Tese doutorado Juliana Luz Zago

ABSTRACT
Archaeological studies, carried out to date, point to an occupation of ceramic farmers
groups associated with Tradição Aratu in the northern region of the State of São Paulo.
Knowing the interpretive limits inherent to the concept of archaeological tradition, we
started with this hypothesis to investigate the pattern of settlement of the area of 12
archaeological sites, based on landscape investigations. These sites were located in the
northern region of the State of São Paulo, in the Municipalities of Guaíra, Miguelopólis
and Barretos. These are lithic, lithic-ceramic and ceramic sites. A study of this context
was made through the Landscape Archeology and Cultural Geography bias. The results
of the analysis of the physical environment and of the material culture were investigated
in order to understand the settlement systems of the social groups that occupied the area
over time and how these groups organized the internal space of their housing areas and
Activities. For this purpose, bibliographical surveys, field work in the areas of
archaeological sites, aerial photographs and satellite images were carried out. For the
systematization of the data, spreadsheets and geographic information system (GIS)
programs were used. For the preliminary analysis of the lytic and ceramic collections,
approaches were used to reconstitute the operative production chains of the artifacts, in
order to understand how the raw material was acquired, the production, the use and the
disposal of the instruments, from of a techno-typological analysis. The results showed
the existence of a hunter-gatherer settlement system, represented by Santana do
Figueirão, Santana do Figueirão II, Água Azul and Agua Azul II Sites; A pottery farmer
settlement system, represented by the Bela Vista Sites of Jacaré, Vassoural São José,
Cervo, Capão Escuro, Água Azul and Agua Azul II, New India, Rosario, Santo Antônio
do Lajeado and Balsamina; In addition to reoccupied areas, demonstrating a palimpsest
site system, represented by Água Azul and Água Azul II Sites.
Keywords: Geography; Landscape; Archeology, Operational Chain, Settlement
System.