Evaluarea si interventia in criza data de violenta - Dr. Radu Vrasti ...
Evaluarea si interventia in criza data de violenta - Dr. Radu Vrasti ...
Evaluarea si interventia in criza data de violenta - Dr. Radu Vrasti ...
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<strong>Radu</strong> <strong>Vrasti</strong> Ghid Practic <strong>de</strong> Interventie <strong>in</strong> Criza<br />
numar dublu <strong>de</strong> vizite medicale <strong>si</strong> <strong>de</strong> 8 ori mai multe utilizari ale serviciile <strong>de</strong> sanatate<br />
comparativ cu femeile neabuzate (Wisner <strong>si</strong> colab. 1999). Majoritatea studiilor d<strong>in</strong> diverse tari<br />
au aratat ca una d<strong>in</strong> patru femei au trait cel put<strong>in</strong> un act <strong>de</strong> <strong>violenta</strong> fizica <strong>si</strong> una d<strong>in</strong> opt femei<br />
experiemnteaza cel put<strong>in</strong> un abuz <strong>de</strong> alt tip <strong>de</strong> <strong>violenta</strong> domestica <strong>de</strong>-alungul vietii (Hague <strong>si</strong><br />
Malos, 2005).<br />
Prevalenta violentei impotriva femeilor variaza mult <strong>in</strong> functie <strong>de</strong> metodologia folo<strong>si</strong>ta,<br />
esantioanele utilizate <strong>si</strong> factorii culturali subjacenti. Garcia-Moreno <strong>si</strong> colab. (2006) gasesc, pe<br />
baza a 24.000 <strong>in</strong>terviuri <strong>in</strong>trepr<strong>in</strong>se <strong>in</strong> 10 tari la femei <strong>in</strong>tre 15 <strong>si</strong> 49 ani, ca 35 pana la 76% <strong>in</strong><br />
ele au fost asaltate fizic <strong>si</strong> sexual. D<strong>in</strong>tre acestea 15 pana la 71% au fost victime ale propriilor<br />
lor parteneri <strong>in</strong>timi, iar d<strong>in</strong>tre acestea 21 pana la 66% au <strong>in</strong>dicat ca nu au raportat sau vorbit cu<br />
nimeni <strong>de</strong>spre acest lucru.<br />
Alhabibi <strong>si</strong> colab. (2010) fac o revizuire <strong>si</strong>stematica a studiilor publicate <strong>in</strong>tre 1995 <strong>si</strong><br />
2006 priv<strong>in</strong>d prevalenta violentei asupra femeilor. Ei ai i<strong>de</strong>ntificat 1.653 <strong>de</strong> studii d<strong>in</strong> care 41%<br />
au fost publicate <strong>in</strong> Nord-America <strong>si</strong> 20% <strong>in</strong> Europa, iar 56% d<strong>in</strong> studii au avut la baza un<br />
esantion d<strong>in</strong> populatia generala <strong>si</strong> 17% un esantion cl<strong>in</strong>ic recrutat d<strong>in</strong> femeile care se adreseaza<br />
facilitatilor <strong>de</strong> <strong>in</strong>grijire a sanatatii. Autorii constata ca exista o mare heterogenitate a datelor <strong>in</strong><br />
functie <strong>de</strong> localizarea geografica, <strong>de</strong> tipul facilitatilor <strong>de</strong> <strong>in</strong>grijire la care s-au adresat aceste<br />
femei abuzate <strong>si</strong> <strong>de</strong> apartenenta culturala. Prevalenta cea mai mare a exista <strong>in</strong> studiile care s-au<br />
bazat pe datele d<strong>in</strong> sectiile <strong>de</strong> obstetrica-g<strong>in</strong>ecologie <strong>si</strong> cele p<strong>si</strong>hiatrice. Prevalenta pe durata<br />
vietii pentru <strong>violenta</strong> fizica este aproape comparabila <strong>in</strong>tre toate cont<strong>in</strong>entele, <strong>in</strong>tre 30-40%, <strong>in</strong><br />
timp ce <strong>violenta</strong> emotionala este mai ridicata <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>ental Sud-American, urmat <strong>de</strong> Europa <strong>si</strong><br />
A<strong>si</strong>a, iar prevalenta pe toata viata pentru <strong>violenta</strong> sexuala pare a fi mai ridicata <strong>in</strong> Australia <strong>si</strong><br />
A<strong>si</strong>a. Cand se fac studii pe populatia generala, prevalenta violentei emotionale este mai mica<br />
<strong>si</strong> este cupr<strong>in</strong>sa <strong>in</strong>tre 21-40% <strong>in</strong> Germania <strong>si</strong> 20% <strong>in</strong> Olanda <strong>si</strong> Suedia, <strong>si</strong> 35-40% <strong>in</strong> Canada <strong>si</strong><br />
USA, fata <strong>de</strong> prevalenta calculata pe baza raportarilor femeilor d<strong>in</strong> sectiile cl<strong>in</strong>ice sau d<strong>in</strong><br />
serviciile <strong>de</strong> urgenta, un<strong>de</strong> prevalenta este mai mult <strong>de</strong>cat dubla ca <strong>in</strong> esantioanele d<strong>in</strong><br />
populatia generala (Flury <strong>si</strong> colab. 2010).<br />
Aprecierile pe care le-a facut Eurobarometrul <strong>de</strong>spre <strong>violenta</strong> domestica <strong>in</strong> 27 <strong>de</strong> tari<br />
Europene arata ca 98% d<strong>in</strong> populatie este constienta <strong>de</strong> problema violentei domestice, 78% d<strong>in</strong><br />
europeni recunosca ca <strong>violenta</strong> domestica este problema comuna societatii lor <strong>si</strong> ca o persoana<br />
d<strong>in</strong> c<strong>in</strong>ci stie pe c<strong>in</strong>eva care a faptuit o <strong>violenta</strong> impotriva partenerului. Europenii con<strong>si</strong><strong>de</strong>ra ca<br />
<strong>violenta</strong> sexuala <strong>si</strong> ce fizica sunt cele mai frecvente <strong>si</strong> severe forme <strong>de</strong> <strong>violenta</strong> iar d<strong>in</strong>tre<br />
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