Bhartiya Shitya - Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak

86 Hkkjrh; lkfgR;;q)&iwoZ (1934-35) ds e/; dsoy ,d ukVd feyrk gS vkSj og gS ;ksxs'kpUnz pkS/kqjh Ñr^lhrk* (1934)A;q)ksÙkjdky esa ukVd fy[ks gh ugha x;sA2. egkHkkjr dh dFkk ij vk/k r% lu~ 1850-1900 bZ0 ds e/; egkHkkjr dh dFkk dks vkèkkjcukdj cgqr ls ukVd fy[ks x;sA m"kk vkSj vfu#) ds izse dks ysdj ef.keksgu ljdkjus ^m"kkfu#)* (1863), txUukFkizlkn ca|ksik/;k; us ^m"kkgj.k* (1875), jk/kkukFk fe=k us^m"kkgj.k* (1880) fy[kkA vfHkeU;q ds pfj=k dks ysdj fxjh'kpanz ?kks"k us 1881 esa^vfHkeU;q o/k* uked nq%[kkUr ukVd dh jpuk dhA nqxkZnkl dj dk Lo.kZJa[ky (1863),jkeukjk;.k rdZjRu dk os.khlagkj (1856), uxsUnzukFk ?kks"k dk ^foeqDr os.khca/ku* (1882),gjyky jk; dk 'k=kqlagkj (1874), }kjdkukFk ljdkj dk lSja/kzh 1875), fcgkjhykypêksik/;k; dk ^nzksinhj Lo;aoj* (1884) vkfn ukVd nzkSinh ds pfj=k ij vk/kkfjr gSaAd.kZ ds pfj=k ij gfjin pêksik/;k; us ^nkrk d.kZ* (1890) fy[kkA oHkqzokgu }kjk vtqZuds ijkt; dks ysdj ^ikFkZijkt;* (1881, eueksgu clq) vkSj ^oHkzqokgu* (1900, {khjksnizlknfo|kfouksn) uked ukVd fy[ks x;sA ikaMoksa ds vKkrokl ij HkksykukFk eq[kksik/;k; us^ikaMosj vKkrokl* (1875), vtqZu }kjk Dyho thou&;kiu ij enueksgu fe=k us^c gUuyk* (1874), dhpd&o/k dFkk ij ;knopanz fo|kyadkj us ^dhpd&o/k* (1868)fy[kkA dq#{ks=k dh fofHkUu ?kVukvksa ij fy[ks x;s ukVdksa esa dkSjo fo;ksx (1858, gjpanz?kks"k); t;nzFk o/k (1864, gfj'pUnz fe=k); /kuat; fot; (1872, rkjkukFk rdZokpLifr);dq#{ks=kksik[;ku (1875, ';kekpj.knkl); Hkh"esj 'kj'k¸;k (1885, vrqyÑ".k fe=k); ikaModkSjo (1900, fxjh'k ?kks"k) vkfn mYys[kuh; gSaA ikaMoksa ds oa'kt ijhf{kr dh dFkk ijfcgkjhyky pêksik/;k; us ^ijhf{krsj czã'kki* (1882) uked ukVd fy[kkA;nqoa'k ds fouk'k dh dgkuh dks ysdj jktÑ".kjk; us viuk ^;nq/oa'k* uked caxykukVd fy[kkA Ñ".k dks ysdj Hkh caxyk esa dbZ ukVd fy[ks x;s ftuesa ls dqN rks Ñ".kds ckY;thou ls lacaf/kr gSa] dqN mudh ;qokoLFkk ls lacaf/kr vkSj dqN mudh HkfDr lslacaf/krA caxyk ds vf/kdka'k ukVd Ñ".k dh ckyyhyk vFkok jklyhyk ij vk/kkfjr gSaA#fDe.kh ds dFkkud ij vk/kkfjr nks ukVd gSa& 1. jkeukjk;.k rdZjRu dk ^#fDe.khgj.k* (1871); 2. jk[kynkl Hkêkpk;Z dk ^#fDe.kh jax* (1887)A vrqyÑ".k jk; us m)odFkk ij ^m)o laokn* rFkk vØwj dFkk ij ^vØwj laokn* (1873) fy[kkA lu~ 1875 esajkeukjk;.k rdZjRu us ^dalo/k* uked ukVd fy[kkA panzkoyh ds Ñ".k&izse ij vk/kkfjr^pankoyh* (1890) uked jktÑ".kjk; dk xhfr&ukV~; gS] tks panzkoyh dh eku fo"k;d,d gkL;&jpuk gSA Ñ".k dFkkUrxZr ^izHkkl feyu* dks ysdj caxyk esa dbZ ukVd fy[ksx;sA uxsUnzukFk ca|ksik/;k; us 1870, fxjh'kpanz ?kks"k (1878), fcgkjhyky pêksik/;k; us1887 rFkk dkyhÑ".k eq[kthZ us 1900 esa ^izHkkl feyu* fy[kkA Ñ".k tUeksRlo ijvkèkkfjr fxjh'kpanz Ñr uan nqyky (1900), vrqyÑ".k fe=k Ñr uanfonk; (1888) gSaAcaxyk esa JhÑ".k dh cky&yhykvksa ij vk/k r ukVdksa dh la[;k lokZf/kd gS] ftuesa lsizeq[k nksyyhyk ( fxjh'kpUnz ?kks"k] 1878); 'kjn izfrek ( enueksgu fe=k] 1878); Ñ".kyhyk ( dqatfcgkjh clq] 1884); ;qxy feyu (=kSyksD;ukFk] 1886); cuyhyk (I;kjheksgupkS/kqjh] 1888); jklyhyk (eueksgu clq] 1889); yhyk (v?kksjukFk ikBd] 1891); ;ksxs'k(lqjsUnzukFk ca|ksik/;k;] 1891); izsektfy ({khjksnizlkn fo|kfouksn] 1896); Qwy'k¸;k({khjksnizlkn fo|kfouksn] 1894); feyu] gfj vUos"k.k (fcgkjhyky pêksik/;k;] 1894);