bagratis taZari saxelovnebaTmcodneo kvlevis ... - Ancient Georgia

agratis taZari 

bagratis taZris reabilitaciis proeqti 

I etapi 

saxelovnebaTmcodneo kvlevis Sedegebi 

Seadgina 

xelovnebaTmcodne _ gia WaniSvilma 

Sps 

`restavratorebi da kompania~ 

seqtemberi 

2008

saxelovnebaTmcodneo kvlevis Sedegebi 

X-XI saukuneTa mijnaze agebuli bagratis taZari qarTuli 

xuroTmoZRvrebis ubrwyinvalesi Zeglia. igi Sesulia iuneskos egidiT 

aRiarebul msoflios umniSvnelovanes arqiteqturul ZeglTa siaSi. 

quTaisis RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesia, romelsac Cven dRes bagratis 

taZars vuwodebT, agebulia XI s-is dasawyisSi, gaerTianebuli 

saqarTvelos pirveli mefis _ bagrat III dros. 

bagratis taZris mSenebloba ganpirobebuli iyo im dros Camoyalibebuli 

erTiani saxelmwifos politikuri, ekonomikuri da kulturuli 

moTxovnilebebiT. mis xuroTmoZRvrul sxeulSi naTlad aisaxa 

mSeneblobis mravalsaukunovani xuroTmoZRvruli tradicia da is 

stilisturi cvlilebebic teqtonikasa da dekorSi, ramac I da II 

aTaswleulebis mijnaze iCina Tavi qarTul xuroTmoZRvrebaSi. taZarma 

srulad daakmayofila epoqis moTxovna, rogorc gansazRvruli 

xuroTmoZRvruli etapis damagvirgvinebelma nagebobam da ganviTarebis 

momavali mimarTulebac dasaxa. 

istoriuli TvalsazrisiT Zeglis mniSvneloba ganpirobebulia im 

garemoebiT, rom bagratis taZaris mSeneblobis da misi arsebobis 

istoria, TviT qveynis istoriis Tanmxvedria _ `bagrati~ saqarTvelos 

erTianobis simboloa da masSi asaxulia qveynis istoriis didebisa da 

Znelbedobis mravali furceli. `bagratis~ istoria ar Semoifargleba 

mxolod misi mSeneblobis dasawyisiT. taZarSi da mis garSemo 

Catarebuli ukanaskneli arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Sedegad am adgilas 

ufro adreuli nagebobebic aris dafiqsirebuli. 

`bagratis taZris~ Sesaxeb uamravi istoriuli cnoba, Canaweri, 

mecnieruli gamokvleva, foto da grafikuli masala arsebobs. 

taZris mSenebloba moxseniebulia mis Tanadroul istoriul qarTul 

wyaroSi _ `matiane qarTlisaÁ~, sadac aRniSnulia, rom bagrat III-m 

akurTxa èklesia quTaTisa gangebiTa didiTa da miuwvdomeliTa~ 

qarTvel didebulTa da ucxoel stumarTa TandaswrebiT. aqve naxsenebia, 

rom saqarTvelos mefe giorgi I quTaisSia dakrZaluli. 

bagrat III moxseniebulia taZris epigrafikul warweraSic: 

`† Ä meufeo, mflobelo y(ove)lTa suf(e)v(a)Tao, um(e)t(e)sad adide 

Zlieri b(a)gr(a)t k(u)r(a)p(a)l(a)ti, afx(a)zTa da q(a)rTv(e)lTa m(e)fÀ, 

Tana mamiT, dediT, dedofliT da ZiT m(a)TiT, a(me)n~ 

aqvea 1003 wlis warwera taZris mSeneblobis Sesaxeb: 

`† odes g(a)nmtkicna iat(a)ki qr(oni)k(o)ni iyo 223~; 

fasadebze kidev mravali warweris fragmentia SemorCenili sadac 

aRniSnulia ucnobi istoriuli pirebi, xolo taZris antefiqsze 

SemorCenil warweraSi aRniSnulia mefe giorgi. 

1

aranakleb sainteresoa bagratis taZris xuroTmoZRvruli saxe. igi 

ganekuTvneba saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul arqiteqturul tips _ trikonqs. 

es taZari trikonqis erT-erTi saintereso nimuSia, romelSic tipis 

ZiriTad koncefciasTan Serwymulia qarTuli sakulto xuroTmoZRvrebis 

da samSeneblo xelovnebis tradiciuli niSnebic. 

taZari Seicavs qarTuli sakulto arqiteqturis xelmeore aRorZinebis 

xanis dasawyisis, Xs-is klasikis ZiriTad xuroTmoZRvrul sivrcobriv 

koncefciebs, mxatvrul-stilistur niSnebs da samSeneblo xerxebs da 

amasTan mis xuroTmoZRvrul sxeulSi naTlad ikveTeba axali 

arqiteqturuli azrovnebis _ cxovelxatuli stilis niSnebic. 

bagratis taZris mSenebeli 

faqtobrivad amTavrebs trikonqis 

Temis damuSavebas qarTul 

xuroTmoZRvrebaSi (odnav 

mogvianebiT agebul alaverdSi am 

Temis ganviTarebis mxriv 

aRaraferi xdeba, miuxedavad imisa, 

rom gegmareba Secvlilia da 

trikonqis gverdiTi absidebi ukve 

gareTa, erTian marTkuTxedSia 

Cawerili. Tema ukve aRar aris 

aqtualuri da yuradReba sxva 

mxriv maxvildeba). bagratis taZris mSeneblobas qveynis 

gaerTianebisaTvis simboluri mniSvneloba hqonda da xuroTmoZRvari 

marTlac aerTianebs taZris centralur sivrces. verdiTi maRali 

absidebi erTian organizmad aris wamoCenili gumbaTqveSa struqturaSi. 

trikonqis TemisTvis aq ukve moZebnilia qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis 

Sinagani bunebidan gamomdinare saxe da damorCilebulia mis mxatvrulesTetikur 

TviTSegnebas. 

bagratis taZris xuroTmoZRvari swored amgvari Semoqmedi aRmoCnda. 

misTvis problemas ar warmoadgenda axal esTetikaSi garkveva da 

sabaziso principebis SenarCuneba, magram stilisturi cvlilebebi ise 

swrafad xdeba, rom TviT es brwyinvale Semoqmedic ki ver aswrebs Tavisi 

qmnilebis Tavdapirveli CanafiqriT dasrulebas 

Tavad bagratis taZaria am mxatvrul-stilistur cvlilebaTa 

amsaxveli. taZris mSenebeli ukve axali stilistikiT Zerwavs nagebobis 

xuroTmoZRvrul sxeuls. mis mier dakvaluli gegma da sivrcobrivi 

Canafiqri novatorulia da arqiteqturuli modis ukanasknel Targze 

morgebuli. magram stilis ganviTareba ise Cqaria, rom mSeneblobis 

Tavdapirveli stilisturi Canafiqri mSeneblobis dasrulebamde 

Zveldeba. mSeneblobis procesSive xdeba misi koreqtireba da Tu taZris 

dasavleTi nawili jer kidev X s-is napirze devs, misi aRmosavleTi 

monakveTi xidiviTaa gadawvdili momdevno saukuneSi. rogorc Cans 

qveyanaSi taZrebis, sasaxleebis da sxva nagebobebis gamalebuli 

mSenebloba mimdinareobs da qveynis SemoqmedebiT ZarRvSi moZravi, 

mdidari tradiciebiT gajerebuli energia, axal mxatvrul samoseliT 

mocul SedevrebSi vlindeba. 

2

_ `matiane qarTlisaÁ~ 

c n o b e b i s n u s x a 

XIs. 

àmanve (bagrat III-m) akurTxa eklesia quTaTisa gangebiTa didiTa da 

miuwvdomeliTa, rameTu Semokribna maxlobelni yovelni xelmwifeni da 

kaTolikosni, mRvdelmoZRvarni da yovelTa monasterTa winamZRuarni, da 

yovelni didebulni zemoni da qvemoni, mamulisa da samefosa misisa 

myofni, da sxuaTa yovelTa saxelmwifoTagani~ 

1027w. 

`...gardaicvala giorgi (I) mefe ... qoronikonsa oras ormocdaSvidsa 

(1027w.), Tvesa agvistosa Teqvsmetsa ... wariyvanes da damarxes saydarsa 

quTaTissa~ 

qarTlis cxovreba, t. I, Tb., 1955w., gv. 276, 281. 

XVs. 

_ ambrozio kontarini 

veneciis elCi sparseTSi _ 1473w. 

` ... 9 ivliss movediT patara qalaqs, quTaiss; aq, mcire goraze, aris cixe 

sul qviTkirisa. Sig cixeSi eklesia aris; rogorc etyoba, Zlier Zveli. 

gaviareT xidi, romelic gadebulia sakmaod did mdinareze, movediT 

patara mindorze. aq dgas sasaxle saqarTvelos mefis, bagratis~. 

italieli mogzaurebi saqarTveloSi - iosafa barbaro da ambrozio 

kontarini, `moambe~, 1894, #11, gv.51. 

XVIs. 

_ davTari quTaisis saydris 

gamosavali begarisa _ 1578w. 

aRwerilia Tu vis ra marTebda bagratis taZris sasargeblod. 

`Zveli saqarTvelo~, t. IV, tf., 1914 - 1915ww. ganyof. III, gv. 1-72. 

3

XVIIs. 

_ arqanjelo lamberti 

italieli mogzauri _ 1633 - 1653w.w. 

`...qalaqis Suaguls Camourbis fazisi, romelic orad hyofs qalaqs. 

mSvenieri xidi ki orive mxares aerTebs. goraze romelic gadahyurebs 

qalaqs, dgas eklesia. es eklesia daculia ufro bunebrivi mdebareobiT, 

vidre xelovnuri samxedro simagriT~. 

lamberti arqanjelo, samegrelos aRwera, Targmani italiuridan 

aleqsandre Wyoniasi. XVIIs. me-2 gamoc. levan asaTianis winasityvaobiT, 

redaqciiT da SeniSvnebiT. Tb., 1938w. gv.10. 

_ levan II dadianis 

mTavarangelozis xatis warwera _ 1646w. 

` ... (aleqsandre III imereTis mefes) sofia wmidis saydari (bagratis 

taZari) meTofeebiT aevso da gaemagrebia~. 

qarTul xelnawerTa instituti _ dimitri meRvineTuxucesis fondi # 15. 

_ aleqsi ievlevi 

ruseTis elCi saqarTveloSi _ 1650 - 1652ww. 

` ...quTaisis cixe-galavani qvis aris. galavnis kedlebi simaRliT sami 

saJeni iqneba. cixis kedlebze, sakrebulo taZris pirdapir, oTxi didi 

palatia. gviambes, rom am palatebSi kaTalikosebi cxovrobdneno. 

galavnisa da koSkebis kedlebi ara erT adgilas Camongreulia. gviambes, 

rom wina wlebSi, Turqebis laSqari movida da Setevis dros is kedlebi 

da koSkebi zarbaznebiT Camoangrieso. amJamad es dangreuli kedlebi da 

koSkebi keTdebao. 

cixe-galavanze TxuTmeti didi da mcire koSkia. am didi cixe-galavanis 

saerTo moculoba aTasorasocdaaTi `didi saJenia~. cixe-galavani 

mdinare rionze, maRla mTazea gadamdgari. quTaisis im did cixegalavanSi 

qvis, sakrebulo taZaria _ erTgumbaTiani, saucxood agebuli. 

gumbaTi gadaxurulia spilenZiT, Teqvsmet waxnagad. saydari didi Tlili 

qvebiT aris agebuli, saJnianiT da zogjer meti sididis. am sakrebulo 

taZris saerTo gare wris zoma oTxmocdaeqvsi `didi saJenia~, 

sakrebulo taZars garSemo qvis galavani aqvs Semoyolebuli _ ori 

saJenis simaRlis. sisqiT naxevari saJeni. galavanTan misvlamde, wminda 

alayafis karebamde ,sami didi palatia, rva-rva saJniani. galavanSive 

qvisgan agebuli samrekloa _ mrgvali. zed erTi zaria, rva fuTi iqneba; 

Sig ori ena aqvs. galavnis wre asoci `didi saJenia~. 

4

sakrebulo taZari RvTismSoblis miZinebis saxelobis aris. Sig, winaT 

kedlis mxatvroba yofila. saydarSi mrgvalad Tlili rva svetia. 

saydarSi am svetebze iqeT-aqeT gverdebze, TaRebs qvemoT kamarebia 

(patronike) SesaniSnavad gakeTebuli. am kamarebze asavali Signidan, 

saydarSi aris. gviambes, rom roca dResaswaulia da mefe-dedofali 

mwuxrs, ciskars da wirvas eswreba, maSin dedofali, sxva didebulTa 

meuRlebiTurT, am kamarebze imyofeba. dedofals galoba esmis, iq myofT 

yvelas xedavs, magram xalxi mas ver dainaxavs. saydarSi marjvena mxares, 

svetTan, qvisagan gakeTebuli mefis adgilia, zed mefeebia daxatuli. 

roca mefe im sakrebulo taZarSi modis, im Tavis adgilze dgeba. am 

adgilis pirdapir, sakurTxevlis kedelze, yovladwminda RvTismSoblis 

adgilobrivi (qarTuli) xatia, welszemoT gamosaxuli. xatis gvirgvini 

oqrosia, gvirgvinis samkaulebi minanqriT aris gakeTebuli. 

RvTismSobels da macxovars samoseli, saxate da misi karebi oqroTi 

daferili vercxliT aqvs moWedili. samoselis moWedilobaze saRvTo 

dResaswaulebi da wmindanebia amotvifruli. adgili sagangebod 

mowyobilia, xati Tavis budiT qviT aris amoSenebuli. xati iseT 

simaRleze dgas, rom xeliT Tu miwvdeba kaci, amitom xatis budemde sami 

qvis safexuria asasvleli, raTa xatis mTxveva SesaZlebeli iyos... 

aRsavlis karebis marcxena mxares, blaqernis yovladwminda 

RvTismSoblis xati maradiuli yrmiT, adgilobrivi xelovnebisaa. 

gvirgvini da Sua nawili oqroTi aris moWedili, gvirgvinis samkauli 

minanqriTaa Semkuli. RvTismSoblis gvirgvinSi laJvardisferi, didi 

iagundebia Casmuli. gverdebze mimagrebulia oqros ori patara kidobani. 

gviTxres, rom Sig wmida Toma mociqulis nawilebiao... xats arSiebi, bude 

da budis karebi amotvifruli vercxliT aqvs moWedili... moWediloba 

oqroSia daferili. gviambes, rom is yovladwminda RvTismSoblis xati, 

konstantinepolidan aris motanili da winaT blaqernis saydarSi idgao. 

im xatiTao, konstantine mefem, Tavisi qaliSvili akurTxao, roca mas 

imereTis mefe daviTze aTxovebdao, am qalma ki xati quTaisSi Tan 

wamoasvenao...~ 

aleqsandre ievlevis 1650-1652ww. imereTis samefoSi elCobis 

saangariSo aRweriloba, rusuli teqsti da 

qarTuli Targmani gamosacemad moamzadaA 

iase cincaZem, Tb., 1969w. gv.136. 

М. Полиевктов - Посольство стольника Толчанова и дьяка Иевлева в 

Имеретию 1650-1652, Тб., 1926, стр. 151. 

_ vaxuSti batoniSvili 

qarTveli istorikosi da geografi _ 1691w. 

` ... gamovidnen cixidam osmalni da Semusres quTaTisis eklesia yovlad 

wmidisa, did Suenierad gebuli ...~ 

qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, Tb., 1973w. gv. 854. 

5

XVIIIs. 

_ vaxuSti batoniSvili 

qarTveli istorikosi da geografi _ 1745w. 

àqa aRaSena nv mefeman bagrat yovlad wmidisa eklesia Suenieri, 

gumbaTiani, sruliad sofiis kenWiT Sinagan qmnuli da marmariloTa 

spetakiTa, wiTliTa da WreliTa, da suetebiTa misiTave, da yovliTa 

SemkobilebiTa sruli, da friad didi. dasua episkopozi, mwyemsi 

imereTisa da guriisa, TÂnier raWa-leCxumisa. zis awca da arRara 

egdeniTa samwysoTi. daflul arian nv mefe bagrat, (IV) nz mefe giorgi 

(II). aramed welsa CqJb, qarTulsa tp (1692w.) Semusres osmalTa, da 

wariRes suetni misni da marmariloni samcxes~. 

qarTlis cxovreba, t. IV, Tb., 1973w. gv. 761. 

`garna iqmna sagloveli rameTu gamovidnen cixidam osmalni da Semusres 

quTaTisis eklesia yovlad wmidisa, did Suenierad gebuli, vinaiTgan 

avnebdnen cixesa munidam friad, qsa CqJa, qarT toT (1691w.)~. 

qarTlis cxovreba, t.IV, Tb., 1973w. gv. 854. 

_ ioane xucesis 

dRiuri _ 1770w. 

`quTaTisis cixes rusebma zarbaznebis srola dauwyes mwvane yvavilaTgan 

... rusebi zarbazans da yumbaras esrodnen cixes dReSi aszed metsa ...~ 

S. lomsaZe _ gviani Sua saukuneebis saqarTvelos 

istoriidan, axalcixuri qronikebi, Tb., 

1973w. gv. 129. 

_ i. giuldenStedti 

germaneli naturalisti 

ruseTis akademiis namdvili wevri _ 1772w. 

`...qalaqis SigniT, koSkis dasavleTis kedlis zemoT, dgas dangreuli 

qarTuli qristianuli eklesia, romelic sididiT mcxeTis eklesiis 

tolia. saxeldobr, 45 nabijis sigrZisa (saidanac 15 nabiji uWiravs 

samkveTlo-salaros roomelsac amfiTeatris saxe aqvs da 30 nabiji 

siganisaa. mTavari kedlis SigniT, is aris 20 nabiji siganisa, xolo 

SuaSi ovaluria da 5 nabijiTaa Seweuli yovel mxares. amiT eklesias 

jvris forma aqvs. am gamoweul adgilebSi aris patara Sesasvlelebi da 

amaTTan, kidev 10 nabijis moSorebiT, karibWeebia amoyvanili, romelTa 

msgavsic dasavleTis karis winac aris. yoveli grZeli kedlis bolosTan 

aris 5 sveti, 3 saJenis wrewirisa, romlebsac, albaT, TaRi eWiraT. 

svetebisagan mxolod qveda nawilebi dgas, saxuravi mTlianad 

Camoqceulia. 6 saJenis simaRlis kedlebi naSenia aguriT da riyis qviT, 

6

xolo garedan da Signidan maT Tlili qvis perangi aqvT. mTavari karis 

garSemo aris ramdenime, qvaSi sufTad amokveTili jvari; eklesiaSi ki 

arc suraTebia da arc warwerebi. am eklesiaSi devs ori marmarilos 

svetis naSTi. marmarilo gadatexis adgilas aris brWyviala. momwvano da 

moTeTro elferiT daUmuStisodena Savi laqebiT; es aris Cveulebrivi 

narevi. eklesiis maxloblad dgas patara samreklo. sCans Turqebma es 

eklesia daangries, roca qalaqi daipyres. 

roca grafma totlebenma 1770w. 6 agvistos ieriSiT gamoglija quTaisi 

Turqebs da solomon mefes daubruna, mefem yvela kedeli, gansakuTrebiT 

ki cixe, mTlianad daangrevina. Turqebi quTaisSi isxdnen 120 weli, ris 

gamoc axlac yovelive dangreulia. kedlis CrdiloeT da agreTve 

dasavleT mxareze Cans winaqalaqis nangrevebi ori eklesiis naSTiT. 

dasavleT kedlidan 100 nabijis moSorebiT, napirze, aris 20 nabijis 

ganikveTis abano~. 

giuldenStedtis mogzauroba saqarTveloSi, t.I, germanuli 

teqsti qarTuli TargmaniTurT gamosca da 

gamokvleva daurTo g. gelaSvilma, Tb., 1962w. 

gv. 139-143. 

_ iakob reinegsi 

LAgermaneli diplomati _ 1780-iani ww. 

`...Zveli qalaqi quTaisi gaSenebulia fazisis marjvena mxares, sakmaod, 

maRal, TiTqmis wawvetebul mTaze ... iq moCans qvisgan aSenebuli, Zalian 

lamazi eklesiis nangrevebi. misi arqiteqturuli stili da gareTa 

morTuloba didi gulmodginebiTaa gamoZerwili da asaxavs im epoqas, 

rodesac xelovnebam konstantinepolSi ukve dakarga Tavisi is wminda 

xasiaTi, rac didi xnis ganmavlobaSi sxvebisagan ansxvavebda berZnul 

monumentebs. mezobel imerlebs, didi xnis manZilze Robeebis 

gasakeTeblad aqedan mihqondaT kolonebis zogirTi nawilebi, kedlis 

qvebi. miuxedavad amisa, Senobis aqamde moRweuli naSTebi asaxaven am 

mxaris pirveli qristiani mefeebis RvTismorwmunebas da xelovnebis 

mdgomareobas iustinianes dros. 

am nangrevebis garSemo ganlagebulia xis Senobebi, romlebic 

warmoadgenen arqiepiskoposis rezidencias. ramdenime saxli ukavia misi 

eklesiis mRvdlebs da miwismoqmedT. aqve mdebareobs Tofiswamlis 

sawyobi. mezoblad aris SesaniSnavi wylis Semcveli wyaroebi~. 

reinegsi iakob _ kavkasiis zogadi istoriul-topografiuli 

aRwera, naw. II, germanulidan Targmna 

s. kakabaZem, 1979w. gv 40. 

7

XIXs. 

_ Jak fransua gamba 

safrangeTis konsuli TbilisSi _ 1824w. 

àq aris qviT nagebi Zalze lamazi eklesiis nangrevebi~ 

Jak fransua gamba - mogzauroba samxreT ruseTSi, kerZod 

amierkavkasiaSi,, frang. Targmna mzia 

mgalobliSvilma, Tb., 1987w. gv132. 

J. F. Gamba - Voyage dans la Rusie meridionale fait depuis 1820 

wigns darTuli aqvs taZris Canaxati, 1824w. 

_ diubua deьmonpere 

Sveicarieli bunebismetyveli da mogzauri _ 1833w. 

`bagrat III daiwyo, xolo bagrat IV daasrula quTaisis taZari. am meore 

bagrats colad hyavda romaeli imperatoris - argiris qaliSvili elene 

da simamrisgan man mziTvad miuRia arqiteqtorebi da muSebi eklesiis 

dasasruleblad, romelic stiliT bizantiur-somxuri tipisaa. 

bizantiuri jvris saxiT agebuli taZari sigrZiT 112 franguli futi, 

xolo siganiT 26-ia. jvris centrSi oTx rvakuTxa svets ekava gumbaTi, 

diametriT 26 futi. kapitelebi sapire mxridan, cxovelTa 

gamosaxulebebiT iyo morTuli. aq ZiriTadad Svlebze da irmebze 

monadire vefxvebia. gairCeva raRac sfinqsebi da sqel yelsabamiani 

frinvelebi adamianis gamosaxulebebiT, romelTac brWyalebiT gvelebi 

da mtredebi uWiravT. 

eklesiis Sida sivrce SebaTqaSebuli da moxatuli yofila, romlisgan 

naSTebiRa SemorCa. Sida gaformebaSi mefobs bizantiuri stili. 

garegnulad ki kievis lavris eklesias hgavs. mTels Senobaze mxolod 4 

warweraa _ yvela qarTuli. erT-erTi gvauwyebs, rom Senoba dafuZnebula 

223 wels qoronikoniT,anu 1003wels. bareliefi erTia _ wina fasadis 

yvelaze maRal da mdidrulad morTul sarkmelis TaRis patara niSaSi 

warmodgenilia angelozi, romelsac xeli aqvs CaWidebuli bagratze. 

imave kedelze, ufro maRla jvaria amokveTili. sarkmlis CarCoze 

vasiliski da grifonia gamosaxuli ucnaurad - Tavebi maT marjvniv aqvT, 

kudebi ki marcxniv. aseTive grifonebi aRmosavleTis TiTqmis yvela 

Zeglze gvxvdeba, pantikapeionis samarxebidan persipolisis nangrevebamde. 

Turqebs 1691w. dauwyiaT taZris ngreva. giuldenStets jer kidev 1772w. 

ramdenime Sida sveti fexze mdgomi unaxavs, axla ki aRaraferia 

darCenili, arc gumbaTis da arc kamarebis didi nawilisgan. taZarSi 

asaflavebdnen mdidar WirisufalTa micvalebulebs. samxreTiT 

miSenebulia ekvderi, romelSic egzarqosi swiravs. erTxel im adgilis 

maxloblad sadac egzarqosi swiravda qva Camovardnila da igi kinaRam 

gauWyletia. ubeduri SemTxvevis Tavidan asacileblad mas gamouTxovia 

taZris im nawilis dangreva romelic masze miSenebul ekvders daqcevas 

uqadda. jer kidev 1772w. quTaisSi abxazeTis patriarqs daqvemdebarebuli 

mitropolitis kaTedra yofila. patriarqi Cveulebriv geguTSi 

cxovrobda. amJamad patriarqis da mitropolitis valdebulebebi 

gaerTianebulia imereTis arqiepiskoposis saxiT~. 

8

F. Dubois de montpereux - Voyage autcur du Caucase..., t.I, Paris, 1839, p.418. 

F. Dubois de montpereux - Atlas, serie dàrchitectur, ou IIIe serie, Neuchatel en Suisse, 1840, 

tab. XII _ XVII. 

Ф. Дюбуа де Монпере - Путешествие вкруг Кавказа, I, пер. сфранц. Н. А. 

Данкевич-Пущиной, c. 5. 

_ a. p. muraviovi 

rusi mogzauri _ 1848w. 

`...manande sanam bagratis poetur nangrevebs vixilavdiT meufesTan erTad 

SevediT dRevandel miZinebis saxelobis eklesiaSi, romelic 

moridebulad aris ganTavsebuli uZvelesi da umSvenieresi taZris 

samxreT karibWeSi ... 

taZris CrdiloeTis kedeli yvelaze ukeT aris SemorCenili da sarkmlis 

qveS, aq RvTismSoblis gamosaxulebaa ... 

vinc Sexedavs am eklesiis TaRiT daxurul SiSvel kedlebs, xolo 

Semdeg bagratis taZris didebul nangrevebs, ver daijerebs, rom aq 

bagrationTa STamomavalni mefobdnen. SedarebiT Zveli ieri aqvs 

samreklos, sadac patara ekvderic arsebobda. aqve SeimCneva mefis 

karmidamos nakvalevi; misgan axla darCenilia qvis terasa rionze da 

saukunovani cacxvebi...~. 

А. П. Муравьев - Грузия и Армения, ч. 3. СПБ., 1848. 

_ mixeil selezniovi 

rusi mogzauri _ 1847w. 

`...rionis marjvena mxareze aRmarTulia 100 saJeni simaRlis TiTqmis 

Sveuli gora, romlis Tavze, Zvelad dafuZnebuli iqna qalaqi quTaisi, 

romelic Semdeg gadaitanes xeobaSi. amas gvemowmeba irgvlivi qvis 

kedeli; agreTve, taZrebisa da SenobaTa naSTebi; amaTgan marjvniv aris 

citadeli, romelic rusebma waarTves Turqebs: igi axla SekeTebulia da 

gamagrebuli. mis axlos aris Xs-is dasasruls agebuli wm. samebis 

saxelobis grandiozuli taZris naSTebi. taZris kedlebi Semosilia 

Tlili qviT. rogorc Cans, taZars SigniT hqonda didi kolonebi, maRali 

gumbaTi da berZnuli mxatvroba, rac nawilobriv axlac Cans da Tavisi 

sidiadiT aocebs yvela mecnier mogzaurs. taZari daangries Turqebma 

bagrat Tvaldavsilis dros, roca aiRes citadeli, ris Sedegad, ori 

saukunea dacarielebuli dgas. 

am taZris axlo, amwvanebul daqanebaze, dgas patara eklesia, sadac 

inaxeba Zveli, adrindeli taZris wm. mariam qalwulis xati. eklesias 

emijneba arqiepiekoposis Senoba, seminaria da saxli samRvdeloTaTvis... 

citadelSi aris grZeli saidumlo gvirabebi rionze da gamoqvabulebSi, 

sadac aqaurTa rwmeniT, inaxeba maTi Zveli sxvadasxva iaraRi da 

nivTebi...~. 

М. Селезнѐв - Руководство к познанию Кавказа, кн. 2, СПБ., 1847, с.72-74. 

9

w a r w e r e b i 

I. warwera. 1003w. aRmosavleT mklavis CrdiloeT fasadze, 

sarkmlis qvemoT, marjvniv:A 

G`† odes g(a)nmtkicna iat(a)ki qr(oni)k(o)ni iyo 

223~ 

FHFH 

II. warwera. 1001-1008ww. aRmosavleT mklavis CrdiloeT fasadze, 

sarkmlis qvemoT, marcxniv: 

`† Ä meufeo, mflobelo y(ove)lTa suf(e)v(a)Tao, um(e)t(e)sad 

adide Zlieri b(a)gr(a)t k(u)r(a)p(a)l(a)ti, afx(a)zTa da 

q(a)rTv(e)lTa m(e)fÀ, Tana mamiT, dediT, dedofliT da ZiT 

m(a)TiT, a(me)n~ 

III. warwera. XIs. aRmosavleT fasadze, ormagi sarkmlebis zemoT, 

arqivoltis qveda arSiaze: PP 

`[†] S(e)w(e)vn(i)Ta R(mr)Tis(a)ÁTa, b(a)gr(a)tis(a)g(a)n 

n(e)b(i)Ta R(mr)T[i]s(a)ÁTa afx(a)zTa da q(a)rTv(e)lTa 

m(e)f[(i)sa da k(u)r(a)p(a)l(a)t(i)sa da d(e)d(i)sa 

m(a)]Tisa g(u)r(a)nd(u)xt d(e)d(o)flisa, 

aR(e)S(e)na w(mida)Á ese s(a)yd(a)ri, Â(e)liTa [...]~ 

10

IV. warwera. XIs. aRmosavleT fasadze, 

centraluri TaRis marjvena svetisTavis 

zemoT, samkuTxa segmentSi: 

`q(rist)e, S(eiwyal)e i(ova)ne~ 

V. warwera. XIs. taZris samkveTlos CrdiloeT kedelSi wyobis qveda 

meoTxe rigSi: 

`[ . . . ]m(a)S(ene)b(eli)~ an `[?] mS(o)b(eli)~ 

VI. warwera. XIs. taZris CrdiloeT mklavis aRmosavleT kedelze, 

wyobis qveda mexuTe rigSi: 

`w(mida)o R(mr)T(i)s[m]Sobelo [. . . ]~ 

VII. warwera. XIs. taZris ra nawilSi iyo moTavsebuli ucnobia. 

SemorCenilia mxolod warweris fotonegativi: 

`q(rist)e, S(eiwyal)e [. . . ] 

am(a)s z(ed)a [. . . ] 

iw( )maa [. . . ] ~ 

11

VIII. warwera. XIs. taZris samxreT-dasavleTi kuTxis cokolis 

erT-erT qvaze, samxreTis mxares: 

òqropÁrsa~ 

IX. warwera. XVIs. taZris dasavleTi Sesasvlelis marcxniv, cokolis 

erT-erT qvaze: 

`TurmanisZesa zaqarbersa [Seundven RmerTman]~. 

X. warwera antefiqsze. XIs. monacrisfro - movardisfro Tixa, 12X7.7 sm. 

inaxeba quTaisis saxelmw. istoriul muzeumSi: 

`q(rist)e ad(id)e~ 

12

X1. warwera antefiqsze. XIs. wiTeli Tixa, 15X10sm. inaxeba quTaisis 

saxelmw. 

istoriul muzeumSi: 

`g(iorg)i m(ef)e~ 

XII. warwera antefiqsze. X-XIs. wiTeli Tixa, 11X12.5sm. inaxeba quTaisis 

arqeologiuri gaTxrebis bazaze: 


XIII. warwera antefiqsze. X-XIs. wiTeli Tixa, 12X9 sm. inaxeba quTaisis 



13

XIV. warwera antefiqsze. XIs. moWiquli wiTeli Tixa, 15X9.5 sm. inaxeba 

quTaisis saxelmw. istoriul muzeumSi: 

`[q(rist)e] ad(id)e~ 

XV. warwera antefiqsze. X-XI ss. wiTeli Tixa, 12X8 sm. inaxeba quTaisis 


ànt(o)ni~ 

warwerebis wakiTxva mocemulia v. silogavas mixedviT. ix. bibl. 22 da 23. 

14

taZris gamagrebis da aRdgenis istoria 

taZris Seswavlas jer kidev XIX s-Si Seudgnen, magram misi safuZvliani, 

mecnieruli gamokvleva mxolod XX s-is me-2 meoTxedidan daiwyo. 

nagebobam daungrevlad moaRwia XVII s-is bolomde, im dromde sanam igi 

osmalebma aafeTqes denTiT 1691wels. amas daemata general totlebenis 

mier uqimerionis cixis dabombva (1770w.), ramac mTlianad Seiwira taZris 

zeda nawilebi. Tumca im droisTvis samive karibWe da gumbaTqveSa 

svetebis qveda monakveTebi jer kidev fexze idga. dasavleTis karibWe 1833 

wels Camoingra. amave xanebSi gadaakeTes samxreTis karibWe samrevlo 

eklesiad. taZris kedlebi TandaTan iSleboda, nangrevebi imoseboda 

suroTi, xolo misi teritoria gadaiqca saamSeneblo masalis ioli 

mopovebis obieqtad. 

taZari pirvelad gamoikvlia da misi grafikuli restavracia, gumbaTis 

yelianad Seasrula diubua de monperem¹ (1833w.). eklesiis momdevno gegma 

ekuTvnis mari broses¹ (1851w.). a. pavlinovma ki nagebobis gegmasTan erTad 

gamoaqveyna eklesiis Wrilebis da fasadebis grafikuli restavraciis 

naxazebi¹ (1893w.). am mkvlevarTa monacemebi gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan da 

amasTan ar asaxavs nagebobis realur saxes. 

1925-26ww.-Si taZari moinaxules da mis Sesaxeb mosazrebebi 

gamoTqves g. CubinaSvilma da n. severovma¹. nagebobis zusti anazomi ki 

mxolod 1937-39ww. Sesrulda (n. severovi) da praqtikulad im droidan 

iwyeba misi mecnieruli kvleva. 

ra mdgomareobaSi daxvdaT mkvlevarebs bagratis taZari? 

1937 wlisTvis mTlianad iyo Camongreuli nagebobis zeda nawili gumbaTkamarebianad. 

aRar iyo adgilze gumbaTqveSa svetebi da dasavleTis 

patronikeTa sistema. SedarebiT ukeT iyo SemorCenili CrdiloeTis 

absidi, samxreTisa ki morRveuliyo Sewyvilebul sarkmlebs zeviT. aseve 

garRveuli iyo aRm. mklavis centraluri are (1930w. es narRvevi gaamagres 

droebiTi kedliT) da frontoni, xolo dasavleT fasadis samxreTi 

nawili _ TiTqmis mTlianad mongreuli. kedlebi praqtikulad 

SemoZarculi iyo sapire wyobisgan. mTlianad iyo dangreuli Crdilo da 

dasavleTis karibWeebi da garsSemosavleli, Crd. dasavleTis kuTxis 

koSki ki _ dazianebuli da moSlili. samxreTis karibWe daumaxinjebiaT 

XIX s-Si miSenebuli kedlebiT. taZari SigniT da gareT avsebula qva- 

RorRiT, kedlebi ki dafarula xSiri mcenareulobiT. 

miuxedavad amgvari savalalo mdgomareobisa, bagratis taZris nangrevebi 

didebuli sanaxavi iyo da swored aseTi _ suromodebuli da ferweruli 

nangrevebi iwvevda mnaxvelSi esTetikur tkbobas da erTgvar rids da 

mowiwebas misi ZnelbediTi istoriisadmi. 

_ qvemoT CamoTvlili sarestavracio samuSaoebis sruli sailustracio 

masala mocemulia dabla _ aRdgenis dasuraTebul nusxaSi. 

15

1930w. aRmosavleT fasadis Sua nawilis gamagrebis mizniT, erTiani 

kedliT amoaSenes misi Sua are. Sekres samxreT-dasavleTis gaglejili 

kuTxe da mcire zomis filebiT Semoses, Crdilo fasadis aRm. nawili. 

samuSao Caatara `rionhesma.~ 

1939-41ww. samxreTis karibWeze moixsna XIXs-is danamatebi. arasaTanado 

wyobiT amoSenda karibWis aRm. da dasavl. kedlebi da gaixsna samxreTis 

samTaRedi. Tumca es ar iyo Zeglis mecnieruli restavracia, radgan 

karibWes ar dabrunebia Tavdapirveli saxe. Semdeg II msoflio omma 

samuSaoebi Seaferxa da igi gagrZelda mxolod 1950-iani wlebidan. 

nagebobis zust arqeologiur anazomze dafuZnebuli, taZris 

Tavdapirveli saxis dadgenis pirveli meTodologiuri kvleva, 

ganaxorciela arqit. n. severovma da Seadgina grafikuli restavraciis 

proeqti. man gamoTqva zogierTi sarekonstruqcio mosazrebac¹. es 

proeqti ZiriTadad taZris nangrevebSi SemorCenil monacemebzea agebuli 

da mis mixedviT interieri Semdegnairadaa gadawyvetili: 

16 sarkmliani gumbaTi afrebis saSualebiT eyrdnoba, mrgval bazebze 

dafuZnebul, oTx Tavisuflad mdgom rvawaxnaga burjs. aRmosavleTiT 

ganTavsebulia centr. sakurTxevlis absidi da misi mimdebare 

orsarTuliani pastoforiebi, xolo dasavleT mklavSi _ Crdilo da 

samxreT navebis meore sarTulebis momcveli da dasavleTis kedelTan 

gaerTianebuli, svetebze Semomdgari patronikeni. am sivrciT 

ganzomilebaTa forma da doneebi, iseve rogorc lavgardanebis, 

frontonebis da kexis simaRle, n. severovma daadgina nangrevebze 

SemorCenili realiebiT. 

n. severovis mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi meTodologiurad gamarTulia, 

Tumca zogierTi maTgani ar daadastura Semdgomma kvlevebma. magaliTad 

mas miaCnda, rom taZris Crdilo-dasavleTis samsarTuliani koSkis 

analogiuri moculoba unda yofiliyo aRmarTuli, mis mopirdapire, 

samxreT-dasavleT mxaresac, xolo cent. sakurTxevlis win, kuTxeebSi 

unda mdgariyo mrgval svetebze dafuZnebuli ¾ moculobis mrgvali 

svetebi. Surfebis gaTxris Sedegad koSkis da svetebis naSTebi 

miTiTebul adgilebSi ar dadasturda. aseve ar dadasturda jvruli 

kveTis svetebi dasavleTis patronikensa da gumbaTqveSa burjebs Soris 

da centraluri sakurTxevlis fasadis erTsarkmlianoba. 

1951w-dan bagratis taZris Seswavlas da aRdgena-gamagrebis proeqtis 

Sedgenas Seudga arqiteqtor-restavratori vaxtang cincaZe. 

dasawyisidanve ganisazRvra restavraciis strategia. gaTvaliswinebuli 

iqna taZris fizikuri mdgomareoba da aqedan gamomdinare, daiwyo 

nagebobis gegmazomieri aRdgena-gamagrebis rTuli da xangrZlivi procesi 

da rogorc Tavad v. cincaZe ixsenebs, `saerTo proeqtiT 

gaTvaliswinebuli samuSaoebi ixveweboda calkeuli ubnebis, Zeglis 

saerTo fonze mecnieruli gamokvleva Seswavlis dros da mxolod amis 

Semdeg xdeboda ama Tu im ubnis samuSao proeqtis Sedgena da misi 

adgilze ganxorcieleba~.¹ 

16

1951-52ww.-Si v. cincaZis xelmZRvanelobiT ganxorcielda Semdegi 

samuSaoebi: 

a). dadginda dacviTi zonebi bagratis taZris garSemo da ganisazRvra 

zedmeti nagebobebis aReba, taZris istoriuli teritoriis ukeT 

Seswavlis da dacvis mizniT; 

b). daiwyo taZris gawmenda gars Semomdgari 2m. simaRlis miwisa da qva- 

RorRisgan. aizoma da daxarisxda miwiT dafaruli, taZridan Camocvenili 

arqit. detalebi; 

g) ganxorcielda Zeglis sruli fiqsacia _ Canaxatebi, arqeologiuri 

anazomi, fotofiqsacia; 

(taZris gawmendaSi monawileobas iRebdnen arqiteqtori m. dvali, 

arqeologi b. ramiSvili da g. masxaraSvili. anazomi Sesrulda arqit. T. 

kandelakis da d. morbedaZis monawileobiT). 

d) nagebobis safuZvlebis da gegmis srulyofilad dadgenis mizniT 

gaiTxara Surfebi da Catarda saamSeneblo masalis petrografiuli 

analizi (dadginda, rom saamSeneblo masalad gamuyenebiaT kirqva, 

romelic dResac moipoveba quTaisis maxloblad eklaris samtexloze); 

e). am mosamzadebeli samuSaoebis Semdeg, Sedga nagebobis zogadi da 

samxreT-aRmosavleT monakveTis aRdgena-gamagrebis samuSao proeqti. 

proeqti damtkicda saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis prezidiumTan 

arsebuli meToduri sabWos mier, xolo samuSaoebis warmoeba daevala 

saqarTvelos kulturis saministros, kulturis ZeglTa dacvisa da 

restavraciis saqmeTa sammarTvelosTan 1952w. gaxsnil, samecniero- 

sarestavracio sawarmoo saxelosnos, dasavleT saqarTvelos ubans. am 

ubnis ufrosad dainiSna quTaiseli inJineri grigol (griSa) asaTiani, 

romelic SemdgomSi, wlebis ganmavlobaSi xelmZRvanelobda bagratis 

taZris samSeneblo warmoebas. 

sarestavracio strategiiT gansazRvruli iyo Tavdapirvelad taZris 

gamagreba mTel perimetrze. aRdgena unda ganxorcielebuliyo 

Tanamedrove sarestavracio meTodologiis mixedviT, rac iTvaliswinebda 

nagebobis srulyofil kvlevas da Camongreuli nawilebis ardgenas 

kvlevisa da adgilze moZiebuli konstruqciuli detalebis da kedlebze 

SemorCenili budeebis mixedviT. 

1952-54ww. aRdgena-gamagrebis I etapi _ restavratori v. cincaZe. 

samxreT fasadis aRmosavleT nawilis da samx. aRmosavleT kuTxis 

aRdgena, aRmosavleT fasadis mimdebare samxreTis monakveTiT. cokoli, 

bazebi, pilastrebi, lilvebi, kapitelebi, TaRedebi, kedlis perangi, 

sarkmlebi, reliefuri gamosaxulebebi, lavgardanebi _ aRdga adgilze 

moZiebuli konstruqciuli detalebis da SemorCenili kvlebis mixedviT. 

aRdgenis procesSi gairkva, rom aRm. mklavis kedlebi 50sm-iT viwro da 

gansxvavebuli teqtonikuri agebulebis yofila, nagebobis danarCen 

kedlebTan SedarebiT, rac mis Semdegdroindelobaze unda miuTiTebdes. 

17

SurfebiT aseve dadginda cent. sakurTxevlis win, kuTxeebSi ori 

burjis baza, romlebic aseve mSeneblobis pirvel etaps ekuTvnoda. 

mSeneblobis meore etapze ki es bazebi gadauTliaT da rvawaxnaga 

burjebis magivrad aq sakurTxevliswina pilonebi aRumarTavT. aseve 

gamovlinda karg mdgomareobaSi myofi mZlavri saZirkvlebi, ramac 

daasabuTa, rom Senobis ngreva ganpirobebuli yofila gareSe 

faqtorebiT. Surfebis gaTxriT aseve ar dadasturda koSkis arseboba 

dasavleT fasadis samxreT kuTxeSi. 

1958-59ww. aRdga samxreTis karibWe _ restavratori v. cincaZe. 

karibWes daubrunda Tavdapirveli saxe. daiSala arasaTanado wyobiT 

amoSenebuli aRm. da dasavl. kedlebi, aRdga kedlis dekori da moxsna 

CuqurTmebSi Camjdari nalesobis da SeTeTrebis naSTebi. aseve daiSala 

misi frontoni da kamara, gamagrda betonis Semkravi saSualebiT da 

xelaxla aewyo (gamagrebiT samuSaoebs awarmoebda inJiner-konstruqtori 

d. lomaZe). karibWesTan erTad aRdga samxreT mklavis centraluri 

nawili samsarkmliani kompoziciiT da zemodan daedo sakonservacio 

fena. 

1960-iani wlebidan daiwyo taZris dasavleT monakveTis aRdgena. v. cincaZe 

Tavis angariSSi aRniSnavs: “samxreT-dasavleTis kuTxe afeTqebis Zalam 

gaglija (igulisxmeba taZris afeTqeba Turqebis mier 1691 w.). kuTxis 

qveda nawili, cokolidan zeviT-samiode metris simaRleze dauzianebeli 

aRmoCnda, Tu ar CavTliT sapire wyobas, romelic mogvianebiT unda iyos 

Camoclili. ngreva ufro zeviT gavrcelda. Camoingra dasavleTis 

fasadis marjvena nawilis TiTqmis mTeli simaRlis ori 

mesamedi.samxreTis fasadze ki Camoingra xuTTaRedis zeda nawili. TviT 

kedeli, patronikenis iatakis doneze gadatyda da Sveulidan 16-18 sm-iT 

gadmoixara. droTa ganmavlobaSi, gamofituli, Camocvenili da 

dakarguli iyo rogorc TaRnaris nawili, aseve sapire wyoba. ase rom, Tu 

dasavleTis fasadis aRniSnuli nawili srulebiT dakarguli iyo, aq, 

samxreTiT, kedlis zeda nawils jer kidev marTlac rom “suli kbiliT 

eWira”. 

proeqti iTvaliswinebda samxreT-dasavleTis kuTxis dakarguli nawilis 

aRdgenas. es aucilebeli piroba iyo upirvelesad imisaTvis, raTa 

gadagverCina 20-22 metris simaRleze damoukideblad ayudebuli 

dasavleTis fasadis didi nawili. mas davukavSirebdiT samxreTis 

xuTTaRedian kedels da SevkravdiT wyobaSi moTavsebuli rkina-betonis 

qamriT. es, Tavis mxriv, uzrunvelyofda rogorc samxreTis kedlis 

simtkices, aseve mis konservacias; rac Seexeba samxreTis kedlis zeda 

nawilis gadmoxras, saSiSi ar iqneboda, vinaidan kedels sawinaaRmdego 

mxridan sagrZnoblad didi masa unda mimateboda. amgvarad, proeqtiT 

ganxorcielebuli aRdgena-gamagrebiTi samuSaoebis Catarebis Sedegad, 

aRdgenili iqna rogorc am ubnis simtkice, ise nagebobis Tavdapirveli 

arqiteqtonikuri gadawyveta, romelic yvela, dRemde arsebul 

rekonstruqciaSi ar iyo sworad warmodgenili. 

18

dasavleTis fasadsa da Crdilo-dasavleTis kuTxeSi mdebare 

samsarTuliani sacxovrebeli koSkis aRdgenagamagreba, 

ZiriTadad, exeboda am koSkis saxuravis 

gamarTvas da dakarguli sapire an xuroTmoZRvrul 

formaTa ganmsazRvreli qvebis aRdgena-konservaciis 

samuSaoebs; dasavleTis fasadze ki koSkiT 

dafaruli nawilis dazianebuli qveda-narteqsis da 

zeda-patronikenis sarkmlebis aRdgeniT, 

vertikalurad CamoSlili nawilis Sekvras. rogorc 

avRniSneT, dasavleTi mklavis fasadis centraluri 

nawili, gavamagreT samxreT-dasavleTis kuTxeze Catarebuli samuSaoebis 

Sedegad. darCenili gvqonda Crdilo-dasavleTis kuTxeze SemorCenili 

karnizis Tavdapirveli mdebareobisa da misi struqturis aRdgena. 

adgilze kvlevis dros davrwmundiT, rom: kuTxe, romelzedac iyo 

gamagrebuli karnizi, ar iyo Tavdapirveli saxiT SemorCenili; misi 

wyobis rigebi areuli iyo, TviT kuTxe ki gamosuli _ Sveuli 

mimarTulebidan; rTuli profilis batiyela karnizi, rogorc amas Tla 

gvikarnaxebda, ar ido sworad; arc karnizis kuTxis Semklavebuli 

nawili iyo Tavis rigze gamarTuli da a.S. mogvixda Crdilo-dasavleTis 

kuTxis wyobis daSla da misi Tavdapirvels miaxlovebuli saxiT aRdgena, 

rac moxerxda karnizis nawilebis Seswavlisa da urTierTSepirispirebiT 

morgebiT. aviReT misi Sabloni, ris saSualebiTac davamzadeT da 

davawyveT axali, e.i. gavzardeT karnizis sigrZe. Seqmnili kexi taZris 

mklavebis zeda nawilis erTaderTi damafiqsirebeli adgilia da mas, 

rogorc saerTod nagebobis, ise mis calkeul xuroTmoZRvrul formaTa 

warmoCenisaTvis sagangebo mniSvneloba eniWeba. 

aRm-is fasadi danarCenTan SedarebiT yvelaze cudad iyo SemorCenili. 

afeTqebam gaglija misi qveda centraluri nawili, sadac 1930 wels 

damWeri kedeli Seuyudes. fasadis marjvena nawili, CrdiloeTis 

saTavsebis umetesi nawiliT, sruliad iyo gamqrali. marcxena-samxreTis 

saTavsebis mxolod mopirkeTebis ramdenime kvadri iyo adgilze 

SemorCenili. ase rom, aRmosavleTis fasadis, araTu xuroTmoZRvruli 

gadawyveta, aramed misi mzidavi kedlebis didi nawili da gansakuTrebiT 

centraluri, savsebiT ganadgurebuli iyo. fasadis SemorCenili 

fragmentebis Seswavlis Sedegad SesaZlebeli gaxda fasadis mxatvruli 

gadawyvetis sqemis aRdgena. mTavari, rac am fasadis aRdgenisas adrec 

ipyrobda mklevarTa yuradRebas, iyo sakurTxevlis sarkmeli. 

dRemde yvela arsebul rekonstruqciaze erTi didi 

sarkmelia gamoxatuli. adgilze 

Catarebuli kvlevis dros interierSi 

mosalodneli sarkmelis qveviT aRmoCnda 

ori qva, romlebsac zedapiruli 

damuSavebis garda, erTs, sarkmlisaTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli CaqanebiT damuSavebuli 

ori mrudi hqonda. qveda mrudi ufro 

didi, zeda ki SedarebiT mcire diametriT iyo 

amoWrili. meore qvas zedapiris garda erTi mrudi 

hqonda, romlis diametri pirveli qvis mcire mrudis 

diametrs imeorebda. am qvebidan aRebuli Sabloni 

19

zeviT darCenil wyobis qvebs SevuTavseT da gamoirkva, rom moZiebuli 

ori qva, samsarkmliani kompoziciidan iyo SemorCenili. pirveli qvis 

qveda mrudi maRali marcxena sarkmlisa iyo, zeda ki – mrgvali 

sarkmlisa, romelsac meore qvis mrudi SeuTavsda. amrigad, gairkva, rom 

sakurTxevelSi meore xuroTmoZRvarma sami sarkmlidan 

Sedgenili is kompozicia gaimeora, romelic adre, pirvel 

xuroTmoZRvars hqonda ukve samxreTisa da CrdiloeTis 

mklavebSi gakeTebuli. es faqti kidev ufro naTeli gaxda, 

rodesac daviwyeT 1930 wels amoyvanili kedlis nawil-nawil 

daSla da kedlis Tavdapirveli xuroTmoZRvruli saxis 

aRdgena. aRmoCnda, rom 1930 wels wyobaSi Tavdapirvel 

adgilze SemorCenili iyo samsarkmliani kompoziciis qveda, 

didi, marcxena sarkmlis moCarCoebidan S ornamentiani 

fragmenti. 

proqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli iyo aRmosavleTis fasadis CrdiloaRmosavleTis 

kuTxis aRdgena, orive sarTulis saTavsebis absidiT da 

konqiT. rogorc ki es samuSaoebi dasrulda, gadavediT CrdiloeTis 

fasadze. 

CrdiloeTs fasadis aRmosavleTisa da dasavleTis nawilis aRdgenagamagrebis 

samuSaoebi Sesatyvis fasadebze samuSaos warmoebis dros 

SevasruleT, saukuneTa manZilze mzrunveli xelis gareSe darCenili 

CrdiloeTis mklavi ukiduresad cud mdgomareobaSi iyo. mas suro 

Semoxveoda da mravali aTeuli wlebis ganmavlobaSi fesvebiT RrRnida 

da Slida kvadrebis SemakavSirebel xsnars. daZruli iyo sapire wyoba, 

pilastrebisa da TaRnaris lilvebi svetisTavebiT. ngreva zevidanac 

ulmoblad mimdinareobda. mklavis gadaxurva, saburavis sagebeli da 

karnizebi mTlianad dakarguli iyo. konqis triumfaluri TaRi 

Camovardnili, CamoSlili iyo konqis erTi mesamedi, suroSi gaxveuli 

danarCensac Camongreva emuqreboda. 

aRdgena gamagrebis proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli iyo: suros mocileba, 

mklavis damxurav konqis aRdgena, daZruli kvadrebis moxsna, gawmenda da 

kvlav Tavis adgilze dabruneba. es saqme metad Sromatevadi aRmoCnda, 

vinaidan igi mklavis mopirkeTebis did nawils Seexo. 

sagangebod gvinda SevniSnoT, rom, rodesac CrdiloeT 

mklavze aRdgena-gamagrebis samuSaoebi daviwyeT, konqis 

TaRis gawmendis dros, CrdiloeTi fasadis axlos, 

Camoyril nangrevebs, naSal xsnarsa da mcenareTa Soris 

aRmoCnda, zemoT ukve aRniSnuli, ramdenime molurjomwvane 

WiquriT daferili warweriani, kramiti. es kramiti 

Tavisi formiT karnizis zeda pirveli rigisaTvis aris 

sagangebod damzadebuli. povnis adgilis mdebareoba 

gvafiqrebinebs, rom igi aq gumbaTidan Camovardnis 

Sedegad unda iyos moxvedrili. warweraSi, rogorc 

vTqviT, bagrat III-is Svili – giorgia moxsenebuli, rac, 

Tavis mxriv, Zeglis cxovrebis mniSnelovan etapebze mogviTxrobs. 

20

amgvarad, 1970 wlisaTvis zogadi proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli yvela 

samuSao dazustda da dasrulda. Zeglis periferiuli kedlebis 

restavraciis dasrulebis Semdeg, ferweruli suraTis mqone Zeglis 

nangrevebi gadaiqca ruinirebul arqiteqturul nagebobad. es gansazRvra 

exeboda Zeglis garegan saxes, sadac Tavdapirveli saxiT Semonaxuli iyo 

mdidari dekoraciuli morTuloba, didi raodenobis mxatvruli 

detalebiT. interierSi ki, Cangreulia sivrcobriv formaTa Semqmneli 

yvela elementi: gumbaTis damWeri boZebi, svetebi da TaR-kamarebi, 

sivrcis gamyofi kedlebi da, bolos, TviT gumbaTic; e.i. gamqralia 

Sinagani sivrcis agebulebis ideac ki da sivrciTi formebis 

damokidebuleba nagebobis garegan masebTan da fasadebis dekorTan. 

1972 wels saqarTvelos ssr mecnierebaTa akademiis meTodur sabWos 

movaxseneT Zeglis interierSi nawilobrivi aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis 

Catarebis aucileblobis Sesaxeb. sabWom moiwona es winadadeba da miiRo 

gadawyvetileba misi ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb. SevudeqiT proeqtis 

Sedgenas, romlis mTavar ideas warmoadgens Zeglze, interierSi, 

SemorCenili elementebis nawilobrivi aRdgeniT, Tavdapirveli sivrcis 

gamomJRavneba im zomamde, rom aRdgenilma nawilma nagebobis interieris 

mxatvruli arsis aRqmis saSualeba mogvces. am dros darCenili detalebi 

moTavsdeboda maTs Tavdapirvel adgilze. saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, 

ZeglisaTvis esTetikuri funqciebis dabrunebis SesaZlebloba 

dasaSvebadaa miCneuli italiis “restavratorTa qartiaSic”. 

bagratis taZris interieris 

warmosadgenad ZiriTad aqcents iZlevian 

gumbaTqveSa boZebi, romelTa bazebi 

darCenilia adgilze. SemorCenilia 

agreTve maTi kapitelebi. oTxi boZidan 

Cven erTi, Crdilo-aRmosavleTis, 

aRvadgineT mTel simaRleze. sxva boZebi 

da svetebi avamaRleT sxvadasxva 

simaRleze, rogorc es interieris sivrcis 

warmoCenisaTvis miviCnieT saWirod. 1979w. maisiT daTariRebuli proeqti 

zeviT aRniSnuli samuSaoebis gagrZelebas iTvaliswinebs da eyrdnoba 

1978w. 9 ivnisis, Zeglze samecniero sabWos mier miRebul dadgenilebas. 

“vinaidan arsebobs yvela monacemi sakurTxevlis konqis aRsadgenad, 

konqi aRdges ise, rom misi CrdiloeTis nawili bemis CrdiloeTis 

kedliT daukavSirdes gumbaTqveSa Crdilo-aRmosavleTis boZs, rac 

uzrunvelyofs Crdilo-aRmosavleTis boZisa da kuTxis simtkices”. amave 

sxdomis oqmSi gaTvaliswinebulia sxva, mcire samuSaoTa Catareba. 

proeqti iTvaliswinebs agreTve 

sakurTxevlis win SerCenil, feradi 

xsnariT Sesrulebuli “mozaikuri” 

iatakis dacvas. iataki unda mTlianad 

gaTavisufldes mis dasacavad dayrili 

miwisgan. mozaika unda aRdges gamagrdes 

da momzaddes saCveneblad. naleqebisagan 

dasacavad gaTvaliswinebulia liTonis 

konstruqciaze minis safaris mowyoba. 

21

wvimis wyali gadayvanili iqneba RariT. amave RariT moxdeba 

sakurTxevelSi dagrovili naleqebis gayvana interieris gareT. 1979 wliT 

daTariRebuli proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli samuSaoebi dasasruls 

uaxlovdeba. 

aRniSnuli proeqtis ganmartebiT baraTSi naTqvamia: am samuSaos 

“SesrulebiT damTavrdeba TviT taZris restavracia, Zeglis mecnieruli 

dacvis Semdegi etapi ki iTvaliswinebs 1833 wels dangreul dasavleTis 

karibWis aRdgenas”. 

1985 wels v. cincaZis xelmZRvanelobiT restavratorTa jgufma (iv. 

gremelaSvili, d. berbiWaSvili i. banZelaZe) daiwyo samxreT mklavis 

frontonis da satriumfo TaRis aRdgena. aRdgenas am SemTxvevaSic win 

uswrebda SemorCenili konstruqciuli nawilebis safuZvliani kvleva. 

amave dros daiwyo mudmivmoqmedi arqeologiuri gaTxrebi (1984w.) da 

taZris teritoriis ganTavisufleba zedmeti nagebobebisgan. am saqmeTa 

wamomwyebi da mxarSi mdgomi iyo quTaisis maSindeli xelmZRvaneli mamuka 

aslanikaSvili. 1986w. dasrulda samxreT mklavis aRdgena da dadga 

dasavleT karibWis aRdgenis jeri. vaxtang cincaZe Tavis statiaSi 

gvauwyebs: 

`dasavleTis karibWis naSTebis adgilze 

Catarebulma kvlevam, misi arqiteqturuli 

da ornamentuli fragmentebis aRricxvaazomvam 

da Seswavlam dagvarwmuna, rom XIX 

s. 30-ian wlebSi Sesrulebuli Cernecovis 

Canaxati, karibWis sakmaod zust suraTs 

iZleva. Cernecovis dros karibWes bevrgan 

aklda sapire wyoba; dangreuli iyo 

samxreTis kedeli, Camocvenili iyo 

karnizebi, Camoqceuli Cans suraTze gumbaTi 

da gadaxurva, rasac mowmobs zevidan Camosuli SuqiT ganaTebuli 

gumbaTis afra da SigniT Camocvenili didi raodenobis qvebi. 

dasavleTis karibWis aRsadgenad yvela saWiro monacemi 

aRmoCnda: gumbaTis damWeri TaRebis profilebi, am TaRebis 

mimarTuleba, maTi quslebis adgilebi da gvirgvinis agebis 

konstruqcia. amas garda, adgilze darCenilia svetebis bazebi, 

svetebi svetisTavebiT, taZris dasavleTis fasadze Semonaxulia 

pilastrebi, TaRebis quslebi, kedlebze ki SemorCenilia TaRebis 

anabeWdebi. yvela aman ganapiroba karibWis aRdgenis saWiro da 

SesaZlebeli sizuste. 

mniSnelovani faqtia isic, rom dasavleTisa da samxr. karibWeTa 

teqtonika identuria; ufro metic, Sesrulebis manera da mxatvruli 

Semoqmedebis alRo imdenad axlosaa erTmaneTTan, rom SegviZlia erTi 

ostatis xelic ki vivaraudoT. dasavleTisa ufro metad paradulia, xom 

ar aris es SemkveTis surviliT gansazRvruli? Cven vfiqrobT, rom es ase 

unda iyos~. 

22

dasavleTi karibWe Tavdapirveli saxiT aRdga 1992w. v. cincaZesTan erTad 

mis aRdgenaze muSaobda restavratori iv. gremelaSvili. zemoT moyvanili 

teqsti daibeWda Tbilisis samxatvro akademiis samecniero Sromebis 1985 

wlis krebulSi. amis Semdeg sicocxlis ukanasknel dRemde prof. v. 

cincaZe muSaobda monografiaze bagratis taZari. Seasrula taZris 

interieris dasavleTi nawilis patronikenis aRdgenis proeqti, romlis 

ganxorcieleba aRar dascalda da mowafeebs dautova anderZad. 

samSeneblo fenebi: 

I _ etapi X-XIss-s mijna, taZris ZiriTadi moculobis ageba 

aRmosavleT mklavis da gumbaTis garda; 

II _ etapi XIs-is dasawyisi, taZris aRmosavleT mklavis gadakeTeba 

da gumbaTis ageba; 

III etapi _ XIs-is I meoTxedi, Crdilo-dasavleT koSkis da 

garSemosavlelis ageba. 

23

taZris ngrevis, dazianebis da aRdgenis dasuraTebuli 

nusxa 

1691w. _ denTiT aafeTqes Turqebma (am dros Camoingra gumbaTi). 

` ... gamovidnen cixidam osmalni da Semusres quTaTisis eklesia yovlad 

wmidisa, did Suenierad gebuli ...~ ix. bibl. 26. 

1770w. _ zarbaznis yumbarebiT daangria rusma generalma totlebenma (am 

dros unda iyos mTlianad Camongreuli taZris zeda nawilebi). 

`quTaTisis cixes rusebma zarbaznebis srola dauwyes mwvane yvavilaTgan 

... rusebi zarbazans da yumbaras esrodnen cixes dReSi aszed metsa ...~ 

_ioane xucesis dRiuri, ix. bibl. 14. 

samrevlo eklesiad gadakeTebuli karibWe 

1820-iani ww. _ rusulma saeklesio mmarTvelobam samxreTis karibWe 

daagrZela da gadaakeTa samrevlo eklesiad (gaxsnes karibWis aRmos. da 

dasavl. kedlebi da aRm-dan miadges sakurTxevlis absidi, xolo 

das-dan _ axali saTavsi. samxreTis samTaRedi ki amoaSenes da mTeli es 

nageboba SeaTeTres ix. bibl. 24; 

1830-iani ww. _ vinaidan dazianebuli kedlebidan qvebi cvivoda axlad 

gadakeTebul samxreTis eklesiis saxuravze, rusulma saeklesio 

mmarTvelobam, kerZod imereTis arqiepiskoposma sofronma gadawyvita am 

kedlebis dangreva, magram sabednierod es ZviradRirebuli samuSao ver 

ganaxorcieles, ix. bibl. 24. 

1833w. _ Camoingra dasavleTis karibWe; 

912-13 ww. _ quTaisis sazogadoebam moawesriga galavni, ix. bibl. 11, gv. 50. 

XIXs. me-2 nax. _ taZris qvebi gamoiyeneba skolis da sacxovrebeli 

saxlebis mSeneblobisaTvis, ix. bibl. 11, gv. 49. 

1930w. _ aRmosavleT fasadis Sua nawilis gamagrebis mizniT, qvis wyobis 

axali kedliT amoaSenes aRmos. mklavis SuaSi garRveuli kedeli da 

Sekres samxreT-dasavleTis gaglejili kuTxe. imave dros Crdilo 

kedlis remontisas amoaSenes samkveTlos sarkmeli da mcire zomis 

filebiT Semoses, Crdilo fasadis aRm. nawili. samuSao Caatara 

`rionhesma~. aRdgena uxarisxod Catarda, Tumca am samuSaoebma Zegli 

faqtobrivad gadaarCina dangrevas. 

24

XIX s. 1930 w. 

Crdilo fasadi samxreTis karibWe aRdgenamde 

1939-41ww. samxreTis karibWeze moixsna XIXs-is danamatebi da arasaTanado 

wyobiT amoSenda karibWis aRm. da dasavl. kedlebi. gaixsna aseve 

samxreTis samTaRedi. 

araswori meTodologiiT aRdgenili samxreTis karibWe 

25

taZris aRdgena-SekeTeba dafuZnebuli sarestavracio meTodologiaze 

daiwyo 1950-ian wlebSi, arqiteqt-restavratori. v. cincaZe. 

1952-54ww. aRdgena-gamagrebis I etapi. 

_ restavratori v. cincaZe. 

samxreT fasadis aRmosavleT nawilis da samx. aRmosavleT kuTxis 

aRdgena, aRmosavleT fasadis mimdebare samxreTis monakveTiT. 

aRdgenamde aRdgenis Semdeg 

cokoli, bazebi, pilastrebi, lilvebi, kapitelebi, TaRedebi, kedlis 

perangi, sarkmlebi, reliefuri gamosaxulebebi, lavgardanebi _ aRdga 

adgilze moZiebuli konstruqciuli detalebis da SemorCenili kvlebis 

mixedviT. 


26

1958-59ww. aRdgena-gamagrebis II etapi. 

aRdga samxreTis karibWe. 

_ restavratori - v. cincaZe, konstruqtori - d. lomaZe; 

karibWes daubrunda Tavdapirveli 

saxe. daiSala arasaTanado wyobiT 

amoSenebuli aRm. da dasavl. kedlebi, 

aRdga kedlis dekori da moxsna 

CuqurTmebSi Camjdari nalesobis da 

SeTeTrebis naSTebi. aseve daiSala 

misi frontoni da kamara, gamagrda 

betonis Semkravi saSualebiT da 

xelaxla aewyo (gamagrebiT samuSaoebs 

awarmoebda inJiner-konstruqtori d. 

lomaZe). aseve aRdga samxreT mklavis 

centraluri nawili. 

v. cincaZe 


27

1960-iani ww. aRdgena-gamagrebis III etapi. 

samx. dasavleT kuTxe aRdga da rkina-betonis qamriT daukavSirda, aseve 

aRdgenil dasavleT fasadis samxreT nawils. 

_ restavratori - v. cincaZe 


amgvarad Seikra taZris samxreT-dasavleTis monakveTi da gamoikveTa 

nagebobis arqiteqtonika; 


aRdga aseve dasavleT mklavis xuTTaRedi. 

28

1960-iani ww. – aRdga dasavleT mklavis frontoni 

_ restavrat. v. cincaZe; 



aRdga aseve Crd. dasavleTis samsarTuliani koSki. 

29

f a s a d i 

i n t e r i e r i 



bolos taZris dasavleT mklavma, aRdgenis Semdeg amgvari saxe miiRo. 

30

1960-iani ww. aRdgena-gamagrebis IV etapi. 

aRmos. fasadis sruli aRdgena, centraluri 

samsarkmliani kompoziciiT. 

– restavrat. v. cincaZe. 

XIX s. 1930 iani ww. remonti 

aRdgenamde aRdgenis Semdeg aRdgenis Semdeg 

aRdgenamde aRdgenamde aRdgenis Semdeg 

31

1960-iani ww. – aRdgena-gamagrebis V etapi. 

Crd. mklavis aRdgena fasadis da interieris mxridan 

– restavrat. v. cincaZe; 

aRdgenamde, XIX s. aRdgenis Semdeg 

aRdgenamde aRdgenis Semdeg 1930w. remonti aRdg. Semdeg 

aRdgenamde aRdgenis Semdeg warweriani antefiqsebi 

mklavis saxuravidan 

32

1974 w. – aRdgena-gamagrebis V etapi. 

Crd. aRm. gumbaTqveSa burjis aRdgena da misi TaRiT dakavSireba 

Crd. absidTan. danarCeni sami svetis sxvadasxva simaRleze aRdgena. 




mozaikuri iatakis aRdgena 

sakurTxevelis win 

33

1979 w. – aRm. mklavis konqis aRdgena da Crd. bemis dakavSireba Crd. aRm. 

gumbaTqveSa burjTan. Mmozaikuri iatakis aRdgena sakurTxevelis win. 



1985 w. – samx. mklavis Tavdapirveli saxiT aRdgena; 



34

1994 w. – aRdgena-gamagrebis bolo etapi 

dasavleT karibWis Tavdapirveli saxiT aRdgena. 

_ restavratorebi: v. cincaZe, iv. gremelaSvili 

XIX s. 30-ian wlebSi Sesrulebuli Cernecovis Canaxati, karibWis sakmaod 

zust suraTs iZleva. garda amisa, dasavleTis karibWis aRsadgenad yvela 

saWiro monacemi aRmoCnda: gumbaTis damWeri TaRebis profilebi, am 

TaRebis mimarTuleba, maTi quslebis adgilebi da gvirgvinis agebis 

konstruqcia. amas garda, adgilze darCenilia svetebis bazebi, svetebi 

svetisTavebiT. taZris dasavleTis fasadze Semonaxulia pilastrebi, 

TaRebis quslebi, kedlebze ki SemorCenilia TaRebis anabeWdebi. yvela 

aman ganapiroba karibWis aRdgenis saWiro da SesaZlebeli sizuste. 

Cernecovis Canaxati 1833w. aRdgenamde 

karibWis sveti 

aRdgenis procesSi aRdgenis Semdeg 

35

nagebobis aRnusxvis da Seswavlis istoria 

XX s-de 

1650 w. – aRweres aleqsi ievlevma da nikifore tolCanovma (ruseTis 

xelmwifis elCebi saqarTveloSi). maT aRniSnuli aqvT, rom taZars 

dasavleT nawilSi hqonda hatronikeni, xolo gumbaTi iyo 16 waxnagiani, 

ix. bibl. 9. 

1737 w._ timoTe gabaSvilma Seadgina 

imereTis ruka sadac aRniSnilia quTaisi 

da bagratis taZari (quTaTeli 

mitropoliti, diplomati da mogzauri); 

am rukaze gamosaxulia uqimerionis cixe, 

galavanSi moqceul nagebobebianad da 

bagratis gumbaTiani taZari, soboris 

eklesiis saxelwodebiT. rionis marcxena 

napirze ori eklesia da sacxovrebeli 

saxlebia datanili. ufro maRla ki 

gelaTis monasteria. bagratis taZari aq 

dauzianeblad aris gamosaxuli. igi ki, 

am droisTvis ukve afeTqebuli iyo 

Turqebis mier _ 1691w. Tumca SesaZloa 

gumbaTi mas nawilobriv mainc hqonda 

SemorCenili, ix. bibl. 15. 

1772 w. – aRwera iohan giuldenStedtma (germaneli naturalisti da 

mogzauri), ix. bibl. 6. 

1824 w. – Jak fransua gambas wignSi 

daculia taZris Canaxati (frangi 

konsuli TbilisSi), ix. bibl. 5. 

1830 w. – rusma mxatvarma n. g. Cernecovma 

Seqmna taZris dasavleT fasadis Canaxati 

dasavleT karibWiTurT, ix. bibl. 45., il. 81. 

1833 w. – aRwera da anazomebi gaakeTa 

diubua de monperem (Sveicarieli 

mecnieri da mogzauri). mis wignSi 

gamoqveynebulia taZris gegma, 

TariRiani warwera da xedebi, aRmos. 

fasadis sruli grafikuli 

aRdgeniT, gumbaTianad, ix. bibl. 40. 

36

1847 w. – aRwera da warwerebi gamoikvlia mari brosem (frangi 

qarTvelologi). mis wignSi gamoqveynebulia taZris gegma da ornamentuli 

detalebi, ix. bibl. 37. 

1875 w. – italielma mxatvarma ludvig premacim Seasrula taZris 

Canaxati; 

1888 w. – taZari Seiswavla da anazomebi gaakeTa a. m. pavlinovma (rusi 

arqiteqtori). mis wignSi gamoqveynebulia taZris gegma, Wrilebi da 

fasadebi grafikuli rekonstruqciiT, ix. bibl. 43. 

XIX s. II nax. – bagratis taZris fotofiqsacia ermakovis mier. 

XX saukune 

1911 w. – siZveleTa mkvlevarma s. gorgaZem gamosca pirveli qarTuli 

wigni bagratis taZris Sesaxeb, ix. bibl. 7. 

1925 w. – g. CubinaSvilis statia bagratis taZris Sesaxeb, ix. bibl. 35.¹ 

1926 w. – g. CubinaSvilma da n. severovma moinaxules bagratis taZari, ix. 

bibl. 45., gv. 100. 

A 

1937-39 ww. – Catarda taZris azomva – arqit. n.severovi, ix. bibl. 45, gv. 91. 

1942 w. – n. severis statia bagratis taZris restavraciaze, ix. bibl. 45. 

1951 w. – daiwyo bagratis taZris nangrevebis srulyofili Seswavla, 

gaiwminda taZari. Catarda srulyofili arqeologiuri azomva _ 

restavrat. 

v. cincaZe (monawileobdnen: arqit. m. dvali, T. kandelaki, d. morbedaZe, 

arqeolog. b. ramiSvili, da g. masxaraSvili), ix. bibl. 47, gv. 112. 

1951 w. – Catarda saamSeneblo masalis petrografiuli analizi, ix. bibl. 

47. A gv. 112 

1951 w. – gaiTxara Surfebi, ix. bibl. 47, gv.112. 

1950-iani ww. – daiwyo sarestavracio samuSaoebi¹ (restavrat. v. cincaZe); 

1959 w. – gamoqveynda n. severovis statia taZris restavraciaze, ix. bibl. 

45. 

1959 w. – gamoqveynda v. cincaZis statia restavraciaze, ix. bibl. 47, gv. 

112. 

1960-70 ww. – grZeldeba taZris Seswavla da sarestavracio samuSaoebi 

(restavrat. v. cincaZe); 

1980 w. _ v. silogavas statia bagratis taZris warwerebze, ix. bibl. 22 da 

23 ; 

37

1980-ian ww. – daiwyo taZris mimdebare teritoriis Seswavla da misi 

ganTavisufleba zedmeti nagebobebisagan; 

1984 w. – daiwyo mudmivmoqmedi arqeologiuri eqspedicia; 

1992 w. – dasavleT karibWis restavraciiT dasrulda bagratis taZris 

Seswavlis da aRdgena-gamagrebis ZiriTadi etapi (restavrat. v. cincaZe); 

1994 w. _ daiwyo bagratis taZris grafikuli rekonstruqciis proeqtis 

Sedgena (restavratorebi: iv. gremelaSvili, i. banZelaZe da d. jinWaraZe); 

2003 w. _ daiwyo bagratis taZris srulyofili Seswavla, grafikuli 

rekonstruqciis proeqtis saboloo saxis Sedgena da ~bagratis taZris 

mecnieruli dacvis koncefciis~ Camoyalibeba; 

2003 – 2007ww. _ Catarda arqeologiuri gaTxrebi, ris Sedegadac taZris 

interierSi gamovlinda adrindel nagebobaTa saZirkvelebis naSTebi, 

romelTa samSeneblo fenebi arqeologiuri masaliT IV _ VIII ss-iT 

TariRdeba; 

2008 w. daiwyo taZris reabilitaciis proeqtis Sedgena (arqiteqtorTa da 

xelovnebaTncodneTa jgufi. xelmZRvaneli arqiteqtor-restavratori iv. 

gremelaSvili); 

amJamad dasrulebulia proeqtis I etapi. Cveni mizani iyo srulyofili 

saarqivo-bibliografiuli da aqamde warmoebuli istoriularqiteqturuli 

kvlevebis srulyofili masalis mopoveba, raTa am 

masalebis da naturaSi kvlevis analizis safuZvelze SevimuSaoT 

rekomendaciebi. 

38

winaswari rekomendaciebi 

taZris SemorCenili nawilebis Tavdapirveli saxis dasadgenad unda 

gairkves Tu ra utyuari monacemebi SegviZlia movipovoT taZris 

SemorCenil kedlebze arsebuli da Camocvenili arqiteqturuli 

detalebis saSualebiT da ra unda dadgindes proporciuli analizisa 

da analogiebis moSveliebiT. 

masala saSualebas iZleva dadgindes taZris fasadebis, interieris, 

kamarebis da gumbaTis (sarkmelTa raodenoba) garkveuli sasimaRlo 

doneebi da struqtura. xerxdeba taZris gadaxurvis da gumbaTis TiTqmis 

yvela kvanZis da dekoris srulad dadgena, xolo misi Tavdapirveli 

saxis srulad warmodgena mindobilia proporciul analizsa da 

analogiebze. 

pirvel rigSi unda dadgindes reabilitaciis meTodi. meTodis dadgena 

bevrad iqneba damokidebuli nagebobis arsebul monacemebze. 

mniSvnelovania, rom taZris reabilitacia ganxorcieldes etapobrivad da 

SemuSavdes reabilitaciis procesis sruli programa da mosazrebebi 

proeqtirebisa da aRdgeniTi samuSaoebis Tanamimdevrobaze. 

unda gaanalizdes taZris kedlebze arsebuli da Zirs Camocvenili 

arqiteqturuli kvanZebisa da detalebis naturaSi kvlevis Sedegebi 

saarqivo masalebTan erTian konteqstSi da da gakeTdes Sesabamisi 

daskvnebi taZris aRsadgeni nawilebis konstruqciul detalebisa da 

sivrculi masebis ganTavsebis adgilis, maTi sasimaRlo doneebis, formis 

da mxatvruli saxis Sesaxeb. 

aucileblad unda gamoswordes xarvezebi. Ddabrundes taZris Sesabamis 

adgilze gvian moZiebuli arqiteqturuli detalebi da moixsnas 

rkinabetoniT amoyvanili burjebi. 

Catarebul samuSaoTa angariSebis da dokumenturi masalis Senaxvis 

adgili da bibliografia ix. qvemoT. 

39

arsebuli dokumentacia da bibliografia 

pasportebi: 

#15 _ bagratis kompleqsi, 2 furceli danarTiT, m. abaSiZe, 1992w. 

#16 _ bagratis taZari, O3 furceli danarTiT, m. abaSiZem, 1992w. 

teqsturi masala: saqaRalde _ ##82,83 

sainJinro daskvna, RuduSauri, 1955w; 

quTaisis Zeglebis aRwera, boWoriZe, 1934w; 

pr. dasabuTeba, lomaZe, 1954w. 

grafikuli masala 

quTaisis topogegma 

t-2 #2793, T kobaxiZe, kalkebi_69, niqabaZe, 1956w. 

K 

bagratis taZari, akvareli 

#370, n. severovi, 1938w.; 

taZris anazomebi: 

saq. _ 14, #214-215, Wrilebi samxreTis da CrdiloeTis, n. severovi, 1937w. 

VII-3, #1975-1976, v. cincaZe, 1951w.; 

#2266-2275, v. cincaZe, 1953w. 

kalkebi_69, (inaxeba v. cincaZis pirad arqivSi) 

VII-3, #7791-7792, n. zazuniSvili, 1978w. 

Kkr. 7793, n. gelaSvili, 1978w. 

Crd. minaSeni, samxreT karibWe, kroki XXI; 

Kkalkebi_69, anazomis kalkebi. 

Pproeqtebi: 

X-6, #764-765, galumovi, 1940w.; 

IX-4, #4590, (rkinis karebi), g. WeiSvili, 1955w. 

X-6, #4741-4745, v. cincaZe, 1956w; 

#4756-4761, v. cincaZe, 1956w; 

X-6, #6447, (4 kalka), lomouri, 1958w; 

X-6, #6672, v. cincaZe, 1974w; 

X-6, #7801-7802, n. zazuniSvili, 1978w. 

Crd. minaSeni, samx. Sesasvleli (kalkebi); 

X-6, #4329-4334, 4395, (Sablonebi), v. cincaZe, 1959w; 

X-6, #4869-4869 a , 4870, (Sabloni) Crd. karibWe v. cincaZe, 1965w; 

X-6, #5221, (Sablonebi) v. cincaZe, 1966w; 

X-6, #5306,5330, 5499, (Sablonebi), v. cincaZe, 1967w; 

X-6, #5500, (Sabloni) v. cincaZe, 1968w; 

X-6, #3352, (galavani) v. cincaZe, 1956w. 

inaxeba saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis 

saministrosTan arsebul sainformacio sammarTvelos arqivSi. 

taZris anazomebi: 

inaxeboda g. CubinaSvilis sax. qaruli xelovnebis istoriis institutis 

arqivSi. ganadgurda Senobis xanZris dros 1991w. 

40

fotofiqsacia 

Eermakovis koleqciidan 

#869-872; 

##46323-46338/794 

taZris saerTo xedebi da detalebi: 

##832-872/51-54, foto i. gilgendorfis _ 1939w.; 

##873-931/54, foto n. CubinaSvilis _ 1948w.; 

restavraciamde 

##10099-10135/418-419, foto bartiSevskis _ 1951w. 

restavraciis dros 

##11720-11741/466, foto bartiSevskis _ 1952w. 

##13752-13757/502, foto bartiSevskis _ 1954w. 

##12790-12793/489, foto Simanskis _ 1951w. 

##17534-17542/548, foto Simanskis _ 1956w. 

##11743-11784/467, foto v. cincaZis _ 1952w. 

##11785-11795, foto s. xandamirovis _ 1952w. 

##11796-11831, foto v. cincaZis _ 1952w. 


samxreT karibWe 







##14999-15020/517, foto g. masxaraSvili _ 1955w. 

restavraciis Semdeg 



##21186-21236/584, foto v. cincaZis _ 1960w 



##21290-21296/585, foto m. dvali _ 

##21297-21336/585, foto i. zenko _ 1966w. 

##30256-30269/671, foto i. pinaevi _ 1971w. 

##32428-32433/688, foto ir. zenko _ 1973w. 

##36169-36202/720, foto ir. zenko _ 1974w. 

##49893/818, foto g. asaTiani _ 1970w. 


##58691-58716/873, foto i. zenko _ 1985w. 

##61487-61538/891, foto i. zenko _ 1986w. 

restavraciis Semdeg 

##70937-79943/950, foto i. zenko _ 1990w. 

samreklo restavraciis Semdeg 

##64577-64584/909, foto i. zenko _ 1987w. 

samxreT karibWe 

##52771-52866/836, foto il zenko _ 1983w. 

inaxeba saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis 

saministrosTan arsebul sainformacio sammarTvelos arqivSi. 

fotoebi g. CubinaSvili, `Архитектура Кахетий ~, Tb., 1959w. 

41

i b l i o g r a f i a 

2. i. banZelaZe _ sigrZis sazomi erTeuli da nagebobis gegmis dakvalvis 

xerxebi Zvel saqarTveloSi, Tbilisis samxatvro akademiis Sromebis 

krebuli, Tb., 1988w. gv.70. 

3. v. beriZe _ gumbaTiani arqiteqturis aspeqtebi, XI-XIIIss., Tb., 1976w. 

4. g. boWoriZe _ imereTis istoriuli Zeglebi, Tb., 1995w. gv. 125. 

5. gamba, Jak fransua - mogzauroba samxreT ruseTSi, kerZod 

amierkavkasiaSi,, frang. Targmna mzia mgalobliSvilma, Tb., 1987w. gv132. 

6. g. gelaSvili - giuldenStedtis mogzauroba saqarTveloSi, t. I, Tb., 

1962, gv. 139-141. 

7. s. gorgaZe _ bagratis taZari, istoriul-arqeologiuri aRwera, tf., 

1911w. 

8. davTari quTaisis saydris gamosavali begarisa _ 1578w .aRwerilia Tu 

vis ra marTebda bagratis taZris sasargeblod. 

9. al. ievlevis 1650-1652ww. imereTis samefoSi elCobis saangariSo 

aRweriloba, rusuli teqsti da qarTuli Targmani gamosacemad 

moamzadaAiase cincaZem, Tb., 1969w. gv.136. 

10. italieli mogzaurebi saqarTveloSi - iosafa barbaro da ambrozio 

kontarini, `moambe~, 1894, #11, gv.51. 

11. krebuli _ statiebi bagratze, quTaisi: 

omar lanCava - aietidan bagratamde; 

nodar janberiZe - oSkidan bagratis taZramde; 

guram gabunia - aTasi wlis win; 

vaxtang beriZe _ bagratis taZari; 

Tamaz naTiZe - xelovnebaTmcodne vaxtang cincaZe; 

petre vaWriZe, mixeil nikoleiSvili - bagratis taZris istoriidan; 

nanuli cxvediani - bagrati da Tanamedroveoba; 

12. a. lamberti _ samegrelos aRwera, Tb., 1938w. 

13.1 o. lanCava _ arqeologiuri gaTxrebi quTaisSi, `Zeglis megobari~ 

#4, 1986w. gv. 36; 

13. o. lanCava _ uqimerionis cixe 

14. S. lomsaZe _ gviani Sua saukuneebis saqarTvelos istoriidan, 

axalcixuri qronikebi, Tb., 1973w. gv. 129. 

15. el. metreveli _ timoTe gabaSvilis mimosvla, Tb., 1956w. gv.086. 

16. h. mosuliSvili _ bagratis kompoziciis kanonzomierebani, `Zeglis 

megobari~ .#52 1979w. 

17. mosuliSvili _ qarTuli Zeglebis struqtura, Tb., 1983w. (bagratis 

taZaris proporciebi). 

18. Jurn. bagratis taZari, 1994w. #1 _ publicistur - liriuli 

statiebi bagratis taZris Sesaxeb da Senatanebis sia bagratis taZris 

fondSi. 



fondSi. 



fondSi. 

42



fondSi. 

sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqis uwmidesisa da unetaresis 

Uilia meoris sityva Tqmuli quTaisSi, bagratis taZrisa da misi 

kompleqsis aRorZinebis fondis dafuZnebisas, Ubedoba dRes _ 1994w. 15 

ianvars. 

22. v. silogava _ dasavleT saqarTvelos warwerebi, nakv.I (IX_XIIIss.) 

qarTuli lapidaruli warwerebis korpusi II, Tb., 

1980w. 

23. v. silogava _ epigrafikuli masala bagratis taZridan da misi 

midamoebis arqeologiuri gaTxrebidan, quTaisis universitetis moambe, 

1995 #4. gv.55. 

24. s. c. s. a. _ fondi 489, saqme # 3 072. 

25. qarTlis cxovreba _ t.I, Tb., 1955w., gv. 281. 

26. qarTlis cxovreba _ t. IV, Tb., 1973w. gv. 761, 854. 

27. v. cincaZe _ bagratis taZari, albomi, Tb., 1964w. ( qarTul, 

rusul da inglisur enebze, naxazebi da fotoebi). 

28. v. cincaZe _ bagratis taZari, `Zeglis megobari~ #1 1964w. 

29. v. cincaZe _ bagratis taZari quTaisSi, g. CubinaSvilis saxelobis 

qarTuli xelovnebis istoriis institutis XIX sesia, 25. 06. 1993w. 

Tezisebi. 

30. v. cincaZe _ zogierTi sakiTxi mecnieruli dacvisa (bagrati, 

Telovani, kabeni), g. CubinaSvilis saxelobis qarTuli xelovnebis 

istoriis institutis VII sesia, 15. 06. 1953w. Tezisebi. 

31. v. cincaZe _ quTaisis Zveli qalaqi da bagratis taZari, Zveli 

qarTuli arqiteqtura, samxatvro akademiis Sromebis krebuli, 1985w. 

31.1 v. cincaZe _ quTaisis Zveli qalaqis SesawavlisaTvis, `Zeglis 

megobari~ 1986w. #4, gv. 42 ; 

32. `Zveli saqarTvelo~ _ t. IV, tf., 1914 - 1915ww. ganyof. III, gv. 1-72. 

33. a. SaniZe _ qarTuli orTografiis istoriidan, `droSa~, 10, 1967. gv. 15. 

34. d. CakvetaZe _ Zegli uqimerionze, Tb., 1954, gv. 17,28. 

35. g. CubinaSvili _ qarTuli xuroTmoZRvreba saSualo saukuneebSi da 

misi sami mTavari kaTedrali, iv. javaxiSvilisadmi miZRvnili krebuli 

àrili~, 1925w. gv. 107-126. 

36. iv. javaxiSvili _ Jurnali `promeTe~ 1918w. #1.GG 

37. M. Brosset - Rapports sur un voyage archeologique...XII, SPB., 1851, p.55. 

38. J. F. Gamba - Voyage dans la Russie meridionale fait depuis 1820 gusquen 1824 fait par 

le chevalier Gamba. wigns darTuli aqvs 1824w. taZris Canaxati. 

39. F. Dubois de montpereux - Voyage autcur du Caucase..., t.I, Paris, 1839, p.418. 

40. F. Dubois de montpereux - Atlas, serie dàrchitectur, ou IIIe serie, Neuchatel en Suisse, 

1840, tab. XII _ XVII. 

41. Ф. Дюбуа де Монпере - Путешествие вкруг Кавказа, I, пер. сфранц. Н. А. Данкевич- 

Пущиной, c. 5. 

42. А. Муравьев - Грузия и Армения, ч. 3. СПБ., 1848, с. 129. 

43. А. Павлинов - Кутаиский собор, "Материалы по Археологии Кавказа", III, М. 

1893г.стр.30. 

44. М. Полиевктов - Посольство стольника Толчанова и дьяка Иевлева в Имеретию 

1650-1652, Тб., 1926, стр. 151. 

45. Н. Северов - Опит реконструкции Кутаиского храма Баграта, `qarTuli 

xelovneba~ #5. 1955w. gv. 91.П 

43

46. М. Селезнёв - Руководство к познанию Кавказа, кн. 2, СПБ., 1847, с.72-74. 

47. В. Цинцадзе - Краткий отчот по консервации храма баграта, `qarTuli 

xelovneba~ #5. 1955w. gv. 111. 

48. В. Цинцадзе 

Р. Меписашвили - Кутаиси, Гелати, Гегути, Тб., 1977. 

49. А. Хаханов - Сванские рукописные Евангелия, МАК,ЧIX, 1904, c. 32. 

50. Г. Чубинашвили - Грузинская средневековая архитектура и три ее величайщих 

кафедрала , "Вопросы истории искусства", т. I . Тб., 1970. 

51. Г. Чубинашвили - Из историй средневекового искусства Грузий, М., 1990, gv. 34. 

52. А. Шанидзе - Новооткрытый алфавит кавказских албанцев , ènimkis moambe~, IV, 

1938, gv.24. 

xelovnebaTmcodne _ gia WaniSvili 

30.09.08 

44

bagratis taZari saxelovnebaTmcodneo kvlevis ... - Ancient Georgia

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