas da daxedvas, saWiroebis 

SemTxvevaSi laboratoriuli gamocdis Sesabamisad 

gausnebovnebas. 

tvirTis Semowmeba importioris moTxovnis safuZvelze 

xdeba importiorebis xarjebiT, xolo sabaJo 

samsaxuris mier eWvis Setanis SemTxvevaSi - sabaJo 

samsaxuris saxsrebiT; 

dReisaTvis saqarTveloSi importirebuli sursaTis 

kontroli xorcieldeba monitoringiT sacalo 

vaWrobis doneze. kontroli sursaTze xorcieldeba 

saxelmwifo miznobrivi programis farglebSi. 

saqarTvelos kanonis “produqciisa da momsaxureobis 

Sesaxeb” Tanaxmad, sacalo vaWrobis 

obieqtebSi sarealizaciod ganTavsebul sursaTs Tan 

unda axldes sursaTis TiToeul saxeobaze dadgenili 

wesiT gacemuli Sesabamisobis sertifikati an 

Sesabamisobis deklaracia. 

deklaracia unda moicavdes Semdegi saxis informacias: 

• mwarmoeblis saxeli da misamarTi; 

• sasursaTo produqciis saidentifikacio monacemebi 

- dasaxeleba, tipis an modelis nomeri, partia 

da raodenoba; 

• gamoyenebuli standartis an teqnikuri 

reglamentis moTxovnebi da monacemebi etiketze 

ganTavsebuli informaciis Sesaxeb; 

• deklaraciis Sedgenis TariRi; 

• uflebamosili pasuxismgebeli piris xelmowera; 

• mwarmoeblis ganacxadi, Sesabamisobaze pasuxismgeblobis 

Sesaxeb; 

Sesabamisobis deklaracia Sedgenili unda iqnes 

qarTul enaze; 

mwarmoebeli valdebulia Sesabamisobis deklaracia 

Seinaxos aranakleb 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi, 

Tu reglamentiT sxva vada ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli; 

Sesabamisobis deklaracia moTxovnisamebr unda 

waredginos bazris zedamxedvel organos. 

deklaracia unda erTvodes produqcias, Tu 

amas iTvaliswinebs teqnikuri reglamenti. 

reglamentiT dgindeba saqonlis an misi partiis 

Sesabamisobis Sefasebis procedurebi. aRniSnuli 

xorcieldeba Semdegi formebiT: 

• mwarmoeblis mier teqnikuri reglamentis 

moTxovnebTan produqciis Sesabamisobis deklaraciis 

miRebiT; 

• mwarmoeblis mier teqnikuri reglamentis 

moTxovnebTan produqciis Sesabamisobis Sefasebis 

mizniT, produqciis akreditebuli sertifikaciis 

organosaTvis wardgeniT; 

Sesabamisobis Sefaseba nebayoflobiTia, 

garda saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili 

SemTxvevebisa; 

xorcis TiToeul partiaze saWiroa veterinaruli 

mowmoba forma #2. 

Tavi 6. fortificirebuli 

sasursaTo produqtebi 

fortificirebuli sasursaTo produqcia, 

oqsfordis universitetis samedicino enciklopediaSi 

mocemuli ganmartebis Tanaxmad, produqciaa, 

romelsac damatebuli aqvs aucilebeli nutrientebi 

im odenobiT, romelic aRemateba mis bunebriv 

Semcvelobas; aqve mocemulia nutrientis ganmartebac, 

nutrienti - es aris substancia, romelic uzrunvelyofs 

adamianis srulfasovan kvebas da misi 

sicocxlisunarianobis SenarCunebas. analogiur 

ganmartebas iZleva FAO 2 -c. 

sityva `fortifikacia~ xSirad gamoiyeneba `gamdidrebasTan~ 

erTad, Tumca maT gansxvavebuli warmoSoba 

aqvT. termini `gamdidreba~ amerikis kanonmdeblobaSi 

1942 wels iqna SemoRebuli, rodesac 

pirvelad SemuSavda standarti burRuleulis nutrientebiT 

gamdidrebis Sesaxeb. standarti iTvaliswinebda 

burRuleulis gamdidrebas im nutrientebiT, 

romlebic marcvlovanebis teqnologiuri gadamuSavebisas 

ganicdidnen danakargs. `gamdidrebis~ 

teqnologiuri koncefcia ufro farTo konteqstiT 

2 FAO – (Food and Agriculture Organization of the Unoted Nations ) gaer- 

Tianebuli erebis organizaciis sursaTis da soflis meurneobis 

organizacia 

36

# 111 

biuleteni 

gulisxmobs im nutrientebis damatebasac, romlebic 

ama Tu im sasursaTo produqciaSi bunebrivad ar 

moipoveba. amdenad, dReisaTvis es ori termini erTnairi 

mniSvnelobiT gamoiyeneba. Tumca, garda am 

ganmartebebisa, zogierTi qveynis kanonmdeblobaSi 

gamoiyeneba iseTi terminebic, rogoricaa: 

àRdgena~, romelic gulisxmobs nutrientebis 

damatebas im odenobiT, romelic bunebriv pirobebSi 

sursaTis SemadgenlobaSia; 

`standartizacia~ - gulisxmobs nutrientebis 

standartuli donis Sesabamisi odenobiT damatebas; 

`danamatebi~ - iseTi nutrientebis damatebas, 

romelic bunebriv pirobebSi mcire raodenobiT, an 

saerTod ar Sedis sasursaTo produqciis SemadgenlobaSi. 

6.1 fortificirebis istoria 

sasursaTo produqtebis fortificirebas didi 

xnis istoria aqvs. jer kidev Cvens welTaRricxvamde 

400 wels, bizantieli eqimi melanpusi meomari jariskacebis 

Zalebis aRdgenisaTvis RvinoSi rkinis 

naqlibis damatebas sTavazobda xelisufalT. Cv.w. 

aR-mde 800 wels, CineTis imperator Sen-nunis miTi- 

TebiT, wyalmcenareebi farTod gamoiyeneboda sakvebad 

Ciyvis profilaqtikisaTvis. 1825 wels, frangi 

agronomi Jan-batist busilgoti iyo pirveli, romelmac 

kolumbiis xelisuflebas SesTavaza tvinis 

daavadebebis profilaqtikisaTvis iodi daematebinaT 

sufris marilSi; mogvianebiT, 1833 wels man 

daarwmuna xelisufleba, rom iodis damateba xels 

uSlida Ciyvis warmoqmnas. 

XX saukuneSi 1918-1944 w.w. gansakuTrebuli periodi 

iyo sursaTis fortifikaciis istoriaSi. daniaSi, 

pirveli msoflio omis dros, adgili hqonda 

A vitaminis deficits; amitomac 1918 wels margarini 

gaamdidres am vitaminiT. D vitamini daamates rZesa 

da rZis produqtebSi, vitaminebi B 1 

da B 2 

, niacini 

da rkina - fqvilsa da purSi. purisa da fqvilis 

nebayoflobiTi fortificireba foliumis mJaviT 

rekomendebuli iqna aSS-sa da did britaneTSi. zogierT 

qveyanaSi, maT Soris aSS-Si, didi britaneTsa 

da yofil ssrk-Si, sxvadasxva wlebis kanonmdeblobiT 

dadginda rkinis, sxvadasxva mikroelementebis, 

aminomJavebis, soios fqvilis, gogris Teslis, iodis, 

kalciumis, TuTiis damateba fqvilSi. 

1992 wlis dekemberSi, WHO/FAO saerTaSoriso 

konferenciaze, romelic exeboda mosaxleobis kvebis 

sakiTxebs (ICN), msoflios 159-ma qveyanam xeli 

moawera saerTaSoriso sasursaTo deklaracias, sadac 

ganisazRvra ioddeficitis, A vitaminis, rkinisa 

da sxva mikronutrientebis deficitis aRmofxvrisa- 

Tvis gasatarebeli pirveladi RonisZiebebi, SemuSavda 

sasursaTo produqciis fortificirebis strategiac. 

Tumca jer kidev 1987 wels Codex Alimentarius 

Comision-is mier SemuSavda sasursaTo produqciis 

fortifikaciis ZiriTadi principebi (CAC/GL 07-1987, 

cvlilebebi 1989,1991), romlebic gansazRvraven: 

• sursaTSi nutrientebis damatebis mizniT normatiuli 

aqtebis SemuSavebisaTvis rekomendaciebs; 

• racionaluri fortifikaciisaTvis erTian principebs 

da fortificirebuli sasursaTo produqciiT 

saerTaSoriso vaWrobis xelSewyobas. 

6.2 fortificireba evrokavSirSi 

6.2.1 fortificirebis zogadi principebi 

evrokanonmdeblobis mixedviT sursaTis fortifikacia 

aris an nebayoflobiTi, ramdenadac zogierTi 

sasursaTo produqtis fortificireba er- 

Tgvar upiratesobas warmoadgens misi realizaciis 

dros, gansakuTrebiT ki im qveynebSi, sadac mosaxleoba 

gaTviTcnobierebulia nutrientebis ùpiratesobaSi~, 

an aucilebeli, romelic efuZneba erovnul 

kanonmdeblobas. evrokavSiris sxvadasxva qveynis kanonmdeblobebiT, 

nebayoflobiTi fortificirebisadmi 

moTxovnebi gansxvavebulia. zogierT qveyanaSi 

daSvebulia nebismieri sasursaTo produqciis fortificireba 

nebismieri nutrientiT, Tu igi ar warmoqmnis 

risks adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis. zogan 

nebadarTulia fortifikacia mxolod im SemTxveva- 

Si, Tu dasabuTebuli iqneba misi kvebiTi aucilebloba. 

zogierTi qveynis kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, 

fortificireba daSvebulia winaswar dadgenili da 

damtkicebuli nusxis mixedviT, Tumca aucilebelia 

dadgindes maTi maqsimalurad dasaSvebi done. yvela 

qveynis kanonmdeblobisaTvis saerToa moTxovna fortificirebuli 

sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb! 

fortificirebuli sasursaTo produqtebis mimarT 

gansxvavebuli erovnuli kanonmdeblobis arsebobis 

gamo, evrokavSirSi Seiqmna araTanabari pirobebi 

konkurenciisaTvis, winaaRmdegobebi da barierebi 

sursaTis bazarze ganTavsebasa da Tavisuflad 

gadaadgilebaSi; TavisTavad aucilebeli gaxda er- 

Tiani erovnuli kanonmdeblobis miReba, romelic 

uzrunvelyofda: 

• sasursaTo produqciis Tavisufali gadaadgilebis 

gazrdas; 

• momxmarebelTa janmrTelobis dacvas fortificirebul 

sursaTTan dakavSirebuli riskebis 

Tavidan acilebis an minimumamde Semcirebis 

gziT; 

• fortificirebuli sursaTis samarTlebrivi 

regulirebis mdgradobas; 

• samarTliani konkurenciis garantias. 

sursaTis fortifikaciis erTian kanonmdeblobasTan 

dakavSirebiT Sesabamisi diskusiebi daiwyo 

1997 wels, rodesac SemuSavda direqtivebi `biologiurad 

aqtiur nivTierebebze~; sursaTis uvneblobis 

`TeTr wignSi~, romelic damtkicda 2000 wlis 

12 ianvars, mocemulia sursaTis uvneblobisadmi Tanamedrove 

aqtiuri politikis safuZvlebi; `TeTri 

wignis~ 61-e muxli gansazRvravs fortificirebuli 

sasursaTo produqtebis regulirebisaTvis evrokav- 

37


SirSi erTiani direqtivebis miRebis aucileblobas. 

swored es gadawyvetileba daedo safuZvlad 

Sesabamisi EC 1925/2006 dadgenilebis miRebas, `mo- 

Txovnebi sasursaTo produqciis fortificirebisadmi~, 

romelic ZalaSi Sevida 2007 wlis 19 ianvars. am 

dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, evrokavSiris wevr qveynebSi 

ar icvleba erovnuli kanonmdebloba, ramdenadac 

regionuri da mosaxleobis kvebis Taviseburebebidan 

gamomdinare, TiToeuli wevri saxelmwifo Tavad 

gansazRvravs fortificirebas daqvemdebarebuli 

sasursaTo produqciis nusxas, Tumca dadgenileba 

mkacrad gansazRvravs fortifikantebis nusxas da 

maT maqsimalurad dasaSveb normebs. 

dadgenilebis me-11 muxlis Tanaxmad, wevri qveynebi 

valdebulni arian evrokomisiaSi waradginon 

moqmedi erovnuli kanonmdebloba da im sasursaTo 

produqtebis CamonaTvali, romelic eqvemdebareba 

fortificirebas. 

dadginda aseve, rom aucilebeli fortificireba 

Catardeba Semdegi faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT: 

• erTi an ramdenime nutrientis nakleboba realur 

problemebs uqmnis adamianTa janmrTelobas; 

• fortificirebul sursaTs moixmars mosaxleobis 

mniSvnelovani raodenoba, maT Soris miznobrivi 

jgufebi; 

• nutrientebi fiziologiurad arsebuli danamatebia; 

• nutrientebis damateba ar iwvevs toqsikur efeqts 

da ar cvlis sasursaTo produqciis maxasiaTeblebs; 

• fortifikaciis programis Sesruleba da realizacia 

qveyanaSi Sesrulebadia. 

amdenad, aRniSnuli dadgenileba evrokavSirSi 

nebayoflobiTi fortifikaciis sakiTxebis harmonizacias 

axdens da gansazRvravs wevr qveynebSi vitaminebisa 

da mineraluri nivTierebebis damatebis 

mizezebs. es mizezebia: 

Tu mosaxleobis gansazRvrul socialur jgufebSi 

erTi an ramdenime vitaminisa da mineraluri 

nivTierebebis deficiti aRmoCenilia 

klinikuri gamokvlevebisa da dakvirvebebis Sedegad; 

mosaxleobis kvebiTi Taviseburebebis Secvlis 

gamo, arsebobs Sesabamisi potenciali maTi kvebiTi 

statusis gasaumjobeseblad, romelic 

miiRweva vitaminebisa da mikroelementebis koreqtirebis 

gziT; 

adamianis janmrTelobaze vitaminebisa da mineraluri 

nivTierebebis zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb samecniero 

monacemebis ganviTareba da srulyofa. 

EC 1925/2006 dadgenileba exeba: 

• vitaminebsa da mineralur nivTierebebs, romlebic 

nebayoflobiT emateba sasursaTo produqtebs; 

• damatebiT kompoziciur substanciebs, romel- 

Ta damateba aseve nebayoflobiTia; 

• vitaminebsa da mineralebs, romelic emateba: 

a. specdaniSnulebis sakveb produqtebs; 

b. axal sasursaTo produqtebs, romlebic aqamde 

ar iyo cnobili; 

g. genmodificirebul produqtebs; 

d. sakvebdanamatebsa da aromatizatorebs; 

e. meRvineobis produqtebs, romlebic nebadar- 

Tulia fortifikaciisaTvis. 

aRniSnuli dadgenilebis Tanaxmad, nebadarTulia 

mxolod im mineraluri nivTierebebiTa da vitaminebiT 

fortificireba, romelTa uvnebloba gansazRvrulia 

riskis analizis safuZvelze. dadgenilebaSi 

mocemulia am nutrientebis nusxa. aseve calsaxad 

gansazRvrulia, rom es nivTierebebi mxolod 

biologiuri warmoSobis unda iyos da ar unda iyos 

miRebuli sinTezuri gziT. mocemulia is mcenareebi 

da nivTierebebi, saidanac SesaZlebelia fortifikantebis 

miReba. 

dadgenilebas Semoaqvs akrZalvebi fortificirebaze. 

kerZod: 

fortifikantebis damateba akrZalulia nedli 

(gadaumuSavebeli) sursaTisaTvis; xili, bostneuli, 

xorci (Sinauri frinvelisa da Tevzis CaTvliT); 

Rvinosa da im sasmelebisaTvis, romelSic alkoholis 

Semcveloba aRemateba 1,2%-s; gamonaklisia 

mxolod zogierTi tradiciuli Rvino, sadac normatiuli 

dokumentaciiT gansazRvrulia zogierTi 

vitaminisa da mineraluri nivTierebis damateba, romelTa 

gareSe maTi warmoeba da realizacia dauSvebelia 

(magaliTad, matonizirebeli Rvinoebi); 

garda amisa, sasursaTo produqciis fortificirebis 

aucilebeli pirobaa `sisufTavis kriteriumebis~ 

dacva, romelic SesabamisobaSi iqneba “ Codex 

alimentarius’-is moTxovnebTan, mineraluri nivTierebebisa 

da vitaminebis maqsimaluri da minimaluri dasaSvebi 

doneebi, romlebic SemuSavdeba riskis analizis 

safuZvelze da romelTa gamoyeneba safrTxes ar 

Seuqmnis adamianTa janmrTelobasa da sicocxles. 

evrokomisiaSi dReisaTvis mimdinareobs am normebis 

SemuSaveba, romelic komisias unda waredginos 

2009 wlis 19 ianvrisaTvis. am kriteriumebis dadgenisas 

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas Semdegi saxis 

informacia: 

• mosaxleobis sxvadasxva jgufis mgrZnobeloba, 

vitaminebisa da mineraluri nivTierebebis moxmarebis 

uvnebloba; 

• vitaminebisa da mineraluri nivTierebebis sxva 

sasursaTo produqtebidan miRebis SesaZlebloba. 

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac maTi moxmareba 

axlosaa uvneblobis zeda zRvarTan, dasaSvebia 

mxolod nebayoflobiT gansazRvruli raodenobis 

nutrientebis damateba. mxolod aseT Se- 

38

# 111 

biuleteni 

mTxvevaSi iqneba ganxiluli komisiis mier romeli 

nutrienti ra raodenobiTaa dasaSvebi; 

• calkeuli sasursaTo produqtebis moxmarebis 

raodenoba kvebis saerTo sistemaSi, mosaxleobis 

calkeuli jgufebis mixedviT; 

• sasursaTo produqciaSi nutrientebis Semcvelobis 

aRniSvnis normebi, romelic mocemulia 

EC 1924/2006 direqtivaSi, mosaxleobis kvebisa 

da sasursaTo produqtebis kvebiTi Rirebulebis 

sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. 

mas Semdeg, rac dadgindeba nutrientebis maqsimaluri 

dasaSvebi odenoba, is Setanili iqneba 

evrokavSiris reestrSi. 

rac Seexeba moTxovnebs nutrientebis minimaluri 

odenobis mimarT, igi dadgenilebis me-6 muxliTaa 

gansazRvruli, romelic ganmartavs, rom 

nutrientebis minimaluri donis Semcveloba aucilebelia 

fortificirebisas, sxva SemTxvevaSi etiketireba 

SecdomaSi Seiyvans momxmarebels. nutrientebis 

minimaluri Semcveloba ganisazRvreba Sesabamisi 

sasursaTo produqtebis teqnikur-normatiul 

dokumentaciiT. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom sasursaTo produqtebSi mineraluri 

nivTierebebisa da vitaminebis minimaluri da 

maqsimaluri mniSvnelobebi unda ganisazRvros maTi 

absoluturi Semcvelobis mixedviT, rac gulisxmobs 

rogorc maT bunebriv Semcvelobas, ise maT xelovnurad 

damatebas. 

da bolos, dadgenilebis me-10 muxlis Tanaxmad, 

dauSvebelia evrokavSiris qveynebSi fortificirebuli 

sasursaTo produqciis Tavisufali moZraobis 

kanonmdeblobiT SezRudvebis dadgena. Tumca 

gaTvaliswinebulia zogierTi SemTxvevisaTvis sasursaTo 

produqciis uvneblobis uzrunvelyofis 

mizniT garkveuli SezRudvebis daweseba. Tu wevri 

qveyana droebiT aCerebs aseTi produqciis mimoqcevas, 

saWiroa komisias waredginos informacia dasabuTebuli 

uariT. 

evrokavSiris qveyanaSi warmoebuli produqcia, Tu 

is safrTxes ar warmoadgens mosaxleobisaTvis, procedurebi 

ufro srulyofili gaxda. 

dReisaTvis moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT, fortificirebuli 

sasursaTo produqtebis realizaciisa- 

Tvis nebarTvis misaRebad saWiroa ganacxadis, dosiesa 

da dokumentaciis wardgena samsaxurSi. aseTi 

produqcia bazarze ganTavsdeba mxolod aucilebeli 

dokumentaciis daniur enaze wardgenisa da riskis 

analizis safuZvelze. Tu fortificirebuli sursa- 

Tis riskis analizi ganxorcielda evrokavSiris sxva 

romelime qveyanaSi, maSin sakmarisia mxolod daniur 

enaze wardgenili dokumentacia, romlis ganxilvis 

vada ar aRemateba 3 Tves. 

dadebiTad Sefasebuli nutrientebi Setanilia 

e.w. `TeTr siaSi~, romelic SemuSavebulia aRniSnuli 

samsaxuris mier. 

kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrulia aucilebel 

fortifikacias daqvemdebarebuli sasursaTo produqtebi. 

esenia iodirebuli marili da vitamini -Ti 

fortificirebuli margarini. 

niderlandebi 

sasursaTo produqtebis warmoeba da realizacia 

niderlandebSi regulirdeba momxmarebelTa 

uflebebis dacvis aqtiT (“Warenwet”), romlis Tanaxmadac 

Sesabamisi organo uflebamosilia moaxdinos 

safrTxis Semcveli sasursaTo produqciis realizaciis, 

reklamis, gadamuSavebis akrZalva. 1996 

wels miRebuli iqna ministris brZaneba, sasursaTo 

produqtebSi mikroelementebis damatebis Sesaxeb 

(TML); am brZanebiT gansazRvrulia calkeuli wesebi 

burRuleulis, bavSvTa kvebis, dieturi kvebisa da 

specdaniSnulebis sasursaTo produqciisaTvis. am 

wesebis farglebSi dadgenilia fortifikaciis saki- 

Txic. kanonmdeblobas Semoaqvs cneba `sasursaTo 

produqciis Semcvleli~, sadac igulisxmeba fortificirebuli 

sursaTi, romelic: 

6.2.2. sasursaTo produqtebis fortificirebispraqtika 

evrokavSiris zogierT qveyanaSi 

dania 

daniaSi raime konkretuli sakanonmdeblo normatiuli 

dokumenti sasursaTo produqtebis fortificirebisaTvis 

2003 wlamde ar arsebobda. 2003 

wlamde qveyanaSi sursaTis uvneblobis administraciuli 

organo, daniis veterinariisa da kvebis produqtebis 

samsaxuri, ar iZleoda nebarTvebs sursa- 

Tis fortificirebisaTvis, Tu ar arsebobda mecnierulad 

dasabuTebuli aucilebloba, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom es produqcia kanonierad iyo warmoebuli 

evrokavSiris qveyanaSi. 2003 wlidan, mas Semdeg rac 

evrokavSiris sasamarTloSi ganxiluli iqna sakiTxi 

imis Sesaxeb, rom dania arRvevda evrokavSiris Seqmnis 

xelSekrulebis 28-30-e punqtebs, romlis Tanaxmadac 

wevr-saxelmwifos ara aqvs ufleba akrZalos 

• gamiznulia analogiuri sasursaTo produqciis 

SecvlisaTvis da romelic Tavisi garegnuli 

formiT, SemadgenlobiT, feriT, suniT da gemoTi 

identuria, da 

• romelSic damatebulia erTi an ramdenime mikroelementi 

iseTi TanafardobiT, romelic ar 

aRemateba mis bunebriv Semcvelobas. 

fortificirebulad ar miiCneva sasursaTo 

produqcia, romelSic erTi an ramdenime nutrienti 

emateba teqnologiuri danakargebis mizezebis gamo. 

garda amisa, nutrientebis damateba dasaSvebia 

mxolod im odenobiT, rom garantirebuli iqneba 

àseTi produqciis yoveldRiuri moxmarebis aucileblobis 

uvnebloba~, xolo produqcia 100%-dan 

15%-mde nutrients Seicavs. nutrientebis minimalur 

Semcvelobas SecdomaSi ar unda Sehyavdes momxmarebeli, 

xolo maqsimaluri raodenoba uaryofiTad ar 

unda moqmedebdes adamianis janmrTelobaze. 

39


TML brZanebiT akrZalulia 6 saxis nutrienti. 

esenia: vitamini A (reTinolis saxiT), vitamini D, foliumis 

mJava, seleni, spilenZi, TuTia. 

dReisaTvis mimdinareobs profilaqtikis aqtiuri 

politika. es gansakuTrebiT exeba spredebis 3 

fortificirebas, iodirebas, rac dasaSvebia sufris 

mwarmoebeli, romelic gadawyvets ama Tu im sasursaTo 

produqtis fortificirebas, aucileblad 

saWiroebs fineTis sursaTis uvneblobis biuros 

specialur nebarTvas. gansazRvrulia is sasursaTo 

produqtebic, romelTa fortificirebac specialur 

nebarTvas ar saWiroeben (cxrili #6.1). 

espaneTSi sursaTis fortificirebis sakiTxebi 

regulirdeba “Codex alimentarius” - saxelmZRvanesasursaTo 

produqti 

sasursaTo produqtebi, romelTa fortificireba 

specialur nebarTvas ar saWiroebs 

vitamini C 

nutrienti 

25 - 60 mg 

xilis wvenebi 

kalciumi 

120 mg 

xilis deserti vitamini C 25 - 60 mg 

tomatis fxvnili 


25 - 60 mg 

(kartofilis piuresaTvis) 

Saqaryinuli da 


50 - 500 mg 

saReWi rezini 

Tiamini 

1 - 1,4 mg 

riboflavini 

1 - 1,8 mg 

mza sauzme - burRuleuli rkina 

6,5 mg 

marili iodi 2,5 mg 

koncentracia 

100 g-ze 

vitamini A 

500 -100 mg RE 

margarini (spredi) 

beta-karotini 

500 - 100 mg RE 

vitamini D 

10 mg 

rZe da naRebis karaqi vitamini D 0,5 mg 

rZe laqtozis gareSe, 

vitamini D 

0,5 mg 

sasmelebi soios safuZvelze kalciumi 

120 mg 

cxrili #6.1 

marilis, purisa da burRuleulis, aseve xorcproduqtebis 

fortifikaciisaTvis. 

fineTi 

sursaTis fortificirebisa da gamdidrebis 

regulireba xorcieldeba vaWrobisa da industriis 

ministris aqtis safuZvelze, romelic gansazRvravs 

`fortificirebisa~ da `gamdidrebis~ cnebebs. 

fortificireba - es aris nutrientebis damateba 

sasursaTo produqtebsa da sasmelebSi, xolo gamdidreba 

es aris vitaminebisa da mineralebis aRdgena, 

romelTa dakargva moxda gadamuSavebis, teqnologiuri 

ciklis sxvadasxva etapze. 

qveyanaSi ar arsebobs savaldebulo fortificirebis 

Sesaxeb normatiuli dokumenti, Tumca 

3 Spread - (ingl.) purze advilad wasasmeli rbili cximi, Sedgeba 

mcenareuli da cxoveluri cximebisagan. misi cximSemcveoba ar 

unda iyos 39%-ze naklebi; 

italia 

italiaSi raime konkretuli sakanonmdeblo 

normatiuli dokumenti sasursaTo produqtebis 

fortificirebisaTvis ar arsebobs. sursaTi unda 

akmayofilebdes evrokanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrul 

uvneblobis moTxovnebsa da italiis kanonmdeblobiT 

dadgenil normebs. Tumca jandacvis saministros 

SemuSavebuli aqvs instruqcia gamdidrebuli 

sasursaTo produqciis warmoebisa da realizaciis 

Sesaxeb. gamoqveynebulia aseve mcenareebisa da mcenareTa 

eqstraqtebis `TeTri~ da `Savi~ siebi, romelTa 

gamoyeneba fortifikaciis mizniT safrTxes 

warmoadgens an ar warmoadgens sursaTis uvneblobisaTvis. 

espaneTi 

40

# 111 

biuleteni 

cxrili #6.3 

marilis sayovelTao iodirebis situacia evrokavSiris zogierT qveyanaSi 

qveyana 

sakanonmdeblo 

politika 

ioddanamati 

iodSemcveloba 

mg/kg 

albaneTi aucilebeli KI, 25 

avstria nebayoflobiTi KI, KIO 3 

15-20 

belgia nebayoflobiTi KI,KIO 3 

, NaI 6-45 

bulgareTi aucilebeli KIO 3 

22-28 

bosnia aucilebeli KI 5-15 

germania nebayoflobiTi NaI 15 

dania aucilebeli KI 8-13 

didi britaneTi nebayoflobiTi KI 10-22 

espaneTi nebayoflobiTi KI, KIO 3 

60 

TurqeTi aucilebeli KIO 3 

20-40 

italia nebayoflobiTi KI, KIO 3 

30 

irlandia nebayoflobiTi KI 15 

litva nebayoflobiTi KI, KIO 3 

10-40 

luqsemburgi nebayoflobiTi NaI KIO 3 

10-25 

makedonia aucilebeli KIO 3 

20-30 

niderlandebi nebayoflobiTi KI,KIO 3 

, NaI 20-50 

norvegia nebayoflobiTi KI 5 

portugalia nebayoflobiTi KI 11 

poloneTi aucilebeli KI, KIO 3 

20-40 

rumineTi aucilebeli KIO 3 

15-25 

safrangeTi nebayoflobiTi KI 20 

saberZneTi nebayoflobiTi KI 50 

slovakeTi aucilebeli KI 15-35 

ungreTi aucilebeli KIO 3 

15 

xorvatia aucilebeli KI, KIO 3 

25 

lo principebis moTxovnebis safuZvelze, romelSic 

gansazRvrulia `nutrientebis~ cneba. nutrientebi 

es nivTierebebia romlebsac sxvadasxva sasursaTo 

produqtebi Seicaven da romlebic sasargebloa nivTierebaTa 

bunebrivi cvlisaTvis. isini warmoadgenen 

proteinebs, naxSirwylebs, cximebs, vitaminebs, 

mineralur nivTierebebsa da wyals. 

kodeqsi adgens akrZalvebs sasursaTo produqtebis 

gamdidrebasTan dakavSirebiT: 

• Terapiuli doziT nutrientebis gamoyeneba; 

• akrZaluli danamatebis gamoyeneba; 

• daSvebul zRvarze meti odenobiT nutrientebis 

gamoyeneba. 

garda zogadi wesebisa, SemuSavebulia aseve 

gansakuTrebuli wesebi specialuri daniSnulebis 

sasursaTo produqciisaTvis. 

portugalia 

iseve rogorc italiaSi, portugaliaSic raime 

konkretuli sakanonmdeblo normatiuli dokumenti 

sasursaTo produqtebis fortificirebisaTvis 

ar arsebobs. bazarze ganTavsebuli sursaTi unda 

akmayofilebdes evrokanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrul 

uvneblobis moTxovnebs. ar aris gansazRvruli vitaminebisa 

da mineraluri nivTierebebis minimaluri 

da maqsimalurad dasaSvebi doneebi. Tumca kanonmdeblobiT 

gansazRvrulia im nivTierebaTa nusxa da 

maTi `sisufTavis~ kriteriumebi, romelTa damateba nebadarTulia 

specialuri daniSnulebis sursaTisaTvis. 

CexeTis respublika 

vitaminebisa da mineraluri nivTierebebis maqsimalurad 

dasaSvebi doneebi CexeTis respublikaSi 

regulirdeba #110/1997 aqtiT, romelic exeba 

41


sursaTsa da Tambaqos nawarms. es `zRvruli mniSvneloba~ 

dadgenilia saerTaSoriso organizaciebis samecniero 

rekomendaciebis safuZvelze da nebarTvas 

iZleva samkurnalo saSualebebis kontrolis saxelmwifo 

instituti. 

aRniSnuli aqti aseve adgens sursaTis fortifikacias 

biologiurad aqtiuri danamatebiT, romelic 

mocemulia EC 1925/2006 dadgenilebaSi. 

didi britaneTi 

did britaneTSi sursaTis uvneblobis uzrunvelyofis 

sakanonmdeblo aqti miRebuli iqna 1999 

wels. sasursaTo standartebis saagento warmoadgens 

uflebamosil organos am sferoSi politikuri 

gadawyvetilebebis miRebisaTvis, xolo kanonmdeblobis 

realizacias axorcieleben xelisuflebis 

adgilobrivi organoebi. kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrulia 

fqvilisa da margarinis savaldebulo fortifikacia. 

gansazRvrulia fortifikaciis normebi. 

kerZod, 100 g margarini unda Seicavdes aranakleb 

800 mg da araumetes 1000 mg vitamin A-s, da aranakleb 

7,05 mg da araumetes 8,82 mg vitamin D-s. dauSvebelia 

bazarze ganTavsdes margarini, romelic ar 

akmayofilebs fortifikaciisaTvis dadgenil mo- 

Txovnebs. 

purisa da fqvilis fortificirebisaTvis gansazRvrulia 

naxSirmJava kalciumi, rkina, Tiamini 

(vitamini B 1 

), nikotinis mJava, nikotinamidi. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom dadgenilebiT gansazRvrulia 

purSi, fqvilsa da margarinSi gamosayenebeli 

fortifikantebi, nebadarTulia nebayoflobiT 

sxva nutrientebis damatebac, romelic unda akmayofilebdes 

sursaTis uvneblobis zogad principebs. 

zogierT qveyanaSi fqvilisa da burRuleulis 

fortificirebis normebi da misi regulirebis safuZvlebi 

mocemulia cxrilSi #6.2 (ix. danarTi). 

fortificirebuli sasursaTo produqtebidan 

gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania iodirebuli marili, 

romlis samarTlebrivi regulireba evrokavSiris 

zogierT qveyanaSi mocemulia cxrilSi #6.3 (ix. danarTi). 

cxrilSi #6.4 (ix. danarTi) mocemulia cximebis 

fortificirebis normebi da Sesabamisi fortifikantebi 

sxvadasxva qveyanaSi. 

6.3 fortificirebis politika saqarTveloSi 

cxrili #6.5 

iodis Semcveloba 100 g nedl produqtSi 

saqarTveloSi pirveli saxelmwifo standarti 

fortificirebuli sursaTis, kerZod, iodirebuli 

marilis Sesaxeb - `marili sufris iodirebuli sst 

19-98~ SemuSavda 1998 wels; standartis SemuSavebis 

winapiroba iyo qveynis masStabiT 1995-1998 w.w. jandacvis 

msoflio organizaciisa da gaeros bavSvTa 

fondis (UNICEF) xelSewyobiT ganxorcielebuli 

epidemiologiuri kvlevebi, romliTac dadginda endemuri 

Ciyvis maRali sixSiris maCvenebeli. 

aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, qveyanaSi SemuSavda 

iodis deficitiT gamowveul daavadebaTa proproduqti 

raodenoba (mkg) 

rZe 3,29-5,1 

araJani 13,22 

xaWo 12,6 

yveli 25,9 

karaqi 5,81 

kurdRlis xorci 5,0 

xbos xorci 2,7 

kvercxi 9,75 

cxvris xorci 2,7 

Zroxis xorci 7,2 

Zroxis RviZli 6,3 

Roris xorci 6,6 

soio 8,2 

wiwibura 2,67 

Svria 0,9 

xorblis puri 9,44 

Wvavis puri 7,4 

xorblis fqvili 1,7 

funTuSa 17,88 

batoni 0-9 

orcxobila 11,8 

Tevzi 5,28 

gayinuli kambala 60,0 

qaSayi 77,2 

zRvis kombosto 5,3 

RviZli 136,0 

Roris qoni 12,6 

Tevzis qoni 50-60 

zRvis cxovelebi 70-2400 

cxvris xorci 2,9 

yava 8,1 

kakao 8,0 

limoni 0,6 

alubali 2,88 

vaSli 2,99 

nesvi 2,0 

gogra 1,0 

gargari 1,0 

atami 2,0 

forToxali 2,0 

yurZnis wveni 6,0 

nuSi 2,0 

kakali 3,1 

Tafli 2,0 

Saqari 16,4 

42

# 111 

biuleteni 

filaqtikis saxelmwifo programa, romlis mizanic 

iyo kompleqsuri RonisZiebebis gatarebiT ioddeficitur 

daavadebaTa minimumamde dayvana. erT-erTi 

aseTi RonisZiebaa iodirebuli marilis gamoyenebiT 

qveynis mosaxleobis masobrivi profilaqtika. 

6.3.1 iodis mimoqceva bunebaSi da ioddeficituri 

daavadebani 

sxva mikroelementebisagan gansxvavebiT, iodi 

(berZnulad iodes-iodeides - iisferi) ufro naklebad 

gvxvdeba bunebaSi da amitom biosferoSi misi deficiti 

bunebrivi procesia. iodi zRvis wyalmcenareebis 

mineralizaciis Sedegad iqna aRmoCenili 1811 

wels, frangi qimikosis b. kurtuas mier. dedamiwis 

qerqSi iodis saSualo Semcveloba masis 4,10%-ia. 

dedamiwis formirebisas es elementi Tavdapirvelad 

Tanabrad iyo ganawilebuli xmeleTsa da wyalSi. Semdgom, 

milioni wlebis ganmavlobaSi, myinvarebisa da 

Tovlis safaris dnobis, wyaldidobebis, niadagis 

eroziis da sxva biogenuri migraciuli procesebis 

Sedegad, iodi didi raodenobiT gamoirecxa niadagidan 

da wyalSi gadanawilda. 

biosferoSi iodis ZiriTad rezervuars msoflio 

okeane warmoadgens, romlis 1 litri saSualod 

5-10 g iods Seicavs. amitomac, okeaneebisa da 

zRvis produqtebi gansakuTrebiT mdidaria iodiT. 

Cveulebriv temperaturaze iodi orTqldeba. msoflio 

okeanis zedapiridan iodis aorTqleba xels 

uwyobs am mikroelementis didi raodenobiT moxvedras 

zRvasTan mimdebare teritoriaze, sadac advilad 

absorbirdeba niadagis organuli nivTierebebiT 

da zRvis lamiT. am fenebis gamkvrivebisas xdeba 

iodis desorbcia, ris Sedegadac iodis nawili gadadis 

miwisqveSa wylebSi. okeaneebisa da zRvebisagan 

daSorebul mTian regionebSi iodis raodenoba klebulobs 

rogorc atmosferoSi, ise niadagSi. es ki 

iwvevs ioddeficituri daavadebebis warmoSobas. 

adamianis organizmSi iodis erTaderTi fiziologiuri 

daniSnulebaa Tireoidul hormonTa biosinTezSi 

monawileoba. iodi da aminomJava Tirozini 

mTavari da aucilebeli nivTierebebia Tireoidul 

hormonTa sinTezisaTvis. 

iodi organizmSi ZiriTadad egzogenuri gziT 

xvdeba, 90% - sakvebiT, 4,2% - wyliT, 4,8% - haeriT. 

100 g sasursaTo nedleulSi iodis Semcveloba 0,44- 

dan 2400 mkg-mde meryeobs (cxrili #6.5). 

Senaxvis pirobebis darRvevisas da kulinaruli 

damuSavebisas iodis mniSvnelovani nawili ikargeba 

(20-45%). 

sakvebisa da wylis saSualebiT organizmSi moxvedrili 

iodis udidesi nawili iSleba da wvrili 

nawlavebidan Seiwoveba sisxlSi. Sewovis siCqare 

iodSemcveli naerTebis bunebazea damokidebuli. 

gacilebiT swrafad da srulad Seiwoveba iodis 

araorganuli naerTebi. sisxlSi moxvedrili iodi 

nawildeba eriTrocitebsa da plazmas Soris. am dros 

aqtiuria iodis dadebiTi ioni. sisxlSi moxvedrili 

iodi swrafad gadaadgildeba farisebr jirkvalSi, 

sadac misi raodenoba stabiluria da Seadgens 15 

mg-s. farisebr jirkvalSi akumulirdeba organizm- 

Si arsebuli iodis 90%, Tumca misi masa mTeli sxeulis 

masis mxolod 0,03%-s Seadgens. Tireoidul 

jirkvalSi iodis Semcveloba aRemateba sisxlSi iodis 

Semcvelobas. 

farisebr jirkvalSi akumulirebuli iodi 

xmardeba Tireoidul hormonTa sinTezs, romelTac 

udidesi mniSvneloba aqvT adamianisaTvis mTeli sicocxlis 

ganmavlobaSi. maTi biologiuri moqmedeba 

cxrili #6.6 

farisebri jirkvlis hormonTa ukmarisobis gavlena adamianis organizmze 

fsiqomotoruli statusi 

mTliani organizmi 

gul-sisxlZarRvTa sistema 

zemoqmedeba hipoTireozi 

gonebrivi ganviTarebis CamorCena, 

fsiqikuri da fizikuri moduneba, apaTia, 

Zilianoba, refleqsebis Seyovneba, sicivis 

autanloba 

fizikuri ganviTarebisa da Zvlovani 

sistemis diferencirebis Seferxeba, 

metabolizmis daqveiTeba, miqsedema, 

kretinizmi, hiperqolesterinemia 

arteriuli wnevis daqveiTeba, 

wuTmoculobis Semcireba, bradikardia 

kuW-nawlavis sistema 

kunTebi 

imunuri sistema 

kani 

hipofagia, yabzoba, glukozis rezorbciis 

Semcireba 

sisuste, tonusis daqveiTeba 

imunitetis daqveiTeba 

simSrale, Tmis cvena 

43


vrceldeba organizmis mraval fiziologiur funqciaze, 

kerZod, farisebri jirkvlebis uSualo 

monawileobiT mimdinareobs qsovilebis, upirveles 

yovlisa Tavis tvinis qerqis diferencireba, fizikuri 

da inteleqtualuri zrda-ganviTareba, bioenergetikuli 

da metabolituri procesebi, fiziologiuri 

da reparaciuli regeneracia, reproduqciuli 

funqciebi. mucladyofnis periodSi farisebri 

jirkvlis hormonebis kontrols eqvemdebareba embriogenezisa 

da praqtikulad yvela organosa da 

sistemis diferencirebisa da momwifebis procesebi. 

es hormonebi gansakuTrebiT Tavis tvinis formirebis 

procesze axdnen gavlenas. arcerT sxva hormons 

analogiuri efeqti ar gaaCnia. Tireoiduli hormonebi 

Seucvlelia centraluri nervuli sistemis 

Camoyalibebis procesebisaTvis. 

iodis zomieri deficitis pirobebSi 10%-iT 

mcirdeba mosaxleobis gonebrivi SesaZleblobebi, 

rac seriozul safrTxes warmoadgens eris inteleqtualuri 

da ekonomikuri potencialisaTvis. iodis 

deficitis pirobebSi izrdeba farisebri jirkvlis 

moculoba da yalibdeba endemuri Ciyvi, rac ioddeficitis 

pirveli klinikuri gamovlinebaa. mZime 

da xangZlivi ioddeficiti ki xels uwyobs farisebri 

jirkvlis funqciur cvlilebebs. 

cxrilSi #6.6 mocemulia farisebri jirkvlis 

hormonTa ukmarisobis gavlena adamianis organizmze 

(Tapermann-is mixedviT, 1989 w.). 

iodis deficiti garda Ciyvis ganviTarebisa 

iwvevs organizmis fiziologiuri wonasworobis 

Rrma cvlilebebs, amitom jandacvis msoflio organizaciis 

eqspertTa mier 1983 wels, termini èndemuri 

Ciyvi~ Seicvala terminiT - ìoddeficituri 

daavadebani~, romelTa speqtri metad farToa da 

moicavs mTel rig darRvevebs, maT Soris: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

nayofi 

maRali perinataluri sikvdilianoba; 

ganviTarebis Tandayolili mankebi; 

nevroligiuri kretinizmi (fsiqikuri ganvi- 

Tarebis CamorCena, yru-munjoba, spastiuri 

diplegia); 

miqsedematozuri kretinizmi: (fizikuri da 

fsiqiuri ganviTarebis CamorCena); 

fsiqomotoruli darRvevebi. 

axalSobili 

maRali sikvdilianoba; 

Tandayolili Ciyvi; 

Tandayolili hipoTireozi. 

bavSvi da mozardi 

Ciyvi; 

subklinikuri hipoTireozi (inteleqtis 

daqveiTeba, fizikuri ganviTarebis Seferxeba, 

reproduqciuli funqciis Camoyalibebis dar- 

Rvevebi). 

mozrdili 

Ciyvi; 

subklinikuri hipoTireozi (fizikuri 

Sromisunarianobis daqveiTeba, midrekleba 

hiperqolesterinemiisa da kardiovaskularuli 

darRvevebisadmi, inteleqtualuri 

Sromisunarianobis daqveiTeba). 

 

 

 

 

reproduqciuli asakis qali 

Ciyvi; 

anemia; 

reproduqciuli funqciebis darRveva: uSviloba, 

spontanuri abortebi, naadrevi mSobiaroba; 

hipofizis simsivne, adreuli klimaqsi. 

yvela asakis adamianisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia 

radiaqtiuri iodis STanTqmis zrda birTvuli 

katastrofebisas. 

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri 

dacvis ministris 2007 wlis 19 oqtombris 

#300/n brZanebiT damtkicda `sursaTis fortifikaciis 

teqnikuri reglamenti~, romliTac dadginda 

iodis sadReRamiso moTxovnileba asakis mixedviT: 

0-dan 3 Tvemde 

40 mkg 

4-dan 12 Tvemde 

80 mkg 

1-dan 3 wlamde 

100 mkg 


120 mkg 


140 mkg 


180 mkg 

orsulTaTvis 

230 mkg 

meZuZurTaTvis 

260 mkg 

mozrdili mosaxleoba 200 mkg 

sainteresoa is faqti, rom adamiani mTeli sicocxlis 

ganmavlobaSi mxolod erT Cais kovz iods 

moixmars. 

6.3.2. marilis iodireba, rogorc idd masobrivi 

profilaqtikis meTodi 

msoflioSi ioddeficituri daavadebebis masobrivi 

profilaqtikis yvelaze ufro gavrcelebuli 

formaa iodirebuli marilis gamoyeneba. 

pirveli farTomasStabiani masobrivi profilaqtika 

iodirebuli marilis gamoyenebiT ganxorcielda 

aSS-Si 1920-1944 wels; 

1924 wels pirveli iodirebuli marili `mortonis 

iodirebuli marili~ gamouSves CrdiloeT 

amerikaSi. 

Sveicaria iyo pirveli qveyana, romelmac 1922 

wels miiRo kanoni marilis sayovelTao iodirebis 

Sesaxeb; iodirebuli marili masobrivi profilaqtikis 

saukeTeso saSualebaa, vinaidan: 

wlis ganmavlobaSi marils moixmars praqtikulad 

yvela adamiani TiTqmis erTnairi 

raodenobiT, daaxloebiT 3,5-4,0 kg; 

44

# 111 

biuleteni 

 

 

 

 

 

ioddanamatebi ar aZleven marils specifikur 

gemosa da suns; 

marilis iodirebis teqnologia martivi da 

xelmisawvdomia; 

iodireba marilis Rirebulebas araumetes 

5%-iT zrdis; 

iodirebuli marilis xarisxis - iodSemcvelobis 

kontroli martivi meTodebiT xorcieldeba 

rogorc warmoebis, ise distribuciisas; 

farTo saerTaSoriso gamocdileba adasturebs 

misi moxmarebis efeqturobas idd likvidaciisaTvis. 

adamianis mier marilis sadReRamiso moxmareba 

7-10 grams Seadgens. marilis im doziT iodireba, 

romelic uzrunvelyofs 150-200 mkg iodis miRebas, 

uvnebelia mosaxleobisTvis, maT Soris maTTvisac, 

visac ioddeficituri daavadebani ar aReniSneba. 

jandacvis msoflio organizaciis rekomendaciebiT 

ioddanamatebis fizikuri Tvisebebi 

loba 1 kg marilze unda Seadgendes 30-40 

mg-s. 

saerTaSoriso moTxovnebi marilze, regulirdeba 

Codex Alimentariusis-is kodeqsiT (150-1985). marili, 

romelic eqvemdebareba iodirebas, unda Seicavdes 

aranakleb 98% NaCl; 0,2% Ca, 0,1% Mg, 0,5% 

sulfat-ionebs, 0,5% wyalSi uxsnad nivTierebebs. 

aseTi marilis sineste unda Seadgendes araumetes 

3%-s. 

termini _ ìodirebuli marili~ gamoiyeneba 

marilis iodSemcveli danamatebiT fortificirebisas 

da ara uSualod elementi iodiT gamdidrebisas. 

termini ìodireba~ rekomendebulia jandacvis 

msoflio organizaciis mier, sufris sakvebi marilis 

kaliumis an natriumis iodidebiT an iodatebiT 

fortificirebisas. 

evrodadgenileba (EC) 1925/2006 Sesabamisad, 

marilis iodiT fortificirebisaTvis daSvebuli 

naerTebis fizikuri Tvisebebi mocemulia cxrilSi 

#6.7. 

cxrili #6.7 

qimiuri 

formula 

dasaxeleba 

iodSemcveloba, 

%, 

wyalSi xsnadoba (g/l) 

0 0 C 20 0 C 30 0 C 40 0 C 60 0 C 

iodi I 2 

100 - 0,3 0,4 0,6 - 

kalciumis 

iodidi 

kalciumis 

iodati 

kaliumis 

iodidi 

kaliumis 

iodati 

natriumis 

iodidi 

natriumis 

iodati 

CaI 2 

86,5 646 676 690 708 740 

Ca(IO 3 

).6H 2 

O 65,0 - 1,0 4,2 6,1 13,6 

KI 76,5 1280 1440 1520 1600 1760 

KIO 3 

59,5 47,3 81,3 117 128 185 

NaI.2H 2 

O 85,5 1590 1790 1900 2050 2570 

NaIO 3 

64,0 - 25,0 90,0 150 210 

1000 mkg-ze meti iodis moxmareba dRe-Ramis ganmavlobaSi 

iTvleba potenciur safrTxed adamianis- 

Tvis, ramac SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios iodinducirebuli 

Tireotoqsikozi. 

Tanamedrove gamokvlevebiT dadgenilia, rom: 

iodis danakargi marilis iodirebidan momxma 

reblamde 20%-s Seadgens; 

sakvebis momzadebisas marilSi iodis danakargi 

20%-ia; 

gamomdinare marilis moxmarebis sadReRamiso 

raodenobidan, warmoebaSi iodis Semcve- 

amave regulaciiT, romelic exeba fortificirebas 

daqvemdebarebuli sursaTisa da fortifikantebis 

Semcvelobis normebs, aseve jandacvis 

msoflio organizaciis, iunisef-is da sxva saerTa- 

Soriso organizaciebis eqspertTa mier rekomendebulia 

marilis fortificireba kaliumis iodatiT. 

kaliumis iodati - KIO 3 

TeTri, kristaluri 

nivTierebaa, araxelsayrel klimatur pirobebSi SedarebiT 

stabiluria, vidre kaliumis iodidi (KI). 

ar saWiroebs damatebiT specialur stabilizatorebs, 

naklebad xsnadia, vidre iodidi, magram naklebad 

aqroladia aramWidro SefuTvisas. sinestis ma- 

45


suri wilis 0,1%-iT mateba (rodesac sawyisi sineste 

1-5%-ia) ar axdens uaryofiT gavlenas marilSi iod- 

Semcvelobaze. adamianis organizmSi moxvedrili kaliumis 

iodati advilad iSleba da gamoTavisuflebuli 

iodi gamoiyeneba farisebri jirkvlis mier Tireoiduli 

hormonebis sinTezisaTvis. intraTireoiduli 

hormonogenezisaTvis es aucilebeli pirobaa, 

vinaidan sxva SemTxvevaSi, Tu ar moxda molekuluri 

iodis warmoqmna, ar iqneba SesaZlebeli Tireoglobulinis 

SemadgenlobaSi myofi aminomJava Tirozinis 

iodireba jer monoiodTirozinis, Semdeg ki diiod- 

Tirozinis warmoqmniT. aRsaniSnavia, rom am process 

sul 15 wami sWirdeba. amitomac kaliumis iodati, 

rogorc adamianisaTvis aratoqsikuri naerTi, jandacvis 

msoflio organizaciis eqspertTa mier rekomendebulia 

rogorc uvnebeli fortifikanti 

zRvrulad dasaSvebi sadReRamiso maqsimaluri dozis 

(zdsmd) farglebSi, romelic iodisaTvis Seadgens 

1 mg-s. 

iodis reglamentaciisas aucilebelia mieTi- 

Tos elementaruli iodia reglamentirebuli Tu 

fortifikanti, vinaidan 40 mg/kg iodi (I) igivea, rac 

67 mg kaliumis iodati (KIO 3 

) da 52 kaliumis iodidi 

(KI); 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo standarti sst 19- 

98-is mixedviT gansazRvrulia iodis masuri wili 

mSral nivTierebaze gadaangariSebiT da Seadgens (40 

±10) X 10 _4 %-s. 

6.3.3. ioddeficituri daavadebebis aRmofxvrisa 

da marilis sayovelTao iodirebis politika saqarTveloSi 

iodeficituri daavadebani saqarTvelosTvis 

yovelTvis warmoadgenda samxareo paTologias, 

xolo misi maRalmTiani regionebi odiTganve Ciyvis 

endemur kerad iyo cnobili; 

pirvelwyaros, romelic aRwers Ciyvis problemas 

saqarTveloSi vaxuSti batoniSvilis naSromi 

- àRwera samefosa saqarTvelosi~ (1745 w.) warmoadgens; 

1921 wels saqarTvelos gasabWoebis Semdeg, 

Seiqmna endemuri Ciyvis winaaRmdeg brZolis gegmiuri 

sistema; 

1935 wels TbilisSi gaixsna Ciyvis sawinaaRmdego 

respublikuri dispanseri; 

1939 wels, quTaisSi organizebuli iqna marilis 

iodireba, adgilobrivi warmoebis mariliT momaragda 

endemiis mZime kerebi: qvemo svaneTi, oni, ambrolauri; 

iodirebuli marilis gamoyenebiT 1938-1944 

wlebSi Ciyvis sixSire 42,7%-dan 14%-mde Semcirda; 

70-ian wlebSi miRweuli iqna principuli cvlilebebi 

endemuri Ciyvis likvidaciaSi; Seiqmna problemis 

saboloo likvidaciis iluzia; amas mohyva 

strategiuli Secdomac, Semcirda iodirebuli marilis 

Semotana; 

80-ian wlebSi naklebi yuradReba daeTmo miRweuli 

warmatebis SenarCunebas; 

90-ian wlebSi qveyanaSi arsebulma socialurekonomiurma 

krizisma xeli Seuwyo iodirebuli 

marilis importisa da miwodebis sistemis moSlas; 

1995-1998 w.w. jmo-s da iunisef-is xelSewyobiT 

qarTveli eqimebis mier ganxorcielda epidemiologiuri 

kvlevebi idd kerebis gamosavlenad. kvlevebis 

SedegebiT Ciyvis sixSire 36-93% aRmoCnda. 

moewyo eqspediciebi saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela 

regionSi da epidemiologiuri kvlevebis monacemebiT 

endemuri Ciyvis sixSire 6-12 wlis asakis bavSvebSi 

320-370-s Seadgenda yovel 1000 bavSvze. 

gamomdinare zemoaRniSnulidan, 1996 w. qveyana- 

Si SemuSavda ìodis deficitiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

profilaqtikis saxelmwifo programa~, romlis 

mizani iyo kompleqsuri RonisZiebebis gatarebiT 

idd efeqturi marTva, misi Semcireba da minimumamde 

dayvana; Seiqmna idd brZolos erovnuli sabWo. 

saqarTvelos prezidentma 1996 wlis 24 ivlisis 

gamosca #480 brZanebuleba `mosaxleobis iodirebuli 

mariliT uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb~; 

1996 wlis 24 oqtombers saqarTvelos prezidentma 

gamosca #684 brZanebuleba ìodis naklebobiT 

gamowveul daavadebaTa winaaRmdeg brZolis 

sakoordinacio sabWos Sesaxeb~, romliTac damtkicda 

sakoordinacio sabWos Semadgenloba da samuSao 

RonisZiebaTa gegma; 

1997 wlis martidan xorcieldeba saqarTvelos 

jandacvis saministros mier SemuSavebuli iodis 

deficitiT gamowveul darRvevaTa profilaqtikis 

programa. programis CarCoSi iqmneba da finansdeba 

yvela raionuli da endokrinologiuri samsaxuri; 

1998 wlis 30 marts, saqarTvelos prezidentis 

`saqarTvelos mosaxleobaSi iodis, sicocxlisaTvis 

aucilebeli mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis naklebobiT 

gamowveuli daavadebaTa profilaqtikis, 

mkurnalobisa da misi Semdgomi likvidaciis damatebiTi 

RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~ #109 gankargulebiT ganisazRvra 

mkacri kontrolis daweseba qveynis mosaxleobis 

standartizebuli iodirebuli mariliT uwyvetad 

momaragebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis da aseve 

sakontrolo sistemis SemuSaveba, iodirebuli marilis 

importis, Senaxvis, ganawilebisa da moxmarebis 

yvela stadiaze; 

1998 wlis 24 dekembers saqarTvelos prezidentma 

gamosca #711 brZanebuleba iodis, sxva mikroelementebisa 

da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli 

daavadebebis profilaqtikis RonisZiebaTa Sesaxeb~; 

1998 wels importirebuli iodirebuli marili 

gaTavisuflda dRg-sgan (20%); 

1998 wels saqarTvelos kvebis mrewvelobis 

samecniero kvleviTi institutis mier SemuSavda 

saqarTvelos saxelmwifo standarti `marili sufris 

iodirebuli~ - sst 19-98. saerTo teqnikuri 

pirobebi; 

2001 wels xeli moewera damoukidebel Tanamegobrobis 

wevr saxelmwifoTa SeTanxmebas `damoukidebel 

saxelmwifoTa Tanamegobrobis wevri qveynebis 

mosaxleobaSi ioddeficituri daavadebebis profilaqtikis 

Sesaxeb~, romlis me-9-e statiis Tanaxmad 

monawile qveynebis mer dadginda, rom importire- 

46

# 111 

biuleteni 

buli iodirebuli produqtebis miwodebisa da realizaciis 

aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens eqsportiori 

qveynis mier gacemuli Tanmxlebi dokumentacia, 

riTac dasturdeba misi xarisxi da uvnebloba _ 

damamzadeblis (mimwodeblis) sertifikati da an mimwodebeli 

qveynis oficialuri rwmunebulobis mqone 

organos mier gacemuli specifikaciebi; 

2002 wlis 18 maisis saqarTvelos prezidentma 

gamosca #242 brZanebuleba `saqarTvelos mosaxleobaSi 

iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

Semcirebis damatebiTi RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb~, romlis 

Tanaxmadac iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

Semcirebisa da likvidaciis daCqarebis 

mizniT Seiqmna iodis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

likvidaciis dargTaSorisi sakoordinacio 

sabWo da ganisazRvra maTi saqmianobis mimarTulebebi; 

2003 wlis 27 seqtembers gamoica saqarTvelos 

prezidentis #466 brZanebuleba - ìodis naklebobiT 

gamowveul daavadebaTa profilaqtikis dargTa- 

Sorisi 2004-2008 w.w. programis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~; 

am brZanebulebiT ganisazRvra programis miznebi, 

programis realizaciis aucileblobis dasabuTeba, 

programis Sesrulebis vadebi, programis obieqti da 

misi mdgradoba. 

2004 wlis 16 dekembers saqarTvelos parlamentis 

janmrTelobis dacvisa da socialur sakiTxTa 

komitetSi, iunisef-is xelSewyobiT, Seiqmna `mikroelementebis 

naklebobiT gamowveuli daavadebebis 

fortificirebuli sakvebiT prevenciis~ samuSao 

jgufi, romlis mizania saqarTveloSi adamianis 

janmrTelobisaTvis aucilebeli mikroelementebisa 

da vitaminebis naklebobiT gamowveul daavadebaTa 

fortificirebuli (gamdidrebuli) sakvebiT profilaqtikis 

(prevenciis) xelSewyoba, xolo misi amocanebia: 

• fortifikaciis erovnuli politikis SemuSaveba; 

• sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna; 

• kanonis implementacia; 

• samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo seqtoris koordinacia; 

• sazogadoebrivi azris aqtualizacia; 

• axal wamowyebaTa mxardaWera nutriciologiisa 

da sakvebis fortifikaciaSi; 

• epidemiologiuri kvleva. 

2005 wels moxda marilis sayovelTao iodireba. 

parlamentma miiRo kanoni ìodis, sxva mikroelementebisa 

da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli 

daavadebebis profilaqtikis Sesaxeb~, romlis Tanaxmad, 

qveyanaSi ikrZaleba araiodirebuli sakvebi 

marilis importi da realizacia, garda am kanonis 

me-5-e muxliT gansazRvruli moTxovnebisa, rodesac 

araiodirebuli marilis saqarTveloSi importireba 

da realizacia dasaSvebi xdeba: 

a) samedicino mizniT; 

b) teqnikuri daniSnulebiT da ara sakvebi 

produqciis warmoebisaTvis. 

amave kanonis me-6-e muxlis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi 

iodirebuli marilis importirebisas sabaJo 

organoebs waredginebaT sabaJo deklaraciasTan er- 

Tad Sesabamisobis sertifikati. 

2005 wlisaTvis saqarTvelos mTavrobis da 

iunisef-is erToblivi ZalisxmeviT ioddeficitur 

daavadebaTa ricxvi 55-58%-dan 36-37%-mde Semcirda; 

2005 wlis 25 Tebervals saqarTvelos kanonSi 

`saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa 

kodeqsi~ Setanili iqna Semdegi damatebebi: kodeqss 

daemata 44 4 muxli, romlis Tanaxmadac araiodirebuli 

marilis realizacia, vadagasuli iodirebuli 

marilisa da falsificirebuli sxva fortificirebuli 

sakvebi produqtebis importi da realizacia 

(garda ìodis, sxva mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis 

deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikis 

Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-5-e muxlis 

pirveli da me-3-e punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli 

SemTxvevebisa), vadagasuli iodirebuli marilis an 

sxva fortificirebuli sakvebi produqtebis importi 

an realizacia - gamoiwvevs dajarimebas 500-dan 

2000 laramde~. 

2006 wlis 29 dekembers cvlilebebi Sevida 

saqarTvelos kanonSi ìodis, sxva mikroelementebisa 

da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis 

profilaqtikis Sesaxeb~, romlis mixedviTac saqarTvelos 

Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis, 

soflis meurneobis saministroebi da saqarTvelos 

finansTa saministros Sesabamisi samsaxuri Tavian- 

Ti kompetenciis farglebSi axorcieleben iodirebuli 

marilisa da sxva fortificirebuli sakvebi 

produqtebis erovnul standartebTan Sesabamisobis 

kontrols (muxli 9); 

amdenad, dReisaTvis saqarTveloSi marilis 

sayovelTao iodirebis erovnuli programis miRebas 

safuZvlad daedo: 

I - gadawyvetilebis miRebis faza, romelic 

moicavda marilis sayovelTao iodirebas, Sesabamisi 

normatiuli bazis Seqmnas da programis realizaciis 

gegmas; 

II - realizaciis faza, Seiqmna infrastruqtura 

marilis sayovelTao iodirebis, misi xarisxis uzrunvelyofis 

da propagandis Sesaxeb. Seiqmna kanonmdebloba. 

III _ konsolidaciis faza, - miRweulia marilis 

sayovelTao iodireba, magram saWiroa misi mdgradobis 

uzrunvelyofa. 

6.3.4 sursaTis fortificirebis teqnikuri reglamenti 

saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri 

dacvis ministris 2007 wlis 19 oqtombris 

#300/n brZanebiT damtkicda `sursaTis fortifikaciis 

teqnikuri reglamenti~, romelic absolutur 

SesabamisobaSia EC 1925/2006 dadgenilebasTan. 

reglamentis Tanaxmad, fortificirebuli sasursaTo 

produqtebi - mikroelementebiT da vita- 

47


cxrili #6.8 

vitaminebisa da mineraluri nivTierebebis formebi, romelTa 

gamoyeneba nebadarTulia sasursaTo produqtebis fortifikaciisaTvis 

d a s a x e l e b a 

qimiuri formebi 

1. v i t a m i n e b i 

a) vitamini A reTinoli; reTinolacetati; reTinolpalmitati; ß-karotini 

b) vitamini B 1 

Tiaminis hidroqloridi; Tiaminis mononitrati; 

g) vitamini B 2 

riboflavini; natriumis riboflavin 5 1 -fosfati 

piridoqsinis hidroqloridi; piridoqsinis 5 

d) vitamini B 1 – fosfati; piridoqsinis 

6 

dipalmitati 

e) vitamini B 12 

ciankobalamini; hidroqsilkobalamini 

L – askorbinis mJava; natriumis L – askorbinati; kalciumis L 

v) vitamini C 

askorbinati; kaliumis L - askorbinati; 6-palmitil L-askorbinis mJava 

(askorbilpalmitati) 

z) vitamini D ergokalciferoli ( D2); qolekalciferoli (D3); 

T) vitamini PP (niacini) nikotinis mJava; nikotinamidi 

i) folis mJava fteroilmonoglutaminis mJava 

D-tokoferoli; D-alfa-tokoferoli; DL-alfa-tokoferoli; DLalfa-tokoferolis 

k) vitamini K 

acetati;D D-alfa-tokoferolis acetati; D-alfa- 

tokoferolis suqcinati; 

m) biotini D-biotini 

n) panToTenis mJava kalciumis D-panToTenati; natriumis D-panToTenati, deqspanTenoli 

a) kalciumis marilebi 

b) magniumis marilebi 

g) kaliumis marilebi 

d) natriumis marilebi 

e) rkinis marilebi 

v) spilenZis marilebi 

z) TuTiis marilebi 

T) manganumis marili 

i) iodi 

k) qromis marilebi 

2. mineraluri nivTierebebi (marilebi) 

kalciumis karbonati, kalciumis qloridi, liminmJava kalciumis 

marilebi; kalciumis glicerofosfati; kalciumis laqtati; 

orTofosformJavas kalciumis marilebi; kalciumis hidroqsidi; 

kalsciumis oqsidi, kalciumis sulfati 

magniumis aceteti, magniumis karbonati; magniumis qloridi; limonmJava 

magniumis marilebi; magniumis glukonati; magniumis glicerofosfati; 

orTofosformJavas magniumis marilebi; magniumis laqtati; magniumis 

hidroqsidi; magniumis oqsidi; magniumis sulfati 

kaliumis ftoridi; kaliumis hidrokarbinati; kaliumis karbonati; 

kaliumis qloridi; kaliumis citrati; kaliumis glukonati, kaliumis 

glicerofosfati; kaliumis laqtati; kaliumis hidroqsidi; kaliumis 

orTofosformJavas marili; 

natriumis hidrokarbonati; natriumis karbonati; natriumis citrati; 

natriumis glukonati; natriumis laqtati; natriumis hidroqsidi; 

natriumis orTofosformJava mariki; natiumis selenati; natriumis 

seleniti; natriumis ftoridi; 

rkinis (II) karbonati; rkinis (II) glukonati; rkinis (II) sulfati; rkinis 

(II) laqtati; rkinis fumarati; rkinis difosfati (pirofosfati); rkinis 

citrati; rkina amoniumis citrati; elementaruli rkina 

spilenZis karbonati,spilenZis citrati; spilenZis glukonati; 

spilenZis sulfati; lizin-spilenZis kompleqsi 

TuTiis acetati, TuTiis qloridi, TuTiis citrati; TuTiis glukonati; 

TuTiis laqtati;; TuTiis oqsidi; TuTiis karbonati; TuTiis sulfati; 

manganumis karbonati; manganumis qloridi; manganumis citrati; 

manganumis glukonati; manganumis glicerofosfati; manganumis 

sulfati 

natriumis iodidi; natriumis iodati; kaliumis iodidi; kaliumis 

iodati; 

qromis (III) qloridi da misi heqsahidrati; qromi (III) sulfati da misi 

heqsahidrati 

l) molibdeni amoniumis molibdati (VI); natriumis molibdati (VI) 

48

# 111 

biuleteni 

minebiT gamdidrebuli sursaTia, romelic gamoiyeneba 

mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT 

gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikisaTvis; xolo 

fortifikaciisaTvis, romelic aseve Sesabamisoba- 

Sia EC 1925/2006 dadgenilebiT gansazRvrul moTxovnebTan. 

cxrili # 6.9 

umaRlesi da I xarisxis fqvilisa da pur-funTuSeuli nawarmis 

rkiniTa da vitaminebiT fortifikaciis normebi 

1. damatebuli rkinis raodenoba umaRlesi 

da I xarisxis fqvilSi 

2. rkinis Semcveloba umaRlesi da I xarisxis 

fqviliT warmoebul purfunTuSeulSi 

3. vitaminebis Semcveloba umaRlesi 

da I xarisxis fqviliT warmoebul purfunTuSeulSi 

4. vitaminebis reglamentirebuli Semcveloba 

I xarisxis fqviliT warmoebul purfunTuSeulSi 

30-60 mg/kg 

3-6 mg /100 g 

saerTaSoriso rekomendaciebiT 

B jgufis vitaminebi 

• Tiamini 4,5 – 8 mg/kg; 

• riboflavin i_ 2,0-3,0 mg/kg 

• vitamini B 6 _ 

4,5-8,0 mg/kg 

• PP vitamini _ 40-70 mg/kg 

• folis mJava _ 0,4-0,8 mg/kg 

• askorbinis mJava 16-24 mg/kg 

(teqnologiuri danamatis saxiT) 

B jgufis vitaminebi 

• Tiamini 0,3 – 0,5 mg/100g 

• riboflavini _ 0,15 – 0,25 mg/100g 

• vitamini B 6 _ 

0,3 – 0,5 mg/100g 

• PP vitamini _3,0 – 5,0 mg/100g 

• folis mJava _ 0,030 0,06 mg/100g 

fortificirebuli sursaTi - nebismieri sursa- 

Ti, romelSic mizanmimarTuladaa damatebuli fortifikantebi, 

amaTu im nivTierebis bunebrivi Semcvelobis 

koreqtirebis mizniT; rogorc wesi, fortificirebas 

saWiroebs is sasursaTo produqtebi, 

romlebic warmoebis procesSi ganicdis rafinirebas 

da sxva teqnologiur zemoqmedebas, rac ganapirobebs 

vitaminebisa da nivTierebebis mniSvnelovan 

danakargs; 

teqnikuri reglamentis mixedviT ganisazRvra 

sasursaTo produqtebSi fortifikantis Semcvelobis 

normebi, aseve dadgenil iqna, rom sasursaTo 

produqciis dRe-Ramur porciaSi fortifikantis 

Semcveloba unda Seadgendes dReRamuri moxmarebis 

15-50%-s; garda amisa, sayuradReboa, rom sursa- 

Tis gasamdidreblad gamoyenebuli vitaminebisa da 

mineraluri nivTierebebis raodenobebis gaTvlisas 

gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas maTi bunebrivi Semcveloba 

nedleulSi an sawyis produqtSi, agreTve 

danakargebi warmoebis processa da Senaxvisas, raTa 

SenarCunebuli iqnas fortifikantebis Semcvelobis 

reglamentirebuli done mTeli Senaxvis vadis ganmavlobaSi. 

teqnikur reglaments Semoaqvs fortifikaciis 

akrZalvebic. cxrilSi #6.8 mocemulia vitaminebisa 

da mineraluri nivTierebebis CamonaTvali, romelTa 

gamoyeneba nebadarTulia sasursaTo produqtebis 

cxrilSi #6.9 mocemulia umaRlesi da I xarisxis 

fqvilisa da pur-funTuSeuli nawarmis rkiniTa 

da vitaminebiT fortifikaciis normebi. 

gansxvavebiT EC 1925/2006 dadgenilebasTan, teqnikuri 

reglamenti ar adgens fortifikantebisaTvis 

biologiuri warmoSobis pirobis aucileblobas, 

fortificirebisaTvis uSvebs probioturi mikroorganizmebis 

- Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, 

Propiobacterium-is gvarebis sxvadasxva saxeobaTa 

Stamebis, aseve prebiotikebis, anu xsnadi sakvebi 

boWkoebis, romelsac Seicavs sakvebi nedleuli, an 

warmoqmneba teqnologiuri gadamuSavebis procesSi 

(fruqto- da galaqtoologosaqaridebi, inulini, da 

sxv.) gamoyenebas. 

garda amisa, damatebiT gansazRvravs (muxli 6) 

iodirebuli sufris marilisaTvis higienur moTxovnebsa 

da moTxovnebs markirebisadmi. 19.98 sst-gan 

gansxvavebiT fortificirebisaTvis uSvebs kaliumis 

iodidis (KI) gamoyenebasac. 

Tavi 7. genmodificirebuli 


`genmodificirebuli organizmebisagan warmoebuli 

sursaTis moxmarebis Sedegad adamianis janmr- 

Telobis zianis raime kvalis ararseboba ver iqneba ga- 

49


rantia imisa, rom sursaTi sruliad uvnebelia; aqedan 

gamomdinare, FAO-s rekomendaciaa ganvagrZoT riskis 

Sefasebis procedurebis gaumjobeseba da monitoringi” 

(FAO-s pasuxi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis Ria 

werilze 2004 w. 16 ivnisi). (www.fao.org/newsroom/en/ 

news/2004/46429/index.html) 

7.1 zogadi debulebebi 

dReisaTvis msoflio sasursaTo usafrTxoebis 

uzrunvelyofisaTvis farTod gamoiyeneba bioteqnologiis, 

kerZod, genuri inJineriis Tanamedrove 

miRwevebi. mcenareebi, cxovelebi, mikroorganizmebi, 

romlebic am meTodebis gamoyenebiT miiReba, 

cnobili arian genetikurad Secvlil organizmebad. 

TavisTavad organizmi nebismieri biologiuri warmonaqmnia, 

romelsac gaaCnia gamravlebis an/da genetikuri 

masalis gadacemis unari, xolo genmodificirebuli 

organizmi _ organizmia (adamianis garda), 

romlis genetikuri masala Secvlilia Tanamedrove 

bioteqnologiis meTodebis gamoyenebiT. am meTodebis 

gamoyenebiT xdeba organizmis genetikuri masalis 

Secvla xelovnur (in vitro) pirobebSi nukleinis 

mJavebis organizmis ujredebSi, an organelebSi pirdapiri 

ineqciis an/da sxvadasxva taqsonomiuri statusis 

mqone organizmebis ujredebis Serwymis gziT; 

gamomdinare aqedan, genmodificirebuli sasursaTo 

produqti _ genmodificirebuli organizmis gadamu- 

Savebis Sedegad miRebuli an/da genmodificirebuli 

organizmis ingredientis Semcveli produqtia, 

romelsac an romlis calkeul nawilsac ar gaaCnia 

gamravlebis an/da genetikuri masalis gadacemis 

unari; 

genuri inJineria, gen-modificireba, gen-teqnika 

Tu gen-manipulireba _ yvela es termini erTmaneTis 

identuria da Cveulebriv gulisxmobs genebis gadatanas 

erTi saxeobidan meoreSi _ recipientSi, aseve 

rekombinantuli ribonukleinismJavisa (rnm) da dezoqsiribonukleinis 

mJavis (dnm) miRebas, rac gulisxmobs 

Secvlil nukleotidur Tanmimdevrobas. am 

dros xdeba organizmebis genetikuri masalis imgvari 

Secvla, rogoric arasodes ar xdeba bunebrivi 

evoluciis procesSi. 

bioteqnologiis es mimarTuleba daaxloebiT 30 

wlis win daiwyo da Teoriulad igi efuZneba genetikuri 

inJineriis meTodebs da ujreduli biologiis 

miRwevebs. es meTodebi saSualebas iZleva daZleuli 

iqnes organizmSi bunebrivi fiziologiuri reproduqciuli 

an rekombinaciuri barieri. isini ar ganekuTvneba 

tradiciul jiSTa gamoyvanisa da seleqciur 

meTodebs. 

transgenuri organizmebis pirveli komerciuli 

gaSeneba aSS-Si daiwyo gasuli saukunis 90-ian 

wlebSi, mogvianebiT misi moyvana daiwyes kanadaSi, 

argentinaSi, CineTSi, braziliaSi, samxreT afrikaSi. 

2003 wlidan transgenebis moyvana daiwyes avstraliaSi, 

bulgareTSi, kolumbiaSi, germaniaSi, hondurasSi, 

indoeTSi, indoneziaSi, meqsikaSi, rumineTSi, 

espaneTSi, urugvaiSi da filipinebSi. 

dReisaTvis genmodificirebuli organizmebisagan 

miRebuli saTesle masala da mcenareuli sasursaTo 

produqtebi saerTaSoriso bazris mniSvnelovani 

Semadgeneli nawilia; 1996 wlidan 2007 wlamde 

msoflioSi gmo kulturebis naTesebi 60-jer gaizarda 

da 110 mln. ha.-s aRwevs. maTgan 69%-s swored 

herbicid-rezistentuli jiSebi Seadgenen. tradiciuli 

sasoflo-sameurneo mcenareebis, cxovelebisa 

da frinvelebis, aseve mikroorganizmebis genetikuri 

modifikacia maT axal, winaswar gansazRvrul 

,,sasurvel” Tvisebebs aniWebs. 

transgenuri modifikaciis Sedegad miRebuli 

mcenareebi mdgradi arian herbicidebis, inseqticidebis, 

virusebis, sokovani infeqciebis mimarT; SesaZlebelia 

miRebuli iqnes mamrobiTi sqesis steriluri 

formebi, moxdes fertilobis aRdgena; garda 

amisa, mcenareebi iZenen iseT axal samomxmareblo 

Tvisebebs, rogorebicaa: uxvmosavlianoba, yinvagamZleoba, 

naadrevi simwife da sxva. am dros mcirdeba 

gamoyenebuli herbicidebisa da inseqticidebis 

moxmarebis raodenoba, Sesabamisad mcirdeba maTi 

Semcveloba sasursaTo produqtebSi, klebulobs 

danakargebi, izrdeba produqciis xarisxi, xdeba materialuri 

resursebisa da saSualebebis ekonomia. 

did mniSvnelobas iZens transgenuri sasoflosameurneo 

cxovelebisa da frinvelebis im teqnologiebis 

SemuSaveba, romelebic zrdis produqtiulobas, 

tan-xorcis gamosavlianobas, rac dadebiTad 

moqmedebs xorcis xarisxsa da fizikur-qimiur maCveneblebze, 

maT teqnologiur Tvisebebze, es ki gansakuTrebul 

mniSvnelobas iZens samamulo xorcis deficitis 

dros. integrirebuli genebis specifiuroba 

saSualebas iZleva Seicvalos kunTovani qsovilis 

feri, pH, tenis Sekavebis unari, cximianoba, konsistencia, 

gemuri da aromatuli Tvisebebi teqnologiuri 

damuSavebis Semdeg; genuri inJineriis meTodebiT 

SesaZlebelia ara marto sasurveli maCveneblebis 

miReba, aramed cxovelebisa da frinvelebis 

Segueba gansxvavebuli garemo pirobebisadmi, mizanmimarTulad 

memkvidruli Tvisebebis Secvla da sxv. 

mikroorganizmTa genuri modificirebis kvlevebi 

mimarTulia vitaminebis, antibiotikebis, 

organuli mJavebisa da nivTierebaTa cvlis sxva 

produqtebis producentebis xelovnuri gadarCevisaken. 

genmodificirebuli baqteriebidan miRebuli 

fermentebis gamoyeneba samrewvelo mizniT iwvevs 

sasursaTo nedleulis modifikacias. mag. proteolituri 

fermentuli preparatebi SesaZloa gamoyenebuli 

iqnes xorcis konsistenciis SecvlisaTvis, 

yvelis warmoebaSi; amilolizuri da lipolizuri 

fermentebi farTod gamoiyeneba pur-funTuSeulis 

teqnologiaSi da a.S 

cxrilSi #7.1 (ix. danarTi) mocemulia genmodificirebuli 

organizmebisagan miRebuli sasursaTo 

produqtebi. 

dRemde davis sagania genuri inJineriiT mi- 

Rebuli nedleulisa da ingredientebis sasursaTo 

produqtebis warmoebaSi gamoyenebis sakiTxi; genmodificirebuli 

sasursaTo produqtebis gamoye- 

50

# 111 

biuleteni 

nebas Tavisi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi aqvs, 

romelTa Sesaxebac gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi arsebobs. 

amasTan aRsaniSnavia, rom aRniSnuli TvalsazrisiT 

kvlevebis istoria Zalian xanmoklea. genmodificirebuli 

kulturebi gamoiyeneba rogorc 

sasursaTo produqtebis, ise sakvebi danamatebis 

saxiT. mag. soiosagan, romelic yvelaze metad gavrcelebulia 

genuri inJineriiT miRebuli mcenareTan, 

miiReba soios rZe, soios lecitini (sakvebdanamati 

E 322) gamoiyeneba sakonditro warmoebaSi, rogorc 

emulgatori da stabilizatori, xolo soios kani 

- qatos, burbuSelas da sxv. sursaTis warmoebaSi, 

garda amisa igi gamoiyeneba danamatis saxiT puris, 

Zexvis, Sokoladis da sxv. sasursaTo produqtebis 

warmoebaSi; modificirebuli kartofili, romelic 

naklebi raodenobiT wyalsa da met saxamebels Seicavs, 

gamoiyeneba haerovani Cifsebis dasamzadeblad. 

saxamebeli gamoiyeneba sakonditro da pursacxob 

mrewvelobaSi, aseve sxvadasxva saxis sousebis, saweblebisa 

da maionezebis misaRebad, simindisa da 

rafsis zeTs danamatis saxiT iyeneben margarinSi, 

pur-funTuSeulSi da sxv. 

momxreebis mTavari argumenti TviT sasoflosameurneo 

kulturebis is maxasiaTeblebia, romelic 

maT SeiZines bioinJineriis meTodebis gamoyenebiT. 

es Tvisebebia kulturebis mdgradoba daavadebebis, 

mavne mwerebis mimarT, pesticidebis gamoyenebis 

TvalsazrisiT, aseTi sasursaTo produqtebi gamoirCevian 

maRali xarisxiT, aqvT momgebiani sasaqonlo 

saxe da didi xnis ganmavlobaSi inarCuneben 

kvebiT Rirebulebas. 

mowinaaRmdegeebis mtkicebiT: 

• genmodificirebul mcenareTa ujredebSi SesaZlebelia 

moxdes adamianisTvis saSiSi nivTierebebis 

(toqsinebi, alergenebi da a.S.) aramiznobrivi 

sinTezi; 

• transgenuri mcenare warmoadgens axal organizms 

axali TvisebebiT, rac SeiZleba saziano aRmoCndes 

rogorc adamianisaTvis, ise ekosistemisa- 

Tvis (arsebobs mwerebis populaciebis gadaSenebis 

saSiSroeba); 

• genuri inJineria arRvevs saxeobaTaSoris bariers; 

• herbicidebisadmi mdgradi sasoflo-sameurneo 

kulturebis gamoyenebam SeiZleba gamoiwvios 

Sxam-qimikatebis gamoyenebis zrda; 

• saWiroa xangrZlivi mravalmxrivi mecnieruli 

kvlevebi, radgan genis gadatanis Sedegebi SesaZloa 

gamovlindes rogorc gmo-s TaobebSi, aseve 

maTi momxmareblebis organizmebSic. 

• gmo komponentebi SeiZleba aRmoCndes ara 

mxolod alergenebi, aramed maRaltoqsikurebic anu 

qimiurad saSiSi cocxali organizmebisaTvis; 

• genuri inJineria e.w. `sinjaris~ mecnierebaa. 

sinjaraSi Seswavlili genis Sesaxeb mxolod imis Tqma 

SeiZleba, Tu rogoria da rogor iqceva is am sinjara- 

Si, magram naklebadaa cnobili mis rolsa da qcevaze 

Tavad mSobliur organizmSi da, miT umetes, sruliad 

ucxo organizmSi misi gadatanis SemTxvevaSi; 

• arsebobs antibiotikebisadmi mdgradi supermikrobebis 

warmoqmnis saSiSroeba. 

• mniSvnelovani risk-faqtorebia aseve axali 

saxeobis mavneblebis, supersarevelebis, genetikuri 

damabinZureblebis gaCenac. 

britaneTis samedicino asociaciam (BMA) 2004 

wlis 9 marts ganacxada: ,,genmodificirebuli sursa- 

Tis problemuri sakiTxi warmoadgens adamianis organizmSi 

antibiotikebisadmi mdgradobis warmoqmnis 

potenciur safrTxes, rac axali sneulebebiT daavadebebs 

gamoiwvevs.” (news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/csi/tech/3545717.stm). 

dadgenilia, rom aratradiciuli ingredientebis 

gamoyenebiT miRebuli sasursaTo produqtebi 

SesaZloa Seicavdnen ucnob komponentebs. am dros 

arasasurveli efeqtebis mizezi SesaZloa iyos rekombinantuli 

dnm da maTi SesaZlo eqspresia. amdenad, 

gmo-s farTo danergva iseTi problemebis gadawyvetasac 

moiTxovs, rogorebicaa calkeuli sasursaTo 

produqtebis kvebiTi Rirebuleba, alergiuli da 

toqsikologiuri reaqciebi da sxva. amitomac, axali 

sasursaTo produqtebis qimiuri Sedgenilobis 

Seswavlisas mniSvnelovania rogorc misi kvebiTi 

Rirebulebis maCveneblebis, aseve uvneblobis sanitariul 

- qimiuri maxasiaTeblebis dadgena. 

amrigad, ZiriTadi kiTxva: uvnebelia Tu ara 

adamianisTvis genetikuri modifikaciis safuZvelze 

miRebuli sasursaTo produqtebi, jerjerobiT 

kvlav erTmniSvnelovani pasuxis gareSe rCeba. danamdvilebiT 

veravin amtkicebs rogorc genmodificirebuli 

produqtebis uvneblobas, ise mis saziano 

Tvisebebs, Tumca dRiTidRe matulobs im adamianTa 

ricxvi, romlebic `sifrTxilis princips~ amjobineben. 

es gasagebicaa. sayovelTaodaa aRiarebuli, rom 

Tanamedrove bioteqnologia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi 

moemsaxureba adamianis keTildReobis zrdas, Tu is 

ganviTardeba da garemosa da adamianis janmrTelobis 

dacvis uzrunvelyofisaTvis gamoyenebuli iqneba 

uvneblobis saTanado RonisZiebebi. 

rogorc msoflio gamocdileba gviCvenebs, gmosgan 

warmoebuli sasursaTo produqtebis uvneblobis 

SefasebisaTvis aucilebeli winapirobaa qveyana- 

Si sakanonmdeblo, normatiuli da meToduri bazis 

arseboba, rac saSualebas iZleva Sefasebuli iqnes 

gmo-sgan miRebuli sasursaTo produqtebis moxmarebiT 

gamowveuli potenciuri riskebi da Sesabamisad 

ganxorcieldes aseT sasursaTo produqciaze 

monitoringi. riski SesaZloa iyos pirdapiri an arapirdapiri, 

kumulaciuri an xangrZlivi moqmedebisa. 

riskis Sefaseba unda ganxorcieldes Semdegi TanmimdevrobiT: 

• im genuri maxasiaTeblebis gansazRvra, romlebmac 

SesaZloa uaryofiTi efeqti iqonios adamianis 

organizmze; 

• TiToeuli efeqtis mier gamowveuli potenciuri 

Sedegis gansazRvra; 

• am Sedegebis zrdis SesaZlebloba; 

51


• TiToeuli maxasiaTeblis riskis xarisxis Sefaseba; 

• riskis kontrolisaTvis marTvis strategiis 

danergva. 

7.2 kartaxenas oqmi 

genmodificirebuli organizmebis gamoyenebis 

SesaZlo maRali potenciuri riskis gamo, romelic 

exeba rogorc adamianis janmrTelobas, ise bunebriv 

garemosa da biomravalferovnebas, mTel rig qveynebsa 

da saerTaSoriso doneze SemuSavda genmodificirebuli 

organizmebis samarTlebrivi regulirebis 

meqanizmebi. biomravalferovneba es aris gareuli 

cxovelebisa da veluri mcenareebis mravalsaxeoba, 

xmeleTis, zRvis da wylis ekosistemebi da ekologiuri 

kompleqsebi, romlebic moicaven mravalferovnebas 

saxeobis farglebSi, saxeobaTa Soris da ekosistemebSi. 

pirveli saerTaSoriso dokumenti, romlis mixedviTac 

aRiarebuli iqna, rom Tanamedrove bioteqnologiiT 

miRebuli genetikurad modificirebuli 

organizmebi warmoadgenen axal safrTxes biomravalferovnebis 

SenarCunebisaTvis da dasabuTebuli 

iqna saTanado maregulirebeli sistemebis Seqmnis 

aucilebloba, aris gaeros generaluri ansambleis 

mier, 1992 wlis 5 ivniss, rio-de-JaneiroSi, garemosa 

da ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 

(United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) 

miRebuli `biomravalferovnebis dacvis saerTaSoriso 

konvencia”, romelic xelmowerilia evrogaerTianebisa 

da sxva 162 saxelmwifos mier. es konvencia 

miznad isaxavs aseve biomravalferovnebis konservacias, 

misi komponentebis mdgrad gamoyenebas, genetikuri 

resursebis gamoyenebiT miRebuli sargeblis 

samarTlian da Tanaswor ganawilebas da uzrunvelyofs 

qveynis suverenitets Tavis biologiur resursebze. 

konvencia aRiarebs biologiuri mravalferovnebis 

mniSvnelobas da adasturebs, rom misi Senar- 

Cuneba kacobriobis saerTo da umniSvnelovanesi 

amocanaa. amasTan, konvencia adasturebs, rom saxelmwifoebs 

aqvT sakuTari biologiuri resursebis 

gankargvis ufleba da pasuxismgebelni arian qveynis 

biologiuri mravalferovnebisa da biologiuri 

resursebis Tanazomier gamoyenebaze. konvencia 

mxareebs avaldebulebs SeimuSaos biologiuri mravalferovnebis 

SenarCunebisa da Tanabarzomieri gamoyenebis 

erovnuli strategia, gegmebi, programebi, 

Seqmnas Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo baza. konvenciis 

me-8 muxlis a) qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, `mxareebi qmnian 

daculi raionebisa an iseTi teritoriebis sistemas, 

sadac saWiro iqneba specialuri RonisZiebebis gatareba 

biologiuri mravalferovnebis SesanarCuneblad”. 

ramdenadac biousafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa 

da regulirebis efeqturi sistemebis Seqmna SeuZlebelia 

msoflios yvela qveynis koordinirebuli 

midgomis gareSe. 

sayuradReboa, rom konservaciis saerTaSoriso 

monacemebiT saqarTvelo msoflios 25 regionidan 

erT-erTia, romelic unikaluri mravalferovnebis 

gamo dacvasa da gafrTxilebas saWiroebs. 

genmodificirebuli produqciis samarTlebrivi 

regulirebis Sesaxeb umniSvnelovanesi dokumentia 

biomravalferovnebis konvenciis biousafrTxoebis 

kartaxenis oqmi, romelic miRebuli iqna 2000 

wlis noemberSi da ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wlis 11 seqtembers. 

mas SeuerTda evrokavSiris, afrikisa da 

sxva kontinentebis mravali qveyana. (ix. danarTi, 

cxrili #7.2). 

kartaxenas oqmi - es aris saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebis 

dokumenti, romelic `miznad isaxavs xeli Seuwyos 

usafrTxoebis saTanado donis dacvas im sferoSi, 

romelic exeba Tanamedrove bioteqnologiis meTodebis 

gamoyenebiT miRebuli iseTi cocxali modificirebuli 

organizmebis usafrTxo gadacemas, mopyrobas 

da gamoyenebas, romelTac SeuZliaT mavne zegavlena 

moaxdinon biologiur mravalferovnebis dacvasa da 

mdgrad gamoyenebaze”. amave dros oqmis mizania `gaiTvaliswinos 

safrTxe adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis da 

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba dauTmos zemoxsenebuli 

organizmebis transasazRvro gadaadgilebas”. oqmis 

Tanaxmad gansazRvrulia: 

• gmo-s tranziti da gamoyeneba Caketil sistemebSi; 

• winaswardasabuTebuli SeTanxmebis proceduris 

gamoyeneba; 

• Setyobineba da Setyobinebis miRebis dadastureba, 

romlis Tanaxmadac eqsportis mxare moi- 

Txovs, rom eqsportiorma werilobiT acnobos 

importiors cocxali gmo-s gadaadgilebamde; 

xolo importis mxare werilobiT udasturebs 

Semtyobinebels Setyobinebis miRebas misi miRebidan 

90 dRis ganmavlobaSi; 

• gadawyvetilebis miRebis procedura; 

• procedura cocxali gmo-s uSualod sursaTad, 

cxovelis sakvebad an gadasamuSaveblad gamoyenebis 

Sesaxeb; gadawyvetilebis gadasinjva, 

romlis Tanaxmadac importis mxares SeuZlia 

nebismier dros, biologiuri mravalferovnebis 

dacvasa da mdgrad gamoyenebaze, agreTve, 

adamianis janmrTelobisTvis safrTxis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

potenciuri mavne zegavlenis Sesaxeb 

axal mecnierul informaciaze dayrdnobiT, 

gadasinjos da Secvalos gadawyvetileba ganzraxuli 

transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis Sesaxeb; 

• ormxrivi SeTanxmebebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac 

mxareebs SeuZliaT dadon ormxrivi, regionuli 

da mravalmxrivi SeTanxmebebi da xelSekrulebebi 

cocxali modificirebuli organizmebis 

ganzraxuli transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis 

Sesaxeb im pirobiT, rom aseTi SeTanxmebebi da 

xelSekrulebebi ar gamoiwveven dacvis ufro 

dabal dones, vidre es oqmiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli; 

• riskis Sefaseba, romelic xorcieldeba mec- 

52

# 111 

biuleteni 

nierul safuZvelze dayrdnobiT, aRiarebuli 

meTodebis gaTvaliswinebiT. biologiuri mravalferovnebis 

dacvasa da mdgrad gamoyenebaze, 

agreTve, adamianis janmrTelobisTvis safrTxis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, cocxali modificirebuli 

organizmebis SesaZlo mavne zegavlenis 

gansazRvrisa da Sefasebis mizniT; 

• riskis regulireba, romlis mixedviTac mxareebi 

SeimuSaveben am oqmiT gansazRvruli cocxali 

gmo-is gamoyenebasTan, mopyrobasa da transasazRvro 

gadaadgilebasTan dakavSirebuli 

riskebis regulirebis sakiTxebs; 

• gauTvaliswinebeli transsasazRvro gadaadgileba 

da gansakuTrebuli zomebi; 

• mopyroba, transportireba, SefuTva, identifikacia, 

romelTa mixedviTac yoveli mxare 

iRebs aucilebel zomebs, raTa moiTxovos, rom 

nebismieri cocxali modificirebuli organizmis, 

romelic aris am oqmis moqmedebis sferoSi 

SeTanxmebuli transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis 

obieqti, mopyroba, SefuTva da transportireba 

moxdes usafrTxoebis pirobebis dacviT, 

Sesabamisi saerTaSoriso wesebisa da standartebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT; 

• kompetenturi erovnuli organoebisa da erovnuli 

sakoordinacio centrebis arsebobis aucilebloba; 

• informaciis gacvla, rogorc biousafrTxoebis 

saSuamavlo meqanizmi; 

• SesaZleblobebis Seqmna, rac gulisxmobs mxare- 

Ta TanamSromlobas bioteqnologiis sferoSi, 

adamianuri resursebisa da instituciuri SesaZleblobebis 

ganviTarebis mizniT; 

• sazogadoebis informireba da misi monawileoba, 

romlis mixedviTac mxareebi xels uwyoben 

da mxars uWeren sazogadoebriv informirebas, 

ganaTlebasa da mis monawileobas gmo-s usafr- 

Txo gavrcelebaSi, mopyrobasa da gamoyenebaSi; 

• monawile mxareebma im saxelmwifoebTan, romlebic 

ar arian mxareebi, ormxrivi, regionuli da 

mravalmxrivi SeTanxmebebi da xelSekrulebebi 

unda gaaformon gmo-s transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis 

Sesaxeb; 

• ukanono transasazRvro gadaadgileba, romlis 

mixedviTac yoveli mxare iRebs Sesabamis Sida 

zomebs, raTa ar dauSvas da Sesabamis SemTxvevaSi 

gamoiyenos sasjeli cocxali modificirebuli 

organizmis im transsasazRvro gadaadgilebisTvis, 

romelic xorcieldeba am oqmis gansaxorcieleblad 

miRebuli misi Sida zomebis 

darRveviT. msgavsi gadaadgileba miiCneva ukanonod. 

ukanono transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis 

SemTxvevaSi dazaralebulma mxarem warmoSobis 

mxares SeuZlia mosTxovos, rom man, garemoebis 

Sesabamisad, Tavisi xarjiT moaxdinos cocxali 

modificirebuli organizmis mocileba dabrunebis 

an ganadgurebis gziT. yoveli mxare biousafrTxoebis 

saSuamavlo meqanizms warudgens 

informacias im ukanono transsasazRvro gadaadgilebis 

Sesaxeb, romelic mas Seexo. 

• socialur-ekonomikuri mosazrebani, pasuxismgebloba 

da anazRaurebis sakiTxebi, dafinansebis 

meqanizmebi da finansuri resursebi; mxareTa 

Sexvedrebi da konferenciebi; 

• monitoringi da angariSgeba, romlis mixedviTac 

yoveli mxare axorcielebs monitorings oqmiT 

dakisrebuli movaleobebis Sesrulebaze, 

• Sesabamisobis, Sefasebisa da verifikaciis (gadasinjvis-gadamowmebis) 

procedurebi; 

• oqmi ZalaSi Sedis konvenciis mxare saxelmwifoTa 

an ekonomikuri integraciis regionuli 

organizaciebis mier misi ratifikaciis, miRebis, 

mowonebisa da SeerTebis ormocdameaTe da 

dokumentis Cabarebis TariRidan oTxmocdamea- 

Te dRes. 

TavisTavad transasazRvro gadaadgileba _ es 

aris eqsporti, importi, tranziti da reeqsporti. 

winaswar dasabuTebuli SeTanxmebis proceduriT 

saSualebas aZlevs importior, anu mimReb qveyanas, 

daicvas Tavisi ekosistema gmo-s SesaZlo uaryofiTi 

zemoqmedebisagan; garda amisa, igi adgens winaswar 

dasabuTebuli Tanxmobis (advance informed agreement) 

procedurebs, romlebic iTvaliswineben saxelmwifoebis 

uzrunvelyofas aucilebeli informaciiT, 

rac maT aseTi gadawyvetilebebis miRebis saSualebas 

miscems. informaciis wardgena evaleba eqsportior, 

anu Semomtan qveyanas. informacia gadaecema 

“Biosafety Cleraing-House”-is meSveobiT. 

amrigad, oqmis mizania daicvas biomravalferovneba 

potenciuri riskebisagan, romlebic, SesaZloa, 

gamoiwvion cocxalma genmodificirebulma organizmebma. 

oqmi iTvaliswinebs minimalur moTxovnebsa da 

standartebs, ar exeba adgilobriv kanonmdeblobas. 

xelmomwer qveyanas ki ufleba aqvs SeimuSaos sakuTari, 

ufro mkacri moTxovnebi. garda amisa, SemuSavebulia 

informaciis Sesaxeb procedura (AIA), romlis 

Tanaxmadac qveynebs miewodebaT saWiro informacia, 

romlis safuZvelze moxdeba gadawyvetilebis 

miReba amgvari organizmebis importirebis win. 

oqmis ZiriTadi debulebebia: 

sifrTxilis principi - qveyanas aqvs ufleba 

uari ganacxados genetikurad modificirebuli organizmis 

(gmo) importze, Tu ki mas SeiZleba mohyves 

mavne zemoqmedeba garemosa da adamianis janmrTelobaze; 

• gmo-s importis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miRebisas 

qveyanam unda mxedvelobaSi miiRos problemis 

ara mxolod samecniero, aramed agreTve 

socialur-ekonomikuri aspeqtebi; 

• ratifikaciis Semdeg mTavroba iRebs pasuxismgeblobas, 

rom nebismieri saxis cocxali gmos 

miReba, maTi damuSaveba, transportireba, gadacema 

da gamoTavisufleba unda warmoebdes 

iseTnairad, rom ar iqnes daSvebuli anda minimumamde 

Semcirdes biologiuri mravalferov- 

53


nebisadmi riskebi, m.S. adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis 

riskebi da a.S. 

oqmis Tanaxmad, sursaTad an cxovelTa sakvebad 

gamosayenebeli an gadasamuSavebeli cocxali 

modificirebuli organizmebis Sesaxeb aucilebelia 

importiorma mxarem qveynis erovnul maregulirebel 

kompetentur organos warudginos Semdegi saxis 

informacia: 

a) im subieqtis dasaxeleba da sakontaqto monacemebi, 

romelsac Seaqvs gancxadeba qveynis SigniT 

gamoyenebisTvis; 

b) gadawyvetilebis miRebaze pasuxismgebeli organos 

dasaxeleba da sakontaqto monacemebi; 

g) cocxali modificirebuli organizmis dasaxeleba 

da saidentifikacio monacemebi; 

d) genuri modifikaciis, gamoyenebuli meTodisa 

da maT Sedegad miRebuli cocxali modificirebuli 

organizmis Tvisebebis aRwera; 

e) cocxali modificirebuli organizmis nebismieri 

gansakuTrebuli saidentifikacio monacemebi; 

v) recipienti organizmis da mSobeli organizmebis 

taqsonomiuri statusi, saerTo dasaxeleba, 

Segrovebis an SeZenis adgili da biousafrTxoebasTan 

dakavSirebuli Tvisebebi; 

z) recipienti organizmis da/an mSobeli organizmebis 

warmoSobisa da genetikuri mravalferovnebis 

centrebi, Tu isini cnobilia, da 

adgilsamyofelis aRwera, sadac am organizmebs 

SeiZleba hqondeT gadarCenisa da swrafi gamravlebis 

SesaZlebloba; 

T) donori organizmis an organizmebis taqsonomiuri 

statusi, saerTo dasaxeleba, Segrovebis 

an SeZenis adgili, biousafrTxoebasTan dakav- 

Sirebuli Tvisebebi; 

i) cocxali modificirebuli organizmis gamoyenebis 

miRebuli formebi; 

k) riskis analizis angariSi, romelic ganxorcielebulia 

mecnierul safuZvlebze dayrdnobiT, 

riskis Sefasebis aRiarebuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT; 

l) usafrTxo mopyrobis, Senaxvis, transportirebisa 

da gamoyenebis SemoTavazebuli meTodebi, 

maT Soris, SefuTvis, markirebis, dokumentirebis, 

amoRebisa da gauTvaliswinebel SemTxvevebTan 

dakavSirebuli procedurebi iq, sadac 

es aucilebelia. 

gardamavali ekonomikis an ganviTarebad 

qveynebs, biousafrTxoebis saSuamavlo meqanizmis 

saSualebiT SeuZliaT ganacxadon, `rom uSualod 

sursaTad an cxovelTa sakvebad gamosayenebli an 

gadasamuSavebeli cocxali modificirebuli organizmis 

pirvel importamde gadawyvetilebas miiRebs 

safrTxis Sefasebis Sesabamisad. gadawyvetilebis mi- 

Reba xdeba winaswargansazRvrul vadaSi, romelic ar 

aRemateba 270 dRes”. 

unda aRiniSnos, rom kartaxenas oqmi ar exeba 

im cocxal modificirebul organizmebs, romelTa 

gadatana qveynidan qveyanaSi xdeba farmacevtuli an 

samkurnalo daniSnulebisaTvis. 

2004 wlis 27 Tebervals malaiziis dedaqalaqSi 

dasrulda biousafrTxoebis kartaxenas oqmis 

monawileTa pirveli TaTbiri, romelzec msoflios 

85 qveynis warmomadgenelma miiRo saerTaSoriso Se- 

Tanxmeba. SeTanxmeba iTvaliswinebs genmodificirebuli 

organizmebis Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebis 

Semotanaze sasursaTo uvneblobis globaluri 

wesebis SemuSavebas, romlis Tanaxmad, mwarmoeblebi 

valdebuli arian, tvirTis gagzavnis dokumentebs 

daurTon sasursaTo nedleulisa da sasursaTo produqtebis 

yvela genmodificirebuli ingredientis 

mecnieruli dasaxeleba da maxasiaTeblebi. 

7.3 mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi 

`biomravalferovnebis dacvis saerTaSoriso 

konvencia” ratificirebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis 

mier 1994 wlis 21 aprils. 

2005 wels saqarTveloSi SemuSavebuli iqna biomravalferovnebis 

erovnuli strategia da samoqmedo 

gegma, magram misawvdomobisa da sargeblis ganawilebis 

samarTlebrivi sistema dRemde ar aris SemuSavebuli. 

2008 wlis 26 seqtembers saqarTvelos parlamentis 

# 305 dadgenilebis safuZvelze saqarTvelo 

SeuerTda biologiuri mravalferovnebis konvenciis 

kartaxenas oqms. ratificireba warmoadgens imis 

erT-erT aucilebel winapirobas, rom saqarTvelom 

SeZlos genetikurad modificirebuli organizmebis 

regulirebis efeqturi sistemis amoqmedeba da 

Sesabamisi finansuri mxardaWeris miReba donori 

organizaciebisagan (UNEP - gaeros garemosdacviTi 

programa, GEF - globaluri garemosdacviTi fondi 

da sxv.) aRniSnuli daxmareba iTvaliswinebs gmo 

maregulirebeli sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmnas, mis 

Semdgom ganviTarebas, materialur-teqnikuri bazis 

ganaxlebasa da srulyofas, laboratoriebis 

aRWurvas, samecniero potencialis gaZlierebas da 

sxva qmedebebs. ratificirebis Semdeg saqarTvelos 

saSualeba miecema daareguliros savaWro urTier- 

Tobebi aSS-sTan, evropasa da msoflios savaWro organizaciasTan. 

garda amisa, qveyanas SesaZlebloba 

miecema yovel konkretul SemTxvevaSi, riskebis ga- 

TvaliswinebiT, daasabuTos da uari Tqvas cocxali 

gmo-s Semotanaze. 

ratificirebis Semdeg aucilebeli xdeba samarTlebriv 

CarCoebSi moeqces genmodificirebuli 

organizmebisa da genmodificirebuli sasursa- 

To produqtebis gamoyeneba. kanonmdeblobam unda 

uzrunvelyos am sferoSi biomravalferovnebis konvenciaTa 

da saqarTvelos sxva saerTaSoriso xel- 

SekrulebebiT nakisr valdebulebaTa Sesruleba da 

aRniSnul sferoSi sazogadoebisaTvis informaciis 

xelmisawvdomoba da gamWvirvaleoba, Sesabamisad gadawyvetilebis 

miRebisas sazogadoebriobis monawileoba. 

54

# 111 

biuleteni 

dReisaTvis qveyanaSi moqmedi kanonmdebloba arc 

kanonis da arc kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebis 

doneze ar aregulirebs genmodificirebul organizmebTan 

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs. saqarTvelos kanonSi 

aris erTaderTi normatiuli aqti `biologiuri agrowarmoebis 

ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb” (Tavi III, muxli 8), 

romelic krZalavs cxovelTaTvis sakvebi danamatebis 

saxiT genmodificirebuli organizmebis da maTi 

produqtebis gamoyenebas; saqarTvelos erovnuli 

standarti sst 68:2007 ,,bioproduqciis ZiriTadi mo- 

Txovnebi da warmoebis wesebi”, punqti 3.4, romlis 

Tanaxmad `genuri inJineriiT miRebuli produqtebi 

ar Seesabameba biowarmoebis principebs”. 

7.4 genmodificirebuli organizmebis saerTaSoriso 

sakanonmdeblo regulireba 

genmodificirebuli organizmebis maregulirebeli 

kanonmdeblobis Camoyalibeba dasavleT evropis 

qveynebSi gasuli saukunis 80-ian wlebSi daiwyo. 

am droidan evropaSi sagrZnoblad gaizarda garemosdacviTi 

organizaciebis, fermerebisa da aseve 

mosaxleobis didi nawilis winaaRmdegoba genuri in- 

JineriiT miRebuli sasursaTo produqtebis gamoyenebis 

mimarT. imisaTvis, rom evrokavSiris qveynebSi 

daculi iqnes adamianisa da cxovelis janmrTeloba, 

aseve garemo, genmodificirebuli sasursaTo produqtebi 

da rekombinantuli dnm mkacrad regulirdeba 

bazarze ganTavsebamde; evropis xuTma qveyanam 

(avstria, luqsemburgi, safrangeTi, saberZneTi da 

didi britaneTi) genmodificirebul mcenareebze 

garkveuli akrZalvebic daawesa. aRsaniSnavia, rom 

genmodificirebuli organizmebisgan Tavisufali 

zonebis Seqmnas iTvaliswinebs evrokavSiris mTeli 

rigi qveynebis kanonmdeblobebi. akrZalvebi iqna SemoRebuli 

aseve aziasa da laTinur amerikaSi. samxreTis 

bevrma qveyanam uari Tqva im sasursaTo daxmarebaze, 

romelic gm sursaTs Seicavda. 

rogorc cnobilia, evrokavSiris kanonmdebloba 

warmoadgens evropis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis 

sabWos, evrogaerTianebis sabWos, evrokavSiris sabWosa 

da evroparlamentis mier miRebul debulebebs, 

gadawyvetilebebs da direqtivebs, agreTve maT 

safuZvelze evrogaerTianebis komisiisa da evrokavSiris 

komisiis mier miRebul gadawyvetilebebs. 

igi prevenciis principiTaa Seqmnili da aRiarebs 

genmodificirebas, rogorc sarisko teqnologias, 

iTvaliswinebs ra sxva legitimur faqtorebs da 

markirebis dawesebiT Tavisufal arCevans aZlevs 

fermerebsa da momxmareblebs; gascems nebarTvebs 

konkretuli SemTxvevis uvneblobis Sefasebis safu- 

Zvelze, amasTanave iTvaliswinebs samTavrobo saeqsperto 

ganxilvis aucileblobas, uzrunvelyofs 

saxelmwifo reestris gamWvirvalobas (gm produqtebis 

komercializaciaze nebarTvebis gacema sajaroa 

internetis meSveobiT (http://gmoinfo.jrc.it). aseve sajaroa 

erovnuli mmarTvelobis organos Sefasebis 

angariSi da evropis sursaTis uvneblobis organos 

(EFSA) daskvna (http://efsa.eu.int). amasTan, sazogadoebas 

eZleva orive SemTxvevaSi komentaris gakeTebis sa- 

Sualeba). 

ZiriTadi sakanonmdeblo maregulirebeli 

dokumentebia: 

2004/204 - evrokomisiis gadawyvetileba, evroparlamentis 

2001/18 direqtiviT gansazRvruli gmos 

Sesaxeb informaciis Cawerisa da reestris Sesaxeb; 

EC 65/2004 - (Commission Regulation) debuleba, 

romelSic mocemulia gmo-sTvis unikaluri identifikatoris 

sistemis Seqmnis, misi ganviTarebisa da 

daniSnulebis sakiTxebi; 

`genetikurad modificirebuli organizmebis 

garemoSi introduqciisa da evrogaerTianebis sabWos 

1990 wlis 23 aprilis #90/220/EEC direqtivis Zaladakargulad 

cnobis Taobaze“ evroparlamentisa da 

evrokavSiris sabWos 2001 wlis 12 martis #2001/18/EC 

direqtiva, romlis Tanaxmadac kompaniebi, romlebic 

cdiloben TavianTi gmo produqcia gaavrcelon, 

evrokavSirSi Semaval romelime qveyanas warudgenen 

riskis Sefasebis srulyofil dokumentebs. Tu 

am saxelmwifos akmayofilebs riskis Sefaseba, igi 

informacias gadascems sxva saxelmwifoebs da gascems 

aTwlian nebarTvas. Tu riskis Sefaseba aradamakmayofilebelia, 

iqmneba konsultaciisaTvis 

saeqsperto komisia, romelSic gaerTianebuli arian 

eqimebi, toqsikologebi, biologebi, qimikosebi; saeqsperto 

komisiis daskvnis safuZvelze miiReba Sesabamisi 

gadawyvetileba; 

`genetikurad modificirebuli sursaTis/cxovelTa 

sakvebis Sesaxeb“ evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris 

sabWos 2003 wlis 22 seqtembris #1829/2003/EC 

debuleba, romlis ZiriTadi motivebis Tanaxmad, gm 

sursaTi/cxovelis sakvebi ar unda axdendnen uaryofiT 

gavlenas adamianisa da cxovelTa janmrTelobasa 

da garemoze; aseve ar unda Sehyavdes momxmarebeli 

SecdomaSi, etiketze savaldebuloa miTiTeba : 

`produqti Seicavs gmo-s”, ar unda gansxvavdebodes 

im sursaTisagan an cxovelis sakvebisagan, romelTa 

Canacvlebac xdeba. 

aRniSnuli regulaciis Tanaxmad àucilebelia 

dadgindes gen-modificirebuli sursaTiTa da 

cxovelTa sakvebiT gamowveuli potenciuri riskebis 

Sefasebis kriteriumebi. aseve praqtikaSi unda 

dainergos moTxovnebi, riskis Sefasebis Sedegad mi- 

Rebuli daskvnebis safuZvelze, rogorc adamianis 

moxmarebis, aseve saqonlis moxmarebisaTvis ganku- 

Tvnili genmodificirebuli sursaTisa da cxovelTa 

sakvebis bazridan realizaciis Semdgomi monitoringis 

Catarebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb”. riskis Sefasebis 

safuZvelze nebarTvis gacemaze pasuxismgebelia 

EFSA - èvropis sursaTis uvneblobis organo”, 

aseve evrokomisia, romlebic qmnian regulirebis 

komitets. es komiteti nergavs riskis marTvis er- 

Tian sistemas. nebarTvis miRebis Semdeg sasaqonlo 

produqtebi registrirdeba Ria reestrSi, romelic 

Semdgomi monitoringis sagans warmoadgens. 

#1830/2003/EC evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris 

sabWos 2003 wlis 22 seqtembris debuleba _ `genetikurad 

modificirebuli organizmebis mimoqcevis 

55


kontrolisa da markirebis da genetikurad modificirebuli 

sasursaTo da cxovelTa sakvebi produqciis 

mimoqcevis kontrolisa da markirebis Sesaxeb”, romelic 

iTvaliswinebs gmo-s warmoebis yvela etapze 

informaciisa da saTanado zomebis gatarebis SesaZleblobebs. 

aRniSnuli gulisxmobs `genetikurad modificirebuli 

produqtebis mikvlevadobisa da etiketirebis 

Sesaxeb da genmodificirebuli organizmebidan 

warmoebuli sursaTisa da cxovelTa sakvebis 

Sesaxeb da 2001/18/EEC direqtivaSi Sesul cvlilebas” 

da adgens, rom Sesabamisi informacia, nebismieri 

genmodificirebis Sesaxeb xelmisawvdomia amgvari 

organizmebisa da maTgan warmoebuli sursaTisa da 

cxovelTa sakvebis bazarze ganTavsebis yvela fazaSi, 

rac uzrunvelyofs sasursaTo produqtebze 

dinamiur dakvirvebas, am produqtebis etiketirebis 

sizustesa da sandoobas.” 2001/18EEEC direqtivis 

Tanaxmad, `monitoringis gegma aucilebel pirobas 

warmoadgens qveyanaSi gen-modificirebuli organizmebis 

mier garemos mimarT riskis faqtorebis gansazRvris 

TvalsazrisiT”. am regulaciis Tanaxmad, 

ùnda Camoyalibdes gen-modificirebuli sursaTisa 

da cxovelTa sakvebis reestri, romelSic mocemuli 

iqneba konkretuli sasursaTo produqtis Sesaxeb 

detaluri informacia produqtebis uvneblobis dasadastureblad 

Catarebuli kvlevebis, aseve nimu- 

Sebis aRebis, identificirebisa da testirebisas gamoyenebuli 

meTodebis Sesaxeb. arakonfidencialuri 

monacemebi gaxdeba sazogadoebisTvis xelmisawvdomi”, 

aseve dgindeba: 

- etiketis, warwerebis kontroli da verifikacia; 

- garemoze potenciuri gavlenis miznobrivi 

monitoringi saWiroebis mixedviT; 

- adamianis janmrTelobisa Tu garemosaTvis 

gauTvaliswinebeli riskis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi 

gmo-s Semcveli an gmo-s Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebis 

sarealizacio qselidan amoReba; 

evroregulacia 641/2004 detaluri wesebi 

1829/2003 regulaciis ganxorcielebisaTvis; masSi mocemulia 

aseve riskis Sefasebis Sedegad nebadaruli 

gmo-s SemTxveviT an teqnikuri aucileblobiT gamowveuli 

arsebobis Sesaxeb sasursaTo produqtebsa 

da cxovelTa sakvebSi. 

1946/2003, instruqcia gmo-s sazRvrebSorisi gadaadgilebis 

Sesaxeb; 

EC 2003/556 (2003) `Tanaarsebobis” koncefciaa. 

igi ganixilavs da exmareba kargi praqtikis danergvaSi 

(GMP) gmo mwarmoebel da gmo aramwarmoebel 

fermerebs. iZleva saxelmZRvanelo principebs erovnuli 

strategiis CamoyalibebisaTvis, romlis Tanaxmadac 

es `Tanaarseboba” unda iyos gamWvirvale, 

emyarebodes samecniero gamokvlevebs da pasuxismgeblobebs; 

- garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis ganxorcielebis 

principebi; 

- savaldebulo moTxovnebi postsabazro monitoringisTvis. 

EC 2004/787 rekomendacia, _ teqnikuri saxelmZRvanelo 

gmo da gmo Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebis 

nimuSebis aRebisaTvis; 

“Codex Alimentarius”- is mier gmo-s regulirebisaTvis 

komisiis mier SemuSavebulia Semdegi standartebi: 

CAC/GL 44-2003. `Tanamedrove bioteqnologiiT 

miRebuli sasursaTo produqtebis riskis analizis 

principebi”. masSi mocemulia is savaldebulo mo- 

Txovnebi, romelTa mixedviTac, gmo Semcvel an/da 

misgan warmoebul sursaTs unda Cautardes riskis 

analizi; 

CAC/GL 45-2003 `mcenareuli rekombinantuli 

dnm-is Semcveli sursaTis uvneblobis Sefasebis saxelmZRvanelo”, 

romelSic mocemulia meTodebi ase- 

Ti sasursaTo produqtebis riskebis SefasebisaTvis 

iq, sadac ganTavsebulia tradiciuli teqnologiiT 

miRebuli òreulebi”. igi iZleva aseve monacemTa da 

informaciis identifikacias, romelic aseTi SefasebisaTvis 

gamoiyeneba; 

CAC/GL 46-2003 `mikrobuli rekombinantuli 

dnm-is Semcveli sursaTis uvneblobis Sefasebis saxelmZRvanelo”, 

romelSic mocemulia aseTi sasursaTo 

produqtebis riskebis Sefaseba maTi tradiciuli 

teqnologiiT miRebuli òreulebTan” Sedarebis 

gziT. igi iZleva aseve monacemTa da informaciis 

identifikacias, romelic aseTi SefasebisaTvis 

gamoiyeneba. 

7.5 gmo-s markireba da situaciuri analizi msoflios 

sxvadasxva qveyanaSi 

evrokavSirSi #1830/2003/EC-is Tanaxmad, markirebas 

eqvemdebarebian Tanamedrove bioteqnologiebiT 

damzadebuli sasursaTo produqtebi an is produqtebi, 

romlebic Seicaven genmodificirebul organizmebs. 

kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebs Cveulebriv 

kvebis produqtSi genmodificirebuli masalebis gamoyenebis 

0,9%-ian zRvars dnm-isa da cilisaTvis. am 

zRvars qveviT produqti ar saWiroebs markirebas. 

etiketireba ar moeTxoveba iseT sasursaTo 

produqtebs, rogorebicaa xorci, rZe, an kvercxi, 

romlebic miRebulia cxovelebisagan, romelTa kveba 

xdeboda genmodificirebuli sakvebiT an mkurnaloba 

mimdinareobda genmodificirebuli nedleulisagan 

miRebuli samkurnalo saSualebebiT. 

• evrokavSiris markirebis reJimis Tanaxmad, markirebis 

moTxovnebi efuZneba ara axali dnmis 

da/an axali proteinis (cilis) arsebobas mza 

sasursaTo produqtSi, aramed ufro metad igi 

efuZneba imas, Tu ramdenad iqna gamoyenebuli 

warmoebis procesis romelime etapze genmodificirebuli 

masalisagan damzadebuli genmodificirebuli 

organizmi an ingredienti. 

• evrokavSiris aucilebeli moTxovnaa markireba 

gaukeTdes aseve gemos mimcem im danamatebs, 

romlebic miRebulia genmodificirebuli 

sursaTisagan, imis miuxedavad, Tu ra odenobiT 

aris igi warmodgenili saboloo produqtSi. 

56

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biuleteni 

• evrokavSirSi gamonakliss warmoadgens teqnologiuri 

danamatebis markireba. evrokavSiris 

regulaciebis Tanaxmad, markirebisagan Tavisufldeba 

yvela saxis genetikurad modificirebuli 

produqtebisagan warmoebuli teqnologiuri 

danamatebi, maSinac ki, rodesac axali 

dnm da/an proteini rCeba produqtSi. evrokavSirma 

misi parametrebi 10g./kg.-dan 9g./kg.-mde 

Seamcira ara-genmodificirebul sasursaTo 

produqtSi. 

• evrokavSiris regulaciebis Tanaxmad, aseve nebadarTulia 

daumtkicebeli genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis (non-approved GM foods) arseboba 

produqtSi 5 g./kg.-s odenobiT, Tu genmodificirebul 

produqts gavlili aqvs Semowmeba uvneblobaze; 

Tuki daumtkicebeli genmodificirebuli 

masala produqtSi aRemateba 0.5%-s, maSin 

dauSvebelia aseTi produqtis realizacia. 

• evrokavSiris qveynebSi SeufuTavi genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis Sesaxeb informacia ganTavsebuli 

unda iqnes an Tavad produqtis saxel- 

Tan an mis gverdiT. arc is sursaTi, romelic 

iyideba swrafi moxmarebisTvis (restornebi da 

swrafi kvebis obieqtebi), evrokavSiris debulebis 

mixedviT, ar aris gaTavisuflebuli markirebisagan. 

iaponia 

• iaponias aqvs savaldebulo markirebis moTxovnebi, 

romlebic efuZneba saboloo produqt- 

Si axali dnm-is da/an proteinis arsebobas. es 

exeba sursaTs, romelic miRebulia genmodificirebuli 

soiosagan, siminidisa da kartofilisagan, 

magram mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac 

igi aris umTavresi ingredienti da Seadgens 

produqtis sruli wonis 5%-s an ufro mets 

(janmrTelobis, Sromisa da socialuri keTildReobis 

saministro (MHLW, 2003 w.). iaponiaSi 

genmodificirebuli sursaTis uvnebloba mowmdeba 

bazarze ganTavsebis win, ris Semdegadac 

xdeba misi damtkiceba, damtkicebis Semdeg gaicema 

nebarTva misi bazarze ganTavsebisaTvis. 

• iaponiaSi gmo-markirebis wesebi damokidebulia 

imaze, Tu ramdenad efeqturia adgilze 

produqtis identurobis kontrolis sistema 

produqtis warmoSobis mixedviT. etiketze gan- 

Tavsebuli negatiuri ganacxadebi da warwerebi 

arCeviTia mxolod im sawarmoebisTvis, sadac 

adgilze funqcionirebs produqtis identurobis 

kontrolis sistema produqtis warmoSobis 

mixedviT. 

• im genmodificirebuli sursaTisaTvis, romelsac 

gaaCnia Secvlili maxasiaTeblebi, ar arsebobs 

raime damatebiTi markirebis moTxovnebi. 

• genmodificrebuli gemos mimcemi danamatebi aucileblad 

unda iqnes markirebuli Tuki saboloo 

produqtSi igi Seadgens 1g./kg.-ze (0.1%) mets. 

• iaponiis debulebebSi araferia naTqvami im sursaTis 

markirebis Sesaxeb, romlebic gankuTvnilia 

swrafi moxmarebisaTvis. 

• iaponiaSi amJamad arsebuli markirebis moTxovnebi 

genmodificirebul sursaTis Sesaxeb Zala- 

Si Sevida 2001 wlis aprilSi. 

CineTis taipei, korea da tailandi 

• CineTis taipeis, koreasa da tailands aqvT 

msgavsi savaldebulo markirebis zogadi mo- 

Txovnebi genmodificirebuli sursaTisa da im 

sasursaTo produqtebis mimarT, romlebSic 

genmodificirebuli komponenti Seadgens umTavres 

ingredients da/an Seadgens saboloo produqtis 

saerTo wonis 5 %-s (ABARE, 2003, Korea 

Food & Drug Administration (KFDA), 2001 and Ministry 

of Public Health (MPH) - Thailand, 2002). im genmodificirebuli 

sursaTisaTvis, romelTac aqvT 

Secvlili maxasiaTeblebi ar arsebobs raime saxis 

damatebiTi markirebis moTxovnebi. 

• tailandsa da koreaSi markirebis regulireba 

efuZneba axali dnm-is da/an axali proteinis 

arsebobas sursaTSi (KFDA, 2003 and MPH - Thailand, 

2002). 

• koreasa da tailandSi intensiuri wesiT rafinirebuli 

sursaTi gaTavisuflebulia markirebis 

moTxovnebisagan, Tuki aranairi axali dnm da/ 

an axali proteini ar aris saboloo produqtSi 

(FDA, 2001 and MPH - Thailand, 2002). CineTis taipeis 

debulebis mixedviT, markirebisagan gaTavisuflebulia 

intensiuri wesiT rafinirebuli 

produqtebi,: soios sousi, soios zeTi, siminidis 

zeTi, simindis sirofi da simindis saxamebeli 

(ABARE, 2003). 

• yvela saxis danamatebi, kerZod ki teqnologiuri 

danamatebi da gemos mimcemi danamatebi, 

ar Tavisufldeba markirebis moTxovnebisagan 

am sam qveyanaSi, magram es produqtebi, SesaZlebelia, 

gaTavisufldes zogadi markirebis 

moTxovnebisagan, vinaidan umetes SemTxvevaSi 

teqnologiuri danamatebi da sxva saxis danamatebi, 

rogorc wesi, savaraudod ar Seadgens 

produqtis umTavres ingredients an Seadgens 

saboloo produqtis saerTo wonis 5%-s. 

• koreaSi savaldebuloa sursaTis markireba, romelic 

`SesaZloa Seicavdes genmodificirebul 

ingredients” (sursaTis saxelwodeba), 

• koreis debuleba ZalaSi Sevida 2001 wlis 

martSi. 

• tailandis debulebebi ZalaSi Sevida 2003 wlis 

maisSi. 

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi da kanada 

• amerikasa da kanadaSi genmodificirebuli sursaTi 

bazarze ganTavsebis win Semowmdeba uvneblobaze. 

es orive qveyana miiCnevs, rom genmodificirebuli 

sursaTi imgvaradve unda iqnes 

ganxiluli, rogorc sxva danarCeni sursaTi. 

57


markirebasTan dakavSirebiT ar arsebobs raime 

zogadi saxis ,,yovlismomcveli” savaldebulo 

markirebis moTxovnebi. markireba savaldebuloa 

mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac genmodificirebuli 

sursaTi ar aris arsebiTad eqvivalenturi 

Semadgenlobis, kvebiTi Rirebulebis 

an daniSnulebiT gamoyenebis mxriv (Health 

Canada, 2003 and U.S Food and Drug Administration - 

USFDA, 2001). alergenebi aucileblad unda iqnes 

miTiTebuli iseve, rogorc sxva danarCeni 

komponentebi, romlTa gamoyenebamac SesaZloa 

garkveuli zemoqmedeba moaxdinos adamianis 

janmrTelobaze. 

• aSS-Si SemuSavebulia sawarmoTa saxelmZRvanelo, 

romelSic miTiTebulia, rom im SemTxvevaSi, 

rodesac mewarmes surs nebayoflobiT 

gaukeTos markireba Tavis genmodificirebuli 

organizmebisagan warmoebul produqts, etiketze 

ganTavsebuli uaryofiTi saxis warwerebi 

eqvemdebareba zogad debulebebs, romlebmac 

SecdomaSi ar unda Seiyvanos momxmarebeli. (US- 

FDA, 2001). 

• kanadaSi nebadarTulia sawarmoTa standartebis 

SemuSaveba etiketze ganTavsebuli nebayoflobiTi 

saxis rogorc pozitiuri, ise negatiuri 

saxis warwerebisTvis. rac Seexeba negatiur warwerebs, 

SemoTavazebuli iqna, rom nebadarTuliyo 

5%-iani zRvari genmodificirebuli masalis 

araganzrax produqtSi moxvedrisaTvis, 

rodesac produqts ukeTdeba warwera àragenmodificirebuli” 

(Health Canada, 2003). 

CineTis saxalxo respublika 

• 2001 wlis ivnisSi CineTis saxelmwifo sabWom 

gamosca debuleba, romelic garkveul procedurebs 

iTvaliswinebs genmodificirebuli 

organizmebis ganviTarebis, gavrcelebisa da 

gamoyenebis marTvisaTvis soflis meurneoba- 

Si. yvela saxis genmodificirebulma sursaTma 

Semowmeba unda gaiaros uvneblobaze da masze 

gacemul unda iqnes uvneblobis sertifikati. 

• CineTis soflis meurneobis saministrom gamosca 

debuleba, romelic exeba genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis markirebas. CineTSi garkveuli saxis 

genmodificirebuli marcvleulisa da misi 

produqtebisaTvis savaldebuloa markireba. 

maTSi Sedis soio (marcvali, fqvili, zeTi da 

RerRili), simindi (marcvali, zeTi da fqvili), 

kanola (Tesli, zeTi da RerRili) da pomidori 

(Tesli, axali pomidori da sousebi). 

• CineTSi ikrZaleba ara-genmodificirebuli 

produqtebis negatiuri markireba _ anu warwera 

`genmodifikaciisagan Tavisufalia.~ 

azia-wynari okeanis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis 

sxva qveynebi 

genmodificirebuli sursaTis markirebis saki- 

TxTan dakavSirebiT, azia-wynari okeanis ekonomikuri 

TanamSromlobis sxva qveynebSi: 

- rig qveynebs ara aqvs specifikuri debuleba, 

romelic funqcionirebs adgilze da/an igi amJamad 

ganixileba (CineTis hong-kongi, malaizia, meqsika, 

filipinebi da singapuri); 

- zogierT qveyanaSi genmodificirebuli sursaTis 

markirebis Sesaxeb ar arsebobs specifikuri 

debuleba, an genmodificirebuli sursaTis markirebis 

sakiTxi am droisaTvis prioritets ar warmoadgens 

(brunei darusalami, Cile, papua axali gvinea, 

peru da vietnami). 

gaerTianebuli samefo 

gaerTianebul samefoSi Semavali subieqtebisgan 

erT-erTi qveyana _ inglisi _ genetikurad modificirebuli 

produqciisa da organizmebis momxrea, 

Tumca Sotlandia, CrdiloeT irlandia da uelsi - 

mowinaaRmdegeni arian. amis gamo, ingliss damoukideblad 

saerTaSoriso gadawyvetilebebis miReba ar 

SeuZlia da iZulebulia angariSi gauwios samefos 

danarCen subieqtebsac. 

• gaerTianebul samefoSi ar xdeba gmo marcvleulis 

(yvela saxis) moyvana; 

• xdeba yvela im daSvebuli da sertificirebuli 

genetikurad modificirebuli marcvleulis 

Semotana, romlebic evrokavSiris mier importirebisTvisaa 

nebadarTuli. amrigad, genetikurad 

modificirebuli soios da ramdenime saxeobis 

simindis marcvlisa da puris marcvlis 

importi xorcieldeba rogorc cxovelis sakvebi; 

• adamianisaTvis sakvebad gankuTvnili gmo sursaTisaTvis 

aucilebelia markireba. 

avstria 

• avstriaSi akrZalulia genmodificirebuli Teslebi 

(Bt 176, T 25, MON 810 , Gt 73); 

• arsebobs agreTve SeTanxmeba supermarketebTan, 

raTa maT ar dauSvan genmodificirebuli sasursaTo 

produqtebis gayidva, romlebic 0,9%- 

ze met gm-ingredientebs Seicaven; 

poloneTi 

• akrZalulia genmodificirebuli Tesli MON 

810; 

• ar xdeba gmo komerciuli Tesva, Tumca 2006 

wlamde kvleviT dawesebulebebSi Catarda genmodificirebuli 

simindis sacdeli Tesva; 

saxelmwifo argumentirebulad asabuTebs bioteqnologiis 

gamoyenebis savalalo Sedegebs. ker- 

Zod: 

‣ im fermerTa, glexTa mindvrebi, romlebic 

58

# 111 

biuleteni 

im teritoriis axlos mdebareoben, sadac gmo marcvleuli 

mohyavT, ver iqnebian daculni da dabin- 

Zurebis albaToba gardauvalia, amitom isini ver 

SeZleben TavianTi produqciis, rogorc gmo-sgan 

Tavisufalis, realizacias; 

‣ fermerebs, romelTac TavianT mindvrebSi 

gmo mohyavT da romelTa teritoriidanac moxdeba 

axlomdebare mindvrebis dabinZureba, daekisrebaT 

didi sajarimo sanqciebi; 

‣ garTuldeba gmo-sgan Tavisufali reproduqciuli 

masalis moZieba; 

‣ adgilobrivi gadamamuSavebeli samrewvelo 

sawarmoebi garantias ver gascemen, rom maTi produqcia 

gmo-sgan Tavisufalia; 

rumineTi 

• oficialurad mxolod RR saxeobis soios (RR 

Soy) moyvana iyo daSvebuli, magram evrokavSir- 

Si gawevrianebis Semdeg igi aikrZala, Tumca 

SesaZlebeli gaxda MON 810t saxeobis simindis 

daTesva; 

• evrokavSirSi gawevrianebis Semdeg moxda qveyanaSi 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobis evrodireqtivebTan 

harmonizacia; 

• mkacrad xorcieldeba gmo markirebis kontroli 

EC 1829/2002-is mixedviT; 

portugalia 

• portugaliaSi gmo-sgan Tavisufali zonis statusi 

gaaCnia erT regions, 27 municipalitetsa 

da erT mcire administraciul erTeuls; 

• qveyanaSi xorcieldeba evrokavSiris mier da- 

Svebuli da miRebuli gmo-s rogorc importi, 

aseve daTesva. Teslebs, romlebic komerciuli 

TesvisTvisaa daSvebuli, unda gaaCndeT gmos 

Semcvelobis nulovani odenoba, winaaRmdeg 

SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia markireba; 

xorvatia 

gmo sursaTis warmoebis Sesaxeb; 

aRsaniSnavia, rom mTavari argumenti, ris 

gamoc miRebuli iqna adgilobrivi kanoni aris is, 

rom xorvatia mcire teritoriaa, Sesabamisad, mcire 

mindvrebiT, amdenad gmo-sgan dabinZurebisa da 

swrafi gavrcelebis realuri safrTxe arsebobs da, 

rac mTavaria, misgan organuli soflis meurneobis 

dacva SeuZlebelia. 

ungreTi 

ungreTi evropaSi simindis warmoebis moculobis 

mxriv meore qveyanaa. am mxriv ki ungreTisaTvis 

gmo-sgan Tavisufali qveynis statusi mniSvnelovania 

reputaciisaTvis. garda amisa, qveyanaSi gmo-s 

warmoebis oficialuri daSveba ara mxolod Zvirad 

Rirebuli procedurebis gatarebas, aramed damatebiT 

laboratoriuli kvlevebisaTvis gadasaxadebis 

dawesebas gamoiwvevs, romlis gadaxda savaldebulo 

iqneba yvela im kompaniisa da mwarmoeblisaTvis, 

romlebic aRniSnuli produqtebis gamoyenebas moisurveben. 

ruseTi 

miuxedavad imisa, rom ruseTis federaciam 

xeli ar moawera kartaxenas oqms, da ar aris Sesabamisad 

ratificirebuli, dReisaTvis miRebulia 

mravali normatiuli dokumenti, romlebic aregulireben 

gmo-Semcveli sasursaTo produqtebis sakiTxs. 

Seqmnilia gmo-komponentebis Semcveli sasursaTo 

produqtebis uvneblobis Semowmebis sistema, 

registraciis wesi. aseTi produqciis importisas 

aucilebelia sasaqonlo-Tanmxlebi dokumentaciis 

Semowmeba, maT Soris, saxelmwifo registraciis mowmoba. 

am dokumentis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi iReben 

gadawyvetilebas produqciis akrZalvis Sesaxeb, 

xolo dokumentis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi ganixilaven 

produqciis partiis sanitariul-higienur mdgomareobas 

da iReben nimuSs laboratoriuli gamokvlevebisaTvis. 

• xorvatiaSi 20 administraciuli erTeulidan 12 

gamocxadebulia gmo-sgan Tavisufal zonad; 

• qveynis parlamentis mier miRebulia gmo-s Sesaxeb 

ramdenime kanoni. isini gacilebiT mkacria 

evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobasTan SedarebiT; 

• kanonis mixedviT ikrZaleba genetikurad modificirebuli 

organizmebis gamoyeneba (garemoSi 

gavrceleba): 

1. dacul teritoriebze da maT irgvliv arsebul 

buferul zonebSi; 

2. organuli soflis meurneobis teritoriebze; 

3. ekoturizmisTvis mniSvnelovan teritoriebze; 

sasursaTo produqtebis markirebisas aucilebelia 

0,9 %-iani zRvaris dacva, xolo TeslebisaTvis 

0%. aRniSnuli zRvrebis gamkacreba jandacvis 

ministris prerogativaa. qveyanaSi ar aris aranairi 

nebarTva gacemuli mindvrebSi sacdel Tesvasa da 

• 2007 wlis dekemberSi kanonSi `momxmarebelTa 

uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb” Sevida cvlilebebi, 

romelTa Tanaxmadac, `sasursaTo produqtebi, 

romlebic Seicaven gmo-sgan miRebul komponentebs 

0,9%-ze meti odenobiT, eqvemdebarebian 

aucilebel markirebas. markirebisas miTiTebuli 

unda iqnes aucilebli informacia saxelmwifo 

registraciis Sesaxeb; sursaTi, romelic 

miRebulia genmodificirebuli komponentebis 

gamoyenebiT, magram ar Seicavs dnm-sa da cilas, 

damatebiT etiketirebas ar saWiroeben, Tu 

maTi kvebiTi Rirebuleba tradiciuli analogis 

identuria. 

• ГОСТ Р 52173-2003 «Сырье и продукты пищевые. Метод 

идентификации генетический модифицированных 

источников (ГМИ) растительного происхождения.» 

• ГОСТ Р 52174-2003 « биологическая безопасность. 

59


Сырье и продукты пищевые. Метод идентификации 

генетический модифицированных источников (ГМИ) 

растительного происхождения с применением биологического 

микрочипа». 

aRniSnuli meTodebi Tvisobrivia da saSualebas 

iZleva dadgenili iqnes saanalizo produqtebSi 

gmo-s arseboba an ararseboba, xolo 

• Методические указания МУК 4.2.1913-04 «Методы 

количественного определения генетически модифицированных 

источников (ГМИ) растительного происхождения 

в продуктах питания. meTodis gamoyenebiT saanalizo 

sasursaTo produqtSi konkretuli gmo-s procentuli 

Semcvelobis gansazRvra xdeba. 

7.6 genmodificirebuli sursaTis mikvlevadoba 

imisaTvis, rom mwarmoeblebma daakmayofilon 

markirebis moTxovnebi da daasabuTon is warwerebi, 

romlebsac isini ukeTeben etiketze, garkveul 

debulebebis mixedviT, aucilebelia adgilze funqcionirebdes 

sertifikaciis sistemebi, mikvlevadoba 

an produqtis identurobis kontrolis sistemebi. 

cxrilSi #7.3 (ix. danarTi) mocemulia moTxovnebi 

mikvlevadobisadmi, romelic asaxulia sxvadasxva 

qveynis debulebebSi an Sesabamisobis saxelmZRvaneloebSi. 

Tavi 8. biologiuri agrowarmoeba da 

ekologiurad sufTa sasursaTo produqtebi 

biologiuri soflis meurneobis Seqmnis ideas 

TiTqmis saukunovani istoria aqvs. XX saukunis dasawyisSi 

qimiuri da mZime mrewvelobis ganviTarebam 

xeli Seuwyo soflis meurneobaSi qimiuri sasuqebis, 

pesticidebis aqtiur gamoyenebas; axali agroteqnologiebis 

danergviT gaizarda sasoflo-sameurneo 

produqtebis mosavlianoba, Semcirda xeliT Sroma 

da, Sesabamisad, Semcirda produqciis TviTRirebuleba. 

es novacia iyo mosaxleobis sasursaTo usafrTxoebis 

uzrunvelsayofad, Tumca droTa ganmavlobaSi 

yvelasTvis, maT Soris glexebis, fermerebisa 

da mecnierebisaTvis, cxadi gaxda, rom intensiuri 

teqnologiebis danergviT mosavlianobis zrdasTan 

erTad gaizarda mavneblebis raodenoba da maTi mdgradoba 

qimiuri preparatebis mimarT, ramac Tavis- 

Tavad moiTxova qimiuri preparatebis asortimentis 

gazrda da dozebis momateba, amas ki Tan mohyva niadagis 

gamofitva, misi nayofierebis amaRlebisaTvis 

ki axal-axali qimiuri sasuqebis damateba gaxda sa- 

Wiro, TandaTan _ mTlianad Tu ara, didi wiliT _ 

soflis meurneoba qimiur industriaze gaxda damokidebuli. 

swored am periodSi pirvelad Sveicarielma 

mecnierma hans miulerma safuZveli Cauyara bioorganuli 

meurneobis koncefcias, romlis amosaval 

principebs warmoadgenda: 

• qimiur industriaze damokidebulebis uaryofa, 

mcenareTa dacvisa da niadagis nayofierebis 

amaRlebisaTvis qimiuri sasuqebis da sxva 

sinTezuri saSualebebis moxmarebis Semcireba, 

meurneobaSi arsebuli bunebrivi resursebis 

maqsimaluri gamoyeneba, sasursaTo produqciis 

realizaciis gazrda produqciis xarisxis gaumjobesebis 

meSveobiT; 

• gasaRebis bazris Seqmna im momxmarebelTa interesebis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, romlebic dainteresebuli 

arian jansaRi sakvebiTa da ekologiurad 

sufTa garemoTi; 

dReisaTvis ekologiuri soflis meurneobis 

ganviTareba da ekologiuri wonasworobis Senar- 

Cuneba mdgradi globaluri ganviTarebis prioritetul 

mimarTulebas warmoadgens, romelic socialur, 

ekologiur da ekonomikur miznebs isaxavs. 

socialuri miznebia: 

• tradiciuli sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis 

miReba; 

• sasursaTo produqciis garantirebuli uvnebloba. 

ekologiuri miznebia: 

• garemos dacva; 

• niadagis nayofierebis SenarCuneba; 

• bunebrivi resursebis SenarCuneba; 

• cxovelTa moSenebis marTebuli meTodebis SemuSaveba. 

ekonomikuri miznebia: 

• ekologiur sasoflo-sameurneo produqciaze 

bazris mzardi moTxovnebis dakmayofileba; 

• soflis ekonomikuri ganviTarebis alternatiuli 

meTodi; 

• Caketili sistemebis danergva da Sesabamisad 

garemoze negatiuri zemoqmedebis Semcireba; 

• damatebiTi samuSao adgilebi soflad. 

msoflioSi organuli produqciis warmoebas 

koordinacias uwevs organizacia IFOAM - organuli 

soflis meurneobis saerTaSoriso federacia, romelic 

daarsda 1972 wels. masSi akreditebul organizaciebs 

aqvT organuli sursaTis sertificirebis 

ufleba msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi. sertificireba 

nebayoflobiTia. 

biologiuri meurneoba aris sasoflo-sameurneo 

operaciebis mowesrigebuli sistema, romelic 

moicavs meurneobis dagegmvis, marTvisa da produqciis 

warmoebis im meTodebs, romlebic xels uwyoben 

cocxali organizmebisa da garemos iseT ur- 

TierTdamokidebulebas, rodesac SenarCunebulia 

bunebrivi wonasworoba. misi sinonimebia èkologiuri 

meurneoba”, òrganuli meurneoba”. aRniSnulis 

mixedviT, `bioproduqcia” (an sityvaTa nebismieri 

60

# 111 

biuleteni 

kombinacia, romelSic gamoyenebulia èko”, `bio”, 

òrganuli”) aris produqcia, romlis warmoebisa da 

Semdgomi gadamuSavebis, Senaxvis, transportirebis, 

SefuTvis, etiketirebisa da realizaciis wesebi Seesabameba 

biowarmoebis standarts. 

dReisaTvis msoflioSi bioproduqciis warmoeba 

da maTi gayidvis wili TandaTan matulobs (ix. 

cxrili #8.1). 

ekologiuri soflis meurneoba msoflios 100- 

mde qveyanaSia, romlis saerTo farTobi daaxloebiT 26 

458 270 heqtars Seadgens; maTgan avstraliaSi 42, 9 %-ia, 

evropaSi _ 23,8 %, laTinur amerikaSi _ 23, %, CrdiloeT 

amerikaSi _ 5,5 %, aziaSi _ 2,8 %, afrikaSi _ 1 %. 

evropaSi ekologiuri marTvis principebi danergilia 

daaxloebiT 170 aTas fermaSi; maT Soris 

avstriaSi aris 12,9 %, fineTSi _ 7,22 %, italiaSi _ 

6, 86%, SveciaSi _ 6,8%, saberZneTSi _ 6,24 %, daniaSi 

_ 6,2 %, CexeTSi _ 5,97 %, estoneTSi _ 4,59%, sloveniaSi 

_ 4,6 %, did britaneTSi _ 4,42 %, germaniaSi 

_ 4,3 %. 

2006 wlis ivlisSi saqarTvelos parlamentma 

miiRo kanoni `biologiuri agrowarmoebis ganxorcielebis 

Sesaxeb”, romelmac samarTlebrivi safu- 

Zveli Seuqmna qveyanaSi biowarmoebis Semdgom ganviTarebas. 

kanoni gansazRvravs biologiuri agrowarmoebis 

ZiriTad principebs, iZleva terminTa ganmartebebs, 

bioproduqciis warmoebis pirobebs, aseve 

velurad mzardi mcenareebisa da maTi nayofebis 

gamoyenebas biologiuri meurneobebis pirobebSi; 

bioproduqciis warmoebis, gadamuSavebis, Senaxvis, 

transportirebis, SefuTvisa da realizaciis wesebs, 

bioproduqciis importisa da etiketirebis wesebs, 

adgens biowarmoebis sertificirebas; magram 2007 

wlis 26 seqtembers kanonSi Sesuli cvlilebebis 

Sesabamisad, kanonis im muxlis moqmedeba, romelic 

gansazRvravda bioproduqciis etiketirebis wess, 

gadaido 2012 wlis 31 dekembramde. 

biowarmoebis Sesaxeb dReisaTvis SemuSavebulia 

150-ze meti kerZo standarti, 80-mde teqnikuri 

regulacia da kanoni. sxvadasxva qveynis teqnikuri 

reglamentebisa da kerZo standartebis harmonizaciis 

mizniT, Seiqmna sabaziso zogadi normebi, romlebiTac 

gansazRvrulia is minimaluri moTxovnebi 

da normebi, romlebic aucilebelia bioproduqciis 

warmoebisaTvis. swored am principebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros 

mier qarTuli arasamTavrobo organizacia _ èlkanasTan” 

aqtiuri TanamSromlobiT SemuSavebuli iqna 

saqarTvelos standarti sst - 68:2007 `bioproduqqveyana 

ekologiuri soflis meurneobis produqciis 

gayidvebis wili msoflioSi 

gayidvebi weliwadSi 

(mln.evro) 

moculobiTi wili (%) 

cxrili #8.1 

prognozi 2008 

w. (%) 

germania 800 -3100 1,7 - 2,2 5 - 10 

didi britaneTi 1550-1750 1,5 – 2,0 10 - 15 

italia 1250-1400 1,0 – 1,05 5 - 15 

safrangeTi 1200-1300 1,0 -1,5 5 - 10 

Seicaria 725-775 3,2 – 3,7 5 - 15 

holandia 445-775 1,0 – 1,5 5 - 10 

Svecia 350-400 1,5 - 2,0 10 -15 

dania 325-375 2,2 – 2,7 0 - 5 

avstria 325-375 2,0 – 2,5 5 -10 

belgia 200-250 1,0 – 1,5 5 - 10 

irlandia 40-50 < 0,5 10 / 20 

sxva evropuli qveynebi 750- 850 - - 

sul evropaSi 10000-11000 - - 

aSS 11 000 -13 000 2,0 – 2,5 15 - 20 

kanada 850 - 1000 1,5 – 2, 0 10 - 20 

iaponia 350 - 450 < 0,5 - 

okeaneTi 75 - 100 < 0,5 - 

sul 23 000 – 25 000 - - 

61


ciis ZiriTadi moTxovnebi da warmoebis pirobebi”. 

standartis SemuSavebisas gamoyenebuli iqna gaer- 

Tianebuli erebis sursaTisa da soflis meurneobis 

organizaciis (FAO) da jandacvis msoflio organizaciis 

(WHO) sasursaTo standartebis SemuSavebis 

komisiis (Codex alimentaruis _ saxelmZRvanelo miTiTebebi 

32-199 (gadasinjva 2001-1) òrganulad miRebuli 

sursaTis warmoebis, gadamuSavebis, etiketirebisa 

da marketingisaTvis”, evroregulacia (EC) # 2092 

òrganuli sasoflo-sameurneo sursaTis warmoebis 

Sesaxeb da miTiTebebi sasoflo-sameurneo sursaTis 

warmoebis Sesaxeb da miTiTebebi sasoflo-sameurneo 

produqtebisa da sakvebis Sesaxeb”; cvlilebebi, 

aseve organuli soflis meurneobis saerTaSoriso 

federaciis (IFOAM) ZiriTadi standartebi bioagrowarmoebisa 

da gadamuSavebisaTvis. aRsaniSnavia, 

rom evrokavSirSi 2007 wlis 28 ivniss gamoqveynda 

EEC # 834 regulacia, romelic aseve exeba organuli 

agromeurneobis warmoebis wesebs da cvlilebebi 

Seaqvs manamde moqmed kanonmdeblobaSi. aRniSnuli 

kanonmdebloba evrokavSiris qveynebSi amoqmeddeba 

2009 wlis 1 ianvridan. 

standarti gansazRvravs ra biowarmoebis zogad 

wesebs, amavdroulad, konkretul pirobebs adgens 

mcenaresa da mcenareuli warmoSobis produqtebsa 

da cxovelebsa da cxoveluri warmoSobis produqtebisaTvis. 

standartSi mocemulia cxovelTa sanaSene 

principebi, konversiis sakiTxebi, mecxoveleobis 

warmoebis simZlavre da sakvebis warmoebis SesaZleblobebi, 

mecxoveleobis marTva, cxovelTa kvebis 

Taviseburebani, maTi mkurnalobis meTodebi, cxovelebis 

movla, transportirebisa da dakvlis pirobebi. 

gansazRvrulia cxovelTa sacxovrebeli da garemo 

pirobebis SerCevisas cxovelis specifikuri mo- 

Txovnebi - sadgomi da saZovari pirobebi. dadgenilia 

cxovelTa dasabinavebeli nagebobebis Sida da gare 

minimaluri farTobi, niadagis nakeliT ganoyiereba 

da marTva, 1ha-ze (rac weliwadSi 170 kg. azotis ekvivalenturia) 

cxovelebis maqsimaluri raodenoba. 

standartSi calke Tavadaa mocemuli frinvelis 

warmoebis moTxovnebi, gansazRvrulia maTi 

dasabinavebeli nagebobebis Sida da gare minimaluri 

farTobi, specifikuri moTxovnebia saxeobebis 

mimarT, magaliTad, mefutkreoba da mefutkreobis 

produqtebis zogadi principebi, futkris kvebis Taviseburebani, 

futkris warmomavlobis, misi marTvis, 

janmrTelobis, daavadebebisa da mavneblebisagan dacvis 

meTodebi da mkurnalobis dasaSvebi saSualebebi. 

standarti gansazRvravs aseve saSualebebs niadagis 

nayofierebisa da biologiuri aqtivobis SenarCunebisa 

da gazrdisaTvis, niadagsa da kompost- 

Si/nakelSi mZime liTonebis maqsimalurad dasaSveb 

raodenobas, mavneblebisa da mcenareTa daavadebebis 

gamomwvevebisagan dacvas; 

standartis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad, saqar- 

Tvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2008 wlis 14 

ivlisis #113 brZanebiT damtkicebuli iqna `bioproduqciis 

warmoebisas nebadarTuli nivTierebebis 

nusxa”, romelSic mocemulia im saSualebaTa CamonaTvali, 

romelTa gamoyenebac daSvebulia biologiurad 

sufTa produqciis warmoebisas, kerZod, 

masSi mocemulia nivTierebebi niadagis nayofierebis 

amaRlebisa da kondicirebis saSualebebis, veterinaruli 

saSualebebis, sakvebdanamatebis, mecxoveleobisa 

da mefutkreobis produqciis gadamuSavebis 

saSualebebis, gadamuSavebis damxmare saSualebebisa 

da mcenareTa dacvis saSualebebis saxiT. aRniSnuli 

nusxa SemuSavebulia saerTaSoriso standartebis 

Sesabamisad (ix. danarTi, cxrili #8.2). 

aRsaniSnavia, rom saxelmwifo standartis Seqmnas 

win uswrebda kerZo standarti, romelic biologiur 

meurneobaTa asociacia èlkanam” jer kidev 

1999 wels SeimuSava da 2004 wels ganaaxla. am standartis 

dacva savaldebulo iyo asociaciis wevri 

biomeurneobebisaTvis da èlkanas” logos gamoyenebis 

msurvelTaTvis. 

kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, iseve rogorc sxva 

qveynebSi, saqarTveloSic bioproduqciis sertificirebas 

axorcielebs akreditaciis organos mier 

akreditebuli Sesabamisobis Semfasebeli organo. 

biostandartTan Sesabamisobis dadgena xdeba sawarmoo 

erTeulis inspeqtirebis safuZvelze, romelic 

SeiZleba Catardes rogorc winaswari SeTanxmebiT, 

ise gafrTxilebis gareSe. mikvlevadoba biowarmoebis 

ZiriTadi principia. biomwarmoeblebs moeTxovebaT 

sawarmoo procesis, nedleulis Sesyidvis, produqciis 

warmoebis, dasawyobebisa da gayidvis Sesaxeb 

detaluri dokumentebisa da Canawerebis warmoeba, 

romelTac warudgens inspeqtors. inspeqtori amowmebs 

sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebs, sawarmos, 

sawyobebs. bioproduqciis laboratoriuli Semowmeba 

dabinZurebaze xorcieldeba dasabuTebuli eWvis 

arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. 

asociacia èlkanas” da Sveicariis ganviTarebis 

saagentosa (SDC) da EPEK/HEKS-is mxardaWeriT saqarTveloSi 

Seiqmna biosertificirebis organo - Sps 

`kavkasserti”, romelsac miRebuli aqvs germanuli 

akreditaciis organos _ DAP-is _ akreditacia. 

Tavi 9. laboratoriebis roli 

sursaTis uvneblobaSi 

`sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb” 

saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad, sursaTis saxelmwifo 

kontroli moicavs nimuSis aRebasa da laboratoriuli 

gamocdis Catarebas. laboratoriuli gamocdis 

uflebamosileba aqvs mxolod dasaxelebul akreditebul 

laboratorias. 

akreditaciis erovnuli organos - akreditaciis 

centris mier akreditebuli laboratoriebis nusxa 

warmodgenilia cxrilSi #9.1 (ix. danarTi). laboratoriebi 

funqcionireben `produqciisa da momsaxurebis 

sertifikaciis Sesaxeb”, `gazomvaTa erTianobis 

uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonebis 

62

# 111 

biuleteni 

Sesabamisad da eyrdnobian sst en 45001 : 2006 da sst 

iso/iek 17025 : 2006 standartebs, romelTa Tanaxmadac 

isini aRiarebuli arian, rogorc teqnikurad 

kompetenturni. 

laboratoriebis roli sursaTis uvneblobaSi 

sami ZiriTadi funqciiT ganisazRvreba: 

cxovelebis gadamdebi sneulebebis aRmZvrelebis, 

mcenareTa sakarantino da sxva saSiSi mavne organizmebis 

diagnostika; aseve axali sadiagnostiko 

meTodebis, danadgar-mowyobilobebisa da sadiagnostiko 

saSualebebis aprobacia da danergva. 

bolosityvaoba 

1. saxelmwifo kontrolis dros nimuSis laboratoriuli 

gamocda; 

2. riskis SefasebaSi monawileobis miReba; 

3. referensuli (saarbitraJo) funqcia; 

dasaxelebuli laboratoriebi TanamSromloben 

sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa 

dacvis samsaxurTan, rac gamoixateba imaSi, rom: 

• inspeqtirebisas inspeqtori iRebs nimuSs dadgenili 

wesiT; 

• nimuSi igzavneba dasaxelebul laboratoriaSi; 

• analizis Sedegebi miewodeba samsaxurs; 

• Sedegebis safuZvelze inspeqtori akeTebs daskvnas 

sursaTis konkretul parametrebTan Sesabamisobis 

Sesaxeb da iRebs saTanado gadawyvetilebas. 

kanonis Tanaxmad, daSvebulia samsaxuris mier 

referentuli gamocdis Catareba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu 

romelime mxare ar eTanxmeba dasaxelebul laboratoriaSi 

Catarebuli gamocdebis Sedegebs. magram 

dReisaTvis referens-laboratoria, romelic monawileobas 

miiRebda aRniSnul saqmianobaSi, ar aris 

dasaxelebuli. 

qveyanaSi epizootiuri da fitosanitariuli 

keTilsaimedoobis miRwevisaTvis saqarTvelos prezidentis 

2006 wlis 10 maisis #307 brZanebis safuZvelze 

Seqmnilia sajaro samsaxuris iuridiuli 

piri, saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros 

laboratoria. misi struqturuli qvedanayofebia: 

- axalcixis da quTaisis monitoringis sadgurebi; 

- gurjaanis, duSeTis, marneulis, goris, zugdidis, 

ozurgeTis, ambrolauris, baTumis savele 

sadgurebi; 

laboratoriis saqmianobis sferoSi Sedis: 

• cxovelTa (m.S. frinveli, Tevzi, futkari) daavadebebis 

laboratoriuli diagnostika. cxoveluri 

da mcenareuli warmoSobis produqtebisa 

da nedleulis uvneblobis parametrebis dadgena; 

• cxovelTa paTologiuri masalis gamokvleva; 

• adamianisa da cxovelebisaTvis saerTo saSiSi 

daavadebebis gaCenis riskis Sefaseba, daavadebis 

gaCenis SemTxvevaSi seromonitoringis Casatareblad 

sinjebis aReba, daavadebis keris 

salikvidacio da sakarantino RonisZiebebSi 

monawileobis miReba. 

sayuradReboa, rom: 

saqarTvelo 1993 wlidan aris cxovelTa janmr- 

Telobis dacvis msoflio organizaciis (OIV) wevri; 

1997 wlidan _ “Codex alimentarius”- is komisiis 

wevri da, Sesabamisad, standartizaciis erovnul saagentoSi 

registrirebulia kodeqs-standartebi. 

2006 wlidan `mcenareTa dacvis saerTaSoriso 

konvenciis~ wevri. 

2006 wlidan saqarTvelo aris standartizaciis 

saerTaSoriso organizaciis (ISO) wevri da 

monawileobs mis saqmianobaSi; imave wels saqarTvelo 

SeuerTda erovnuli metrologiis institutebis 

evro-aziur gaerTianebas (COMMET), aseve 2007 

wels saqarTvelo gaxda zomisa da wonis generaluri 

koncefciis asocirebuli wevri. 2007 wlidan saqar- 

Tvelos standartebis, teqnikuri reglamentebisa da 

metrologiis saagentoSi funqcionireba daiwyo erovnulma 

sainformacio fondma da saerTaSoriso sainformacio 

centrma, romelic CarTulia vmo-s da ISOs 

sainformacio sistemebSi (www. gnims.caucasus..net). 

aRsaniSnavia, rom 2008 wlis aprilidan saqar- 

Tvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministros 

standartebis, teqnikuri reglamentebisa da metrologiis 

erovnuli saagento standartizaciis evropul 

komitetSi gawevrianda. amiT saqarTveloSi registrirebuli 

mewarmeebi da saxelmwifo maregulireblebi 

uzrunvelyofili iqnebian evropuli regulaciebis 

standartebiT. gawevrianeba SesaZlebels 

xdis produqciis Sesabamisobis dadasturebis evropuli 

wesebis SemoRebas, rac mewarmeebs Seumcirebs 

xarjebs, produqciis eqsportirebisas SesaZlebels 

xdis Tavidan iqnas acilebuli saqarTveloSi ukve 

Catarebuli gamocdebisa da gazomvebis Catareba. 

vaWrobis msoflio organizaciis wevroba saqar- 

Tvelos avaldebulebs aRiaros ekvivalenturi kontrolisa 

da inspeqtirebis procedurebi importirebul 

da adgilobrivad warmoebul produqtebze. es 

niSnavs, rom amJamad arsebuli mdgomareobiT, Tu ar 

xdeba adgilobrivad warmoebuli sursaTis inspeqtireba 

(saxelmwifo kontroli), maSin ar SeiZleba inspeqtireba 

ganxorcieldes importirebul sursaTze. 

Sesabamisad, Zalian didia riski da albaToba imisa, 

rom saqarTvelo gaxdes advilad SemosaRwevi bazari 

sxva qveynebSi dawunebuli an falsificirebuli iafi 

produqciisaTvis, romlebic Seicaven realur safr- 

Txeebs adamianis sicocxlisa da janmrTelobisTvis. 

es iafi produqcia dabali fasebis gamo konkurencias 

gauwevs adgilobrivad warmoebul produqcias 

da arasamarTliani konkurenciis pirobebSi daTrgunavs 

kidec am ukanasknels. Sedegad, dazaraldeba 

63


momxmarebelis janmrTeloba, misi uflebebi, sazogadoebisa 

da, amis Sedegad, qveynis ekonomikac. 

yvela es argumenti da aseve evropis regionSi 

sursaTis/sasursaTo produqtebis uvneblobis regulirebisaTvis 

2007 wels FAO/WHO-s mier rekomendebuli 

moTxovnebi gasaTvaliswinebelia reformis 

danergvis procesSi. amisaTvis ki saWiroa riskis analizis 

konceptualuri, sistemuri ganviTareba “CO- 

DEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION: STRATEGIC FRA- 

MEWORK 2003-2007”-is Tanaxmad, romelic xels 

Seuwyobs: 

• sursaTis uvneblobis sistemaSi riskis analizis 

principebis Tanmimdevruli ganxorcielebas; 

• riskis analizis ganxorcielebisaTvis saWiro 

saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobas, maT Soris mikrobiologiur 

safrTxeebsa da paTogenebTan 

muSaobis CaTvliT; 

• erovnul doneze riskis analizis koncefciebis, 

principebisa da maTi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebis 

gaumjobesebas, saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis 

gziT; 

• riskis analizis mTliani procesis mimdinareobisas 

gamWvirvalobis xelSewyobas; 

• riskis analizis procesSi windaxedulobisa da 

mecnieruli eWvis faqtorebis mxedvelobaSi mi- 

Rebis mniSvnelobis ganviTarebas; 

• riskis komunikaciis gaZlierebas; 

amasTanave, sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofa da 

arsebuli kanonmdeblobis realurad amoqmedeba, 

erovnuli samsaxuris potencialis gaZliereba, ker- 

Zo seqtoris mier pasuxismgeblobis gacnobiereba, 

qveyanaSi politikuri da ekonomikuri interesebis 

gavlenisagan Tavisufali riskis Sefasebis meqanizmis 

realurad Seqmna, xels Seuwyobs momxmarebelTa kvebisa 

da sursaTis moxmarebasTan dakavSirebuli janmrTelobis 

sakiTxebisadmi erTian midgomas. maTi 

sicocxlisa da ekonomikuri interesebis dacvas, 

Sida bazris efeqtur funqcionirebas, sainvesticio 

garemos gaumjobesebas, qveynis saeqsporto potencialis 

zrdasa da turizmis ganviTarebas. 

64

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biuleteni 

bibliografia 

1. saqarTvelos kanoni `sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis Sesaxeb”, 2005 weli; 

2. Rome Declaration on World Food Secrurity, 1996; 

3. Henson, S.J., The Economics of Food Safety in Developing Countries, 2003, ESA, Working, p.9-13; 

4. Regulation № 178 of The European Parliament and Europian Council, 2002; 





9. Forget, G. and Lebel, J., 2001, an Ecosystem Approach to Human Health, International Jurnal of Occupational Environmental 

Health, 7(2), S1-S389; 

10.WHO, 2002, WHO Global Strategy Strategy for Food Safety, World Health Organisation, Geneva; 

11. Zavvilli, S., 1999, WTO Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agrement: issues for Developing Countries, South Centre, Geneva; 

12. European Commission, 2000, White Paper on Food Safety; 

13. Wolf, C., 1998, Markets and Goverments: Choosing Betwen Imperfect Alternatives, MTT Press, Cambrige USA; 

14. Wilson, J.S. and Otsuki, T., 2001, Global Trade and Food Safety: Winners and Losers in a Fragmented System, Development 

Research Group, the World Bank, Washington, D.C.; 

15. ISO 22000, 2005, Food safety managment systems – recuirements for any organisation in the food chain; 

16. Umweltbundesamt, 2001, Stand der Entwiklung des Monitoring von genechnisch veranderten 

Organismen (GVO) – Materialiensammlung Stand August 2001. Berlin: Umweltbundesamt; 

17. World Commission on Envioronment and Development. Our Common Future. Oxford University Press,1987. p. 12WHO, 

2002; 

18. Food Safaty and Food-Borne Illness, World Health organisation, GenevaFAO, 2002, Biosecurity in Food and Agriculture: 

Scope and Relevance, Food and Agriculture organisation, Rome; 

19. “Monsanto Sues North American Farmers”, Friends Oof the Earth Biotech Mailout, Volume 5, Issue 2, 15 th March 1999; 

20. Oxford University Press, 2005; 

21. Mc Graw-Hill, 2006 Sagen J.C. p. 765; 

22. www.unu.edu/unupress/food 

23. Mejca L.A. Food Nutrition Bull, 1994. 15. p. ; 

24. WTO, 1995, Agreement on the Appliation of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, World Trade Organisation; 

25. Reginald J. Flether, Jan P. Bell and Janet P. Lamberd; 

26. www.mja.com.au/public 

27. òficialuri gamocema sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb” – evropis qveynebis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis 

komisiisa, briuseli 12.1. 2000 w;. 

28. Food and Health in Europe: new basis for action, summary – WHO Liberary Cataloguing in Publication Data 2006; 

29. Mazette, Stefan, Regulating food safety in the Europian Union. Estelle Gozlan er-00. Yall Journal on Regilation 6,65-107; 

30. Рогов И.Ф -Безопасность продовольственного сырья и пищевых продуктов, 2007; 

30. d. bedoSvili – bioproduqtis sertificireba, Jurnali àgroinfo”, 2007 №5 . 15-77; 

31. Risk managment and Food Safity. Repord of Joinn FAO/WHO Expert Consultation, rome, Italy, 27-32FAO Food and 

Nutrition Paper 65, FAO, Rome, 2006. January 2006; 

33. Codex Alimentarius Commission, STRATEGIC Framework 2003-2007; 

34. CAC/GL 63/ 2007, Principes and Guidelines for The Conduct of Microbiological Risk Managment (MRM); 

35. Fire Keys to safer Food World Health Organisation -2007; 

36. q. laferaSvili – iodirebuli marilis xarisxis monitoringi, meToduri miTiTebebi, 2007; 

37. q. laferaSvili – mikrobebi gviteven . Jurnali àgroinfo~ 2007, #5; 

37. vaWrobis msoflio organizacia da saqarTvelo saerTaSoriso sainformacio cnoba, Tbilisi, 2004; 

38. Food and Health in Europe – 2007; 

39. Buzby, Jean C., Paul D., Frezen and Barbara Rasko, 2001, Product Liability and Microbial Food-Borne Illness, Food and Rural 

Economics Division, Economic Research Service,US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Economic Report №799; 

40. Sheldon M. Regulation of biotechnology : willwe eer trade GMO-s? European Review of Agricultural Economics 29 (1), 

155-176; 

41. Food safetu strategic plan 2005. Availabe http www.foodsafety.gov/fsg/cstrpl (2005) ; 

42. Unnevehr L.J., Jensen H. 2006 The economic implications of using HACCP as food safety regulatory standart. Food Policy 

24(6), 625-635; 

43. Guidebook for the Preparation of HACCP plans, USDA-FSIS, may, 2005; 

44.Edward c.Matheer - Food Safety and Food Protection in a Hostile Worled – National Food Safety and Toxicologes Center, 

2004; 

45. WHO Technical Report Series N 763,788,799,815,832,851,855,864; 

46 .ISO 22005:2007 _ mikvlevadoba sursaTisa da cxovelis sakvebisaTvis. ssistemis dagegmvis zogadi 

gamoyenebis principebi; 

47. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba; 

48. www.fvp.ge 

65


veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli produqciis tranziti 

cxrili #5.1 

ses esn kodi 

dasaxeleba 

1 2 

01 jgufi cocxali cxovelebi 

0101 cxeni, viri, jori, jorcxena 

0102 msxvilfexa pirutyvi 

0103 Rori 

0104 cxvari da Txa 

0105 

Sinauri frinveli anu Gallus domesticus (Sinauri qaTami) saxeobis frinvelebi, 

ixvi, bati, indauri, cicari 

0106 sxva cxovelebi 

02 jgufi xorci da xorcis sakvebi produqtebi 

0201 xorci msxvilfexa pirutyvis, axali an Seyinuli 

0202 xorci msxvilfexa pirutyvis, gayinuli 

0203 xorci Roris, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0204 xorci cxvris an Txis, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0205 xorci cxenis, viris, joris an jorcxenis, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0206 

kvebis subproduqtebi msxvilfexa pirutyvis, Roris, cxvris, Txis, cxenis, viris, 

joris an jorcxenis, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0207 

xorci da kvebis subproduqtebi 0105 sasaqonlo poziciaSi miTiTebuli Sinauri 

frinvelis, axali Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0208 sxva xorci da xorcis sakvebi subproduqtebi, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

Roris qoni, mWle xorcisagan gamocalkevebuli da Sinauri frinvelis qoni, 

0209 00 gadaudnobeli an raime sxva xerxiT amoRebeli, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli, 

damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, gamomSrali an Sebolili 

0210 

xorci da xorcis sakvebi subproduqtebi, damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, 

gamomSrali an Sebolili, sakvebi fqvili xorcis an xorcis subproduqtebisagan 

05 jgufidan cxoveluri warmoSobis is produqtebi, romlebic ar arian dasaxelebuli sxvagan 

0502 

Roris an taxis jagari, maCvis an sxva Tma, sajagrise nawarmis warmoebisaTvis 

gamosayenebli, maTi narCenebi 

0503 00 000 00 Zua da misi narCenebi, maT Soris qvesadebiani tilos saxiT an mis gareSe 

0504 00 000 00 

0505 

danarTi 

cxovelebis (Tevzebis garda) nawlavebi, buStebi da kuWebi, mTliani an naWrebad, 

axali Seyinuli, gayinuli, damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, gamxmari an Sebolili 

tyavebi da frinvelis sxva nawilebi nakrteniT an bumbuliT; nakrteni da 

nakrtenis nawilebi, (moWrili an mouWreli kideebiT) da bumbuli, gawmendili, 

dezinficirebuli an Sesanaxad damuSavebuli, magram Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe; 

nakrtenisa da misi nawilebis fxvnili da narCenebi 

0510 00 000 00 

0511 

ambra ruxi, Taxvis yairi, civeta da muSki; naRveli, maT Soris gamxmari; 

cxoveluri warmoSobis jirkvlebi da sxva produqtebi, romlebic gamoiyeneben 

farmacevtuli produqtebis warmoebaSi, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli an sxva wesiT 

damuSavebuli xanmokle SenaxvisaTvis 

cxoveluri warmoSobis produqtebi, sxva adgilas dausaxelebeli, davardnili 

cxovelebi 01 an 03 jgufidan, sakvebad uvargisi 

66

# 111 

biuleteni 

cxrili #5.1 (gagrZeleba) 

veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli produqciis tranziti 

41 jgufidan daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyaveulis nedleuli (garda naturaluri bewvisa) da tyavi 

4101 

4102 

daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavi msxvilfexa pirutyvis an cxenebis ojaxis 

cxovelebisa (axali gatyavebuli an mariliani, gamomSrali, nacriani, pikelebuli 

an sxva meTodiT dakonservebuli, magram dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT 

gamouyvaneli an Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe) bewvis safariT an bewvis safaris 

gareSe, spiloki an araspiloki 

daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavi cxvrisa an batknisa, (axali gatyavebuli an 

damarilebuli, gamomSrali, nacriani, pikelebuli an sxva wesiT dakonservebuli, 

magram dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT gamouyvaneli an Semdgomi damuSavebis 

gareSe), bewvis safariT an mis gareSe, spiloki an araspiloki, garda mocemuli 

jgufis 1g SeniSvniT gamoricxulebisa 

sxva daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavis nedleuli (axalgatyavebuli an 

4103 

damarilebuli, gamomSrali, nacriani an sxva wesiT dakonservebuli, magram 

dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT gamouyvaneli an Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe) 

bewvis safariT an mis gareSe, spoloki an araspiloki, garda mocemuli jgufis 1g 

SeniSvniT gamoricxulebisa. 

43 jgufidan naturaluri da xelovnuri bewvi, maTi nawarmi 

4301 

nedleuli bewveulisa (Tavebis, kudebis, TaTebisa da bewveulis nawarmis 

dasamzadeblad gamosadegi sxv. nawilebisa da CamonaWrebis CaTvliT), garda 4102, 

4102, 4103 sasaqonlo poziciebis tyaveulis nedleulisa da tyavis 

51 jgufidan matyli, cxovelebis wminda da uxeSi bewvi, narTi cxenis Zuisagan da qsovili 

5101 matyli, kardo- an savarcxlur-saCeCi damuSavebis gareSe 

5102 

bewvi cxovelebisa, wminda an uxeSi, kardo- an savarcxlur-saCeCi damuSavebis 

gareSe 

95 jgufidan saTamaSoebi, TamaSobani an sportuli inventari; maTi nawilebi da sakuTnoebi 

9508 cirkis, samxecis, zooparkis, atraqcionis da moZravi Teatris cxovelebi 

67


cxrili #5.2 

veterinarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli produqciis importi 

ses esn kodi 

dasaxeleba 

1 2 

01 jgufi cocxali cxovelebi 

0101 cxeni, viri, jori, jorcxena 

0102 msxvilfexa pirutyvi 

0103 Rori 

0104 cxvari da Txa 

0105 

Sinauri frinveli anu Gallus domesticus (Sinauri qaTami) saxeobis frinvelebi, 

ixvi, bati, indauri, cicari 

0106 sxva cxovelebi 

02 jgufi xorci da xorcis sakvebi produqtebi 

0201 xorci msxvilfexa pirutyvis, axali an Seyinuli 

0202 xorci msxvilfexa pirutyvis, gayinuli 

0203 xorci Roris, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0204 xorci cxvris an Txis, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0205 xorci cxenis, viris, joris an jorcxenas, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0206 

0207 

kvebis subproduqtebi msxvilfexa pirutyvis, Roris, cxvris, Txis, cxenis, viris, 

joris an jorcxenas, axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

xorci da kvebis subproduqtebi 0105 sasaqonlo poziciaSi miTiTebuli Sinauri 

frinvelis, axali Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0208 sxva xorci da xorcis sakvebi subproduqtebi axali, Seyinuli an gayinuli 

0209 00 

0210 

Roris qoni, mWle xorcisagan gamocalkevebuli da Sinauri frinvelis qoni, 

gadaudnobi an raime sxva xerxiT amoRebuli, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli, 

damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, gamomSrali an Sebolili 

xorci da xorcis sakvebi subproduqtebi, damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, 

gamomSrali an Sebolili, sakvebi fqvili xorcis an xorcis subproduqtebisagan 

03 jgufi Tevzi da kibosnairebi, moluskebi da wylis sxva uxerxemloebi 

0301 cocxali Tevzi 

0302 

0303 

0304 

0305 

0306 

Tevzi axali an Seyinuli, 304 sasaqonlo poziciis Tevzis files da Tevzis sxva 

xorcis gamoklebiT 

Tevzi gayinuli, 0304 sasaqonlo poziciis Tevzis filesa da Tevzis xorcis 

gamoklebiT 

Tevzis file da Tevzis sxva xorci (farSis CaTvliT), axali, Seyinuli an 

gayinuli 

Tevzi, xmeli, damarilebuli an marilwyalSi: Tevzi civad an cxlad Sebolili; 

Tevzis fqvili wmindad an uxeSad nafqvavi, granulebi, sakvebad vargisi 

kibosnairni, gamoSignuli an gamouSignavi, cocxali, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli, 

xmeli, damarilebuli an marilwyalSi; kibosnairni, gamouSignavi, orTqlze 

an mduRare wyalSi moxarSuli, Seyinuli an gauyinavi, gayinuli, xmeli, 

damarilebuli an marilwyalSi; Tevzis fqvili wmindad da uxeSad nafqvavi da 

granulebi kibosnairebisagan, sakvebSi gamosayenebeli vargisi 

68

# 111 

biuleteni 



moluskebi, gamoSignuli an gamouSignavi, cocxali, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli, 

0307 

04 jgufi 

0401 

xmeli, damarilebuli an marilwyalSi, wylis sxva uxerxemloebi, gansxvavebuli 

kibosnairebisa da moluskebisagan, cocxali, axali, Seyinuli,xmeli, 

damarilebuli an marilwyalSi: fqvili wmindad da uxeSad nafqvavi da granulebi 

wylis sxva uxerxemloebisagan, sakvebSi gamosayeneblad vargisi. 

rZis produqcia: frinvelis kvercxi; naturaluri Tafli; cxoveluri warmoSobis 

kvebis produqtebi, sxva adgilas dausaxelebeli 

rZe da naRebi, Seusqelebeli da Saqris an sxva damatkbobeli nivTierebebis 

damatebis gareSe 

0403 10 iogurti 

0405 10 naRebis karaqi 

0406 yveli da xaWo 

0407 00 frinvelis kvercxi, naWuWiT, axali, dakonservebuli an moxarSuli 

0408 

frinvelis kvercxi unaWuWod da kvercxis gulebi, axali, gamxmari, orTqlze 

an mduRare wyalSi moxarSuli, formirebuli, gayinuli an sxva saxiT 

dakonservebuli, Saqris an sxva damatkbobeli nivTierebebis damatebiT an maT 

gareSe 

0409 00 000 00 naturaluri Tafli 

05 jgufidan cxoveluri warmoSobis produqtebi, sxva adgilas dausaxelebeli 

0502 

Roris an taxis jagari; maCvis an sxva Tma, sajagrise nawarmis warmoebisaTvis 

gamosayenebeli; maTi narCenebi 

0503 00 000 00 Zua da misi narCenebi, maT Soris qvesadebiani tilos saxiT an mis gareSe 

0504 00 000 00 

0505 

0510 00 000 00 

cxovelebis (Tevzis garda) nawlavebi, buStebi da kuWebi, mTliani an naWrebad, 

axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli, damarilebuli, marilwyalSi, gamxmari an Sebolili 

tyavebi da frinvelis sxva nawilebi nakrteniT an bumbuliT, nakrteni da 

nakrtenis nawilebi (moWrili an mouWreli kideebiT) da bumbuli, gawmendili, 

dezinficirebuli an Sesanaxad damuSavebuli, magram Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe; 

nakrtenis da misi nawilebis fxvnili da narCenebi 

ambra, ruxi, Taxvis yairi, civeta da muSki, cofis buzi,, naRveli, maT Soris 

gamxmari; cxoveluri warmoSobis jirkvlebi da sxva produqtebi, romlebic 

gamoiyenebian farmacevtuli produqtebis warmoebaSi, axali, Seyinuli, gayinuli 

an sxva wesiT damuSavebuli xanmokle SenaxvisaTvis 

0511 

cxoveluri warmoSobis produqtebi, sxva adgilas dausaxelebeli; davardnili 

cxovelebi 01 an 03 jgufebidan; sakvebad uvargisi 

10 jgufi pureuli marcvlovnebi 

1001 xorbali da meslini (safuraJe) 

1002 00 000 00 Wvavi (safuraJe) 

1003 00 qeri (safuraJe) 

1004 00 000 00 Svria (safuraJe) 

1005 simindi (safuraJe) 

1006 brinji (safuraJe) 

1007 00 sorgo marcvlovani (safuraJe) 

1008 wiwibura, fetvi da Tesli Citifesvasi; sxva marcvleuli (safuraJe) 

69




12 jgufidan 

1213 00 000 00 

1214 

16 jgufi 

1601 00 

1602 

1604 

zeTovani mcenareebis Tesli da nayofi; sxva Tesli, nayofi da marcvali; samkurnalo 

mcenareebi da mcenareebi teqnikuri miznebisaTvis; Cala da furaJi 

Cala da bze marcvleulisa, daumuSavebelo, daqucmacebuli an dauqucmacebeli, 

galewili an gaulewavi, dapresili an granulebis formiT 

Talgamura, Warxali safoTle mangoldi), pirutyvis sakvebi Zirnayofebi, Tiva, 

ionja, samyura, esparceTi, pirutyvis sakvebi kombosto, xanWkola, cercvela da 

analogiuri sakvebi produqtebi, granulirebuli an aragranulirebuli 

mza produqtebi xorcis, Tevzis an kibosnairebis, moluskebis an zRvis sxva 

uxerxemloebisagan 

Zexvi da analogiuri produqtebi xorcis, xorcis subproduqtebis an sisxlisagan; 

kvebis mza produqtebi, damzadebuli maT sawyisze 

mza an dakonservebuli produqtebi xorcis, xorcis subproduqtebis an 

sisxlisagan 

Tevzi, mza an dakonservrbuli; xizilala zuTxisnairebisa (Savi xizilala) da 

xizilalas Semcvelebi, damzadebuli sxva Tevzis qviriTis marcvlebisagan 

23 jgufidan kvebis mrewvelobis narCenebi da naSTebi; mza sakvebi cxovelebisaTvis 

2301 

2302 

fqvili, wmindad da uxeSad dafqvili da granulebi xorcis an xorcis 

subproduqtebisagan, Tevzis an kibosnairebisagan, moluskebis an sxva 

uxerxemloebisagan, sakvebSi gamosayeneblad uvargisi xoxozikebi 

anaceri, qato da sxva narCenebi, miRebuli pureuli marcvlovanebis an parkosani 

kulturebis marcvlis dafqvis, gacris an sxva meTodiT damuSavebis Sedegad, 

aragranulirebuli an granulirebuli 

30 jgufidan farmacevtuli produqcia 

3002 

sisxli adamianisa, sisxli cxovelebisa, momzadebuli Terapiuli, profilaqtikuri 

an diagnostikuri mizniT gamosayeneblad; imunuri Sratebi, antiSratebi) da 

sisxlis sxva fraqciebi da modificirebuli imunologiuri produqtebi, maT 

Soris miRebuli bioteqnologiuri gziT, vaqcinebi, toqsinebi, mikroorganizmTa 

kulturebi, (safuarebis garda) da analogiuri produqtebi (3002, 10 950,3002 

20 000 da 3002b90 100) qvesubpoziciebis saqonlis garda, mxolod veterinariaSi 

gamosayenebeli 

70

# 111 

biuleteni 



41 jgufidan daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyaveulis nedleuli (garda naturaluri bewvisa) da tyavi 

daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavi msxvilfexa pirutyvis an cxenebis ojaxis 

cxovelebis (axalgatyavebuli an mariliani, gamomSrali, nacriani pikelebuli 

4101 an sxva meTodiT dakonservebuli, magram dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT 

gamouyvaneli an Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe) bewvis safariT an bewvis safaris 

gareSe, spiloki an araspiloki 

daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavi cxvris an (axalgatyavebuli an damarilebuli, 

gamomSrali, nacriani pikelebuli an sxva meTodiT dakonservebuli, magram 

4102 dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT gamouyvaneli an Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe) 

bewvis safariT an bewvis safaris gareSe, spiloki an araspiloki garda mocemuli 

jgufia 1 g SeniSvniT gamoricxulebisa 

4103 

sxva daumuSavebeli tyavebi da tyavis nedleuli (axalgatyavebuli an 

damarilebuli, gamomSrali, nacriani pikelebuli an sxva meTodiT 

dakonservebuli, magram dauTrimlavi, pergamentis saxiT gamouyvaneli an 

Semdgomi damuSavebis gareSe) bewvis safariT an bewvis safaris gareSe, spiloki an 

araspiloki garda mocemuli jgufia 1 g SeniSvniT gamoricxulebisa 

43 jgufidan naturaluri da xelovnuri bewvi, mati nawarmi 

nedleuli bewveulisa (Tavebis, kudebis, TaTebis da bewveulis nawarmis 

4301 dasamzadeblad gamosadegi sxva nawilebisa da CamonaWrebis CaTvliT), garda 4101, 

4102, da 4103 sasaqonlo poziciis tyaveulis nedleulisa da tyavebisa 

51 jgufidan matyli, cxovelebis wminda da uxeSi bewvi; narTi cxenis Zuisagan da qsovili 

5101 matyli, kardo- an savarcxlur-saCeCi damuSavebis gareSe 

5102 

bewvi cxovelebisa, wminda an uxeSi, kardo- an savarcxluri saCeCi damuSavebis 

gareSe 

95 jgufidan saTamaSoebi, TamaSobani da sportuli inventari;maTi nawilebi da sakuTnoebi 

9508 cirkis, samxecis, zooparkis, atraqcionis da moZravi Teatris cxovelebi 

71


cxrili #5.3 

fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importi 

ses esn kodi dasaxeleba 

1 2 

jgufi 06. cocxali xeebi da sxva mcenareebi; bolqvebi, fesvebi da mcenares sxva analogiuri nawilebi; 

moWrili yvavilebi da dekoratiuli balaxi 

0601 

bolqvebi, tuberebi, tuberiseburi fesvebi, tuberbolqvebi, fesurebi, 

ganStoebulis CaTvliT, vegetaciuri simSvidis, vegetaciis an yvavilobis 

mdgomareobaSi; vardkaWkaWas mcenareebi da fesvebi 1212 sasaqonlo poziciis 

fesvebis garda 

danarCeni cocxali mcenareebi ( maTi fesvebis CaTvliT) kalmebi da 

0602 

gadanawvenebi; sokos miceliumi 

jgufi 07. bostneuli da zogierTi sakvebi Zirnayofebi da bolqvnayofebi 

0701 kartofili, axali an gaciebuli 

0703 

0704 

0705 

0706 

xaxvi Taviani, xaxvi-Saloti, niori, prasi da danarCeni xaxvisnairi sxva 

bostneuli, axali an gaciebuli 

Tavxveuli kombosto, yvavilovani kombosto, kolrabi, qeJera kombosto da 

Brassica-s gvaris sakvebi analogiuri bostneuli, axali an gaciebuli 

salaTa-Rosia qada (Lactuca sativa) da vardkaWkaWa (Cichorium spp), axali an 

gaciebuli 

stafilo, Talgami, sufris Warxali, Txiswvera, fesvura niaxuri, boloki da 

sxva analogiuri sakvebi Zirnayofebi, axali an gaciebuli 

0707 kitri da korniSonebi, axali da gaciebuli 

0708 parkosani bostneuli, daCurCuli an dauCerCavi, axali an gacivebuli 

0709 bostneuli danarCeni, axali da gaciebuli 

0713 

0714 

parkosani bostneuli xmeli, daCurCuli, saTesle, qerqisagan gaclili an 

gaucleli, damtvreuli an daumtvreveli 

manihoti, maranTa, salepi, miwis msxali anu topinamburi, tkbili 

kartofili, anu batiti da sxva analogiuri Zir-nayofebi da bolqvnayofebi 

saxameblis an inulinis maRali SemcvelobiT, axali, gacivebuli, gayinuli an 

xmeli, mTeli an daWrili patara naWrebad 

jgufi 08. saWmeli xili da kakali. citrusovnebisa an nesvebis kulturebis qerqi da kani 

0801 

kakali qoqosis, braziliuri da keSiu, axali an xmeli, naWuWgaclili an 

naWuWgaucleli, kaniT an kanis gareSe 

0802 

kakali danarCeni, axali an xmeli, naWuWgaclili an naWuWgaucleli, kaniT an 

kanis gareSe 

0803 00 bananebi, plantainebis CaTvliT, axali an xmeli 

0804 

finiki, leRvi, ananasi, avokado, guiava, mango da mangostani anu garcinia, 

axali an xmeli 

0805 citrusebi, axali an xmeli 

0806 yurZeni, axali an xmeli 

0807 nesvi (sazamTros CaTvliT) da papaia, axali 

0808 vaSli, msxali da komSi, axali 

72

# 111 

biuleteni 


fitosanitarul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli mcenareuli warmoSobis produqciis importi 

0809 gargari, alubali, bali, atami, (neqtarinebis CaTvliT), qliavi da RoRnoSo, axali 

0810 xili danarCeni, axali 

0813 

xili xmeli, 0801-0806 sasaqonlo poziciebis garda, mocemuli jgufebis kaklebis an 

xmeli nayofebis narevebi (sWirdeba fitosanitaruli sertifikati) 

jgufi 09. yava, Cai, mate, anu paragvais Cai da saneleblebi 

jgufi 0901-dan 

yava mouxalavi, yavis CenCo da yavis marcvlis garsi 

jgufi 10. marcvlovanebi 

1001 xorbali da meslini 

1002 00 000 00 Wvavi 

1003 00 qeri 

1004 00 000 00 Svria 

1005 simindi 

1006 brinji 

1007 00 sorgo marcvlovani 

1008 wiwibura, fetvi da Tesli Citifesvasi, danarCeni marcvleuli 

jgufi 11. fqvil-burRuleuli mrewvelobis produqcia; alao; saxamebeli; inulini; xorblis webogvara 

1107 alao mouxalavi 

jgufi 12. zeTovani Teslebi da nayofebi; danarCeni Teslebi; nayofebi da marcvali; samkurnalo mcenareebi da 

mcenareebi teqnikuri miznebisaTvis; Cala da furaJi 

1201 00 soios marcvali, daumsxvreveli 

1202 araqisi, mouxalavi an raime sxva meTodiT moumzadebeli 

1204 00 Tesli selisa, daumsxvreveli 

1205 Tesli rafsisa, anu kolzisa, daumsxvreveli 

1206 00 Tesli mzesumzirisa, daumsxvreveli 

1207 Tesli da nayofebi sxva zeTovani kulturebisa, daumsxvreveli 

1209 Tesli, nayofebi da sporebi saTesad 

Talgamura, safoTle Warxali (mangoldi), pirutyvis sakvebi Zirnayofebi, 

1214-dan 

Tiva, ionja, samyura, pirutyvis sakvebi kombosto da analogiuri produqtebi, 

aragranulirebuli 

jgufi 18. kakao da produqtebi misgan 

1801 00 000 00 kakaos marcvali, mTeli, nedli 

jgufi 44. merqani da misi nawarmi; xis naxSiri 

4401 nafoti an burbuSela; naxerxi da xis narCenebi 

4403 

xe-tyis masala, daumuSavebeli, qerqiani an uqerqo, an naqurTvni an tlanqad 

daZelvili an daZelvis gareSe (4410-is garda) 

merqani sakasre; morebi dapobili; xis ximinjebi da sarebi da boZebi, wawvetebuli, 

magram sigrZiv dauxerxavi; xe-tyis masala tlanqad gaTlili, magram gauCarxavi, 

4404 

gauRunavi an sxva wesiT daumuSavebeli, gamosayeneblad xel-joxebis, qolgebis, 

instrumentebis saxelurebis an analogiuri nawarmis dasamzadeblad; merqani 

qerqgaclili da analogiuri 

4406 10 000 00 xis Spalebi rkinigzis an tramvais liandagebisaTvis, gauJRenTavi 

xe-tyis masala gaswvriv daxerxili an dapobili Sreebad, dapobili an Sponaxdili, 

4407 

garanduli an gaurandavi, gaxexili an gauxexavi, torsuli SeerTebis mqone an 

armqone, sisqiT 6 mm-ze meti 

daxerxili xe-tye (parketis Tamasebisa da frizis CaTvliT, auwyobeli) 

daprofilebuli pagonaJis saxiT (qimebiT, TxemebiT, RarebiT, narandiani, CamoTlili 

4409 

kideebiT, naxevrad momrgvalebuli narimandis SeerTebis saxiT, nebismieri nawiburis 

torsis an sibrtyis gaswvriv, garanduli an gaurandavi, gaxexili an gauxexavi 

kodis gareSe niadagi nebismieri saxiT 

kodis gareSe cocxali mwerebi samecniero miznebisaTvis 

kodis gareSe 

baqteriebis, sokoebis, virusebis cocxali kulturebi, cocxali tkipebi da 

nematodebi samecniero miznebisaTvis 

73


cxrili #5.4 

im qveynebis nusxa, sadac gamovlenilia cxovelTa saSiSi infeqciuri daavadebebi 

# daavadebis dasaxeleba qveynebi, sadac gamovlenilia daavadebebi 

1. jilexi 

2.. aueskis daavadeba 

3. Turquli 

4 brucelozi 

5. tuberkulozi 

6. 

infeqciuri rinotraqeiti/ 

infeqciuri vulvovaginti 

7. Rrubliseburi encefalopaTia 

8 brucelozi 

9. 

cxvris kataruli cxeleba 

(blutangi) 

10 wvrilfexa pirutyvis Wiri 

avRaneTi, albaneTi, angola, botsvana, burkina faso, gana, gvatemala, 

gvinea, gvinea-besau, eTiopia, ekvadori, eriTrea, TurqeTi, indonezia, 

iordania, irani, kameruni, kolumbia, mianmari, namibia, nikaragua, 

ruanda, samxreT afrikis respublika, senegali, siria, tajikeTi, togo, 

urugvai, filipinebi, Cadi, Cile 

belorusia, bolovoa, bulgareTi, korea, kuba, espaneTi, irlandia, 

iaponia, meqsika, filipinebi, poloneTi, portugalia, rumineTi 

avRaneTi, bahreini, benini, bolovoa, botsvana, brazilia, burkinafaso, 

burundi, butani. gana, gvinea, didi britaneTi, egvipte, eTiopia, 

ekvadori,erayi, vietnami, TurqeTi,indoeTi, iordania, irani, irlandia, 

israeli, kameruni, kviprosi, kolumbia, kongo, korea, malavi, malaizia, 

mali, mianmari, monRoleTi, namibia, peru, ruseTi (amuris olqi), 

samxreT afrikis respublika, saudis arabeti senegali, tailandi, 

quveiti, centraluri afrikis respublika, Cadi, CineTi 

albaneTi, alJiri, angola, bahreini, bolivia, bisnia-hercogovina, 

burkina-faso, gvatemala, dominikis respublika, egvipte, eriTrea, 

eTiopia, indonezia, irani, libani, kolumbia, kongo, korea, kot-diuari, 

kuba, mali, maroko, mianmari, mozambiki, namibia, nikaragua, paragvai, 

peru, ruanda, samxreT afrikis respublika, saudis arabeti, tailandi, 

tunisi, uganda, Sri-lanka, Cile 

albaneTi, alJiri, angola, bahreini, benini, bolivia, burkina-foso, 

urundi, gana, gvatemala, ekvadori,etiopia, indonezia, kolumbia, 

kongo, kuba, magadaskari, malavi, mali, maroko, mozambiki,nikaragua, 

panama, ruanda, taipei (CineTi), tailandi, togo, tunisi, Cile 

avstria, angola, argentina, belorusia, bolivia,brazilia, germania, 

gvatemala, dominikis respublika, iaponia, indonezia, irani, irlandia, 

israeli, kolumbia, kosta rika, kuba, luqsemburgi, maroko, namibia, 

nikaragua, paragvai, portugalia, slovakia, tunisi, urugvai, Cile 

avstria, belgia, germania, didi britaneti, espaneti, irlandia, italia, 

kanada, poloneTi,portugalia, safrangeti, slovaketi, slovenia, 

Sveicaria, holandia 

cxvrisa da Txis daavadebebi 

albaneTi, alJiri, bosnia-hercogovina, bulgareti, turqeti, libani, 

nikaragua, omani, palestinis avtonomiuri teritoria, paragvai, peru, 

portugalia,saudis arabeti, siria, tailandi, tajiketi, tunisi, 

xorvatia (split damedinska) 

aSS, belgia, germania, dania, didi britaneTi, espaneti, irani, israeli, 

italia, maroko, samxreT afrikis respublika, safrangeTi, Sveicaria 

avRaneTi, arabetis gaerTianebuli saemiroebi, benini burkinafaso, 

gana, gvinea, gvinea-bisau, etiopia,eritria, TurqeTi, iemeni, 

irani, israeli, kameruni, kongo, kuveiti, mali, mavritania, nepali, 

nigeria,omani, pakistani, palestinis avtonomiuri teritoria, saudis 

arabeti, senegali, tajikeTi, togo, centraluri afrikis respublika, 

Cadi 

74

# 111 

biuleteni 



angola, argentina, benini, brazilia, bulgareTi, burkina-foso, 

11. cxvris da Txis yvavili 

burundi, gvatemala,ekvadori, vietnami, irlandia, kameruni, kongo, 

laosi, libani,madagaskari, malavi, nikaragua, paragvai, peru, togo, 

Cile 

cxenebis daavadebebi 

12 infeqciuri/kontagiozuri metriti aSS, germania, SvedeTi, Sveicaria, 

13 influenca (gripi) 

argentina, aSS, brazilia, dania, dominikis respublika, iaponia, 

irlandoa, israeli, kanada, maroko, monroleTi, norvegia, paragvai, 

safrangeTi, serbia, urugvai, SvedeTi, cile 

14 rinopnevmonia 

avstralia, argentina, aSS, axali zelandia, dania, dominikis 

respublika, iaponia, irlandia, israeli, kanada, kuba, maroko, norvegia, 

portugalia, safrangeTi, urugvai, fineTi, SvedeTi, Sveicaria, Cile 

15 qoTao brazilia, monRoleTi, norvegia, filipinebi 

16 infeqciuri anemia safrangeTi 

17 venesueluri encefaliti kolumbia, gvatemala 

Roris daavadebebi 

18 afrikuli Wiri 

avRaneTi, angola, benini, burkina-faso, burundi, gana, gvinea-bisau, 

zambia, kameruni, kenia, kongo, madagaskari, malavi, mozambiki, namibia, 

nigeria,ruanda, senegali, tanzania, togo, somxeti, uganda 

19 klasikuri Wiri 

bolovoa, bosnia-hercogovina, brazilia (svara), bulgareTi (sniadovo), 

gvatemala, ekvadori, indonezia, kolumbia, korea,kuba, madagaskari, 

minmari, nikaragua, peru, rumineti, samxreT afrika, serbia, slovakia, 

somxeti, tailandi, ungreTi (nogradi), filipinebi, xorvatia 

frinvelis daavadebebi 

20 infeqciuri bronqiti 

angola, argentina, axali zelandia, belizi,bolivia, burkina-faso, 

germania, gvatemala, dania, didi britaneTi, eriTrea, indonezia, irani, 

israeli, iaponia, kuveiti, kolumbia, korea, libani, madagaskari, mali, 

mianmari, nikaragua, norvegia, palestinis avtonomiuri teritoria, 

paragvai, portugalia, ruanda, taipei, tailandi, togo urugvai, 

filipinebi, SvedeTi, Cile 

21 

maRalpaTogenuri gripi 

22 niukaslis daavadeba 

avRaneTi, azerbaijani, angola, argentina, axali zelandia, bangladeSi, 

belizi, benini, bolovia,burkina-faso, germania, gvatemala, dania, 

didi britaneti, egvipte, eritrea, vietnami, turqeti,iaponia, 

indoeti, indonezia, irani, israeli, kolubmia, korea, kuveiti, 

libani, madagaskari, mali, mianmari, moldaveTi,nikaragua, norvegia, 

paragvai, pakistani, poloneti,portugalia, ruanda, rumineTi, ruseTi, 

palestinis avtonomiuri teritoria, tailandi, taipei (cineTi), togo, 

samxret afrikis respublika, sudani, siria, urugvai, filipinebi, 

Svedeti, Cile, cineti, xorvatia, honkgongi 

avRaneTi, albaneTi, angola, bahreini, belgia, benini, bolovoa, 

bocvana, bulgareTi, burkina-faso, burundi, gana, gvinea, gvinea-bisau, 

eritrea, eTiopia,zambia,zimbvave, TurqeTi,iaponia, indoeTi, indonezia, 

irani, israeli,italia (pordenone), kameruni, kolumbia, kongo, korea, 

kuveiti, lesoto, libia, madagaskari, malaizia, malavi, mali, meqsika, 

mianmari,mozambiki, namibia, nepali, omani, randa, rumoneTi, saudis 

arabeTi, senegali, serbia, slovakeTi, somxeTi, sudani, tajikeTi, 

taipei, tanzania, palestinis avtonomiuri teritoria, togo, uganda, 

ukraina, filipinebi, centraluri afrikis respublika, Sri lanka, Cadi, 

CexeTi, haiti 

75




23 miqsomitozi 

24 hemoragiuli daavadeba 

25 amerikuli sidample 

26 evropuli sidample 

27 varoatozi 

bocveris daavadebebi 

avstria, argentina, belgia, germania, dania, didi britaneTi, irlandia, 

italia,kosta-rika, paragvai, poloneTi, portugalia, safrangeTi, 

slovenia, CexeTi,Cile 

avstralia, axali zelandia, germania, didi britaneTi, 

espaneTi,irlandia, italia, luqsemburgi, portugalia, safrangeTi, 

slovenia, tunisi, Sveicaria, CexeTi 

futkris daavadebebi 

avstralia, avstria,aljiri, argentina, aSS, axali zelandia, belgia, 

bosnia-hercogovina, brazilia, bulgareTi, dania, didi britaneTi, 

germania, estoneTi, TurqeTi, iaponia, irlandia, israeli, italia, 

libani, luqsemburgi, kanada, kviprosi, kosta-rika, kuba, poloneTi, 

portugalia, rumineTi, saberZneTi, safrangeTi, serbia,slovakeTi, 

slovenia, urugvai, fineTi, SvedeTi, Sveicaria, CexeTi, Cile, xorvatia, 

holandia 

avstria, alJiri, argentina, aSS, germania, didi britaneTi, iaponia, 

israeli,libani, kanada, kosta-rika, kuba, poloneTi, rumineTi, 

saberZneTi, safrangeTi,urugvai,fineTi, SvedeTi, Sveicaria 

alJiri, argentina, aSS,axali zelandia, belorusia, bosniahercogovina, 

bulgareTi, germania, gvatemala, didi britaneTi, dania, 

espaneTi, TurqeTi, iaponia, irlandia, israeli, italia, kanada, kostarika, 

latvia, libani, lixtenSteini,litva, luqsemburgi, nikaragua, 

norvegia, paragvai,poloneTi, portugalia, rumineTi, saberZneTi, 

safrangeTi,serbia, ukraina, urugvai, fineTi, SvedeTi, Sveicaria, 

CexeTi, Cile, holandia 

sxva daavadebebi 

28 leptospirozi 

bulgareTi, gvatemala, didi britaneTi, espaneTi, iaponia, 

irani, irlandia, israeli, kanada, kolubmia, kosta-rika, 

nikaragua,portugalia, serbia, slovakeTi,slovenia, tunisi, 

safrangeTi, urugvai,Sri-lanka, xorvatia 

29 cofi 

albaneTi, alJiri, belizi, bolovoa, bosnia-hercogovina, 

bocvana,brazilia, bulgareTi,burkina-faso, butani, gvatemala, dania, 

espaneTi, estoneTi, TurqeTi, indonezia, irani, israeli, kanada, 

kolumbia, korea, kosta-rika, latvia,lesoto, meqsika, moldaveTi, 

namibia, nikaragua, omani, panama, paragvai, peru, poloneTi, rumineTi, 

saudia arabeTi, serbia, slovakeTi, slovenia, tunisi, safrangeTi, 

urugvai, Sri-lanka, xorvatia 

30 “riftis velis” cxeleba iemeni, sudani, kenia 

31 qu-cxeleba 

32 marekis daavadeba 

33 mikoplazmozi 

argentina, bosnia-hercogovina, bulgareTi, didi britaneTi, kviprosi, 

saberZneTi, safrangeTii, urugvai, Sveicaria, Cile, xorvatia, holandia 

angola, argentina, bolivia, didi britaneTi, iaponia, 

indonezia,kolumbia, korea, madagaskari, malavi, mianmari, paragvai, 

slovenia, taipei (CineTi), tailandi, urugvai, filipinebi, Cile 

avstralia, angola, argentina, axali zelandia, belgia, bolovoa, 

bocvana, germania, didi britaneTi, espaneTi, iaponia, indoeTi, 

indonezia, irlandia, israeli, kolubmia, korea, kuba, malavi, mianmari, 

saberZneTi, filipinebi, SvedeTi, urugvai 

76

# 111 

biuleteni 

cxrili #6.2 

fqvilisa da burRuleulis fortificirebis normebi da misi regulirebis safuZvlebi 

qveyana 

sasursaTo 

produqti 

regulireba 

nutrienti 

aucilebeli done 

mg/kg 

samxreT 

afrika 

samxreT 

afrika 

zambia 

puri xorblisa 

(TeTri) 

puri xorblisa 

( ruxi ) 

gamdidrebuli 

fqvili 

aqti #54, 1972w. 

aprili 2003 

aqti #54, 1972w. 

aprili 2003 

2001 wlis 

mTavrobis 

#90 dadgenileba 

vitamini A - 

vitamini B 1 

2, 49 

vitamini B 2 1, 42 

niacini 27,91 

piridoqsini 2,13 

foliumis mJava 0,4 

rkina 32,26 

TuTia 15,30 

vitamini A - 


2,54 

vitamini B 2 1,39 

niacini 41,59 



rkina 34,79 

TuTia 20,07 


- 

vitamini B 2 3,3-4,5 

nikotinis mJava 35,5-44,4 

rkina 28,9-36,7 


simindis fqvili 

2001 wlis 

mTavrobis 

#90 dadgenileba 

vitamini A 


2,4 


2,0 

niacini 22,4 



rkina 12,0 

TuTia 12,0 

avstralia fqvili dacexvili standarti vitamini B 1 

.>6,4 


> 6,38 

bahreini 

vitamini B 

gamdidrebuli standarti 

2 

>3,96 

niacini 36,30, 

kalciumi 6,38 


>3,96 

niacini >52,91 


vitamini D 2,8 

rkina >36,30 

kalciumi


cxrili #6.4 

cximebis fortificirebis normebi da Sesabamisi fortifikantebi 

qveyana 

sasursaTo 

produqcia 

regulireba 

nutrienti 

aSS margarini 21 CFR 166.10 vitamini A 33000 

kanada 

margarini 

aqti da dadgenileba sursaTsa da 

medikamentebze B 09.016 

Cile margarini sanitariuli reglamenti st.263 13.05.1997 

kolumbia margarini rezolucia 11488/84 st.52 22.08.1984 

vitamini A

# 111 

biuleteni 

sasursaTo produqtebi, romlebic miRebulia 

genmodificirebuli organizmebisagan 

cxrili #7.1 

soio 

sasursaTo nedleuli 


1. soios marcvlebi 

2. soios aRmonaceni 

3. soios cilis koncentrati da misi teqstuirebuli forma 

4. soios cilis izolati 

5. soios cilis hidroizolati 

6. soios fqvili da misi teqsturirebuli forma 

7. soios rZe (rZis Semcvleli) 

8. mSrali rZis Semcvleli soios mSrali rZe 

9. dakonservebuli soio 

10. soios moxarSuli marcvlebi 

11. soios moxaluli marcvlebi 

12. soios fqvili moxaluli 

13. produqtebi, romlebic miiReba soios cilis izolatis, soios cilis koncentratis, 

soios cilis hidrolizatiT, soios fqvilis, soios mSrali rZis gamoyenebiT; 

14. soios fermentirebuli produqtebi 

15. soios pasta da misi produqtebi 

16. soios sousi 

17. soios rZis gamoyenebiT miRebuli produqtebi (tofu, nayini, maionezi) 

18. soios karaqi 

19. 1-20 punqtSi miTiTebuli produqtebis gamoyenebiT miRebuli produqtebi; 

simindi 

1. simindi, uSualod sakvebad gamoyenebisaTvis 

2. fqvili, burRuli da sxv. 

3. fqvili Sereuli, 5%-ze meti simindis fqviliT; 

4. simindis zeTi 

5. simindi gayinuli da dakonservebuli 

6. popkorni 

7. simindis Cipsebi 

8. simindis saxamebeli 

9. maltodeqstrinebi 

10. glukoza 

11. fruqtoza 

12. badagi, oligosaqaridebi. 

kartofili 

1. kartofili uSualod gamoyenebisaTvis 

2. naxevarfabrikatebi, swrafadgayinuli 

3. kartofilis piure, mSrali 

4. kartofilis fantela 

5. kartofilis Cipsebi 

6. kartofilis krekerebi (naxevarfabrikatebi) 

7. kartofilis moxaluli produqtebi, burbuSela, Cxirebi 

8. kartofilis koncentrati – fqvili aladebisaTvis, kartofilis varenikebi 

kartofilis piure, romelic moxarSvas ar saWiroebs; 

9. kartofilis swrafi momzadebis produqtebi, mSrali, advilad aRdgenadi 

10. kartofilis melasa 

11. saxamebeli 

12. badagi, oligosaqaridebi 

79





pomidori (tomati) 

1. pomidori naturaluri, uSualod moxmarebisaTvis 

2. tomatis pasta 

3. tomatis piure 

4. tomatis wveni, sasmeli 

5. tomatis sousi, ketCupi 

6. 1-5 komponentebis Semcveli produqtebi 

Yyabayi 

nesvi 

papaia 

vardkaWaWa 

Saqris Warxali 

rafsi 

seli 

bamba 

xorbali 

mzesumzira 

brinji 

stafilo 

1. yabayi naturaluri 

2. yabayis gamoyenebiT moRebuli produqtebi 

1. nesvi naturaluri 

2. nesvis gamoyenebiT miRebuli 

1. papaia naturaluri 

2. papaias gamoyenebiT miRebuli produqtebi 

1. vardkaWaWas Semcveli produqtebi 

1. Saqari; 

2. glukoza; 

3. fruqtoza; 

1. rafsis gadamuSavebis produqtebi maT Soris: rafsis zeTi 

da misi Semcveli produqtebi, Tesli daqucmacebuli, dauqucmacebeli 

selis zeTi da misi Semcveli produqtebi 

bambis zeTi da misi Semcveli produqtebi 

1. naturaluri 

2. xorblisgan miRebuli produqtebi, maT Soris, puri da 

purfunTuSeuli 

mzesumziris marcvlebi, zeTi, maTgan miRebuli produqtebi; 

brinjis Semcveli produqtebi, maT Soris: 

1. brinji danawevrebuli; 

2. brinjis fqvili; 

3. brinjis granulebi; 

4. brinjis Cipsebi da burbuSela; 

5. mza produqtebi, romlebic miiReba brinjis marcvlebis 

moxalviT; 

axali an gaciebuli, maT Soris: 

uSualod gamoyenebisaTvis, naturaluri 

an dakonservebuli 

1.stafilos wveni 

80

# 111 

biuleteni 




Talgami 

xaxvi, niori 

axali an gaciebuli, maT Soris: 

uSualod gamoyenebisaTvis, naturaluri 

an dakonservebuli 

xaxvi, niori, maTi Semcveli produqtebi, maT Soris : 

1. axali an gacivebuli 

2. mSrali, danawevrebuli an fxvnilis saxiT, romelic ar 

saWiroebs Semdgom gadamuSavebas; 

dakonservebuli ZmriT an ZmarmJaviT; 

muxudo 

wiwaka, badrijani 

yava 

yurZeni 

sakvebdanamatebi 

biologiurad aqtiuri danamatebi da 

aromatizatorebi 

muxudo da misi Semcveli produqtebi: 

1. mSrali, kangaclili, kangaucleli, dapobili an daupobeli; 

2. dakonservebuli Zmris gareSe; 

wiwaka, badrijani, maTi Semcveli produqtebi, maT Soris: 

axali an dakonservebuli ZmarmJaviT; 

yava moxaluli an mouxalavi, kofeiniT an kofeinis gareSe, 

yavis kani, yavis sasmelebi; 

yurZeni axali an gamomSrali, wvenebi, nayenebi, neqtari; 

gm – ingredientebidan miRebuli 

gm-ingredientebidan miRebuli 

gmi-komponentebis Semcveli 

E 101 da E 101A (B 2 , riboflavini), emateba fafebs, 

ualkoholo sasmelebs, gasaxdom saSualebebs, 

E 150 karameli, Saqris koleri 

E 153 karbonati, mcenareuli naxSiri 

E 160 a (beta -karotini, pro-vitamini, reTinoli) 

E 160b anattos eqstraqti 

E 160d likopini 

E 234 nizini 

E 235 natamicini 

E 270 rZemJava 

E 300 vitamini C askorbinis mJava 

E 301-dan E 305-mde -askorbatebi 

E 306-dan E 310-mde – tokoferoli 

E 320 (BHA) buTilhidroqsianizoli 

E 321 (BHT) buTilhidroqsiltoluoli 

E 322 lecitini, E 325-dan E 328-mde laqtatebi 

E 330 limonmJava 

E 415 qsantini 

E 459 beta-ciklodeqstrini 

E 460-dan E 470-mde (celuloza) 

81





E 470 -dan E 570 marilebi da cximovani mJavebi 

E 471, E 472, E 473, E 475, E 476, E 479, E 481, marilebi 

E 620-dan E 634-mde (glutaminis mJava da glutamatebi) 

E 626-dan E 629 guanilmJava da gualinatebi 

E 630-dan E 633-mde inozinmJava da inizinatebi 

E 951 aspartami 

E 953 izomaltiti 

E 957 taumatini 

E 965 maltiti 

limoni, forToxali, 

mandarini, greifruti, 

qeri, 

araqisi, 

kombosto, 

kitri, 

zeTisxili, 

vaSli, msxali, komSi, 

alubali, gargari, qliavi, 

Cai, 

kivi, ananasi 

} damuSavebisa da danergvis stadiaSia 

82

# 111 

biuleteni 

biousafrTxoebis kanonmdebloba msoflioSi 

(momzadebulia sasursaTo uvneblobis centris informaciis mixedviT, 

vaSingtoni, aSS, Tebervali, 2006 weli) 

cxrili #7.2 

a f r i k a 

qveyana 

kartaxenas 

oqmi 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul 

moyvanagamozrdaze 

akrZalvebi 

importze 

alJiri 

ratificir. 

2000 w. dekemberi, gm mcenareebis 

importis, gavrcelebis, 

komercializaciisa da utilizaciis 

akrZalvis Sesaxeb ministris brZaneba 

angola 

xelmower. 

2004 wlis 

dekemberi,gm 

-produqtebis 

importsa da 

gamoyenebaze 

akrZalva, garda 

humanitaruli 

daxmarebiT 

miRebuli fqvilisa 

benini 

xelmower. 

2002 wlis aprili. xuTwliani 

moratoriumi gmo da gm- komponentebis 

Semcveli produqtebis komerciul 

moyvana/gamozrdasa da gamoyenebaze 

botsvana 

ratificir. 

burkina-faso 

ratificir. 

gambia 

ratificir. 

gana 

ratificir. 

gvinea 

xelmower. 

egvipte 

ratificir. 

eTiopia 

ratificir. 


ratificir. 

2002 wlis ivlisSi 

mTavrobam akrZala 

transgenuri 

humanitaruli daxmareba, 

akrZalva moqmedebs 

dRemde, Tumca misi 

realizaciisaTvis 

sakanonmdeblo baza ar 

aris srulyofili 

zimbabve 

ratificir. 

2002 wlis maisSi qveyanam 

uari Tqva transgenur 

humanitarul 

daxmarebaze. 

nebismieri gmo-s 

gamoyeneba qveyanaSi 

akrZalulia,garda 

simindis fqvilisa. 

83






kameruni 

kape-verdre 

kenia 

kongo 

lesoto 

liberia 

magadaskari 

malavi 

mali 

mavrikia 

maroko 

mozmabiki 

namibia 

nigeria 

ruanda 

senegali 

seiSelis 

kunZulebi 

samxreT afrikis 

respublika 

sudani 

tanzania 

togo 

tunisi 

uganda 

centraluri 

afrikis 

respublika 

Cadi 

jibuti 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ratificir 

ratificir 

ratificir 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificireb. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

2004 w. 

miRebulia 

kanoni 

savaldebulo 

markirebaze 

2004 wlis martSi 

gm-produqtebis 

importi 

daSvebulia 

gamoyenebisaTvis 

da ara moyvana/ 

gamo-zrdaze 

2004 wels miRebuli 

iqna kanoni sursaTis, 

kosmetikisa da 

sayofacxovrebo qimiis 

Sesaxeb; 

2003 wlis maisSi 

mTavrobam miiRo 

memorandumi gmo- 

Semcveli produqtebis 

akrZalvis Sesaxeb. 

USAID-is miTiTebiT 

misi moqmedeba gadaido 

2008 wlamde 

84

# 111 

biuleteni 





a z i a 

qveyana 

azerbaijani 

bangladeSi 

butani 

birma 

(mianma) 

kartaxenas 

oqmi 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul 

moyvana - 

gamozrdaze 

akrZalvebi 

importze 

erayi 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

vietnami 

ratificir. 

TurqeTi 

ratificir. 

indonezia 

ratificir. 

sursaTis 

Sesaxeb 1996 

wlis kanoniT 

gansazRvrulia 

savaldebulo 

markireba 

irani 

iordania 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

iaponia 

ratificir. 

2003 wlis 

sursaTis 

uvneblobisa da 

soflis 

meurneobis 

standartebis 

Sesaxeb 

kanoniT 

kamboja 

ratificir. 

korea 

ratificir. 

2002 

wlidan gmo 

regulirdeba 

soflis 

meurneobis 

saministros 

mier 

korea 

(samxreTi) 

xelmower. 

85






laosi 

malaizia 

maldivis 

kunZulebi 

monRoleTi 

nepali 

omani 

pakistani 

saudis 

arabeTi 

singapuri 

siria 

tajikeTi 

tailandi 

taivani 

uzbekeTi 

filipinebi 

yazaxeTi 

yirgizeTi 

Sri-lanka 

CineTi 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

ar aris 

xelmow. da 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

vaWrobis 


2001 wlis 

#1666 

dadgenilebiT 

2002 wlis 

jandacvis 


ganacxadi 

jandacvis 

departamentis 

#0900011746 

dadgenileba 

soflis 

meurneobis 

ministris 2002 

wlis ianvris 

#10 dekretiT 

86

# 111 

biuleteni 





evropa 

qveyana 

kartaxenas oqmi 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul moyvanagamozrdaze 

akrZalvebi 

importze 

evrokavSiris 

qveynebi 

mTlianad 

ratificr. 

2004 wlis 

aprilidan yvela 

saxis gm-produqti 

unda iqnes 

markirebuli, 

garda im 

produqtebisa, 

romlebSic gmo- 

Semcvelo-ba 0,9%- 

ze naklebia 

2004 wlis 8 

seqtembridan gmoze 

moratoriumos 

gamocxadebis Semdeg 

evrokavSirma 

da evrosabWom 

gasca pirveli 

Tanxmoba gm-Teslis 

moyvanaze; 

2004 wlis 19 

maisidan 1998 

wlidan SemoRebuli 

moratoriumis Semdeg 

evrokomisiam neba 

darTo simindis Bt 

–jiSis imports 

albaneTi 

2003 wlis ivlisidan SemoRebuli iqna 

xuTwliani akrZalva gm-kulturebisa da 

gm-produqtebis, maT Soris, humanitarul 

daxmarebaze; 

avstria 

belorusia 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 

kanonmdeblobis 

Tanaxmad 

1997-2000 ww. akrZaluli iqna gm -simindis 

sami jiSi ( 90/220 da 2001/18 direqtivis 

Sesabamisad; 

belgia 

bulgareTi 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

didi britaneTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

2001 wlidan Saqris 

Warxlis 

moyvanaze akrZalva 

evrokavSiris 


Sesabamisad 

(EC E90/220 da 

2001/18) 

germania 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

2000 wlis martidan 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad aikrZala 

gm-simindis (EC 

90/220, 2001/18); 

2005 wlis 

ianvridan ZalaSi 

Sevida genuri 

inJineriis Sesaxeb 

aqti, romelic 

ar krZalavs gmomoyvanas 

da mTel 

pasuxismgeblobas 

gm kulturebis 

arasanqcirebul 

gamoyenebasa 

da genetikur 

dabinZurebaze 

akisrebs fermerebs. 

2000 wlidan erTi 

saxeobis gm-simindze 

akrZalva 

evrokavSiris 

kanonmdeblob-is 


(EC E90/220 da 

2001/18) 

87






dania 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

parlamentis mier 

Secvlili iqna 

evrokavSiris 

kanonmdeblobiT 

dadgenili 

akrZalva. calkeul 

regionebs 

miecaT sakuTari 

moTxovnebis 

SemuSavebis ufleba, 

umravlesoba 

regionebisa gm 

Tavisufal zonad 

rCeba 

estoneTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

espaneTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

irlandia 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

islandia 

xelmower. 

italia 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

kviprosi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

latvia 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

litva 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

luqsemburgi 

2000 wlidan erTi saxeobis gm-simindze 

akrZalva 

evrokavSiris 



(EC 90/220 da 2001/18) 

makedonia 

xelmower. 

malta 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

moldova 

ratificir. 

monako 

niderlandebi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

88

# 111 

biuleteni 





norvegia 

ratificir. 

1997 wlidan 

akrZalva ar 

aris, gm-Semcveli 

produqtebi 

markirebulia, Tu 

gm-komponentebis 

Semcveloba 2%-ze 

metia. 

USDA GAIN Report 

304004 

norvegia evropis 

ekonomikuri 

SeTanxmebis wevria da 

valdebulia daicvas 

evropuli standartebi 

sursaTis uvneblobaSi. 

dReisaTvis 

nebadarTulia 

arakvebiTi 

daniSnulebis mixakisa 

da TuTunis gayidva. 

poloneTi 

ratificir. 

portugalia 

ratificir. 

ruseTi 

rumineTi 

ar aris 

ratificir. da 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

miRebulia rigi sakanonmdeblo aqtebi, meToduri miTiTebebi gmo 

produqtebis Semcvelobis, markirebisa da regulirebis Sesaxeb; 

mkacrad 

kontrol-deba 

markireba 

saberZneTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad 

erTi saxeobis gm-rafsze akrZalva 

evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad (EC 

90/220 da 2001/18) 

safrangeTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 


Tanaxmad 

1998 wlis noembridan 

evrokavSiris 


Sesabamisad, ori 

saxeobis gm-rafsze 

akrZalva 

evrokavSiris 



(EC 90/220 da 2001/18) 

saqarTvelo 

somxeTi 

slovakeTi 

slovenia 

ukraina 

ungreTi 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 



ratificirebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis 

2008 wlis 26 seqtembris dadgenilebiT 

2005 wlis ianvridan miRebuli iqna droebiTi 

RonisZiebebi gm simindis MON 810 warmoebis, 

gamoyenebis Sesaxeb, asevegavrcelebasa da 

importze 

fineTi 

xorvatia 

Svecia 

Sveicaria 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

CexeTi 

ratificir. 

evrokavSiris 



2004 wlis aprilidan 

singenta”-s kompaniis 

gm-simindis 

komercializaciis 

akrZalva 

89






CrdiloeT amerika 

qveyana 

kartaxenas 

oqmi 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul 

moyvana - 


akrZalvebi 

importze 

antigua da 

barbadosi 

aSS 

bahamis 

kunZulebi 

barbadosi 

belizi 

gvatemala 

grenada 

dominika 

iamaika 

kanada 

kosta-rika 

kuba 

salvadori 

meqsika 

nikaragua 

panama 

sent-kitsi 

da nevisi 

sent-vinsenti 

trinidadi 

da tobago 

haiti 

hondurasi 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

xelmower. 

xelmower. 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ar aris ratificirebuli da xelmowerili 

90

# 111 

biuleteni 





samxreT amerika 

qveyana 

kartaxenas 

oqmi 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul 

moyvana - 


akrZalvebi 

importze 

argentina 

bolivia 

xelmower. 

ratificir. 

brazilia 

ratificir. 

2004 wlis 

aprilidan 

sursaTi, 

romelic 

Seicavs 1%- 

ze met gmo-s, 

niSandebuli 

unda iqnes, 

garda gmsoiosi, 

ekvadori 

ratificir. 

2001 w. 

momxmarebelTa 

dacvis Sesaxeb 

kanoniT 

venesuela 

ratificir. 

2004 wlis 

aprilidan 

prezidentma 

xeli moawera 

deklaracias 

nebismieri gmproduqtebis 

moyvanaze, 

Tumca 

Sesabamisi 

kanonebi da 

dadgenilebebi 

ar iqna 

miRebuli 

kolumbia 

ratificir. 

paragvai 

ratificir. 

peru 

ratificir. 

urugvai 

ratificir. 

Cile 

xelmower. 

2000 weli 

mTavrobis 

dadgenileba 

91






okeaneTi 

qveyana 

kartaxenas 

oqmi 

moTxovnebi 

markirebaze 

akrZalvebi an 

moratoriumi 

komerciul 

moyvanagamozrdaze 

akrZalvebi 

importze 

avstralia 

ratificir. 

sasursaTo 

standartebis 

kodeqsis 1.5.2. 

standartis 

Tanaxmad, 

sursaTi 

unda iyos 

markirebuli, 

Tu igi Seicavs 

1%-ze met gm 

ingredientebs. 

axali zelandia xelmower. 

sasursaTo 

standartebis 

kodeqsis 1.5.2. 

standartis 

Tanaxmad, 

sursaTi 

unda iyos 

markirebuli, 

Tu igi Seicavs 

1%-ze met gm 

ingredientebs 

kiribati 

marSalis 

kunZulebi 

nauru 

palu 

samoa 

solomonis 

kunZulebi 

fiji 

tonga 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

ratificir. 

92

# 111 

biuleteni 

moTxovnebis mimoxilva, romelic marTavs genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis mikvlevadobis sakiTxs sxvadasxva qveyanaSi 

cxrili #7.3 

qveyana 

debuleba/ 

kanonmdebloba 

moTxovna 

avstralia/ 

axali 

zelandia 

evrokavSiri 

avstraliisa da axali 

zelandiis sursaTis 

standartebis 

organizacia (FSANZ) 

uzrunvelyofs 

saxelmZRvanelo/ 

megzurs 

Sesabamisobaze mis 

mier sawarmoebisaTvis 

gamocemul 

momxmareblis 

megzurSi 

`genetikurad 

modificirebuli 

sursaTis markirebis 

Sesaxeb~, romelSic 

rCevis saxiT 

mocemulia, rom 

garkveuli saxis 

biznes procesebi unda 

funqcionirebdes 

adgilze. aRsaniSnavia, 

rom momxmareblis 

megzuri ar aris 

samarTlebrivi/ 

iuridiuli 

valdebulebis mqone 

dokumenti. 

evrokavSiris axali 

debuleba, romelic 

ZalaSi Sevida 2004 

wlis aprilSi. 

serTifikacia/damowmebis procesebi SesaZlebelia aucilebeli 

iyos mxolod or SemTxvevaSi: 

• rodesac mwarmoebeli iyenebs nebayoflobiTi 

markirebis negatiuri saxis warwerebs, mag. 

àragenmodificirebuli ingredinetebi~ an 

`genmodifikaciisagan Tavisufali.~ 

• Tuki sursaTSi aRmoCndeba genmodificirebuli 

masala 10 gr/kg-ze naklebi odenobiT da sursaTs 

ara aqvs pozitiuri saxis markireba, mwarmoebels 

moeTxoveba warmoadginos imis mtkicebuleba, rom 

Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi gatarda imisaTvis, raTa 

dadgeniliyo ara-genmodificirebuli sursaTisa da 

ingredientebis warmoSoba. 

• genmodificirebuli sursaTisagan warmoebuli 

produqtebisaTvis markirebis axal moTxovnebis garda 

arsebobs aseve mikvlevadobis axali wesebic. 

•mwarmoebeli valdebulia, rom warmoebisa da distribuciis 

xazis TiToeul etapze informacia gaavrcelos da 

SeinarCunos im sasursaTo produqtebis Sesaxeb, romlebic 

Seicaven an warmoebuli arian genmodificirebuli 

organizmebisagan 

• praqtikaSi es gulisxmobs imas, rom marcvleulis 

gamyidvelma/fermerma/mwarmoebelma da a.S. aucileblad 

unda miawodos informacia nebismier myidvels, rom sursaTi 

aris genmodificirebuli, im specifikur informaciasTan 

erTad, romlis mixedviTac SesaZlebelia genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis zusti identificireba 

marcvleulis gamyidvelic aseve valdebulia awarmoos im 

mwarmoeblis/distributoris aRricxva, romelTac SeiZines es 

marcvleuli 

93



moTxovnebis mimoxilva, romelic marTavs genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis mikvlevadobis sakiTxs sxvadasxva qveyanaSi 

ruseTi 

brZaneba - ruseTis 

federaciis sursaTisa 

da sasoflosameurneo 

importis 

regulirebisa da 

standartebis Sesaxeb 

• im pirebs, romlebic CarTuli arian genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis warmoebis an distribuciis procesSi - aucileblad 

moeTxovebaT sawarmoo da/an satransporto dokumentebSi 

aucileblad Seitanon informacia genmodificirebuli 

masalisagan warmoebuli masalisa da Semadgeneli 

komponentebis arsebobis Sesaxeb. 

iaponia 

kanoni sursaTis 

sanitariis Sesaxeb 

• markirebis moTxovnebis Tanaxmad, im SemTxvevaSi, 

rodesac adgilze funqcionirebs produqtis identurobis 

kontrolirebis sistema warmoSobis mixedviT, gadamuSavebis 

procesis TiToeul etapze unda gaices serTifikati, romelic 

daadasturebs, rom adgilze funqcionirebs IP sistema. 

korea 

iZulebis wesiT 

gamosayenebeli 

sursaTis sanitariis 

aqti, muxli 11, 

(angariSi importis 

Sesaxeb). 

• sursaTis importis dros importiors aucileblad 

moeTxoveba, rom Semowmebuli dokumentacia waradginos 

koreis sursaTisa da medikamentebis administraciis (Korea 

Food and Drug Administration) regionaluri ofisis ufrosis 

winaSe an adgilobriv erovnul sakarantino sadgurebSi 

(National Quarantine Stations -NQS). 

• IP damuSavebis serTifikati an mTavrobis mier gacemuli 

serTifikati, romelsac igive Zala aqvs rac IP damuSavebis 

serTifikats gamoiyeneba im tipis sursaTisaTvis, romelic 

eqvemdebareba genmodificirebuli sursaTis markirebas, 

magram romelzec ar aris raime saxis genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis etiketi. 

CineTis 

saxalxo 

respublika 

aSS, kanada, 

filipinebi 

singapuri 

CineTis 

hong-kongi, 

malaizia, 

meqsika 

debuleba soflis 

meurneobaSi 

genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis 

uvneblobis 

administrirebasTan 

dakavSirebiT. 

• aucilebeli moTxovna nebismieri organizaciisaTvis, 

romelic awarmoebs genmodificirebul saTesle 

marcvleuls, an eweva gamoyvana/seleqcias mecxoveleobaSi, 

mefrinveleobaSi an meTevzeobaSi - aris is, rom aseTma 

organizaciam unda aRricxos warmoebis ToTeuli etapi, 

sadac miTiTebuli unda iyos warmoebis adgili, geni, genet. 

wyaro da gamoyenebuli meTodi. 

• adgilze funqcionirebs nebayoflobiTi markirebis 

reJimi da aranairi regulireba mikvlevadobasTan 

dakavSirebiT 

• aranairi regulireba. daudgenelia aris Tu ara raime 

miTiTeba gmo sursaTis mikvevadobasTan dakavSirebiT 

• adgilze funqcionirebs nebayoflobiTi markirebis 

reJimi, magram am angariSisaTvis xelmisawvdom 

informaciaze dayrdnobiT SeuZlebelia imis miTiTeba, 

aris Tu ara raime saxis moTxovna genmodificirebuli 

sursaTis mikvlevadobasTan dakavSirebiT 

94

# 111 

biuleteni 

cxrili #8.2 

bioproduqciis warmoebisas nebadarTuli nivTierebebis nusxa 

1. niadagis nayofierebis amaRlebisa da kondicirebis saSualebebi 

dasaxeleba 

gamoyenebis specifiuri pirobebi 

msxvilfexarqosani pirutyvis gadamwvari nakeli, 

wunwuxi 

frinvelis dehidrirebuli eqskrementi 

torfi da misgan damzadebuli kompostebi, 

(xelovnuri danamatebis gareSe) 

_ torfnakeliani 

_ torfdolomitiani 

_ torfkiriani 

_ torf-ceolitiani 

ekologiki 

bomsi (baqteriul organo-mineraluri sasuqi) 

vermikultura, biohumusi 

saojaxo organuli narCenebi kompostirebuli 

mindvris kulturebis da bostneulis narCenebis, 

mcenareTa foTlebis, naxerxis da sxva organuli 

narCenebis komposti 

mwvane sasuqi (siderati) 

guano 

mulCi 

mdinaris Slami 

Rvinis warmoebis narCenebi 

nacari (farTofoTlovnebisa da wiwvovnebis) 

nitragini 

nakeli unda iyos gadamwvari, gamoiyeneba yvela 

kulturaSi, doza ganisazRvreba niadagis tipisa 

da mcenareTa biologiur TaviseburebaTa 

gaTvaliswinebiT. axali nakelis gamoyeneba 

dasaSvebia mosavlis aRebamde 120 dRiT adre 

gamoiyeneba wyalSi ganzavebuli saxiT sasoflo 

sameurneo kulturaTa biologiur TaviseburebaTa 

gaTvaliswinebiT 

gamoiyeneba yvela sasoflo sameurneo kulturaSi 

niadagis nayofierebis gaTvaliswinebiT 

zRvis wyalmcenareebisagan damzadebuli 

sasuqia, Seicavs mcenarisaTvis saWiro mikro- da 

makroelementebs 

mura naxSiris warmoebis anarCenebisagan 

damzadebuli sasuqia, qimiuri danamatebis gareSe. 

gamoiyeneba yvela kulturaSi 

miiReba nakelisa da sxva organuli narCenebis 

Wiayelebis mier gadamuSavebiT. gamoiyeneba yvela 

kulturaSi 

gamoiyeneba gadamuSavebuli da aucileblad 

Semowmebuli dabinZurebaze (toqsikur elementebze, 

radionuklidebze, mZime liTonebze). 

yovelgvari qimiuri danamatebis gareSe. gamoiyeneba 

yvela kulturaSi, yvela tipis niadagze 

balaxebi yvavilobamde Caixvneba niadagSi, 

riTac umjobesdeba niadagis Tvisebebi, izrdeba 

nayofiereba 

sertifikaciis organos TanxmobiT. 

niadagis dafarva xdeba organuli nivTierebebis 

Semcveli masaliT (namja, Cala, Tiva, foTlebi, 

torfi, qaRaldi, naxerxi da sxva), riTac 

umjobesdeba niadagis Tvisebebi, regulirdeba tenis 

reJimi 

miwasTan Sereuli mTis qanebis wvrilmarcvlovani 

masa. Seicavs mikro da makroelementebs, organul 

nivTierebebs. gamoiyeneba damabinZureblebze 

Semowmebis Semdeg 

mdidaria mcenarisaTvis saWiro sakvebi elementebiT. 

efeqturobiT utoldeba nakels. gamoiyeneba 

aramJave niadagebze 

mdidaria Ca-iT da K-iT. gamoiyeneba am elementebiT 

Rarib niadagebze. upiratesad mJave niadagebze, 

yvela kulturisaTvis 

koJris baqteriebis kulturaa, iTvisebs azots 

atmosferodan. 

95





azotbaqteria 

fosfobaqteria 

sapropeli 

Saqris warmoebis narCenebi (mag., Vinasse) 

biodegradirebuli mcenareuli an cxoveluri 

warmoSobis produqtebi (sakvebis, furaJis, 

zeTis, ludis, spirtis da sxva warmoebis 

narCenebi) 

bunebrivi agromadneulebi: bentonituri 

Tixebi, kirqvebi, dolomiti, tkili, mergeli 

glaukonituri kirqva, maikopis Tixa, carci 

kalciumis sulfati 

fosforitebi (fosforiani sasuqi) 

Tomasis wida 

Termofosfati 

vivianiti (torf vivianti) 

silviniti 

kainiti 

kaliumis qloridi 

qlor-silvinitis kompleqsi 

manganumis Slami 

sasaklaos, tyavis da bewvis ,Tevzis warmoebis, 

abreSumis warmoebis, badagisa da saxameblis, 

spirtis, kofeinis warmoebis, tungos da 

eTerzeTebis qarxnis warmoebis narCenebi 

aerobuli baqteriaa, atmosferodan iTvisebs azots. 

baqteria, romelic axdens niadagSi arsebuli 

fosfoorganul nivTierebebis mineralizacias 

tbebSi dagrovili lamia, romelic Seicavs organul 

da mineralur nivTierebebs, mdidaria mikro 

da makroelementebiT, gamoiyeneba yvela tipis 

niadagze. 

Saqris Warxlis warmoebis narCenia. gamoiyeneba 

yovelgvari qimiuri danamatebis gareSe mJave 

niadagebis gasaumjobeseblad 

gamoiyeneba rogorc organuli sasuqi 

damabinZureblebze Semowmebis Semdeg 

bunebrivi qanebi, qimiuri danamatebis gareSe, 

gamoiyeneba rogorc niadagebis gasaumjobeseblad 

ise mcenareTa kvebisaTvis 

miRebuli bunebrivi gziT, qimiuri danamatebis 

gareSe 

sabadodan amoRebuli da dafqvili fosforiti 

qimiuri danamatis gareSe 

Tujis gadamuSavebis samrewvelo narCenia. 

gamoiyeneba damabinZureblebze Semowmebis Semdeg, 

rogorc fosforiani sasuqi fuZeebiT aramaZRar 

mJave niadagebze 

bunebriv silikatebTan, widasTan da kirTan 

fosforitis an apatitis Sednobis produqtia. 

gamoiyeneba rogorc fosforiani sasuqi wiTelmiwa 

da ewer mJave niadagebze 

viviants Seicavs dablobis torfi. igi gamoiyeneba 

rogorc fosforiani sasuqi 

kaliumis Semcveli qania. gamoiyeneba fuZeebiT 

maZRar niadagebze. yvela kulturaSi, garda 

qlorisadmi mgrZnobiare kartofilis, Tambaqos da 

vazis kulturisa, qloris maRali Semcvelobis gamo 

bunebrivi qania. gamoiyeneba rogorc kaliumiani 

sasuqi yvela kulturaSi da yvela tipis niadagSi 

miiReba silvinitis cxel wyalSi damuSavebiT, ris 

Semdeg miiReba gamokristalebuli KCl, Seicavs. 

gamoiyeneba yvela kulturaSi 

miiReba qlorkaliumis silvinitTan SereviT. Seicavs 

30-40% kaliums. gamoiyeneba yvela kulturaSi, 

garda qlorisadmi mgrZnobiare kulturebisa 

WiaTuris manganumis warmoebis narCenia. Seicavs 

mikroelements Mn. gamoiyeneba yovelgvari qimiuri 

damuSavebis gareSe manganumiT Rarib niadagebze 

gamoiyeneba yvela tipis niadagze, rogorc 

organuli sasuqi niadagis nayofierebis 

asamaRleblad 

96

# 111 

biuleteni 




ceoliti 

bunebrivi naerTia. aqvs unikaluri iongacvliTi 

da adsorbciis unari. gamoiyeneba niadagis 

gasaumjobeseblad. aseve nakelis da sxva organuli 

narCenebis dasakomposteblad 

baqteruli sasuqi àmb~ 

torfis masa gamdidrebuli sxvadasxva sasargeblo 

mikroorganizmebiT, aumjobesebs niadagis Tvisebebs, 

gansakuTrebiT mikrobiologiur procesebs 

organuli saojaxo meurneobis da mcenareuli 

narCenebis, naxerxis, xis qerqis komposti 

Tixa-TabaSiri 

mikroelementebi (bori, spilenZi, rkina, 

molibdeni, TuTia) 

bunebrivi biologiuri saSualebebi (mag., Wia) 

aucilebelia kompostirebis pirobebis dacva, 

gamoiyeneba rogorc organuli sasuqi 

mopovebuli bunebriv pirobebSi, yovelgvari 

qimiuri danamatebis gareSe. gamoiyeneba bicobi 

niadagebis gasaumjobeseblad 

saWiroa serTifikaciis ganmaxorcielebeli organos 

Tanxmoba. 

yvela tipis niadagisaTvis 

kirqva (kalciumSemcveli nedleuli) 

gamoiyeneba mJave niadagze, aris kalciumis 

regulirebisaTvis da niadagis kalciumiT 

gasamdidreblad 

bunebrivi Tixa (bentoniti, silikatebi) 

gamoiyeneba yovelgvari qimiuri danamatis gareSe 

diatomiti 

mopovebuli bunebriv pirobebSi, yovelgvari 

qimiuri danamatebis gareSe 

97




2. veterinaruli saSualebebi 

samkurnelo mcenareebi 

fagebi 

probiotikebi 

„aqtivirebuli naxSiri“ 

dasaxeleba 

gasabaneli saSualebebi, „butoqsi“ 

sadezinfeqcio saSualebebi 

aratradiciuli da Sinauri meTodebi mag.: Tixis 

aplikacia, Taflis preparatebi - propolisi, 

vaSlis Zmari, futkris Sxami 

flumetrini 

vetrazini 

deltametrini 

iodoformi 

TuTiis sulfati, spilenZis sulfati, iodi 

mcenareuli zeTebi: polaqseleni 

nozodimi 

kalciumis boroglukonati 


zogierTi mcenareebi da mcenareuli eqstratebi 

warmoadgenen antimikrobul saSualebebs 

da gamoiyenebian kuWnawlavis daavadebebis 

samkurnalod 

profilaqtikis mizniT gamoiyeneba 

(fagoprofilaqtika) infeqciuri daavadebebis 

dros (dizenteria, muclis tifi, qolera, 

paratizi, anaerobuli infeqciebi, kolibaqteriebi, 

pulorozi da sxv.) Terapiuli mizniT (fagoTerapia) 

naklebefeqturia. diagnostikis mizniT infeqciebis 

dros (mag., jilexi) 

samkurnalo preparatebi an biologiuri 

sakvebdanamatebi, gamoiyeneba lorwovan garsisaTvis 

antidiareuli saSualeba 

parazitebis sawinaaRmdego, piretroidebis jgufi 

gamoyeneba SeiZleba, oRond cxoveli ar unda 

imyofebodes sadgomSi 

gamoiyenebs Wrilobebis dasamuSaveblad da sxvadasxa 

dazianebebis mkurnalobis dros 

cxvris qeci 

cxvarze frTiani mwerebis sawinaarmdego saSualeba 

lokaluri saSualeba 

buzebis sawinaaRmdego saSualeba 

fexis (Cliqis,floqvis) daavadebebisaTvis 

meteorizmi 

mastitebi 

laqtaciuri mastiti 

98

# 111 

biuleteni 

kodi dasaxeleba gamoyenebis specifiuri pirobebi 

E170 naxSirmJava kalciumis marilebi 

zedapiruli saRebavi, danamati, datkepnisa da SekoStvis 

Semferxebeli, stabilizatori 

E 220 gogirdis dioqsidi Rvinis produqtebi 

E 270 rZemJava fermentirebuli bostneuli produqtebi 

E 290 naxSirbadis dioqsidi gazi sasmelebis gasajereblad 

E 296 vaSlmJava mJavianobis regulatori 

E 300 askorbinis mJava Tu xelmiuwvdomelia bunebrivi formiT 

E 306 

tokoferolebi (Tocopherols), 

Sereuli bunebrivi koncentratebi 

JangvawinaRi 

E 322 

lecitini 

miRebuli gamaTeTreblebisa da organuli gamxsnelebis 

gamoyenebis gareSe 

E 330 limonmJava xilisa da bostneulis produqtebi 

E - 334 Rvinis mJava ( L(+) -) mJavianobis regulatori, kompleqswarmomqmneli 

E -333 kalciumis citrati mJavianobis regulatori kompleqswarmomqmneli 

E 335 natriumis tartrati namcxvrebi/sakonditro nawarmi 

E 336 kaliumis tartrati burRuli/namcxvrebi/sakonditro nawarmi 

E 341(I) kalciumis fosfatebi mxolod comis afuebisTvis 

E 400 alginmJava (Aalgin acid) Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 401 natriumis alginati (A sodium alginate) Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 402 kaliumis alginati Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 406 agari (agar) Semasqelebeli, Jelewarmomqmneli agenti, stabilizatori 

E 407 karaginani (carrageenan) Semasqelebeli, Jelewarmomqmneli agenti, stabilizatori 

E 410 parkosani xis gumfisi fisi Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 412 guaris fisi Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 413 tragakantis (tragacanth) Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori, emulgatori 

E 414 gumiarabiki rZe, cximi da sakonditro nawarmi 

E 415 

qsantanis (xanthan) gumfisi 

cximis Semcveli produqtebi, xili da bostneuli, namcxvrebi da 

orcxobilebi, salaTebi 

E 416 karaias (araya) fisi Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori 

E 422 glicerini tenSemakavebeli agenti,, Semasqelebeli 

E 440 peqtinebi Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori, jelewarmomqmneli agenti 

E 500 



3. sakvebdanamatebi 

natriumis karbonatebi 

namcxvrebi da orcxobilebi, sakonditro nawarmi, mJavianobis 

regulatori, gamafxvierebeli 

E 501 kaliumis karbonatebi burRuli/namcxvrebi da orcxobilebi/sakonditro nawarmi 

E 503 amoniumis karbonatebi mJavianobis regulatori, gamafxvierebeli 

E 504 

magniumis karbonatebi 

mJavianobis regulatori, datkepnisa da SekoStvis 

Semferxebeli, feris stabilizatori 

E 508 

kaliumis qloridi 

gayinuli xili da bostneuli, dakonservebuli xili da bostneulis 

sawebeli/ketCupi da mdogvi 

E 509 

kalciumis qloridi 

rZis produqtebi/cximis Semcveli produqtebi xili da 

bostneuli/soios Semcveli produqtebi 

E 511 magniumis qloridi soios Semcveli produqtebi 

E 516 

kalciumis sulfati 

namcxvrebi da orcxobilebi/soios Semcveli produqtebi/sacxobi 

safuari 

E 524 natriumis hidroqsidi mJavianobis regulatori 

E 938 argoni gamafuebeli, gazmatarebeli 

E 941 azoti airovani garemo SefuTvisa da SenaxvisaTvis, macivaragenti 

E 948 

Jangbadi 

gamafuebeli, gazmatarebeli; saxeobebi, romlebic zeTs 

arSeicaven 

99




4. mecxoveleobisa da mefutkreobis produqciis gadamuSavebis saSualebebi 

kodi dasaxeleba gamoyenebis specifiuri pirobebi 

E153 naxSiri mcenareuli tradiciuli yveli 

E170 naxSirmJava kalciumis marilebi 

rZis produqtebi. ara rogorc Seferilobis mimcemi 

agenti 

E270 rZemJava sosisis SesafuTi 

E290 naxSirorJangi gazi sasmelebis gasajereblad 

E322 

lecitini 

miRebuli gamaTeTreblebisa da organuli 

gamxsnelebis gareSe. 

E331 natriumis citrati sosisi/pasterirebuli cila/rZis produqtebi 

E406 agari 

Semasqelebeli, Jelewarmomqmneli agenti, 

stabilizatori 

karaginani (carageenan) da misi 

E407 natriumis, kaliumis, amoniumis rZis produqtebi 

marilebi, furceleranis CaTvliT 

E410 parkosani xis gumfisi rZis produqtebi/xorcis produqtebi 

E412 guaris gumfisi 

rZis produqtebi/dakonservebuli xorci/kvercxis 

produqtebi 

E413 tragakanti (tragacanth) Semasqelebeli, stabilizatori, emulgatori 

E414 arabuli fisi (gumiarabiki) rZis produqtebi/cximi/sakonditro nawarmi 

E440 peqtini rZis produqtebi 

E509 kalciumis qloridi rZis produqtebi/xorcis produqtebi 

E938 argoni gamafuebeli, gazmatarebeli 

E941 azoti 

airovani garemo SefuTvisa da SenaxvisaTvis, 

macivaragenti 

E948 Jangbadi gamafuebeli, gazmatarebeli 

100

# 111 

biuleteni 



5. gadamuSavebis damxmare saSualebebi 

kodi nivTiereba gamoyenebis specifiuri pirobebi 

wyali 

E 509E kalciumis qloridi Semadedebeli agenti 

E 170 

kalciumis karbonati 

zedapiruli saRebavi, danamati, datkepnisa da 

SekoStvis Semferxebeli, stabilizatori 

EE526 kalciumis hidroqsidi mJavianobis regulatori, gamamyarebeli 

E 516 kalciumis sulfati Semadedebeli agenti 

E 511 

magniumis qloridi (an nigari 

(nigar)) 

Semadedebeli agenti 

E 501 kaliumis karbonati yurZnis qiSmiSis gamoSroba 

E 290 naxSirbadis dioqsidi gazi sasmelebis gasajereblad 

E 941 

azoti 

airovani garemo SefuTvisa da SenaxvisaTvis, 

macivaragenti 

eTanoli 

gamxsneli 

E 181 tanini (tannic) filtraciis damxmare saSualeba 

kvercxis TeTri albumini filtraciis damxmare saSualeba 

kazeini 

danamati filtraciisaTvis 

Jelatini 

konsistenciis gasaumjobesebeli 

Tevzis webo (isinglass) 

danamati filtraciisaTvis 

mcenareuli zeTi 

SemzeTavi da ganmacalkevebeli agenti, sapoxi an 

aqafebis sawinaaRmdego saSualeba 

E 551 siliciumis dioqsidi Jeles an koloidaluri narevi 

E152, E 153 naxSiri (aqtivirebuli) saRebavi filtraciis damxmare saSualeba 

E 553 

talki 

danamati, datkepnisa da SekoStvis Semferxebeli, 

fxvnil-matarebeli 

E 558 bentoniti danamati, datkepnisa da SekoStvis Semferxebeli, 

E 173 kaolini antioqsidanti, filtracia, sorbenti, 

perliti, diatomiti 

brinjis CenCo 

kaklis naWuWi 

flokulanti 

antioqsidanti, 

E 901 cvili ganmacalkevebeli agenti 

E 903 karnaubas cvili ganmacalkevebeli agenti 

E 513 

gogirdmJava 

pH-is Sesabamisoba Saqris warmoebaSi 

wylisgamoyofis dros 

E 524 natriumis hidroqsidi pH-is Sesabamisoba Saqris warmoebaSi 

E335,336,337 

natriumis da kaliumis 

tartaratebi 

stabilizatori, kompleqswarmomqmneli 

E 500 natriumis karbonati Saqris warmoeba 

qerqis komponentebi 

ar unda iyos qimiurad damuSavebuli 

E 526 kalciumis hidroqsidi pH-is Sesabamisoba Saqris gadamuSavebaSi 

E 330 limonmJava pH-is Sesabamisoba 

101




6. mcenareTa dacvis saSualebebi 

dasaxeleba 

(ISO-s mixedviT) 

mza forma 


mineraluri warmoSobis 

spilenZis qlorJangi 

spilenZis 

sulfati+kalciumis 

hidroqsidi 

gogirdi 

spilenZis marilebi 

maT Soris: 

spilenZis sulfati 


spilenZis hidroqsidi 

spilenZis oqsiqloridi 

abiga-piki (Abiga-pik) 

bordos narevi (Bordeaux 

mixture) 

koloiduri gogirdi 

(colloidal sulphur) 

gogirdi (Sulphur) 

Tiovit jeti (Thiovit Jet) 

povder sulfori (Powder 

sulphur) 

- 

kuproqsati (Cuproxat) 

Sabiamani (Copper sulphur) 


(Copper oxycloride) 

Cempioni (Champion) 

kosaidi (Cocide) 

neorami (Neoram) 

fitofTorozi, alternariozi, 

baqteriozi (makrosporiozi) 


baqteriozi (makrosporiozi) 

kila 

nacari 

nacari 

nacari 

spilenZSemcveli naerTebis 

gamoyeneba dasaSvebis 1 ha-ze 

6 kg-mde wlis ganmavlobaSi. 

mravalwliani kulturebisaTvis 

dasaSvebia 1 ha-ze 34 kg-mde mde 

gazrda 

qeci 

qeci, Wraqi, fitoftorozi, 

perenesporozi, 

foTlis sixuWuWe, 

antraqnozi,septoriozi, 

laqianobebi, baqteriozebi 


qeci, Wraqi, perenesporozi, 

foTlis sixuWuWe, antraqnozi, 

septoriozi, laqianobebi, 

baqteriozebi 

Wraqi, qeci, fitoftorozi, 


foTlis 

sixuWuWe,makrosporiozi, 

nekrozi, antraqnozi, 

septoriozi 

Wraqi, qeci, fitoftorozi, 


foTlis sixuWuWe, makrosporozi 


baqteriozi, makrosporiozi, 

cerkosporozi, Wraqi, 

anTraqnozi, 

qeci, monilozi, sixuWuWe, 

aRmonacenTa Cawola, fuzariozi 

102

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Camqrali kiri 

kaliumis permanganati 

natriumis 

hidrokarbonati+ 

spilenZis sulfati 

natriumis silikati 

natriumis bikarbonati 

parafinis zeTebi 

mineraluri zeTebi 

mcenareuli da 

cxoveluri 

warmoSobis 

Chrysanthemum 

cineraiaefolium-dan 

eqstraqciiT miRebuli 

piretrini 

Derris elliptica-, 

Lonchocarpus- da 

Thephrosia spp- dan 

miRebuli 

rotenoni 

Quassia amara-dan 

miRebuli 

saSualebebi 

Azedrichta indica-dan 

miRebuli 

acidiraqtini 

mcenareuli zeTebi 

(pitnis,fiWvis) 

wyalmcenareebi, 

wyalmcenareebis fqvili, 

eqstraqtebi, zRvis 

marili da marilwyali 

propolisi 

Jelatini 

lecitini 

bunebrivi mJavebi (mag. 

Zmari) 

kazeini 

burgundis xsnari 

nim-acili (Neemazal) 

insteqticidi 

fungicidi, insteqticidi 

sokovani daavadebebi, 

laqianobebi, qeci 

repelenti 

repelenti 

esaWiroeba sertifikaciis 

organos Tanxmoba 

fungicidi, insteqticidi, 

gamoiyeneba mxolod 

subtropikuli kulturebisa da 

xexilisaTvis 

insteqticidi 

insteqticidi 

insteqticidi, repelenti 

kolorados xoWo, TeTrulebi, 

xvatarebi, CrCilebi, bugrebi, 

foTlis mReRneli mavneblebi 

insteqticidi, akaricidi, 

fungicidi da ylortis 

inhibitori 

ar unda iyos qimiurad 

damuSavebuli 

insteqticidi 

ar unda iyos qimiurad 

damuSavebuli 

fungicidi 

esaWiroeba sertifikaciis 

organos dasturi 

daSvebulia, Tu mcenares 

dauyonebliv esaWiroeba 

mkurnaloba 

103





bunebrivi mcenareuli 

warmoSobis eqstraqtebi 

(Tambaqos garda) 

sokos (Shitake fungus) 

eqstraqti 

Tambaqos nayeni 

(nikotinis gareSe) 

Melaleuca alternifolia-da 

miRebuli 

eTerzeTebi 

mikrobuli warmoSobis 

saSualebebi 

Pseudomonas fluorescens 

AP-33-dan 

Bacillus thuringiensis, var. 

thuringiensis-dan 


tenebrionis-dan 


Kkurstaki-dan 

Streptomyces lavendulae 

streptomyces griseum-dan 

timoreqsi (Timorex) 

planrizi (Planriz) 

bitoqsibacilini 

(Bitoxsibacilini) 

bikoli (Bycol) 

decimidi (Decimid) 

kolorado (Colorado) 

novodori (Novodor) 

dipeli sk (Dipel SK) 

dipeli mk (Dipel MK) 

MK 

lepidocidi (Lepidocide) 

koncentrirebuli 

sonit k (Sonit-k) 

fitolavini-300 

(Phytolavin-300) 



mkurnaloba 



mkurnaloba 



mkurnaloba 

nacari, Wraqi, perenesporozi 

fesvis sidampleebi, 

helminTosporiumi, baqteriozebi 

xvatari, TeTrulebi, alurebi, 

CrCilebi, kolorados xoWo, 

mzomelebi, oqrokuda 

TeTrulebi, alurebi, xvatarebi, 

tkipebi, kolorados xoWo, 

amerikuli TeTri pepela, 

parkixveviebi, oqrokuda 

kolorados xoWo 

kombostos da Talgamis 

TeTrulebi, alurebi, kombostos 

CrCilebi, xvatari 

kolorados xoWo 

TeTrulebi, alurebi, xvatari, 


mdelos farvana, tyis 

kulturebis mWreli mavneblebis 

kompleqsi, CrCilebi, fiWvis 

mzomela, fiWvis parkixvevia 


CrCilebi, foTlixvevia, 

alurebi, oqrokuda, mzomelebi, 

nayofWamia, xerxiebi, mdelos 

farvana, yurZnis Wia, arafardi 

parkixvevia, monazona,xvatari, 

gama 

yurZnis Wia, TeTrulebi, 

alurebi, 

xvatarebi, amerikuli TeTri 

pepela, mdelos farvana, ,tyis 

kulturebis mWreli mavneblebis 

kompleqsi 

baqteriozi, Savfexa 

104

# 111 

biuleteni 




Bacillus subtilis -dan 

Pseudomonas syringae-dan 

Trichoderma lignorum-dan 

mcenareTa zrdis regulatorebi 

Pseudomonas aureofaciens-is 

suspenzia 

huminuri mJavebis natriumis 

marilebi 

feromonebi da bioteqnikuri 

saSualebebi 

uSrobi webo 

cis-8-dodecinilaceteti 20%, 

trans-8-dodecinilacetati 80% 

dodekadinilaceteti 

dienoli 

baqtofiti – 

(Bactophyt) 

fitosporini - 

(Phytosporin) 

pentafagi - (Pentafag) 

trixodermini s, 

(Trichodermin) 

trixodermini mf, 

trixodermini bl,mf 

agat-25 

natriumis humati 

anafiqsi ( Anaphyces) 

entemofiqsi 

(Entemophix) 

acenoli –m, (Acenol 

-M) 

dienilaceteti 

(Dianilacetat) 

dienili k (Dienol) 

dienoli m 

dienili p 

nacari, fesvis sidampleebi, 

qeci, fuzariozi 

Teslis obi da fesvis 

sidampleebi, nacari, mura 

Janga, rizoqtoniozi, Savfexa, 

altenariozi 

nacari, baqteriozi, kuTxovani 

laqianoba 

fesvis sidampleebi, 

fuzariozuli Wknoba, 

Savfexa, malsekos 

daavadeba,sklerociuli 

sidample, TeTeri sidample, 

baqteriozi 

mcenareTa aRmocenebis da 

zrdis stimulacia 

mcenareTa zrdisa da 

mosavlianobis zrdis 

stimulireba 

xis Stambze mcocavi 

mavneblebisaTvis 

saTburis frTaTeTra 

aRmosavleTis nayofWamia 

yurZnis Wia da sxva 

foTlixveviebi 

vaSlis nayofWamia 

aid-1+cis-verbenol 

+dimeTilvinil karbinoli 

acenoli 

tetradeka-Z-9E-12 dien-1ilacetati 

homeopaTiuri preparatebi 

steriluri mamri mwerebi 

fizikuri barierebi 

orTqli, rogorc sterilizatori 

vertenoli bs-1 

Vertenoli Bc-1 

vertenoli bs -2 

Vertenoli Bc-2 

pak-1k PAK 1K 

pak-1p PAK1P 

pak-5 PAK-5 

pak-6 PAK-6 

pak-zk PA-ZK 

pak-zp PAK-ZP 

kiunemoni (Kiunemon) 

qerqiWamia tipografi 

nayofWamiebi, tkacunebi 

beRlis da sxva saxeobis 

alurebi 

SeuzRudavi 

SeuzRudavi 

SeuzRudavi 

SeuzRudavi 

105


saqarTvelos akreditaciis centris mier akreditebuli laboratoriebi 

cxrili #9.1 

sagamocdo 

laboratoriis 

dasaxeleba 

Sps `Rvinis 

laboratoria 

Sps `multitesti” 

Sps èqspertiza +” 

Sps `norma” 

ssip `saqarTvelos 

standartebis, 

teqnikuri 

reglamentebisa 

da metrologiis 

erovnuli 

saagentos” 

kvebis, qimiuri 

mrewvelobisa da 

navTobproduqtebis 

laboratoria 

Sps `momavali 

saukune” 

Sps `cito 2” 

sakontaqto 

monacemebi 

q. Tbilisi 

q.Tbilisi 

q. Tbilisi 

q. Tbilisi 

q. Tbilisi 

alkoholiani 

sasmelebi 

akreditaciis sfero 

sursaTSi 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, xili,bostneuli da misi 

nawarmi, Tafli naturaluri, koncentratebi, niadagebi. 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, wyali, xorci da xorcis 

nawarmi, frinvelis xorci, Tevzi da Tevzis nawarmi, rZe da rZis 

produqtebi, konservebi, Tafli, kvercxi, mcenareuli zeTebi, 

Cai, yava, kako, dafnis foToli, marili, xilbostneulis nawarmi, 

Saqari da Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, Zmari, xorci da 

xorcis nawarmi, naxevarfabrikatebi, konservebi da kulinaruli 

produqcia, Tevzi da Tevzis produqtebi, rZe da rZis 

produqtebi, kvercxi, mcenareuli cximebi, margarini, maionezi, 

Cai, yava, kakao, saneleblebi, xilbostneuli da misi konservebi, 

Saqari da Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, Tafli, marcvali, 

marcvlis gadamuSavebis produqtebi, fqvili, burRuleuli, 

puri, funTuSeulis nawarmi, makaronis nawarmi, fqvilovani 

sakonditro nawarmi; Tambaqo da Tambaqos nawarmi, parfiumeria. 

rZe da rZis produqtebi, konservebi, kvercxi, kulinaruli 

produqcia, Cai, yava, kakao, saneleblebi, marili, dafnis 

foToli, Saqari da Saqriani sakondotro nawarmi, puri, 

funTuSeulis nawarmi, makaronis nawarmi, fqvilovani 

sakonditro nawarmi; Tambaqo da Tambaqos nawarmi; xili, Txili, 

citrusi, bostneuli da misi konservebi, marcvali da marcvlis 

gadamuSavebis produqtebi, safuari, xorci da misi nawarmi, 

konservebi, Tevzi da misi nawarmi, frinvelis xorci, mcenareuli 

cximebi, margarini, maionezi, alkoholiani,sustalkoholiani da 

ualkoholo sasmelebi, Zmari, mineraluri wyali 

bavSvTa kvebis produqtebi, puri, fqvilovani sakonditro 

nawarmi, marcvali da marcvlis gadamuSavebis produqtebi, 

Saqari da Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, xilbostneuli 

da misi nawarmi, kulinaruli produqcia, Cai, yava, kakao, 

saneleblebi, marili, dafnis foToli, mcenareuli cximebi, 

margarini, maionezi, rZe da rZis produqtebi, Tevzi da misi 

nawarmi, frinvelis xorci, xorci da misi nawarmi, konservebi, 

ualkoholo sasmelebi da Zmari 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, xorcis nawarmi, 

Tevzis nawarmi, rZe da rZis produqtebi, konservebi, Tafli, 

kvercxi, mcenareuli cximebi da margarini, Cai, yava kakao, 

saneleblebi, dafnis foToli, marili, xilbostneuli da misi 

nawarmi, Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, marcvlis gadamuSavebis 

produqtebi, burRuleuli, makaronis nawarmi, 

bavSvTa kvebis produqtebi. 

106

# 111 

biuleteni 


saqarTvelos akreditaciis centris mier akreditebuli laboratoriebi 

ssip `saqarTvelos 

mebaReobis, 

mevenaxeobisa 

da meRvineobis 

institutis 

alkoholiani 

da ualkoholo 

sasmelebis 

testirebis 

laboratoria 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, Tafli, konservebi, 

xorci da misi gadamuSavebis produqtebi, xil-bostneuli, misi 

gadamuSavebis produqtebi. 

kavSiri 

`teqnologuri 

centris” testirebis 

laboratoria 

Tbilisi 

xorci, xorcis nawarmi, konservebi, rZe da rZis 

nawarmi,saneleblebi da sunelebi 

Sps ètaloni”, 

q. Tbilisi 

rZe da rZis produqtebi, konservebi, kvercxi, kulinaruli 

produqcia, Cai, yava, kakao, saneleblebi, marili, dafnis 

foToli, Saqari da Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, Saqari da 

Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, Tafli, marcvali, marcvlis 

gadamuSavebis produqtebi, fqvili, burRuleuli, puri, 

funTuSeulis nawarmi. 

`saqarTvelis 

damoukidebel 

eqspetTa asociacia~ 

Sps`mikrobiologi” 

s.s sanitariisa 

da higienis s/k 

institutis 

laboratoria 

q. rusTavi 

q. quTaisi 

q.Tbilisi 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, Zmari, xorci da 

xorcis nawarmi, naxevarfabrikatebi, konservebi da kulinaruli 

produqcia, Tevzi da Tevzis produqtebi, rZe da rZis 

produqtebi, kvercxi, mcenareuli cximebi, margarini, maionezi, 

Cai, yava, marcvlis gadamuSavebis produqtebi, burRuleuli, 

makaronis nawarmi, 

bavSvTa kvebis produqtebi. 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, xorcis nawarmi, 

Tevzis nawarmi, rZe da rZis produqtebi, konservebi, Tafli, 

kvercxi, mcenareuli cximebi da margarini, Cai, yava, kakao, 

saneleblebi, dafnis foToli, marili, xilbostneuli da misi 

nawarmi, Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi, marcvlis gadamuSavebis 

produqtebi; 

alkoholiani da ualkoholo sasmelebi, wyali, rZe da rZis 

produqtebi, konservebi, Tafli, kvercxi, mcenareuli zeTebi, 

Cai, yava, kako, dafnis foToli, marili, xilbostneulis nawarmi, 

Saqari da Saqriani sakonditro nawarmi 

107

am statiis pirveli nawili ixileT #110 biuletenSi - csrdg

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