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y o u t h X c h a n g e Putting priorities into perspective… MDGs: what we should achieve… (by 2015) US$* (billion) ... compared to what we are spending now for: US$ (billion) where year 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger TARGET 1: reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day 54/62 military equipment & services 1,001 worldwide 2005 TARGET 2: reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger halving the proportion of child malnutrition 29.6 pet food & pet care products 37 North America 2006 2. Achieve universal primary education TARGET 3: ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling 11 alcoholic drinks 56 UK 2004 3. Promote gender equality and empower women TARGET 4: eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015 0.4/0.6 cosmetic surgery 8.5 USA 2004 4. Reduce child mortality TARGET 5: reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five extending the coverage of maternal and newborn care 6.1 ice cream & frozen desserts 36.6 USA 2004 child and maternal immunisation in the poorest countries 3.5 baby clothing & footwear 16.8 USA 2005 5. Improve maternal health TARGET 6: reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio providing universal access to sexual and reproductive health services 23 cosmetics & toiletries 48.2 Western Europe 2005 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases TARGET 7: halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS 22.1 weight-loss products 49.2 Europe 2004 TARGET 8: halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases 3.2 cut flowers 40 worldwide 2005 7. Ensure environmental sustainability TARGET 9: integrate the principles of sustainable development into national policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources funding protected areas (PA) for biodiversity conservation 12/13 sea cruises 28.3 USA and Europe 2005 TARGET 10: halving the proportion of people without sustainable access to drinking water 10 bottled water 100 worldwide 2006 TARGET 11: improving lives of 100 million slum dwellers 20 jewellery & watches 59.4 USA 2005 8. Develop a global partnership for development TARGET 12: develop more fully an open trading and financial system that is rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory, including a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction - nationally and internationally 10.2 online gambling 12 worldwide 2005 18 TARGET 13: address the least developed countries’ special needs. This includes tariff- and quota-free access for their exports; enhanced debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries; cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous official development assistance for countries committed to poverty reduction TARGET 14: address the special needs of landlocked and small island developing States -80 9.9 farm subsidies personal travel & tourism 321 348 USA, EU, Japan Europe 2004 2005 TARGET 15: deal comprehensively with developing countries’ debt problems through national and international measures to make debt sustainable in the long term implementing the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative 63.2 advertising 451 worldwide 2007 TARGET 16: In cooperation with the developing countries, develop decent and productive work for youth no data video games 23 worldwide 2006 TARGET 17: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide affordable access to essential drugs in developing countries no data illicit drugs 322 worldwide 2005 TARGET 18: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies- especially information and communications technologies improving mobile phone infrastructure in developing countries 56 digital consumer electronics 167 worldwide 2006 * Estimated needed funds per annum. MDGs’ estimated budgets calculations are still controversial. The figures mentioned in this table were extracted from official statistics (see Sources, p. 82-83) but have no scientific ambition. The table simply aims at visualising the imbalances reported in this chapter higlighting some paradoxal comparisons between spending areas. The table does not make any value judgement and nor intends to suggest shifting of funds from one area to another. The research work was carried out between January and March 2007.
y o u t h X c h a n g e 19 Pag-aalaga “No issue is more compelling than the air we breathe, be it hot or cold, be it hawk or human.” [Jack Nicholson, actor] Ang kalusugan ay kayamanan, ayon sa matandang kasabihan. Patuloy na dumarami ang mga taong pumipili ng malusog na uri ng pamumuhay. Ang paniniguro sa kalusugan ay paniniguro rin para sa isang malusog na planeta. Ang pagbabago sa ating pamumuhay ay kapakinabangan din ng ating planeta. Ang pagkain ay mahalagang salik sa kalusugan. Sa ngayon, may mga taong pumipili ng mga produktong pagkain na masustansya subalit nalikha sa paraang mas kaunti ang naidudulot na pinsala sa kapaligiran at hindi malupit sa mga hayop. Gayundin, marami rin ang nais ng mga pagkaing ligtas at walang mga di-inaasahanang pinsala. Ilang krisis na kaugnay ang pagkain – mad cow disease (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy o BSE), foot and mouth, dioxin sa manok – ang nagtutulak sa maraming mamimili na piliin ang mas sustenable at sertipikadong mapagpipilian (pagkaing organiko at GMO free). Ang mga mamimili sa mauunlad na bansa ay nagsisimula na ring sumuporta ng mga establisyamentong umiiwas sa pagkasayang ng pagkain. Sila rin ay humihingi ng mas maraming impormasyon ukol sa kung anong kanilang mapipili sa mga supermarket – gaya ng mayroon kayang GMO ang delatang ito ng tomato sauce? May hormone kayang nagpalaki sa hayop na pinanggalingan nitong karne? Ang mga ito’y nagpapakita ng konsepto ng mapagpipilian: may ibang walang pakialam kung may GMO sa kanilang kinakain, ngunit ang mas mahalaga’y may sapat na impormasyon ang naihahatid upang ang mga mamimili’y makapili. Isaw. Ito ang bituka ng manok o baboy na iniihaw at binebenta bilang streetfood sa Pilipinas, maaring kasama ng sikat na fishball at kwekkwek at sinasawsaw sa suka o matamis na sarsa. Dahil mura, kinagigiliwan itong kainin hindi lang ng mga bata, kung hindi maging ng mga matatanda. Ngunit may ilang pag-aaral na rin ang nagpapatunay sa masamang epekto nito sa ating kalusugan. Ang isaw na sana’y pantawid gutom sa nakakarami ay maaring pagmulan ng kanser at iba pang sakit. May mainit na debate tungkol sa GMO. Upang higit na maliwanagan tungkol dito, pumunta sa www.foodbiotech.org Itinatag ng Don Bosco Foundation for Sustainable Development, Inc. ang Bios Dynamis Health Food Center sa Davao City. Ito ang kaunaunahang tindahan ng mga organikong pagkain sa nasabing syudad. Ang mga produkto sa nasabing Center ay 100% ligtas sa kemikal, bukod pa rito tinutulugan ng Don Bosco ang mga magsasaka. Taliwas sa karaniwang paniniwala na ang mga organikong pagkain ay mahal, mabibili sa Center ang mga pagkain sa murang halaga. (Mula sa artikulo ni Jeffrey Tupas ng INQUIRER MINDANAO na pinamagatang “Putting money where the conscience, “ Hulyo 15, 2007) Nutrition, health & beauty are the three pillars of ‘Respecting our bodies’, the first thematic room of the YXC website. A lot of disparities still exist around the globe concerning access to food and health care. We live in a world of strong contrasts! That’s why the Facts & figures section put together [hunger] and [globesity], [organic food] and [harmful eating], [meat production] and [clean water], food wastage [how much is www... youthxchange.net thrown away?] and [food miles], [indoor pollution] and [acid rain]... they are all interconnected issues! The world is complex but there are simple ways to start changing it! Have a look at the dep’t store to discover organic food & drink products - [organic ice cream], [soul food], an alternative to junk take-away food [Indian lunch box], and much more...
Page 1 and 2: y o u t h X c h a n g e 1 www.youth
Page 3 and 4: y o u t h X c h a n g e 3 w w w . y
Page 5 and 6: y o u t h X c h a n g e 5 ng ekonom
Page 7 and 8: y o u t h X c h a n g e 7 06 Ang YX
Page 9 and 10: y o u t h X c h a n g e 9 Idiniseny
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Page 17: y o u t h X c h a n g e 17 Sa kabil
Page 21 and 22: y o u t h X c h a n g e 21 Hakbang
Page 23 and 24: Paglalakbay “It is transport that
Page 25 and 26: y o u t h X c h a n g e 25 Madali n
Page 27 and 28: y o u t h X c h a n g e 27 Sa mga l
Page 29 and 30: y o u t h X c h a n g e 29 Pagbabaw
Page 31 and 32: y o u t h X c h a n g e 31 Ang mabi
Page 33 and 34: y o u t h X c h a n g e 33 Isa pa s
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Page 39 and 40: y o u t h X c h a n g e 39 malawaka
Page 41 and 42: y o u t h X c h a n g e 41 Magtipid
Page 43 and 44: y o u t h X c h a n g e 43 Araw-ara
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Page 49 and 50: y o u t h X c h a n g e 49 Ha
Page 51 and 52: y o u t h X c h a n g e 51 sa mga m
Page 53 and 54: y o u t h X c h a n g e 53 sumasapa
Page 55 and 56: y o u t h X c h a n g e 55 Cool at
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Page 59 and 60: y o u t h X c h a n g e 59 Campaign
Page 61 and 62: y o u t h X c h a n g e 61 Sa pareh
Page 63 and 64: y o u t h X c h a n g e 63 Umaksyon
Page 65 and 66: y o u t h X c h a n g e 65 Pamumuhu
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 69 TELEBISY
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y o u t h X c h a n g e Ang YXC Web
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 73 upang ma
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 75 UTILITI
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 77 ULAT PAN
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... compared to what we are spendin
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Some of our External Activities 1.
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 83 Notes Ti
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y o u t h X c h a n g e 85
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