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DANISH TYPE GELSOLIN-RELATED AMYLOIDOSIS IN A BRAZILIAN FAMILY: CASE REPORTS which this type of familial amyloidosis is rare (13) . To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of a pedigree of patients with gelsolin-related familial amyloidosis in Brazil. REFERENCES 1. Kivelä T, Tarkkanen A, Frangione B, Ghiso J, Haltia M. Ocular amyloid deposition in familial amyloidosis, Finnish: an analysis of native and variant gelsolin in Meretoja‘s syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994;35(10):3759-69. 2. Maury CP, Liljeström M, Boysen G, Tornroth T, de la Chapelle A, Nurmiaho-Lassila EL. Danish type gelsolin related amyloidosis: 654G-T mutation is associated with a disease pathogenetically and clinically similar to that caused by the 654G-A mutation (familial amyloidosis of the Finnish type). J Clin Pathol. 2000;53(2):95-9. 3. Levy E, Haltia M, Fernandez-Madrid I, Koivunen O, Ghiso J, Prelli F, et al. Mutation in gelsolin gene in Finnish hereditary amyloidosis. J Exp Med. 1990;172(6):1865-7. 4. Conceição I, Sales-Luis ML, Carvalho M, Evangelista T, Fernandes R, Paunio T, et al. Gelsolin-related familial amyloidosis, Finnish type, in a Portuguese family: clinical and neurophysiological studies. Musc Nerve. 2003;28(6):715-21. 5. Isaacson RL, Weeds AG, Fersht AR. Equilibria and kinetics of folding of gelsolin domain 2 and mutants involved in familial amyloidosis - Finnish type. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1999;96(20): 11247-52. 6. Rothstein A, Auran JD, Wittpenn JR, Koester CJ, Florakis GJ. Confocal microscopy in Meretoja syndrome. Cornea. 2002;21(4):364-7. 7. Chastan N, Baert-Desurmont S, Saugier-Veber P, Dérumeaux G, Cabot A, Frébourg T, et al. Cardiac conductions alterations in a French family with amyloidosis of the Finnish type with the p. Asp187 Tyr mutation in the GSN gene. Muscle Nerve. 2006;33(1):113-9. 8. Stewart HS, Parveen R, Ridgway AE, Bonshek R, Black CG. Late onset lattice corneal dystrophy with systemic familial amyloidosis, amyloidosis V, in an English family. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000;84(4):390-4. Comment in: Br J Ophthalmol. 2000;84(8):938. 9. Boysen G, Galassi G, Kamieniecka Z, Schlaeger J, Trojaborg W. Familial amyloidosis with cranial neuropathy and corneal lattice dystrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1979; 42(11):1020-30. 10. Kwiatkowski DJ, Stossel TP, Orkin SH, Mole JE, Colten HR, Yin HL. Plasma and cytoplasmic gelsolins are encoded by a single gene and contain a duplicated actin-binding domain. Nature. 1986;323(6087):455-8. 11. Haltia M, Levy E, Meretoja J, Fernandez-Madrid I, Koivunen O, Frangione B. Gelsolin gene mutation - at codon 187 - in familial amyloidosis, Finnish: DNA-diagnostic assay. Am J Med Genet. 1992;42(3):357-9. 12. Carrwik C, Stenevi U. Lattice corneal dystrophy, gelsolin-type (Meretoja‘s syndrome). Acta Ophthalmol. 2009;87(8):813-9. 13. Weiss JS, Moller HU, Lisch W, Kinoshita S, Aldave AJ, Belin MW, et al. The IC3D classification of the corneal dystrophies. Cornea. 2008;27 Suppl 2: S1-83. Comment in: Cornea. 2010; 29(12):1469. XXXIII WORLD OPHTHALMOLOGY CONGRESS 12 TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE MIDDLE EAST AFRICA COUNCIL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 16 a 20 de fevereiro de 2012 Abu Dabi - Emirados Árabes Unidos • Informações: E-mail: info@woc2012.org Site: http://www.woc2012.org/ 288 Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2011;74(4):286-8
RELATO DE CASO | CASE REPORT Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for foveal-macular pattern dystrophy: case report Injeção intravítrea de ranibizumabe para distrofia foveal-macular em padrão: relato de caso ALEXANDRE AUGUSTO CABRAL DE MELLO VENTURA 1 , LORNA WINIFRED GRANT 2 , HAJIR DADGOSTAR 2 , HILEL LEWIS 2 ABSTRACT In the recent years, anti-angiogenic medications have successfully treated other diseases associated with choroidal neovascularization. The anti-angiogenic therapy alone or combined with LASER and/or steroids has been effective in controlling ocular neovascularization, not only restricted to the treatment of typical membranes due to macular degeneration in the wet form. The discovery and subsequent use of these drugs has revolutionized medicine and ophthalmology. This report illustrates an example of successful treatment in a challenging pathology where it was found important visual and anatomical response after the use of ranibizumab. Keywords: Fovea centralis; Lutein; Retinal pigments; Tomography, optical coherence; Macula lutea; Macular degeneration; Fluorescein angiography; Choroidal neovascularization; Antibodies, monoclonal/therapeutic use; Intravitreal injections RESUMO Nos últimos anos, os medicamentos antiangiogênicos têm tratado com sucesso outras doenças relacionadas com a neovascularização da coroide. A terapia antiangiogênica isoladamente ou combinada com LASER e/ou esteroides têm se mostrado eficaz no controle da neovascularização ocular, não se restringindo apenas ao tratamento das membranas típicas da degeneração macular na forma úmida. A descoberta e o posterior uso destas drogas vêm revolucionando a medicina e a oftalmologia. Este relato ilustra um exemplo de tratamento de sucesso numa patologia desafiadora onde se obteve importante resposta visual e anatômica após uso do ranibizumabe. Descritores: Fóvea central; Luteína; Pigmentos da retina; Tomografia de coerência óptica; Macula lútea; Degeneração macular; Angiofluoresceinografia; Neovascularização de coroide; Anticorpos monoclonais; Injeções intravítreas INTRODUCTION Foveal-macular pattern dystrophies (FMPD) are a group of autosomal dominant disorders that involve degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In the presence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) these macular patterns are often confused with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (1) . In 2007 a case was reported in using intravitreal bevacizumab which yielded only visual acuity stabilization (2) . We report the first case of FMPD in which visual acuity and morphologic disease improved after treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab. CASE REPORT A 59-year-old Caucasian woman with fundus changes in her right eye was referred to our clinic for evaluation of AMD. Ocular history included macular photocoagulation for presumed AMD in her left eye. Family history was positive for adult-onset foveal-macular pattern dystrophy inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern (Figure 1 A). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/30 in her right eye and 20/400 in the left. Fundoscopy revealed foveal-macular pattern dystrophy in the right eye and a fibrovascular membrane secondary to macular photocoagulation in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the right eye showed subretinal hemorrhage and early hyperfluorescence with progressive leakage likely representing para-foveal CNV (Figure 2). This eye was then treated with intravitreal injections of bevacizumab for three consecutive months. When her visual acuity continued to decline to 20/50, laser photocoagulation was performed. Two months later her vision stabilized to 20/40. At that time her first intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was administered. One month after ranibizumab injection BCVA in the right eye improved to 20/30. Exams showed no subsensory fluid and an area of leakage representing either atrophy of the choriocapillaris or persistent neovascularization. Eight months after injection BCVA was 20/20 in the right eye and subsensory fluid remained absent. Over the next six months BCVA declined again to 20/40. Two more injections of ranibizumab were administered and vision returned to 20/25 (Figure 1B). DISCUSSION Foveal-macular pattern dystrophy represents a type of heredodystrophic disorder affecting the pigment epithelium and retina (1) . Treatment of these diseases has always been challenging. Previous therapies for FMPD have included laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, and steroids with only visual acuity stabilization (3-5) . In the recent years, the anti-angiogenic medications have successfully treated other CNV-related diseases (6) . This is the first report of using ranibizumab to treat FMPD and visual improvement in FMPD after an antiangiogenic medication. Interestingly this patient’s visual acuity declined after treatment with bevacizumab, but improved substantially after ranibizumab injection. Of note, laser photocoagulation was performed two months prior to the first ranibizumab injection. Thus, possibly laser and ranibizumab work additively or synergistically to improve vision. It is unlikely that the improvement from months 6-16 was due solely to the laser since vision also improved after the second dose of Submitted for publication: July 15, 2010 Accepted for publication: November 16, 2010 Study carried out at the Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic - Cleveland (OH), USA. 1 Physician, Retina Departament , Hospital de Olhos Santa Luzia - Recife (PE), Brazil. 2 Physician, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic - Cleveland (OH), USA. Funding: No specific financial support was available for this study. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest: A.A.C.M.Ventura, None; L.W.Grant , None; H.Dadgostar, None; H.Lewis, None. Correspondence address: Alexandre A.C.M. Ventura. Estrada do Encanamento, 909 - Recife (PE) - 52070-000 - Brazil - E-mail: alexandreventura@hotmail.com Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2011;74(4):289-91 289
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