Cirkulär migration och utveckling - kartläggning av ... - Regeringen

SOU 2010:40 Summary
entry in the Swedish population register is that a person has a legal
right to stay here and intends to stay for at least 12 months.
Those who were not entered in the Swedish population register
include many who were granted a work permit under the new law
on labour immigration where many received a permit for less than
12 months. During 2009, a total of 18 000 people were granted a
first permit to work on the Swedish labour market. Out of these, a
small group is made up of self-employed persons. Only 126 selfemployed
persons were granted work permits during 2009. Researchers
make up one group granted permission to work here.
Another group are former asylum applicants. The incomparably
largest occupational category for those who were granted a work
permit during 2009 included workers in agriculture, gardening and
forestry. Just under 7 300 people were granted a permit under this
category. The second largest group is made up of computer specialists.
In addition, workers both in occupations that require many
years’ education or specialisation and in occupations where long
education is not required, have come. The majority receive shortterm
permits. Only every fourth person has been granted a permit
exceeding 12 months. This low proportion largely depends on the
large number of short-term permits to work in gardening and for
picking wild berries.
People employed in large corporations who are temporarily stationed
in Sweden often stay here without being entered in the
population register. This is a small but highly qualified group who
may be of great relevance for development both in Sweden and in
other countries. There is also a group of people staying in Sweden
without permission and who therefore cannot be found in official
statistics. Estimates from voluntary organisations indicate that it is
a question of between 25 000 and 50 000 people.
Another large and important group is international students.
There were more than 36 000 international students studying in
Sweden in 2009. Europe is the largest area of origin for the students
but an increasing number come from Asia and the largest
number from China. Many receive their degrees in Sweden and are
prepared to enter the labour market. The international students are
potential labour immigrants and future circular migrants. The
students are also in many ways a key group regarding development
in both country of destination and of origin. An international student
may under certain circumstances become a labour immigrant.
However, it is difficult for foreign students to establish themselves
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