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As aves do Período Cretáceo da Era Mesozóica - Atualidades ...

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Figura 7. Reconstrução <strong>do</strong> esqueleto de Baptornis (em cima à direita)<br />

e de Hesperornis (abaixo) em escala com Anas platyrhynchos.<br />

Extraí<strong>do</strong> de Chiappe e Dyke (2002).<br />

sa<strong>do</strong> distante que nos mostra to<strong>da</strong> a diversi<strong>da</strong>de e o longo percurso<br />

já trilha<strong>do</strong> pelas <strong>aves</strong>.<br />

Agradecimentos<br />

O autor é grato a Luis M. Chiappe, pela aju<strong>da</strong> na obtenção de diversos<br />

artigos.<br />

Tabela 1. Alguns táxons de <strong>aves</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>Era</strong> <strong>Mesozóica</strong>.<br />

TÁXON IDADE DISTRIBUIÇÃO<br />

Archaeopteryx Jurássico Superior Alemanha<br />

Nanatius <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Austrália<br />

Sinornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Cathayornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Otogornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Boluochia <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Concornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Espanha<br />

Eoalulavis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Espanha<br />

Gobipteryx <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Mongólia<br />

Alexornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior México<br />

Enantiornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Avisaurus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s<br />

Soroavisaurus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Yungavolucris <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Lectavis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Neuquenornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Alvarezsaurus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Patagonykus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Mononykus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Mongólia<br />

Enaliornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Inglaterra<br />

Ambiortus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Mongólia<br />

Gansus <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Hesperornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s – Canadá<br />

Ichthyornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s – Canadá<br />

Apatornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s<br />

Baptornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s – Canadá<br />

Parahesperornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Esta<strong>do</strong>s Uni<strong>do</strong>s<br />

Noguerornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Espanha<br />

Iberomesornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior Espanha<br />

Chaoyangia <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Consufiornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Liaoningornis <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Inferior China<br />

Patagopteryx <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Argentina<br />

Vorona <strong>Cretáceo</strong> Superior Ma<strong>da</strong>gascar<br />

Atuali<strong>da</strong>des Ornitológicas On-line Nº 154 - Março/Abril 2010 - www.ao.com.br<br />

Figura 8. Reconstrução <strong>do</strong> esqueleto de Ichthyornis.<br />

Extraí<strong>do</strong> de Clarke (2004).<br />

Referências Bibliográficas:<br />

Altangerel, P., M.A. Norell, L.M. Chiappe & J.M. Clark. (1993) Flightless birds<br />

from the Cretaceous of Mongolia. Nature 362: 623-626.<br />

Benton, M.J. (2008) Paleontologia <strong>do</strong>s Vertebra<strong>do</strong>s. São Paulo: Atheneu.<br />

Clark, J.M., M.A. Norell & T. Rowe. (2002) Cranial anatomy of Citipati osmolkae<br />

(Theropo<strong>da</strong>, Oviraptorosauria) and a reinterpretation of the holotype of Oviraptor<br />

phyloceratops. American Museum Novitates 3364: 1-24.<br />

Clarke, J.A. (2004) Morphology, phylogenetic taxonomy, and systematics of<br />

Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae). Bulletin of the American<br />

Museum of Natural History 286: 1-179.<br />

Chiappe, L.M. (1995) The first 85 million years of avian evolution. Nature 378:<br />

349-355.<br />

Chiappe, L.M. & G.J. Dyke. (2002) The Mesozoic radiation of birds. Annual Review<br />

of Ecology and Systematics 33: 91-124.<br />

Chiappe, L.M., J. Shu'An, J. Qiang & M.A. Norell. (1999) Anatomy and systematics<br />

of the Confuciusornithi<strong>da</strong>e (Theropo<strong>da</strong>: Aves) from the Late Mesozoic of Northeastern<br />

China. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 242: 1-89.<br />

Chiappe, L.M. (2001) Phylogenetic relationship among basal birds. New perspectives<br />

on the origin of birds and early evolution of birds: Proceedings of the international<br />

symposium in honor of John H. Ostrom. 125-139.<br />

Dalsätt, J., Z. Zhou, F. Zhang & P.G.P. Ericson. (2006). Food remains in Confuciusornis<br />

sanctus suggest a fish diet. Naturwissenschaften 93: 444-446.<br />

Forster, C.A., S.D. Sampson, L.M. Chiappe & D.W. Krause. (1998) The theropod<br />

ancestry of birds: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Ma<strong>da</strong>gascar.<br />

Science 279: 1915-1919.<br />

Gregory, J.T. (1952) The jaws of the Cretaceous toothed birds, Ichthyornis and<br />

Hesperornis. The Con<strong>do</strong>r 54(2): 73-88.<br />

Hou, L. (2001) Mesozoic birds of China. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and<br />

Paleoanthropology.<br />

Maryánska, T., H. Osmólska & M. Wolsan. (2002) Avialan status for Oviraptorosauria.<br />

Acta Paleontologica Polonica 47(1): 97-116.<br />

Marsh, O.C. (1877) Characters of the O<strong>do</strong>ntornithes, with notice of a new allied<br />

genus. American Journal of Science 14: 85-87.<br />

Pandian, K. & L.M. Chiappe. (1998) The origin and early evolution of birds. Biological<br />

Reviews 73: 1-42.<br />

Panteleyev, A.V., E.V. Popov & A.O. Averianov. (2004) New record of Hesperornis<br />

rossicus (Aves, Hesperornithiformes) in the campanian of Saratov Province,<br />

Russia. Paleontological Research 8(2): 115-122.<br />

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