r*Fvm{nfhcHyGJaus;Zl;wifvTm - Myanmar Archives
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r*Fvm{nfhcHyGJaus;Zl;wifvTm - Myanmar Archives

r*Fvm{nfhcHyGJaus;Zl;wifvTm - Myanmar Archives

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1374 ckESpf? e,kefvjynfUausmf 1 &uf? t*Fgaeh? (5-6-2012) (7142)<br />

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NMMN<br />

✰ jynfaxmifpk rNydKuGJa&;??<br />

✰ wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDñGwfrI rNydKuGJa&;??<br />

✰ tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwH h cdkifNrJa&;??<br />

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jrefrmEdkifiH\ ynma&;? pD;yGm;a&;zGH Y NzdK;wkd;wufvm&ef<br />

rnfokdhrnfyHk yHUydk;ulnDEdkifrnfUtajctaersm; aqG;aEG;<br />

jynfolYvTwfawmf'kwd,Ouú| jynfolYvTwfawmf'kwd,Ouú| OD;eEáusmfpGmtm; OD;eEáusmfpGmtm; NAdwdefEkdifiH NAdwdefEkdifiH txufvTwfawmftrwf txufvTwfawmftrwf Lord Powell aejynfawmf&Sd aejynfawmf&Sd vTwfawmf<br />

vTwfawmf<br />

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(owif;pOf)<br />

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NAdwdefEdkifiH<br />

txufvTwfawmftrwf txufvTwfawmftrwf Lord Powell onf onf ,aeY ,aeY ,aeY eHeuf eHeuf 11<br />

11<br />

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nDvmcHrsm; usif;yjcif;? aphpyfn§dEIdif;jcif;ynm? EkdifiHwumOya'? tjynfjynf<br />

qkdif&m pD;yGm;qufqHa&;? EkdifiHwum vlrIqufqHa&;eDwd? oHwrefpmESifh ½Hk;pmrsm;<br />

a&;om;jcif;? qufoG,fajymqkdrIynmwkdYukd ykdYcsoGm;rnfjzpfonf/<br />

tqkdyg oifwef;okdY oifwef;om; oifwef;ol 194 OD; wufa&mufMuNyD;<br />

oifwef;umvrSm &ufowå 12 ywfMumjrifhrnfjzpfonf/<br />

(owif;pOf)<br />

,aeh zwfp&m rSwfp&m<br />

uGrf;pm;olrsm;<br />

aMu;rHkowif;pm aMu;rHkowif;pm aMu;rHkowif;pm pmrsufESm pmrsufESm 7<br />

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vGefcJhaomESpf av;ig;q,fu owif;axmufwpfOD;tjzpf r[m&efukef<br />

ae&mtESHY a&mufygonf/ pnfyifom,m½Hk;? NrdKUe,faumifpD½Hk;? w&m;½Hk;<br />

toD;oD;wdkYukdvnf; a&mufygonf/ xkd½Hk;ae&mrsm;ü vufzuf&nfqkdif?<br />

pm;aomufqkdifuav;rsm;om &Sdygonf/<br />

,cktcgrSmawmh uGrf;,mqkdiftawmfrsm;rsm; ae&m,lvmygNyD/<br />

½Hk;wpf½Hk;teD; vrf;ab;uGrf;,mqkdif oHk;av;qkdif&Sdaeonf/ vlrsm;pGm<br />

uGrf;pm;aeMuNyD/ uGrf;pm;rS acwfrDonf qdk&avrvm;? wcsKdUvli,f<br />

uav;rsm; oGm;awGrnf;? EIwfcrf;awGzl;a&mifaeonfrSm tvGeft½kyfqdk;<br />

tusnf;wefvSonf/<br />

uGrf;pm;jcif;onf tpmtdrfa&m*g? cHwGif;uifqma&m*g jzpfvG,fonf<br />

[k q&m0efrsm;u owday;Muyg\/ odkYaomf rqifjcifMuyg/ udk,fhusef;rma&;<br />

udk,f *½krpkdufwm &Sdapawmh/<br />

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awGa&SUrSm? avSum;awGaxmifhrSm uGrf;wHawG;awG jrifraumif;yg/ bk&m;<br />

ausmif;uefay:rSmvnf; uGrf;wHawG;jzifh t½kyfqkd;vSonf/<br />

tdE´d,jynf umvuwåm;NrdKU&Sd oHrPdwHwm;BuD;wpfckwGif oHrPdaygif<br />

axmifhwpfae&mrSm uGrf;wHawG;'PfaMumifh ysufpD;aeyHkudk owif;wpfyk'frSm<br />

zwfvkduf&onf/ xkdae&mudk uGrf;wHawG; raxG;&ef um&efNyD; pmuyfxm;&<br />

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pepfwusMuyfrwfNyD; t&uf,rumypönf;rsm;ozG,f tcGeftcaumufcHvQif<br />

aumif;avrvm; pOf;pm;rdonf/<br />

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awGrSm uGrf;wHawG;awG ae&m,laeonfrSm jrifraumif;yg/ pkaygif;wm;qD;<br />

MuzdkY vdkygonf/<br />

wm;qD;r&Ekdifaom ivsifab;twGuf<br />

BudKwifjyifqifjcif;jzif h qkH;½IH;rIrS avsmhyg;apEkdif<br />

ykvJoG,f<br />

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&efukef &efukef ZGef ZGef 4<br />

4<br />

obm0ab;tEÅ&m,fwpfckjzpfaom ajrivsifvIyf&Sm;rItwGuf BudKwif<br />

jyifqifjcif;jzifh ysufpD;qkH;½IH;rIrS avsmhyg;apEkdifrSmjzpfaMumif; ZGef 2 &ufu<br />

usif;yonfh jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ivsiftEÅ&m,favQmhcsa&;? obm0ab;tEÅ&m,f<br />

avQmhcsa&;? umuG,fa&;ESifh jyefvnfxlaxmifa&;vkyfief;tawGUtBuHK ESD;aESm<br />

zvS,fyGJrS od&onf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ivsiftEÅ&m,favQmhcs&ef OD;wnfcsufjzifh<br />

1959 ckESpfrSpí blrdodyÜHynm&Sifrsm;u jrefrmEkdifiHtwGuf ivsifZkefajrykH<br />

ysOf;rem; ysOf;rem; ZGef ZGef 4 4<br />

4<br />

(Seismic Zone Map) ig;rsKd; &efukefa'oESifh ivsifab;tEÅ&m,fykdrsm;aom<br />

aejynfawmfaumifpDe,fajrtwGif; NrdKUjya'oBuD;okH;cktwGuf tEkpdwfivsifZkefajrykHrsm;(Seismic microzone maps)<br />

&Sd NrdKUe,f &SpfNrdKUe,fwGif ykvJoG,f<br />

pyfrsKd;pyg; aEGpyg;pkduf{u 2356 {u<br />

pkdufysKd;cJh&m xGuf&Sdvmonfh tqkdyg<br />

pyg;rsm;ukd a&T[oFmukrÜPDu arv<br />

18 &ufaeYrS pí wif; 100 vQif<br />

av;odef;EIef;jzifh 0,f,lvsuf&SdaMumif;<br />

od&onf/(0JyHk) (0JyHk) (586)<br />

ukd acwftqufqufwGif avhvmazmfxkwf a&;qGJcJhMuum &Sif;vif;azmfjycsuf<br />

rsm;ukdyg a&;om;í oufqkdif&mrsm;xHokdY jzefYa0cJhMuonf/,if;ajrykHrsm;ESifhyl;wGJ<br />

í &Sif;vif;a&;om;azmfjycsufrsm;onf aqmufvkyfa&;ESifh tBuD;pm;aqmufvkyf<br />

a&;pDrHudef;rsm;twGuf txkduftavsmuf tusKd;&SdapcJhaMumif; jrefrmEkdifiH<br />

ajrivsifaumfrwD\ em,uvnf;jzpfol jrefrmEkdifiHblrdodyÜHtoif;rS a'gufwm<br />

OD;odef;xHrS od&Sd&onf/<br />

jrefrmEkdifiHtwGuf jyif;xeftm;trsm;qkH;[k owfrSwfxm;aom ivsifZkef<br />

rSm ysufpD;rIrsm;Zkef (Destructive zone) jzpfEkdifaom tjrifhqkH;wefzkd;rsm;<br />

0.4-0.5g jzpfí ¤if;onf a,bk,stm;jzifh rmu,fvDpau; twef; (9)ESifh<br />

ruúmtkdNrdKU&Sd aumhwkdift&Dem*Dw<br />

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azsmfajzyGJcef;rwGif ukd&D;,m;ayghyf*Dw<br />

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aemufqkH;azmfjyxm;aom a'oESpfckwGif ivsifjyif;xeftm; rsm;Ekdifaomfvnf;<br />

jzpfonf/ ,if;cef;rwGif ,cifu<br />

urÇmausmf tqkdawmfrsm;jzpfMuonfh<br />

av'D*g*g? bD,Gefap;? vif;uif;yghcf?<br />

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jzpfonf/<br />

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ivsifab;tEÅ&m,frSm tv,ftvwfomjzpfaMumif;? þodkY jzpf&jcif;rSm<br />

,if;a'orsm;wGif NrdKUBuD;jyBuD;rsm; r&SdbJ vlaexkdifrIenf;ygjcif;aMumihfvnf;<br />

jzpfaMumif;? ivsifZkef (4) (jyif;xefZkef-jzpfEkdifaom tjrifhqkH;wefzkd;rsm; 0.3-<br />

0.4g)wGif usa&mufonfh NrdKUBuD;rsm;rSm awmifil? awmifwGif;BuD;? yk*H-anmifOD;?<br />

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uGrf;vkHwkdYjzpfMuaMumif; od&onf/<br />

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ivsifab;tEÅ&m,favQmhcsa&;twGuf t"duvkyfaqmif<br />

oifhaom enf;vrf;rsm;? vkyfief;rsm;ESihf ywfowfí ivsifrvIyfrDESihf ivsifvIyfNyD;<br />

aemuf vkyfaqmif&rnfhvkyfief;rsm;? ivsifvIyfaepOf? ivsifvIyfNyD; tcsdefrsm;<br />

wGif aqmif&efa&Smif&ef tcsufrsm;udkvnf; ynm&Sifrsm;u azmfxkwftBuHjyK<br />

xm;NyD;jzpfaomaMumihf ,if;tcsufrsm;ukd BudKwifavhvmod&Sdxm;Mu&ef<br />

vkdtyfjcif;vnf;jzpfonf/ tqkdygajrivsifESifh ywfoufí enf;vrf;aygif;pkHrS<br />

avhvm? prf;oyf? BudK;pm;vkyfaqmifaevsuf&Sdaomfvnf; odyÜHESihf enf;ynm<br />

t"duacgif;aqmif yg0ifvIyf&Sm;xm;<br />

onfh The King 2 Hearts ½kyfoH<br />

wGif tjrihfqHk;aps;jzihf a&mif;csEkdifcJh<br />

ouJhodkY *syefEdkifiHodkYvnf; a&mif;cs<br />

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Zmwfvrf;wGJrSm jynfy½kyfoHvdkif;<br />

trsm;tjym;\ pdwf0ifpm;jcif;jzihf<br />

atmifjrifrI&vsuf&Sdonf/<br />

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a[mifaumifESihf *syefEkdifiHwkdYwGif<br />

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usif;ycJhonfh a[mifaumifEkdifiHwum<br />

½kyf&SifyGJawmfESihf ½kyfoHvdkif;aps;uGuf<br />

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vDaqmif*sDESihf [m*sD0ef(0JyHk) (0JyHk) (0JyHk)wdkY (0JyHk)<br />

o½kyfaqmifxm;onfh tqkdyg<br />

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olESihf awmifudk&D;,m;EkdifiHom;wdkY\<br />

cspfZmwfvrf;udk yHkazmf½dkuful;wifjy<br />

xm;jcif;jzpfonf/<br />

tifwmeu tifwmeu tifwmeuf/ tifwmeu tifwmeuf/f/<br />

f/ f/<br />

jzpfaomaMumihf ivsifab;tEÅ&m,f avQmhcsvkyfaqmif&eftwGuf enf;vrf;rsm;<br />

&Smjcif;jzifhom vufawGUusaMumif; ,if;yk*¾Kdvfu qkdonf/<br />

ab;'ku©twGuf pDrHaqmif&Gufa&;vkyfief;pOfwGif ab;'ku©wpfck<br />

usa&mufvmaomtcg (1)wHkYjyefrIESihf u,fq,frI (response and relief )?<br />

(2) a&&SnfjyefvnfxlaxmifrI (rehabilitation and recovery)? (3) ab;<br />

tEÅ&m,favQmhcsa&; BudKwifvkyfaqmifrI (mitigation)? (4) BudKwifjyifqif<br />

aqmif&Gufxm;rI (preparedness) [laom t"du tykdif;av;ykdif;yg0ifNyD;<br />

tykdif;(3) trSwf(1)ESihf (2)onf ]]ukorI}} tykdif;jzpfí tykdif;trSwf(3)ESihf<br />

(4)wkdYonf ]] BudKwifumuG,frI}} tykdif;jzpfaMumif;? ]] BudKwifumuG,fjcif;onf<br />

ukojcif;xufykdaumif;\}} (Prevention is better than cure.) [laom qkd½kd;<br />

pum;ESifhtnD tjcm;ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;ukd avQmhcsa&;rSmuJhokdYyif ivsifab;<br />

wGif The King 2 Hearts ½kyfoHZmwf<br />

vrf;wGJrSm ½kyfoHvdkif;trsm;tjym;\<br />

pdwf0ifpm;rIudk&&SdcJhaMumif;? a[mifaumif<br />

at0rf;pkd;<br />

tEÅ&m,favQmhcsa&;wGifvnf; BudKwifumuG,fvkyfaqmifa&;tykdif;onf ykdrkd<br />

aumif;rGefxda&mufNyD; tav;xm;vkyfaqmifjcif;rsm;jzihf tem*wfivsif<br />

rsm;aMumihf ysufpD;qkH;½IH;EkdifrIrsm;twGuf avsmhyg;oufomaprnfjzpfaMumif;<br />

a&;om;wifjyvkduf&ygonf/ (xufckdif-prf;acsmif;)<br />

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aMu;rkHowif;pm aMu;rkHowif;pm pmrsufESm pmrsufESm pmrsufESm 8<br />

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EkdifiHawmfeJY jynfolvlxk? txl;ojzifh uRefawmfwkdYEkdifiH&JU wpfacwfrSm<br />

wpfa,muf ay:xGef;cJvSwJh arQmfvifhcsuf acgif;aqmifESpfOD;wkdYeJY ywfoufNyD;<br />

uRefawmfh&ifxJu ppfrSefwJhapwem? ckdifrmwJh opömw&m;wkdYaMumifh a&;om;<br />

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jynfolYvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,f? trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJUcsKyf Ouú|<br />

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vGefr,frxifygbl;/<br />

uRefawmfwkdYvkd jynfyEkdifiHawGukd a&muf&SdaewJh jrefrmEkdifiHom;awG<br />

twGufvnf; pdwf0ifpm;p&mjzpfygw,f/ or®w OD;odef;pdefa&m?<br />

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w,f/ aemufwpfcsufuawmh a':atmifqef;pkMunf[m 1988 ckESpfu<br />

jrefrmEkdifiH jyefa&mufoGm;NyD;aemufykdif; wpfcgrQ jynfyxGufcGmcJhwm r[kwfwJh<br />

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Mum;od&ygw,f/ State Department u uRefawmfh todrdwfaqGwpfOD;u<br />

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