Effektivare projektering av brokonstruktioner med hjälp av BIM

6Assimilation, as suggested by the literature, is a process by which one ethnicgroup acquires and fuses values, sentiments, memories, and attitudes of another ethnicgroup through the sharing and incorporation of cultures (Duncan, 1929; Gordon, 1964;Hirsch, 1942; Johnson, 1963; Simons, 1901; Teske & Nelson, 1974; Woolston, 1945).Assimilation results in the acceptance of the cultural norm of the majority culture.Assimilation based on the melting pot theory is not appropriate for all ethnic culturalcommunities, including those from Southeast Asia. Acculturation is a more favorableprocess as it has the capacity for the retention of certain elements of the guest culture.According to Redfield, Linton, and Herskovits (1936), acculturation:Acculturation comprehends those phenomena which result when groups ofindividuals having different cultures come into continuous first-hand contact, withsubsequent changes in the original cultural patterns of either or both groups. (p.149)Additionally, Berry (2005) referred to acculturation as the dual process change, bothpsychologically and culturally, as a result of contact with individuals of two culturalgroups. Furthermore, researchers such as Berry (1980), Berry (1998), Lee and Leu(2006), and Barry (2001) described four distinct processes of acculturation: assimilation(identifies mostly with dominant culture), integration or biculturalism (identifies withboth cultures), separation (identifies with ethnic culture), and marginalization (lowidentification with both cultures).As reported by Berry and Szapocznik, Kurtines, and Fernandez (as cited inSchwartz and Unger, 2010), biculturalism originated from the assimilation theory.Others such as Keefe and Padilla (1987) and Smokowski, Rose, and Bacallao (2008)defined biculturalism as the integration of the host and native cultural group of language,