Funiculars and Cable CarsStandseilbahnen undCable CarsFunicolari e Cable CarsThe first modern cableways for passenger transportationwere intraurban means of local transport. They began solvingproblems of mobility in the 1860s, especially in hillyparts of cities where the grades still could not be managed byany other vehicular method. Their level of performance wasalready demonstrated by the first urban cableway in Lyons,France in 1862, where the three-car trains carried up to 324people. While the classic double funicular system predominatedin Europe, in the USA it was primarily cable cars thatwere used, the cars of which were attached to a circular rotatinghaul rope.It was not long before the first funiculars were also usedfor leisure excursion transport – in 1874 at the Leopoldsberghill near Vienna. Also falling within the leisure timeclassification are those short aerial cableways that providedvisitors to expos or amusement parks with special entertainment(including in Hamburg, Berlin, Milan, Venice, Geneva,Stockholm, Vienna, and Turin). And by 1907-08, the knowhowacquired with the intensive use of similar systems forgoods began to be applied to the construction of modernaerial cableways for passengers.Die ersten modernen Seilbahnen für den Personentransportwaren innerstädtische Nahverkehrsmittel. Sie lösten ab den1860er Jahren Mobilitätsprobleme vor allem in hügeligenStadtteilen, deren Steigungen noch von keinem anderenVerkehrsmittel bewältigt werden konnten. Wie leistungsfähigdiese waren, zeigt bereits die erste Stadtseilbahn in Lyon1862, deren Drei-Wagen-Züge bis zu 324 Personen beförderten.Während in Europa die klassischen Standseilbahnenim Pendelbetrieb überwogen, wurden in den USA vor allemCable Cars eingesetzt, deren Wagen während der Fahrt anein endlos umlaufendes Zugseil geklemmt waren.Es dauerte nicht lange, bis die ersten Standseilbahnenauch für den Ausflugsverkehr eingesetzt wurden (1874Leopoldsberg bei Wien). In den Freizeitbereich fallen ab1892 auch jene kurzen Seilschwebebahnen, die im Rahmenvon Expos oder Freizeitparks den Menschen ein besonderesMobilitätsvergnügen bescheren sollten (unter anderem inHamburg, Berlin, Mailand, Venedig, Genf, Stockholm, Wienund Turin). Ab 1907/1908 wurde das beim intensiven Einsatzvon Materialseilschwebebahnen erworbene Know-how vorallem in Gebirgsgegenden für den Bau moderner Personenseilschwebebahnenangewendet.I primi impianti a fune moderni per il trasporto delle personeerano mezzi di trasporto locali intra-urbani, che, a partire dal1860, soddisfacevano soprattutto le esigenze di mobilità dellearee urbane collinose, le cui pendenze non potevano esserevinte da nessun altro mezzo di trasporto. Il primo impiantofu costruito a Lione nel 1862: con i suoi convogli a trecarrozze, capaci di trasportare fino a 324 persone, ci mostraquanto queste macchine fossero efficienti. Mentre in Europaabbondavano le classiche funicolari a va e vieni, in Americasi installavano soprattutto Cable Cars, le cui vetture venivanoammorsate durante il tragitto ad una fune in movimento.Non passò molto tempo prima che le prime funicolarivenissero impiegate anche come veicoli per il tempo libero(1874 Leopoldsberg, presso Vienna). A questo settore appartengonoanche quei piccoli impianti aerei che, a partire dal1892, permettevano ai visitatori di muoversi piacevolmenteall’interno delle esposizioni universali e dei parchi divertimento(ad esempio ad Amburgo, Berlino, Milano, Venezia,Ginevra, Stoccolma, Vienna e Torino). Dal 1907/1908 siiniziò ad applicare tutto il know-how accumulato nel campodegli impianti aerei per il trasporto di materiali anche nellacostruzione di moderni impianti aerei per il trasporto dipersone, soprattutto nelle zone montuose.For hilly San Francisco, which sprang up quickly during theCalifornia Gold Rush, the cable car became the most efficientmeans of local transport starting in 1872. The photographopposite was taken in 1878. The abbreviations in the captionstand for “Terminus – California Street Cable Rail Road, SanFrancisco”.18Für das während des Goldrausches in Kalifornien raschgewachsene und hügelige San Francisco wurde ab 1872der Cable Car zum leistungsfähigsten Nahverkehrsmittel.Nebenstehende Fotografie wurde um 1878 aufgenommen. DieBildunterschrift bedeutet aufgelöst: ›Terminus California StreetCable Rail Road San Francisco‹.A San Francisco, città collinosa della California rapidamentesviluppatasi durante la febbre dell’oro, il Cable Car divenne, apartire dal 1872, il mezzo di trasporto più efficace. La foto qui alato è stata scattata nel 1878. La scritta sotto la foto significa:‹ Terminus California Street Cable Rail Road San Francisco ›.▸
II. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CABLEWAY • KLEINE GESCHICHTE DER SEILBAHN • BREVE STORIA DEGLI IMPIANTI A FUNE19
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Anyone who examines the layout of a
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Short Distances IncreaseQuality of
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CommunicationsSupport Public Transi
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Transfer Points are theGateway to T
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VII. The Cableway in the CityDie Se
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Opening Up UrbanRecreation Areas wi
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Costs and FinancingModelsKosten und
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VIII. Selected ExamplesAusgewählte
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ExpressTram (Detroit, USA)ExpressTr
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SATU (Oeiras, Portugal)SATU (Oeiras
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Minimetrò (Perugia, Italy)Minimetr
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The central control room for the en
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The new Hungerburgbahn is the faste
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Ritten Cable Car(Bolzano, Italy)Rit
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Tung Chung Cable Car(Hong Kong, Chi
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The cable car ride over the sea and
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MetroCable J/K/L(Medellín, Colombi
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Funicular and Telefèricde Montjuï
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Access to the aerial cableway at Mo
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IX. PHOTO GALLERYGenting (Malaysia)
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XI. CHRONOLOGYXI. ChronologyApprox.