XVIII yüzillik – XIX yüzilliyin əvvəllərində Osmanlı-Azərbaycan ...

1747-1767 characterized by improvement and development of political, economic and culturalrelations between Azerbaijan khanates and Ottoman Empire. From 1768 these relations rose up to a newand higher stage. For Ottoman Empire which suffered a defeat in the war with Russia (1768-1774) andhad lost Krimea and the South of Caucasus was especially important. Ottoman ruling circles began tostregthen their attention to this region, first of all to Azerbaijan. At the same time in the conditions ofapproaching danger from Russia, many of Azerbaijan khanates also pined their hope on Ottoman Empire.Especially the former leaders of Shamakhy, Muhammed Said and Agasy khans brothers who werebanished from Shamakhy by Fataly Khan of Guba wanted the help. The entering of Rusian miitarytroops to the Derbend in1775 under the command of De Medem, who was hiding behind the request ofFatali Khan to help caused the indignation of Ottoman authorities. Ottoman government made an oficialinguuiry the causes of arrival of Russian troop to Derbend. İn order to avoid the worsening of relationswith the Ottoman Empire Russian empress Katherine the II ordered to withdraw Russian troop fromDerbend.Together with this in the middle of 70-ies khans of Sheki and Hoy worried by the strengthening ofagressive aspirations of İrakliy the II, and they were striving for reconciliation with the Ottoman Empire.They considered that it was necessary to unite with the forces of Ottoman Empire for resisting the attackof Georgian tsar. İn the relationships between the Azerbaijan and the Ottoman Empire quite significantwas the role of rulers of frontier districts in Ottoman Empire, first of all the role of «vali» (deeputy) ofChildir district Suleyman Pasha.But in the middle of 70-ies in XVIII century was emerged the worsening of relations between theOttoman Empire and the deputy ruler of Central İran Kerim Khan Zend. İt developed into the militaryconflict and in 1776 Kerim Khan even occupied Basra. Some courtiers of the Ottoman Empire suggestedto send the army to the Azerbaijan in order to frighten Kerim Khan. But the conflict was solved in peacefulway.İn the period after the war Ottoman Empire, having no desire to be blamed in violating the peacetreaty with Russia could not help the Azerbaijan khans. Together with this trying to preserve good relationshipswith Azerbaijan khans, Ottoman government made efforts to eliminate wars between thesekhanates in order not to allow Russia and Georgia to use these wars for their own benefit. So in 1779having got the information about the preparations of Fataly Khan Gubinsky, Yusein Khan Shekinsky andsome rulers of South Dagestan, were going to take the offensive against Garabakh khanate. But sultandemanded the above mentioned khans to stop the campaign (by special decree). Also the news about thesending by Russian government the military squadron to the Southern and Southeastern Caspian coasts inJune of 1781 made Ottoman government anxious. At the same time Armenians, who were trying with thehelp of Russia to create their own state on the territory of Garabakh, activated. İn such a difficult situationmany Azerbaijan khans again pined their hopes on Turkey.But the weakened Ottoman Empire did not want a new war with Russia and that is why tried to opposeand stop the agressiveness of its enemies by peaceful way, by sending money and presents.At the same time in 1783 Russia took the Kartly-Kakhet tsardom under its protection and then Ottomangovernment summoned all the Azerbaijan and Dagestan feudals to unite with the aim of suspendingthe advances of Russia to Turkish side and to South Caucasus.İn autumn of 1783 from Turkey to Azerbaijan was sent the embassy headed by Khalil efendy, whohad to create the alliance of Ottoman Empire with Azerbaijan Khans and Dagestan rules. The place ofmeetings had to be the city Shusha. According to manuscripts to the Yanuary of 1784 in Shusha had beengathered about 8 thousand warriers. But in the result of Russian countermeasures the united campaign ofAzerbaijan and Dagestan rules to Georgia reversed.İn this period Ottoman government payed a great attention to the İrevan fortress, which had a strategicsignificanse. Owing to the support of Ottoman authorities Qulam Ali khan of İrevan refused to paytribute to İrakliy the II. However Turkey did not manage to strengthen its positions in İrevan khanate. İnthe result of intrigues of İrakliy the II Qulam Ali khan was killed and the power was given to this brotherin law Muhammed, whose mother was from Georgia. İn the foreign policy the new khan orientated towardsboth, Ottoman Empire and Georgia.The mission of Khalil efendy was successful to some extent: some Azerbaijan khans, among themFataly khan Qubinsky asked Ottoman Empire for help. Fataly khan Qubinsky was preparing a campaignto the South Azerbaijan and also was in desperate need of Ottomans’ help. But because of the sharp reac-169