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groups known under the Tibetan name Ganjur and Tanjur. The translation of
Ganjur and Tanjur was completed and they were fully published on wood blocks
in 17-18 th centuries.
Mongolian Ganjur is a collection of about 1200 Indian Buddhist works
consisting of 108 mammoth volumes and Tanjur is a collection of 3000 items of
commentarian literature constituting 226 volumes of an enormous size. Among
these works there are many texts which are lost in the Sanskrit original but
preserved in Mongolian as well as in Tibetan.
Mongolian not only translated Indian literature but they were very faithful
students Indian literature, of languages and history. They created a great
literature of the own under the influence of Indian Sanskrit literature.
This literature was mostly written in Tibetan and partly in Mongolian. There
are many works and commentaries by Mongolian authors on philosophy of
Nagarjuna, Asanga, Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Dharmakirti and on the grammar of
Panini ar on Kavyadarsha of Dandin. Stories of Kaa Bhoja, Vikramaditya, lyric of
Kalidasa, Meghduta and place of honour in Mongolian literature.
Mongolian historians possessed a good knowledge of Indian history. It was a
tradition of old Mongolian historiography to write about Indian kings beginning
with the legendary king Mahasammata with whom they tried to link the origin of
Mongolian khans.
The Mongolian language it self is a skriking illustration of centuries-old
cultural relationship between Mongolia and India. There are many words
of Sanskrit origin, translation loans, expressions and idiomatic usage in the
Mongolian.
For example Shashin (Sansk.Čāsana), Sudar (Sansk.Sūtra), Shashtar (Čāstra),
Erdene (Ratna), Shuleg (Čloka), Bandida (Pantita), Jambaga (Čampaka),
Chinsamani (Čintāmani), Zandan (Čandana), and etc. are widely used in every day
language of Mongols.
The old Mongolian medical system followed the system of Ashtangahrdaya of
Vagbhata and the calendar of old Mongols was governed by the Brihaspati cycle
of sixty years.
The traditional cultural relationship between Mongolian and India which
was interrupted for the last few centuries when India and Mongolia were under
yoke of foreign rulers has entered the new stage of it’s development at the
present time. There is no necessity to write about it because the friendly relations
between India and Mongolia are developing before our own eyes.
ØÓÀ-èéí Ò¿¿õèéí õ¿ðýýëýíãèéí Áàðèìò ìýäýýëëèéí òºâä õàäãàëàãäàæ áóé
àêàäåìè÷ Á.Øèðýíäýâèéí õóâèéí áàðèìòûí öóãëóóëãààñ àâ÷ îðóóëàâ.
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