Tbilisi Railway Bypass Project: SCOPING DOCUMENTSemoTavazebuli marSrutis (`centraluri~) ZiriTadiproblemuri sakiTxebi da mosalodneli zegavlenebidasawyobebis mizniT niadagis horizontismoxsnisas mosalodnelia mis ZiriTadmaxasiaTeblebze zemoqmedeba da aseve niadagisnayofieri masis danakargi.vake an talRovan reliefze niadagis moxsnisaszemoqmedeba mis ZiriTad maxasiaTeblebze iqnebadabali. es zemoqmedeba gaizrdeba ferdobebisdaxris gazrdis proporciulad.SesaZlo Semarbilebeli zomebidasawyobebuli niadagis nayofieri fenisdanakargis minimizaciis mizniT niadagismoxsnis samuSaoebi unda CatardesmSral meteorologiur pirobebSi.moxsnili niadagis dasawyobebisaTvisunda SeirCes Sesaferisi adgili,romelic saqarTveloSi moqmedikanonmdeblobis dacviT iqnebagamoyofili.dasawyobebuli niadagis nayofieri fenaar unda iqnes Sereuli unayofomiwasTan, qva-RorRTan da sxva. igidaculi unda iqnes garecxvisagan, raTamas SeunarCundes struqtura,nayofiereba da saTesle baza.niadagis dacviTi RonisZiebebisgatareba trasis damrec monakveTebze.mcenareulobamSeneblobisas garkveuli moculobis farTobebze(50-60 m-mde siganis derefani) TiTqmis mTlianadgaqreba mcenareuli safari. amasTanave, aRniSnulderefanTan mimdebare teritoriebis habitatebSimoxdeba rigi mniSvnelovani mcenareuli saxeobispopulaciis Semcireba da ekosistemis degradacia.dairRveva mcenareuli safaris struqturuliwyoba da Semcirdeba misi sakonservacioRirebuleba.msgavsi didi masStabis obieqtebis mSeneblobisdros adgili aqvs mSeneblobiT da sarkinigzotransportis eqspluataciiT dabinZurebulfarTobebze mcenareulobis suqcesiuri cvlas,umetes SemTxveveaSi, suqcesiebi retrogresuli(Seuqcevadi, uaryofiTi) mimarTulebiTmimdinareobs, rac sabolood ekosistemebisZlieri degradaciiT an maTi ganadgurebiTmTavrdeba.<strong>rkinigzis</strong> trasis gaswvriv botanikuriTvalsazrisiT maRali sensitiurobiT gamoirCevasaguramos qedze samxreTi ferdobis Zirisgaswvriv mdebare ubnebi – saTemos seri, lurjiseri, naseralis mTis kalTebi, namgala Rele (md.xevZmaras erT-erTi saTavis xevi), namgala RelessaTavesTan mimdebare kalTebi. am adgilebSiarsebuli meoradi muxnari da rcxilnar-muxnarityeebi Seicavs kolxuri floris iSviaTelementebs (bza, suro, ekalriWi), mesameuliperiodis reliqtebs - uTxovars, usurvazs, Wyors,Telas da sxvas.botanikuri TvalsazrisiT, aseve yuradRebasiqcevs trasis qaSveTis MmTis (1,096m) Txemurizolis monakveTi, gansakuTrebiT ki misi,,<strong>Tbilisis</strong> zRvisaken” mimarTuli kalTebi,im SemTxvevaSi, Tu trasis gaswvrivaRiniSneba iSviaTi, endemuri, reliqturida kanoniT daculi (,,wiTeli nusxis”)mcenareTa saxeobebis arseboba, saWiroamoxdes maTi identificireba daTeslebiT, bolqvebiT da nergebiTgamravleba, maTTvis damaxasiaTebelsaarsebo garemos msgavs habitatebSi(mag.: Teslebis da bolqvebis Segroveba,mcire warmadobis sanergeebis Seqmna daam gziT ex situ da in situ konservaciuliqmedebebis ganxorcieleba).dazianebul ubnebze mcenareuli safarisaRdgeniTi samuSaoebis Catareba.am adgilebSi CamoTvlili saxeobebierTob mowyvladia, gadaSenebis pirasaamisuli da dacvas saWiroebs. <strong>rkinigzis</strong>gayvana am adgilebSi aucilebladmoaxdes uaryofiT zegavlenas amsaxeobebiT Seqmnil habitatebze, racaucileblad unda iqnesgaTvaliswinebuli. iq, sadacSesaZlebelia, unda moxdes samSenebloderefnis farTobis minimumamdeSemcireba, xeebis dacva da iSviaTisaxeobebis egzemplarebis gadargva.Georgian Railway, 2009 26
Tbilisi Railway Bypass Project: SCOPING DOCUMENTSemoTavazebuli marSrutis (`centraluri~) ZiriTadiproblemuri sakiTxebi da mosalodneli zegavlenebiromlebic gavrcelebis mniSvnelovan nawilzedafarulia ZiriTadad uroiani, uroiannairbalaxovanida jagekliani meoradi velebiT.aRniSnuli meoradi velebis mcenareuloba SeicavssaqarTvelosa da kavkasiis rig endemur saxeobebsda maT garkveuli sakonservacio Rirebuleba aqvT.aseve sensitiur ubnebad unda CaiTvalos aridulinaTeli (meCxeri) tyis habitati, romlis calkeulimcire fragmentebi alag-alag aris SemorCenilis.s. gldanis da patara lilos midamoebSi daxevZmaras xevis gaswvriv.SesaZlo Semarbilebeli zomebiam habitatebs erTob maRalisakonservacio Rirebuleba gaaCnia daisini mkacrad unda iqnen daculi<strong>SemovliTi</strong> <strong>rkinigzis</strong> mSeneblobisa damisi funqcionirebis zegavlenisagan.aseve, <strong>rkinigzis</strong> zegavlenisagan dacvasunda daeqvemdebaros imave teritoriebzealag-alag mcire ubnebis saxiTSemorCenili hemiqserofiluribuCqnarebis habitati, romelic Seicavs,,wiTeli nusxis” saxeobebs – qarTulnuSs da qarTul zambaxs.faunamSeneblobis procesSi SesaZlebelia saqarTvelos,,wiTel nusxaSi” (2006) Setanili rigi saxeobebisTavSesafrebisa da adgilsamyofelis ganadgureba.SeiZleba ganadgurdes rkinigis koridorSimoxvedrili Ramurebis da amierkavkasiis zazunas(Mesocricetus brandtii) koloniebi da xmelTaSuazRvis kus (Testudo graeca) kvercxdebis adgilebi.mitovebuli iqneba xmauris an sxva saxiszemoqmedebis zolSi moxvedrili frinvelTabudeebi<strong>rkinigzis</strong> trasiT mdinareebisa da tyis gadakveTagamoiwvevs garkveuli saxeobebis sacxovrebeliekotonuri biotipebis gayofas.Catardes uSualod mSeneblobis winakvleva.ar moxdes kanoniT dacul saxeobebze,maT budeebze da koloniebzezemoqmedeba gamravlebis da zamTrobisperiodebSi an garemos dacvis dabunebrivi resursebis saministrodanspecialuri nebarTvis gareSe.rkinigzasTan misadgomi gzebi gayvanilunda iqnes ise, rom ar moxdesbiomravalferovnebaze mniSvnelovanizegavlena.habitatebisamSeneblo poligoni garkveuli xarisxiT dasivrcobrivi moculobiT SexebaSia <strong>Tbilisis</strong>erovnuli parkis teritoriasTan, sadacwarmodgenilia maRali sakonservacioRirebulebis tugais sanapiro da naTeli aridulityeebis habitatebi gadaSenebis zRvarze myofi dasaqarTvelos “wiTel nusxaSi” Setanili calkeulisaxeobebiT. am teritoriis mcenareuli safariSeicavs kolxuri warmavlobis iSviaT saxeobebs,romelTa Soris gvxvdeva ,,wiTel nusxaSi”Setanili saxeobebi.aucilebelia am teritoriebisidentificireba, SeZlebisdagvarad maTiarideba da Sesabamis uwyebebTanSeTanxmebiT sakompensacio RonisZiebebisgatareba.landSaftebi<strong>rkinigzis</strong> trasa kveTs tyis aRsaniSnavlanSaftebs mdinare xevZmaras xeobis zemo welSi,qaSveTis mTis ferdobebSi da naseralis qedistyis dazianebuli ubnebis aRdgenaGeorgian Railway, 2009 27