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d'No ¿= %÷– k[i7 * 

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!% ;o ;xefuL x'G5g M cWoIf g]kfn 

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lbPsf] xf] . …at{dfg ;dosf u+le/ 

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kf/:kl/s ;d[l4 / ;a{Aofks d"No–dfGotfÚ 

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ca;/ kfPsf] atfP . …d lxGb" x'F, d 

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g]kfnnfO{ dfof ug]{ w]/} d'n'ssf ljlzi6 

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ePsf]n] o;df z+sf gug{ ;a}nfO{ 

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b]zsf] ljsf; x'Fb}gÚ k|wfgdGqL 

cf]nLn] eg], …ljutdf klg 

ax'dtsf ;/sf/ lyP t/ s]xL 

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b'aO{ e|d0fdf s'g} unt dg;fon] e]63f6 

s;};Fu klg gu/]sf] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . 

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To; sfo{qmddf s]lx ;dosf nflu k|d'v 

cltly geO{ laz]if cltlysf] ?kdf pkl:yt 

ePsf g]kfn k|x/Lsf dxflg/LIfs vgfnsf] 

ljifodf dfgxfgL x'g] u/L s]xL ;~rf/ dfWoddf 

cfO{lhkL vgfn o'PO{sf ;'g t:s/;Fu ldn]sf] 

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sfo{qmddf pkl:yt x'g u/]sf] cfu|x 

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sfo{qmddf s/La ! 306f pkl:yt ePsf] 

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kfngf ub}{ unt lqmofsnfk / sfo{df 

;+nUg gx'g vgfnn] cfu|x;d]t u/]sf] 

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ePsf] x'bfF s] / s:tf k|s[lt / k|j[ltsf 

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;+:yfx?;Fu e]6 x'g] clek|fon] pkl:ylt 

hgfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ;dfrf/df pNn]lvt 

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s;};+u JolQmut e]63f6 gu/]sf] / 

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u/L labf eP/ lg:sg'ePsf] lyof]Ú, ;+:yfn] 

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v08g ub{5f},Ú lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 . 

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ljifonfO{ k|rf/ u/]sf] eGb} b'Mv JoQm u/]sf 

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b]zdf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf If]qdf 

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:ki6Ls/0f lbPsf 5g\ . em08} 

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lgudsf] hxfhaf/] ljleGg 

c;n >d ;DaGwsf] lgdf{0f / 

cfd >ldssf] dof{lbt hLjgsf 

nflu ;jf{lws dxTj /fVg] 

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/]UdLn] atfP . 

;xeflutf, of]ubfg / 

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cf}iflw pkrf/, :jf:Yo Pj+ dft[Tj 

;'/Iff, b'3{6gf tyf czQmtf 

;'/Iff / cfl>t kl/jf/sf] ;'/Iff 

/ j[4fj:yfsf] ;'/Iff sfo{qmddf 

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5g\ . lgudn] xfn} Zj]tkq hf/L 

u/L pRr ljQLo hf]lvddf k/]sf] 

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shf{ ? #( ca{ #* s/f]8 / 

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clgodttfsf] cfzª\sf, 

Jofj;flos of]hgfsf] cefj, 

hxfh …u|fp08]8Ú u/]sf] cflb 

ljifodf lgudsf] rsf]{ cfnf]rgf 

eO/x]sf] 5 . otf b'O{ jfO8 

a8L P ##)–@)) hxfhsf] gofF 

/f]huf/bftfn] u/]sf] of]ubfgn] 

>ldssf] ;'/lIft eljio 

;'lglZrt u/L ;a} >ldsnfO{ 

nfe k'Ug] ljZjf; JoQm u/] . 

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #$ sf] 

pkwf/f @ df plrt kfl/>lds 

;'ljwf tyf of]ubfgdf cfwfl/t 

;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g] 

Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xLcg'?k 

g]kfndf klxnf]k6s >lds / 

ltgsf cfl>t kl/jf/n] ljleGg 

;fdflhs ;'/Iff k|fKt ug]{5g\ . 

jfO8 a8L hxfhn] b}lgs !^ 306f p8fg eg]{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– 

sf7df8f}F t/fO{ dw]z b|'tdfu{sf] 

lgdf{0f k|lqmof cufl8 

al9/x]sf a]nf ;f+;bx?n] vf]sgf 

/ a'ªdtLjf;Lsf] hfoh dfu 

;Daf]wg ug{'kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf 

5g\ . ;‹Lo ;+;b\ dftxtsf] 

/fHo Joj:yf tyf ;'zf;g 

;ldltsf] cfhsf] a}7sdf 

;f+;bx?n] ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] 

;+/If0f / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfd 

tyf sf/jfxLnfO{ ;dGoflos 

tj/n] cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ / 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] dfusf] plrt 

lg?k0f ug{'kg]{ cfjZostf 

cf}FNofP . cfof]hgf k|efljt 

If]qsf ?kdf /x]sf] vf]sgf / 

a'ªdtLjf;Ln] k/Dk/fut a:tLsf] 

;+/If0f, plrt d'cfAhfsf] dfu / 

cfof]hgfdf ckgTj vf]h]sf] eGb} 

;/sf/n] pgLx?sf] dfu ;Daf]wg 

u/]/ hfg'kg]{ atfP . ;ldltsf] 

a}7sdf ;f+;b lbn]Gb|k|;fb a8"n] 

Gofk"0f{ d'cfAhf kfpg'k5{ eGg] 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] dfu hfoh /x]sf] 

atfP . pgn] :yfgLojf;Lsf] dfu 

;Daf]wg ug{ /fhgLlts txaf6} 

uGtJo lj:tf/ tyf k|efjsf/L 

ahf/Ls/0fsf nflu of]hgfa4 

sfo{qmd agfOPsf] lgudsf 

kbflwsf/Ln] hgfPsf 5g\ . jfO8 

a8L hxfhnfO{ hfkfg rLgsf 

;fy} s]xL dxLgfsf] cGt/fndf 

blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] l;of]n / 

;fpbL c/asf] l/ofbdf p8fg 

eg]{ tof/L u/]sf] xf] . lgudsf 

sfo{sf/L cWoIf dbg v/]nn] 

cfufdL km]a|'c/L;Dd hfkfgsf] 

cf];fsf / dfr{ dxLgfdf rLgsf] 

Ujf~emfcf] p8fpg] u/L cfjZos 

k|lqmof cl3 a9fOPsf] hfgsf/L 

lbP . jfO8 a8L hxfhnfO{ rLg 

hfkfgnufot 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

b|'tdfu{;DaGwL ;Daf]wg ug{ ;f+;bx?sf] hf]8 

lg0f{o x'g'kg] { cfjZostf cf} FNofP . 

;f+;b /fh]Gb| >]i7n] 

g]jf/ ;d'bfosf] k'/fgf] a:tL / 

cflbsfnLg ;Eotf;Fu hf]l8Psf] 

If]qsf] dfusf] ;'g'jfO ug{ 

;/sf/sf] :ki6 b[li6sf]0f h?/L 

/x]sf] atfP . lnR5jLsfnb]lvsf] 

a:tL, ;Eotf, 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df

@)&% d+l;/ !! ut], d+unaf/ 

Tuesday 27 November 2018 

;DkfbsLo 

nufgLd}qL jftfj/0f h¿/L 

cfOtaf/ ;/sf/n] ljleGg sfo{qmd ul/ pBf]u lbj; dgfof] . 

pBf]u lbj; dgfO/xFbf g]kfndf rn]sf pBf]udWo] %) k|ltzt pBf]u 

k"0f{ Ifdtfdf rNg g;s]sf] l:ylt 5 . lj; @)&! ;fnb]lv d+l;/ ( 

nfO{ pBf]u lbj;sf] ¿kdf ;/sf/n] dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . s"n ufx{:y 

pTkfbgdf ljutdf pBf]un] !) k|ltztdfly of]ubfg lbPsf]df clxn] 

kfFr k|ltztdf emg'{n] klg pBf]u If]q ;sf/fTds g/x]sf] ;ª\s]t 

u5{ . /fhZjsf] of]ubfg eg] ;g\ @))! df s"n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf 

!! k|ltzt /x]sf]df ;g\ @)!& df k'Ubf @$ k|ltzt k'u]sf] eP klg 

/f]huf/ ljsf; ug{] If]qsf] of]ubfg 36\b} hfg'n] klg ;sf/fTds 

b]lvPsf] 5}g . d'n'sleq pTkfbg j[l4 u/L /fhZj a9fpg g;lsPsf] 

Joj;foLsf] egfO 5 . pBf]uL tyf Joj;foLn] gLltut ;d:of 

/x]sfn] klg pBf]usf] ljsf; k|efjsf/L x'g g;s]sf] eGb} ;/sf/ 

o;tkm{ uDeL/ eP/ nfUg'kg]{ cfjZostf cf}FNofpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . 

pBf]uLn] ;/sf/ kl/0ffdd'vL sfddf nfUg'kg]{ / pBf]ud}qL gLlt 

NofpFb} of] If]qsf ;d:ofdf lghL If]q;Fu ;xsfo{ ub{} ;dfwfg ug'kg]{ 

atfpF5g\ . g]kfnsf] pBf]u If]qdf ? @) va{ ## ca{ nufgL ePsf] 

pBf]u ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . btf{ ePsf s'n tLg nfv $% xhf/ 

#(# pBf]udf ePsf] ? @) va{ ## ca{ nufgLdWo] %% k|ltzt a9L 

/sd pmhf{hGo pBf]udf nufgL /x]sf] 5 . 

ljefusf cg';f/ g]kfnsf Ps xhf/ #) 7"nf pBf]udf !$ va{ 

%@ ca{, Ps xhf/ ^$) demf}nf pBf]udf Ps va{ $( ca{ / $@ 

xhf/ &@# n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]udf rf/ va{ #@ ca{ nufgL 

/x]sf] 5 . o;df :jb]zL nufgLsf demf}nf tyf ;fgf pBf]u / 

ljb]zL nufgLsf ;a} pBf]u /x]sf ;dfj]z 5g\ . g]kfnsf oL pBf]un] 

#! nfv *! xhf/ *! xhf/ $(^ hgfnfO{ /f]huf/L lbPsf b]lvG5 . 

ljefusf cg';f/ rf/ xhf/ %)) pBf]udf s"n ? b'O{ va{ ^* ca{ 

ljb]zL nufgL /x]sf] 5 . ljb]zL nufgLdWo] @*( 7"nf pBf]udf ? 

Ps va{ () ca{, $)) demf}nf pBf]udf @^ ca{ / tLg xhf/ &() 

pBf]udf ? %! ca{ nufgL /x]sf 5 . c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf ljb]zL 

nufgL :jLs[ltsf lx;fan] ;a}eGbf a9L ;]jfd"ns pBf]udf 5 . 

h;cGtu{t Ps xhf/ %)@ j6f pBf]u btf{ 5g\ . bf];|f]df ko{6gtkm{ 

Ps xhf/ #&! xf]6n /]i6'/]G6df nufgL 5 . pTkfbgd"ns pBf]u 

Ps xhf/ !)^ /x]sf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . o;afx]s pmhf{, lgdf{0f, 

vlgh tyf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ If]qsf pBf]udf ljb]zL nufgL /x]sf] 

ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . nufgL k|ltzt x]bf{ ljb]zL nufgL klg ;a}eGbf 

a9L pmhf{ If]qdf $^ bzdnj )* k|ltzt 5 . 

o:t} pTkfbgd"ns pBf]udf !& bzdnj (( / ;]jfd"ns 

pBf]udf !& bzdnj *@ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . ko{6gdf !! bzdnj $ 

k|ltzt 5 eg] cGo If]qdf % k|ltzt eGbf sd 5 . pBf]u If]qsf] 

ljsf;df ;Defjgf a9\b} uPsf] eGb} ljefun] /fhgLlts l:y/tf, 

gLlt lgdf{0fdf ;'lglZrttf / lg/Gt/tf, hnljB't\ pTkfbg / pmhf{sf] 

kof{Kttfn] klg jftfj/0f /fd|f] /x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ?U0f pBf]u 

;~rfng, /f]huf/bftf / dhb'/aLrsf] ljjfb, cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df 

k|lt:kwf{ ug{ g;Sg', sd u'0f:t/sf pTkfbgn] klg cK7Øf/f] cj:yf 

eg] sfod} 5 . ;/sf/n] o;/L pBf]usf] jftfj/0f /fd|f] aGb} uPsf] 

bfaL u/] klg nufgL ug{] jftfj/0f …8'Oª lalhg];Údf g]kfn kfFr 

cª\sn] tn em/]sf] ljifonfO{ cfwf/ dfGb} Joj;foLn] eg] cem} 

nufgL ug{] jftfj/0f gePsf] bfaL ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/s} 

tYofª\s x]bf{ klg g]kfndf ;fgf tyf demf}nf pBf]usf] lx:;f &^ 

k|ltzt / /f]huf/L eg] &$ k|ltzt /x]sf] t/ nufgLsf lx;fan] x]bf{ 

;fgf pBf]udf kfFr k|ltzt dfq} /x]sfn] klg 7"nf pBf]u ;~rfng 

gu/];Dd /f]huf/L j[l4 ug{ ;lsFb}g . o:tf]df ;/sf/n] :jb]zL tyf 

lab[]zL nfugL leq\ofpg gLltut ?kd} ;'wf/ ub}{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL 

nfugL leq\ofpg hf]8 lbg'k5{ . o;df ;/sf/sf] Wofg k'uf]; . 

/flzkmn 

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(*$!(##)$%÷(*!*#@%&#% 

sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+ 

kfl/jfl/s emd]nf 

;fdflohs sfo{ 

jfbjLafb 

dg cl:y/ 

z}lIfs sfo{df ;kmn 

Jofkf/df 3f6f 

sfd aGg] 

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af]lndf k|efj 

nufgLsf] ;do 

z'e ;dfrf/ 

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cg'/f]w 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], cfnf]rgf 

/ ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g ;xof]u ug]{5 . 

To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No ;'emfjsf] ck]Iff 

u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 

36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / 

tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

E-mail : janasawalnews@gmail .com 

;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og 

dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] Ps;o 

ko{6sLo uGtJodf :ofª\hfsf rf/ uGtJo 

ko{6sLo ;"rLdf k/]sf 5g\ . ko{6sLo 

uGtAodWo] b'O{ j6fnfO{ gofF uGtAo / 

b'O{nfO{ k|a4{gfTds uGtAosf] ;"lrdf 

;dfj]z u/]sf] xf] . 

:ofª\hfsf ;tf}+ r08Lyfg / 

cfndb]jL gofF uGtJo Pjd\ l;?af/L / 

:j/]s d}bfgnfO{ k|j4{gfTdstkm{ ;dfj]z 

ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Ps;o j6f 

gofF ko{6sLo uGtJosf] ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t 

ePsf] :ofª\hfsf] ;tf}+ r08Lyfg klg Ps 

xf] . k'tnLahf/ gu/kflnsfdf kg]{ ;tf}+ 

r08Lyfg P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s Pjd\ ko{6sLo 

;Defjgf af]s]sf] Ps ;Dkbf :yn xf] . 

of] 7fpF afO;] 

rf}aL;] /fHosf kfnfdf klZrdsf rf}aL;] 

/fHox?dWo]s} ;a}eGbf zlQmzfnL /fHosf 

?kdf /x]sf] lyof] . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf 

;]gfklt s]o/l;+x a:g]t dfl/Psf] :yn 

oxL lyof] . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxs} kfnfsf 

dGqL j+zL/fh kf08] o;} :yndf gh/aGbdf 

k/]sf lyP . o; :yndf clxn] b/af/sf] 

eUgfjz]if dfq} afFsL /x]sf] 5 . oxfF s/La 

5 ;o jif{ k'/fgf] sf]t3/ clxn] klg b]Vg 

;lsG5 . ;tf}+sf]6] /fhfsf] Oi6b]jLsf ?kdf 

k'lhg] o; 7fpFdf r08L / sflnsf u/L b'O{ 

j6f dlGb/x? /x]sf 5g\ h'g dlGb/ em08} 5 

;o jif{ k'/fgf] /x]sf] dflgG5 . oxfF b]zsf 

ljleGg efu tyf l5d]sL b]z ef/taf6 klg 

>4fn' eQmhgx? cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . 

To;}u/L, o; If]qnfO{ ko{6sLo 

b[li6n] klg ljsf; ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 . 

dlGb/sf] ghLs} v;'{sf] n]s /x]sf] 5 hxfF 

Clifx?n] tk:of u/]sf / clxn] klg ToxfF 

tk:of u/]sf a]nfsf eUgfjz]ifx? b]Vg 

;lsG5 . k'tnLahf/ gu/kflnsfsf] j8f 

g+ $ u'9Lvf]nfdf /x]sf] rDkflu/L ;GGof; 

cf>db]lv u'9Lvf]nfsf] lsgf/ x'Fb} cfFwLvf]nf 

t/]/ kfl0fgL cf>d, r08Lsflnsf dlGb/ 

x'Fb} v;'{sf] n]s;Dd k}bn dfu{sf ?kdf 

ljsf; ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] lhNnf ko{6g 

ljrf/ 

:ofª\hfsf rf/ uGtJo ko{6sLo ;"rLdf ;dfj]z 

/3'u+uf ufpFkflnsf–* s'O{g]vfgLsf 

:yfgLojf;LnfO{ k|fylds :jf:Yo ;]jf lng 

klg $ 306f eGbf a9Lsf] k}bn ofqf ug'{kg]{ 

afWotf 5 . ef}uf]lns ¿kdf ljs6 s'O{g]b]lv 

j8fsf] Pp6} :jf:Yo ;+:yf 3\ofF;Lvs{l:yt 

:jf:Yo rf}sLdf ;]jf lng hfg pgLx¿nfO{ 

306f}+ lxF8\g'sf] csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . 5l/P/ 

a:tLx¿ /x]sf] o; j8fdf :jf:Yo 

rf}sL;Dd k'Ug kfTn]vs{, 5/L / d+un]sf 

:yfgLojf;LnfO{ ;f9] ! 306f eGbf a9L k}bn 

lxF8\g'k5{ . oftfoftsf] ;xh kx'Fr gk'u]sf 

sf/0f o; j8fjf;LnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] 

pknAwtf ;xh gag]sf] kfTn]vs{sf o'js 

c+lst k'gn] atfpg'eof] . 

æb'u{d If]q ePsfn] oxfF :jf:Yo ;]jf lng 

lgs} k]lrnf] 5, sf]xL la/fdL eof] eg] ;lhn} 

:jf:Yo rf}sLdf k'Ug ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g, 306f}+ 

nfUg] 7fpFaf6 lk7\o'df af]s]/ la/fdLnfO{ 

pkrf/sf nflu lnP/ hfg'kg]{ afWotf 5,Æ 

k'gn] eGg'eof] . oftfoftsf] kx'Fr 5}g . 

af6f]3f6f] Jojl:yt 5}gg\ . la/fdL af]Sg oxfF 

PDa'n]G; xf]Og :6«]r/sf] ;d]t cefj 5 . 

sf]xL la/fdL ePdf …8f]sf]Údf af]s]/ pkrf/sf 

nflu n}hfg'kg]{ oxfFsf] afWotf xf] . 

;fF3'/f] ejgaf6 ;]jf lbg'kg]{ 

csf]{ sl7gfO 5 . lgdf{0ffwLg ejgnfO{ gbL 

s6fgn] Iflt k'¥ofPkl5 cGof]n cem} ylkPsf] 

5 . cf}iflw e08f/0f ug]{ pko'Qm 7fpF 5}g . 

tf]lsPsf b/aGbLcg';f/sf :jf:YosdL{ 

gx'Fbf ;f:tL v]Kg'k/]sf] ;]jfu|fxLsf] u'gf;f] 

5 . x]Ny cl;:6]G6sf] b/aGbL /x] klg 

clxn];Dd sd{rf/L cfPsf 5}gg\ . cx]asf] 

e/df :jf:Yo rf}sL ;~rfng x' Fb} cfPsf] 

:jf:Yo rf}sLdf sfo{/t cx]a b]ljGb| a'9fn] 

atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFn] eGg'eof]– æljs6tf 5 . Ps 

a:tLaf6 csf]{ a:tLdf hfg 306f}+ nfU5 . 

s'O{g]vfgLdf dxLgfsf] Ps k6s vf]k s]Gb| 

/ ufpF3/ lSnlgs rnfpF5f}F t/, kof{Kt 

hgzlQm, ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] cefj x'Fbf ;]jf 

k|jfx k|efjsf/L agfpg ;d:of eO/x]sf] 

5 .Æ /3'u+uf ufpFkflnsfsf] s'O{g]d+un];Fu} 

lrdvf]nfsf] kfTn]v]t, kfvfkfgLsf] 

7f8vfgL, bUgfdsf] b/ldhf, ufpFkflnsfs} 

s]Gb| df}jfkmfF6, sn]hfafªnufotsf 

7fpFdf :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] kx'Fr ;xh aGg 

;s]sf] 5}g . 

aly{ª ;]G6/sf] cefj 

aly{ª ;]G6/sf] ;'ljwf gx'Fbf b'u{d If]qsf 

æeLd;]gkftLsf] ?vaf6 cnk ePsfn] ;f]xL lbgb]lv j]udftf 

j]u]Zj/LnfO{ ;lhnf] ?kdf cnk b]jL eGbf eGb} cke|+; eO{ cfndb]jL 

aGg k'u]sf] xf],Æ Oltxf;ljb\ vfF0fn] eGg'eof]– æcToGt ;lqmo b]jLsf 

?kdf lrlgPsL cfndb]jL j}l4s ljlwcg';f/ ci6dflqsfsf] ?kdf hfu/0f 

u/fOPsfn] ;a} dfgjnfO{ cfg} ;Gtfg ;/x dfof / cflzjf{b lbg] / ci6 

l;l4dWo]sf …k|fsfDoÚ cg'i7fg ePsfn] bz{gfyL{x?nfO{ lg/f]uL, efsn Pjd\ 

OR5fOPsf] a/bfg dfUbf k'Ug] / cfo' ;d]t nDafOg ;lsg] a/bfg dfUbf 

k'Ug] ljZjf; /x]sf] 5 .Æ cfndb]jLsf gfddf /x]sf u'7L hUufx?sf] clen]v 

gePsfn] xfn nyflnª\u cj:yfdf /x]sf u'7L hUufx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ 

cfjZostf /x]sf] 5 . 

ljsf; ;ldltsf pkfWoIf cgGts'df/ 

>]i7n] atfpg'eof] . v;'{sf] n]saf6 laxfg 

dgdf]xs ;"of]{bo cjnf]sg ug{ kfOg] / 

o; :ynnfO{ 3/af; -xf]d:6]_ sf] ?kdf klg 

ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . 

:ofª\hfsf] sfnLu08sL ufpFkflnsf 

# g+ j8fdf kg]{ zfx j+zsf] s'n 

b]jtfsf] ?kdf /x]sf] cfndb]jL dlGb/ 

:ofª\hfsf] csf]{ P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s 

Pjd\ ko{6sLo ;Defjgf af]s]sf] :yn 

xf] . :ofª\hfsf] lddL{l:yt sfnLu08sL 

hnljB't\ kl/of]hgfsf] afFw:ynaf6 em08} 

!% lsnf]ld6/sf] b"/L kf/ u/]kl5 o; 

7fpFdf k'Ug ;lsG5 . j]udftf j]u]Zj/L 

s'n b]jL cnk x'g'ePsf] / kljqtfsf nflu 

cnk ePsf] 7fpFb]lv s/La Ps xhf/ 

ld6/leqaf6 ;'?ª x'Fb} sfnLu+ufsf] hn / 

zflnu|fdsf] kljqtf k|fKt u/L k'gM ;f]xL 

dfu{af6 eLd;]g kftLsf] km]bdf cfP/ 

a:g'ePsf] ls+jblGt /x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 

jflnª gu/ k|d'v Pjd\ cfndb]jL dlGb/sf 

Oltxf;ljb\ lbnLkk|tfk vfF0f . 

æeLd;]g kftLsf] ?vaf6 cnk 

ePsfn] ;f]xL lbgb]lv j]udftf 

j]u]Zj/LnfO{ ;lhnf] ?kdf cnk b]jL eGbf 

eGb} cke|+; eO{ cfndb]jL aGg k'u]sf] 

xf],Æ Oltxf;ljb\ vfF0fn] eGg'eof]– æcToGt 

ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ ;f:tL 5 . ef}uf]lns 

¿kdf ljs6 a:tLsf :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf k|;"lt 

s]Gb|sf] ;'ljwf gx'Fbf ;'Ts]/L x'g xhf/f}+ 

?k}ofF vr{ u/]/ zx/L If]qdf k'Ug pgLx¿ 

afWo 5g\ . u/La, ljkGg / cfly{s ¿kdf 

sdhf]/ ;d'bfosf dlxnf 3/d} c;'/lIft 

¿kdf ;'Ts]/L x'g'kg]{ cj:Yff /x]sf] /3'u+uf 

ufpFkflnsf–* sL dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf 

sb]jL 5GTofnn] atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFn] eGg'eof]– æof] If]qd} aly{ª ;]G6/ 

5}g . aly{ª ;]G6/ /x]sf] kfvfkfgL hfg ckfos 

5 . To;}n] aRrf hGdfpg sf]xL ;b/d'sfd 

a]gL hfg] u5{g\ t sf]xL 3/d} c;'/lIft 

tj/n] ;'Ts]/L aG5g\ .Æ oftfoftsf] kx'Fr 

gk'u]sf] /3'u+uf ufpFkflnsf–* s'O{g]d+un] / 

j8f g+ & lrdvf]nfsf dlxnfx¿n] o; If]qdf 

sDtLdf Pp6f aly{ª ;]G6/ :yfkgf ug{ dfu 

tf]nfsfGt aufn] 

;lqmo b]jLsf ?kdf lrlgPsL cfndb]jL 

j}l4s ljlwcg';f/ ci6dflqsfsf] ?kdf 

hfu/0f u/fOPsfn] ;a} dfgjnfO{ cfÏg} 

;Gtfg ;/x dfof / cflzjf{b lbg] / ci6 

l;l4dWo]sf …k|fsfDoÚ cg'i7fg ePsfn] 

bz{gfyL{x?nfO{ lg/f]uL, efsn Pjd\ 

OR5fOPsf] a/bfg dfUbf k'Ug] / cfo' 

;d]t nDafOg ;lsg] a/bfg dfUbf k'Ug] 

ljZjf; /x]sf] 5 .Æ cfndb]jLsf gfddf 

/x]sf u'7L hUufx?sf] clen]v gePsfn] 

xfn nyflnª\u cj:yfdf /x]sf u'7L 

hUufx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

æsfnLu08sL hnfzo;Dd b]z tyf 

ljb]zaf6 xhf/f}+ ko{6sx? cjnf]sgsf 

nflu cfpg] u/]sf 5g\,Æ lhNnf ko{6g 

ljsf; ;ldltsf pkfWoIf >]i7n] eGg'eof], 

æhnfzo;Dd k'u]sf ko{6snfO{ cfndb]jL 

k'¥ofpg] / kfNkfsf] /fgLdxn;Dd cfPsf 

ko{6snfO{ cfndb]jLdf NofO{ k'¥ofpg] 

u/L tof/L ub}{5f}+ h;n] ubf{ ko{6ssf] 

a;fO :ofª\hfdf nlDag ;S5 .Æ To;}u/L, 

k|j4{gfTds uGtAotkm{ blIf0f Plzofs} 

klxnf] ;fd'bflos 3/af; l;?af/L cfGtl/s 

tyf afXo ko{6ssf] /f]hfOsf] :yn xf] . 

:ofª\hfsf] cfFwLvf]nf ufpFkflnsfsf] ! g+ 

j8fdf /x]sf] l;?af/L ufpF b]zdf dfq} 

u/]sf 5g\ . 8'jf8LsL :yfgLojf;L dgs'df/L 

5GTofnn] eGg'eof]– æk|;"lt ;]jfsf nflu 

xhf/f}+ vr{ u/]/ a]gL÷kf]v/fsf c:ktfndf 

hfg'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 . x'g]vfg] dxLgf 

lbg cl3 g} ahf/ em/]/ ;'Ts]/L aGg] u/] klg 

ljkGg ue{jtL dlxnfx¿ ;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jf 

lng ;fdYo{ /fVb}gg\ .Æ 

;'Ts]/L x'g zx/L If]qdf hfFbf Go"gtd 

krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . 

;b/d'sfd jf kf]v/f k'Ug g;Sg] dlxnfx¿ 

ufpFd} c;'/lIft ¿kdf 3/d} ;'Ts]/L x'g] 

u/]sf 5g\ . dft[ lzz' :jf:Yodf ;'wf/ 

Nofpg ;/sf/n] ljleGg sfo{qmdx¿ 

;~rfng ul//xFbf DofUbLsf b'u{d a:tLsf 

;d:ofx¿k|lt :yfgLo ;/sf/x¿ uDeL/ 

aGg'kg]{ b]lvPsf] 5 . tna ufpFkflnsfdfkm{t 

pknAw u/fpg yflnP klg sd{rf/L 

geP/ ljb]zdf ;d]t k|Voft 5 . 

l;?af/Ldf k'Ug l;4fy{ /fhdfu{sf] 

gfpF8fF8f, ;]tLvf]nf, af8vf]nf / x]n' 

u/L rf/ 7fpFsf] af6f] x'Fb} hfg ;lsG5 . 

o; 7fpFdf cfpg] cfGtl/s tyf afXo 

ko{6sx?nfO{ ul/g] :jfut tyf Joj:yfkg 

kIf cGo xf]d:6]sf] t'ngfdf /fd|f] /x]sf] 

l;?af/L ko{6g tyf Joj:yfkg ljsf; 

;ldltsf ;b:o ;+of]hs h'daxfb'/ u'?ªn] 

atfpg'eof] . ut cfly{s jif{df dfq} 

l;?af/Ldf b'O{ xhf/ #)) eGbf a9L g]kfnL 

/ %)) eGbf a9L ljb]zL ko{6sx? cfPsf] 

clen]v /x]sf] ;+of]hs u'?ªn] atfpg'eof] . 

æl;?af/L blIf0f Plzofs} klxnf] 

;fd'bflos xf]d:6] ePs} sf/0fn] klg 

sltko kfx'gfx? oxfFsf] Joj:yfkg 

kIf a'em\g cfpg'x'G5,Æ ;+of]hs u'?ªn] 

eGg'eof]– æsltko ko{6sx? oxfFsf] :jfut 

tyf :yfgLo vfgfsf kl/sf/x?df /dfpg 

cfpg] ug'{x'G5 .Æ To:t}, csf]{ k|j4{g ug'{kg]{ 

uGtJodf :j/]s d}bfg /x]sf] 5 . :ofª\hfsf] 

eL/sf]6 gu/kflnsfsf] % g+ j8fdf 

/x]sf] :j/]s d}bfg ko{6sLo / wfld{s 

cf:yfsf] s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; eO/x]sf] 

5 . o; 7fpFdf ev{/} dfq} k|yd g]kfn 

PSo'/];L Kof/fUnfOl8ª k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg 

e};s]sf] 5 eg] o;cl3 ;f]xL :yfgdf 

Kof/fUnfOl8ªsf] 5gf}6 k|ltof]lutf klg 

ePsf] lyof] . 

le/sf]6–% :j/]s d}bfgaf6 

Kof/fUnfOl8ª p8]/ -6]sck_ jflnª 

gu/kflnsfsf] !! g+ j8fsf] 8f}+jfkmfF6l:yt 

cfFwLvf]nfsf] lsgf/df cjt/0f 

ul/G5 . l;4fy{ /fhdfu{cGtu{t eL/sf]6 

gu/kflnsf–! ao/3f/Laf6 ( lsnf]ld6/ 

/ jflnª gu/kflnsfsf] jflnª ahf/b]lv 

!)÷!! lsnf]ld6/sf] sRrL ;8s x'Fb} 

o; :yndf k'Ug ;lsG5 . :j/]sdf blIf0f 

Plzofs} klxnf] Kof/fUnfOl8ª :s"n 

:yfkgf ePsf] 5 . oxfF :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL 

v]nf8Lx?nfO{ Kof/fUnfOl8ª;DaGwL k|lzIf0f 

k|bfg ug]{ ul/Psf] afa' P8e]~r/ :s"nsf 

;fgf]afa' ;'g'jf/n] atfpg'eof] . 

b'u{dsf hgtfnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf kfpg ;s; 

sdn vqL 

of] If]qd} aly{ª ;]G6/ 5}g . aly{ª ;]G6/ /x]sf] kfvfkfgL hfg ckfos 5 . 

To;}n] aRrf hGdfpg sf]xL ;b/d'sfd a]gL hfg] u5{g\ t sf]xL 3/d} c;'/lIft 

tj/n] ;'Ts]/L aG5g\ .Æ oftfoftsf] kx'Fr gk'u]sf] /3'u+uf ufpFkflnsf–* 

s'O{g]d+un] / j8f g+ & lrdvf]nfsf dlxnfx¿n] o; If]qdf sDtLdf Pp6f aly{ª 

;]G6/ :yfkgf ug{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ . 8'jf8LsL :yfgLojf;L dgs'df/L 5GTofnn] 

eGg'eof]– æk|;"lt ;]jfsf nflu xhf/f}+ vr{ u/]/ a]gL÷kf]v/fsf c:ktfndf 

hfg'kg]{ afWotf /x]sf] 5 . x'g]vfg] dxLgf lbg cl3 g} ahf/ em/]/ ;'Ts]/L aGg] 

u/] klg ljkGg ue{jtL dlxnfx¿ ;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jf lng ;fdYo{ /fVb}gg\ .Æ 

Joj:yfkg;lxtsf] clwsf/ k"0f{ ¿kdf 

:yfgLo txdf x:tfGt/0f gx'Fbf :jf:Yo ;]jf 

k|jfxdf :yfgLo ;/sf/ cndn 5 . 

b/aGbL l/Qm 

/3'u+uf ufpFkflnsfsf x/]s j8fdf 

u/L * j6f :jf:Yo rf}sL ;~rflnt 5g\ . 

lrdvf]nf, a]u, bUgfd / lemFdf ejgsf] 

;d]t cefj 5 . s'O{g]d+un]df :jf:Yo 

rf}sL ejg lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf 5 . 

ue{jtL dlxnfx¿nfO{ ;'/lIft ¿kdf ;'Ts]/L 

u/fpg lkKn], eujtL / kfvfkfgL :jf:Yo 

rf}sLdf dfq} aly{ª ;]G6/ ;~rfngdf 5 . 

dfkb08 cg';f/sf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / jif{df 

!) b]lv !% hgf ;'Ts]/L x'g'kg]{] cfwf/df 

cGo :jf:Yo rf}sLx¿df aly{ª ;]G6/sf] 

;]jf yk ug{ sl7gfO b]lvPsf] ufpFkflnsfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . 

of] jif{ lemFdf aly{ª ;]G6/ :yfkgf 

ug]{ tof/L ul/Psf ufpFkflnsfsf :jf:Yo 

;+of]hs 6Lsfaxfb'/ zfxLn] atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFn] eGg'eof]– ædfkb08cg';f/sf] ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/ / hg3gTj gx'g' k|d'v ;d:of 

xf] . x/]s jif{ r/0fa4 ¿kdf aly{ª ;]G6/ 

yKb} nu]/ % jif{leq ;a} :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf 

;'/lIft k|;"lt ;]jfnfO{ lj:tf/ ug]{ of]hgf 

agfPsf 5f}F .Æ /3'u+uf ufpFkflnsfdf clxn] 

:jf:Yo ;]jf lbg Go"gtd hgzlQm /x] klg 

sltkonfO{ tfnLddf k7fpg'kg]{ / yk 

hgzlQm dfu ug]{ s'/f klg olsg gx'Fbf s]xL 

;d:of b]lvPsf] :jf:Yo ;x ;+of]hs lzj 

k|;fb kf08]n] atfpg'eof] . 

pxfFsf cg';f/ clxn] ufpFkflnsfleq 

b'O{hgf x]Ny cl;:6]G6, tLghgf cx]a / 

b'O{hgf cgdLsf] b/aGbL l/Qm 5 . /3'u+uf 

ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf eaaxfb'/ e08f/Ln] 

ufpFkflnsf cGtu{tsf ;a} :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf 

k|;"lt u[x :yfkgf ug{ k|lqmof yfngL ePsf] 

hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxfFsf cg';f/ lemFdf 

k|;"lt s]Gb| ;~rfngsf nflu kflnsfn] Ps 

nfv ?k}ofF ljlgof]hg u/]sf] . cfjZos 

pks/0f / k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yf u/]/ k|;"lt 

u[x ;~rfng ug{ / gofF ejg lgdf{0f ug{ 

kxn eO/x]sf] 5 . :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] cfwf/ 

dflgPsf dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfx¿sf 

nflu ;d]t ufpFkflnsfn] dfl;s Ps xhf/ 

?k}ofF oftfoft vr{ / b'O{ ;o ?k}ofF ;~rf/ 

vr{ pknAw u/fpg] gLltut lg0f{o u/]sf] 

5 . /3'u+ufdf &@ hgf dlxnf :jf:Yo 

:jo+;]ljsf sfo{/t 5g\ .

dfbs kbfy{ ;]jgn] sf]nfxn 

:yfg zfGt / ;Eo aGb} 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

algofgL– dfbs kbfy{ 

;]jgsf sf/0f czfGt / sf]nfxn 

x'g] u/]sf] emfkf latf{df]8–^ 

l:yt :ofn8fFuL / 306Laf/L If]q 

olta]nf zfGt / ;Eo aGb} uPsf] 

5 . ufpF3/df ljs[lt / cjfl~5t 

ultljlw a9];Fu} :yfgLoaf;Ln] 

6f]n u:tL ug{ yfn]kl5 ufpF zfGt 

/ ;Eo aGb} uPsf] xf] . /ftsf] 

;dodf hfF8/S;L, nfu'kbfy{ 

;]jg u/]/ em}emu8f, xf]xNnf 

ug] {, k;n tyf ;6/df 9'ª\uf 

xfGg], rf]/L nufotsf cjfl~5t 

ultljlw a9]kl5 /flt 6f]n u:tL 

ug{ yflnPsf] 6f]n u:tLsf 

;+of]hs gj/fh d]r]n] atfP . 

æufpF6f]ndf ljs[lt 

a9]kl5 Ps ;ftfcl3b]lv 

u:tL z'? u/]sf 5f}FÆ, pgn] 

eg], æu:tL z'? u/]otf ufpFdf 

zflGt 5 .Æ u:tL 6f]nL %) 

;b:oLo /x]sf] 5 . !)÷!) 

hgfsf] kfFr ;d"x agfP/ /flt 

* ah]b]lv !! ah]Dd u:tL ug]{ 

ul/Psf] cWoIf d]r]n] atfP . 

u:tL z'? u/]otf rf/ hgfnfO{ 

sf/jfxL;d]t ul/Psf] cWoIf 

d]r]n] pNn]v u/] . Onfsf k|x/L 

sfof{no cgf/dgLsf] ;xof]udf 

dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg ug]{ tLg 

hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/]/ k'gM To:tf] 

gug]{ k|lta4tf u/fP/ 5fl8Psf] 

/ Ps hgfdfly ;fj{hlgs d'2f 

btf{ ul/Psf] 5 . 

o'jf s'ntdf km:b} uPsf] 

/ /fltsf] ;dodf dfbs kbfy{ 

;]jg u/]/ xf]xNnf u/]/ ufpF 

czfGt aGg yfn]kl5 /flq 

u:tL ug{ yflnPsf] j8f g+= ^ 

sf j8f ;b:o PlGjGb| vqLn] 

atfP . ufpFdf ljs[lt a9]kl5 

u:tL 6f]nL u7g ug] { k|:tfj 

cfkm"n] cl3 ;f/]sf] atfpFb} pgn] 

eg], …6f]n u:tL z'? u/]otf ufpF 

lgSs} zfGt ePsf] 5 .Ú 6f]n 

u:tL z'? ul/P;Fu} ljtf{df]8 j8f 

g+ ^ sf] j8f sfof{non] o;sf 

nflu ? %) xhf/ ah]6;d]t 

rf/ jif{;Dd 5fk|f]d} af; 

/fdk'/ -h;_– kfNkfsf] 

lg:bL ufpFKfflnsf–$ ldTofnsf 

v8\uaxfb'/ v08n'ssf] kl/jf/ 

@)&@ ;fn j}zfv !@ ut]sf] 

e"sDkn] 3/ eTsfPkl5 5fk|f]df 

a:b} cfPsf 5g\ . 

;/sf/n] k"0f{?Kfdf Iflt 

ePsf 3/ lgdf{0fsf] lglDt 

cg'bfg /sd pknAw u/fpFb} 

cfP klg v08n'ssf] kl/jf/ eg] 

5fk|f]d} a:g afWo 5 . clxn];Dd 

;/sf/n] lbPsf] klxnf] ls:tfsf] 

? %) xhf/ kfP Kflg bfh'efOsf] 

cfGtl/s s'/f gldNbf 3/ lgdf{0f 

x'g g;s]sf] :yfgLojf;L ;GtjL/ 

;'gf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . 

e"sDk cg'bfgsf] a}+s vftf 

bfh' u;axfb'/ v08n'ssf] 

gfddf /x]sfn] 3/ lgdf{0fdf 

;d:of ePsf] v08n'ssf] u'gf;f] 

5 . ;d'b|L ;txb]lv s/La Ps 

xhf/ %)) sf] prfOdf /x]sf] 

ldTofn kfNKffdf afx|} dxLgf lgs} 

lr;f] xfjf rN5, æg ultnf];Fu 

lzt 5]lsg] 5fgf 5, g cf]9\g], g} 

nufpg] afSnf] sk8f 5, hf8f] 

dxLgf z'? eof], dl/G5 ls Sof 

xf]Æ v8\uaxfb'/n] eg] . 

ærf/}lt/ l6gsf 6'qmfn] 

ufFl;Psf] 5fk|f]df /fltdf 

tKktKk lztsf yf]kf cfFvfdf 

k5{ lgbfpg ;ls+b}g\ . dhb"/L 

u/]/ vfg;Dd h'6fPsf] 5'Æ, 

v08n'sn] atfP . 

b'3{6gfdf rfnssf] d[To 

wflbª -h;_– wflbªsf] yfqm] ufpFkflnsf–!! dfGv'df cfOtaf/ 

/flt cfOr/ b'3{6gf x'Fbf rfnssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . uf]ugkfgLdf 

;fdfg k'¥ofP/ kms{b} ubf{ dfGv'df af # v &($( sf] cfOr/ 

sRrL u|fdL0f ;8sdf klN6P/ dfVg' lgjf;L @% jifL{o ;fhg 

;'g'jf/sf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/L 

gfoa pk/LIfs Zofds'df/ dxtf]n] hfgsf/L lbP . uf8Ldf tLg 

hgf ;jf/ /x]sfdf cGo b'O{ hgf 3fOt] ePsfn] pgLsf] pkrf/ 

sf7df8f}Fsf] 6«df ;]G6/df eO/x]sf] 5 . 

:jf:Yo PsfO :yfkgf 

DofUbL -h;_– DofUbLsf] b'u{d / ljs6 If]qdf kg]{ /3'uª\uf 

ufpFkflnsf–^ kfvfkfgLsf] /fovf]/df cfOtaf/ ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo 

PsfO :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . :jf:Yo PsfO :yfkgf ePkl5 ef}uf]lns 

?kdf ljs6 / b'u{d If]qdf cjl:yt /fovf]/sf afl;GbfnfO{ ;fdfGo 

la/fdL kbf{;d]t tLg 306f k}bn lxF8]/ kfvfkfgL / lrdvf]nf k'Ug'kg]{ 

afWotf x6]sf] 5 . PsfOaf6 /fovf]/, d"nkfgL / pNn]/Lsf $* 

3/w'/Lsf %)) hg;ª\Vof nfeflGjt ePsf j8fWoIf dgs'df/ z]/ 

k'~hfn] hfgsf/L lbP . Ps hgf :jf:YosdL{ / Ps hgf sfof{no 

;xof]uL vl6g] PsfOaf6 :jf:Yo k/LIf0f, k/fdz{ / lgMz'Ns cf}iflw 

ljt/0fsf] ;'ljwf lbOg] pgn] atfP . 

pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . u:tLsf 

nflu cfjZos ;fdu|L v/Lb ug{ 

ah]6 pknAw u/fOPsf] j8fWoIf 

;"o{k|;fb sGbª\jfn] atfP . 

æ;8s, k'nnufotsf 

k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f u/]/dfq ljsf; 

x'Fb}gÆ, pgn] eg], æljs[lt/lxt 

;dfh klg lgdf{0f x'g'k5{, 

g/fd|f] dfG5]nfO{ /fd|f] agfpg 

cfjZos 5 .Æ o:tf sfo{n] 

:ofn8fFuL / 306Laf/LnfO{ gd"gf 

6f]n agfpg ;xof]u k'Ug] pgn] 

atfP . pgn] cfjZostfg';f/ 

yk ah]6 pknAw u/fpg];d]t 

hgfP . j8f sfof{non] u:tLdf 

;xefuLsf nflu 6«Øfs ;'6 

pknAw u/fpg] ePsf] ;+of]hs 

d]r]n] atfP . j8f sfof{non] 

pknAw u/fPsf] ah]6af6 ? 

@) xhf/ a/fa/sf] cfjZos 

;fdu|L v/Lb ul/Psf] pgn] 

atfP . u:tL ug{ ;xh xf];\ 

eGg] p2]Zon] :yfgLoaf;L /fh' 

lbjfnLn] rf/ yfg jfsL6sL 

;d]t pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . 

df]km;n 

Goflos ;ldltnfO{ 

ult lbg d'l:sn 

hfh/sf]6 -h;_– k"jf{wf/ 

/ sd{rf/Lsf] cefjdf :yfgLo 

txdf ul7t Goflos ;ldltnfO{ 

sfd ug{ sl7g ePsf] 

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . 

gnuf8 gu/kflnsfsf] pkfWoIf 

tyf oflos ;ldlt ;+of]hs 

afns'df/L zdf{n] ah]6sf ;fy} 

sd{rf/L klg gx'Fbf Gofo 

;Dkfbgdf sl7g ePsf] atfOg\ . 

btf{–rnfgLb]lv Gofo;Dkfbgsf 

sfd ;a} PSn} ug'{k/]sf] kL8f 

pgsf] lyof] . 

kof{Kt ah]6 / sd{rf/L 

eP sfddf tLj|tf cfpg] / 

hgtfnfO{ l56f] Gofo lbg ;lsg] 

;+of]hs zdf{sf] egfO lyof] . 

5]8fuf8 gu/kflnsfsf] pkk|d'v 

tyf Goflos ;ldlt ;+of]hs 

;l/tf cf]nLsf] klg p:t} kL8f 

lyof] . kmf]g;Dd ;~rfng 

gePsf] o; b'u{d :yfgdf 

;Nnfx / ;'emfj;d]t lng 

gkfPsf] pgsf] u'gf;f] lyof] . 

o:t} h'lgrfFb], af/]sf]6 

/ s'z]ufpFkflnsfsf] sfof{no 

;b/d'sfdd} eP klg ToxfFsf 

hgtfn] Gofo gkfpFbf Goflos 

;ldlteGbf a9L :yfgLo k|x/L 

rf}sLdf ph'/L kg]{ u/]sf] 

kfOPsf] 5 . 

s0ff{nL k|b]z d'Vo 

GofoflwjQmfsf] sfof{non] 

;b/d'sfddf :yfgLo Goflos 

;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / 

sd{rf/Lsf nflu cfof]hgf u/]sf] 

b'O{lbg] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf o:tf 

s'/f p7]sf x'g\ . sfd u/ eg]/ 

clwsf/ lbg] t/ xftv'§f;d]t 

afFWg] k|j[lQn] xfdLnfO{ sfd ug{ 

;d:of ePsf] Goflos ;ldltsf 

kbflwsf/Lsf] egfO lyof] . 

g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzgsf 

cWoIf eLdaxfb'/ l;+xn] :yfgLo 

tx;Fu xftf]dfn] u/]/ cufl8 

a9\g cfkm"x¿ tof/ ePsf] 

atfP . sfg"gL hl6ntf km'sfpg 

/ Gofo ;Dkfbg ;lhnf], 5l/tf] 

/ ;Gtf]ifhgs agfpg af/n] 

:yfgLo Goflos ;ldltnfO{ 

;xof]u ug{ tof/ ePsf] pgsf] 

egfO lyof] . 

cfunfuLdf d[To' ePsf rf/} 

hgfsf] zj Pp6} vf6df km]nf 

eb|k'/ -h;_– emfkfsf] 

lzj;tfIfL gu/kflnsf–& 

nfnemf]8fdf cfOtaf/ /flt 

ePsf] cfunfuLdf d[To' ePsf 

rf/} hgfsf] zjsf] cjz]if Pp6} 

vf6df km]nf k/]sf] 5 . ;f]daf/ 

laxfg zjsf] cjz]if ;ª\sng 

u/]/ k|x/Ln] zj k/LIf0fsf 

nflu d]rL c~rn c:ktfn 

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vgfn, rf/ jifL{of rGb|f -;'lk|of_ 

vgfn / rf/ dlxg] lzz' 6Lsf/fd 

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d[To' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]daf/ 

laxfg rf/} hgfsf] hn]sf] zjsf] 

cjz]if ;ª\sng u/]/ eb|k'/l:yt 

d]rL c~rn c:ktfndf zj 

k/LIf0fsf nflu NofOPsf] lhNnf 

k|x/L sfof{no emfkfsf k|jQmf 

gfoj k|x/L pk/LIfs dx]Gb|s'df/ 

>]i7n] hfgsf/L lbP . 

emfkf If]q g+ $ sf ;ª\3Lo 

;f+;b PnkL ;fFjf, k|b]z ;f+;b 

emnsl;+x bnf{dL, gu/kflnsf 

k|d'v rGb|s'df/ z]df{, k|d'v 

lhNnf clwsf/L hgs/fh bfxfn, 

k|x/L pk/LIfs eLdk|;fb 9sfn, 

;z:q k|x/L pk/LIfs /]zds'df/ 

yfD;'xfªnufotsf] ;/sf/L 6f]nL 

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lyof] . 36gf:yndf e]l6Psf 

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cfkm" :tAw ePsf] atfP . 

k|b]z ;f+;b emnsl;+x bnf{dLn] 

/flt PSsf;L 3/df rf/}lt/af6 

cfuf] km}lnPkl5 l5d]sLn] yfxf 

kfPsf] / uf}/fbxaf6 cfPsf] 

bdsnn] cfuf] lgefPkl5 dfq 

Pp6} vf6df rf/ hgfsf] zjsf] 

cjz]if e]l6Psf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

vfgf vfP/ ;'lt;s]kl5 

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cfunfuLdf vfgf ksfpg] PnkL 

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:yfgLo b'uf{ g]Djfªn] atfP . 

:yfgLojf;Ln] /flt g} k|x/L / 

bdsnnfO{ va/ u/]sf lyP . 

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bdsnn] cfuf] lgoGq0f u/]sf] 

lyof] . pgsf cg';f/ 3/d"nL 

nId0f vgfn /flt ( ah];Dd 

v]tdf 6«ØfS6/ hf]t]/ 3/ 

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lyof] . d[ts vgfn cfkm\g} 

6«ØfS6/ rnfpFy] . 3/ cufl8 wfg 

bfpgL ug]{ y|];/ d]l;g /flvPsf] 

lyof] . cfunfuLdf 3/ k"/} 

hn]sf] 5 eg] y|];/ cf+lzs¿kdf 

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cfuf] km}lnO;s]kl5 dfq yfxf 

kfPsf] x'Fbf cfunfuL s;/L eof] 

eGg] tTsfn yfxf x'g g;s]sf] 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|jQmf 

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cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf];d]t atfP . 

cfunfuLdf ljikmf]6 ePsf] Uof; 

l;lnG8/sf] 6'qmf pl5l§P/ 

l5d]sL #& jifL{of uLtf 9'ª\u]n 

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pkrf/sf nflu lj/f6gu/ 

l:yt gf]a]n c:ktfn nluPsf] 

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lse -PPkmkL_–?;n] qmfOldof glhssf] 

;fd'lb|s If]qaf6 o'qm]gsf tLgj6f gf};]lgs 

hxfh lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] 5 . ?;sf] pQm sbdn] 

;}lgs tgfj a9\g] qf; a9fPsf] 5 eg] o'qm]gn] 

/fi6«;+3Lo ;'/Iff kl/ifbsf] cfktsfnLg a}7ssf 

nflu ;f]daf/ g} cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . 

o'qm]gsf] PkmP;aL ;'/Iff ;]jfn] o'qm]gL 

hxfhdfly ?;n] xltof/sf] k|of]u u/]sf] hgfPsf] 

5 . ?;n] cfkm\gf] hnIf]qdf o'qm]gL kfgLhxfh 

cglws[t?kdf k|j]z u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . b'Oj6f 

o'qm]gL ;fgf o'4kf]t / Pp6f 6uaf]6 sr{ :6«]6x'Fb} 

cfOtaf/ cufl8 a9]kl5 of] ;ª\s6sf] k6fIf]k 

ePsf] lyof] . sr{ :6«]6 Pp6f ;fF3'/f] k|j]z If]q 

xf] hxfFaf6 o'qm]g / ?; b'j}n] k|of]u ul/cfPsf] 

chf]e ;fu/df k|j]z ug{ ;lsG5 . chf]e ;fu/ 

b'j} b]zsf] ;femf xf] . 

o'qm]gn] Pp6f ?;L ;Ldf ;'/Iff hxfhn] 

6uaf]6df PsfPs cfqmd0f u/]sf] / To;kl5 

tLgj6} hxfh lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . 

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u:tL ul//x]sf] o'qm]gn] atfPsf] 5 . o'qm]gdf 

pTkGg tgfjsf af/]df 5nkmn ug{ ;+o'Qm 

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n; PGhn; -PPkmkL_– gf;fsf jl/i6 

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df;{ OG;fO6sf] d'Vo nIo g} /ftf] u|xsf ?kdf 

kl/lrt dª\unu|xsf] leqL txsf] /x:o vf]tNg', 

caf}{+ jif{ klxn] o;sf] lgdf{0f s;/L eof], / 

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cfzfjfbL 5g\ . ;g\ @)!@ df So'l/cf]l;6L 

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36gf lgotjz ePsf] / o'qm]gnfO{ :yfloTj 

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kf/] . …of] ;Dd]ng g]kfnn] ug{ kfpg' g} v'zLsf] s'/f xf] . To;}n] of] 

;Dd]ngnfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] If]qaf6 ;kmn agfpg ;a}n] plQs} ;xof]u 

ug'{k5{Ú, g]kfnn] eg] . 

g]kfn ;/sf/sf] …;d[4 g]kfn M ;'lv g]kfnLÚ sf] b"/b[li6nfO{ 

;xof]u ug{' lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] d'Vo hf]8 /xg] cfof]hs ;ldltsf 

;x cWoIf 9sfnn] atfP . …lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] a]nf x'g] låkIfLo 

tyf ax'kIfLo e]63f6n] kf/:kl/s nfe x'g]5 . o;/L x'g] jftf{ / 

5nkmn g]kfnsf] gofF s'6gLlts ca;/sf] ;Defjgfx¿sf] cGj]if0f 

ug{ s]Gb|Lt x'g ;Sg] 5g\ . ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g cfpg' x'g] /fHo / 

;/sf/ k|d'vsf] k|ltlglw d08ndf ljb]zL nufgLstf{ tyf pBdLx¿ 

;dfj]z 5g\ . ltgLx¿n] cfk;L nfek|b Aofkfl/s ca;/x¿sf] 

vf]hL ug]{ 5g\,Ú pgn] eg] . 9sfnn] of] ;Dd]ngn] g]kfnnfO{ w]/} 

kmfObf k'Ug] / of] ;Dd]ng g]kfndf x'g' w]/} 7"nf] pknlAw xf] eGb} 

9sfnn] ;Dd]ngnfO{ ;a} g]kfnL ldn]/ ;kmn agfpg' cfjZos 

/x]sf] atfP . …of] ;Dd]ng g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] OHht;Fu hf]l8Psf] 

5 . ;Dd]ngn] g]kfnnfO{ ljZj dfglrqdf gofF 9+un] lrgfpg] 5Ú, 

9sfnn] eg] . 

hnjfo' kl/jt{g / sf7df8f}+ 3f]if0ffaf/] laz]if pb\3f]if;lxt 

Plzof Kofl;lkms lzv/ ;Dd]ng ;dfkg x'g] 5 . g]kfn, ef/t, 

lrg, ci6«]lnof, yfONof08, lkmlnlkG; / cd]l/sfsf s'6gLlt1 tyf 

af}l4s AolQmTjx¿n] sf7df8f}+ 3f]if0ffkqsf] d:of}bf ug]{5g\ . lzv/ 

;Dd]ng cfdGq0f ;ldltdf k"j{k|wfgdGqL g]kfn cWoIf, o'lge;{n 

lk; km]8/]zg cGt/fli6«osf cWoIf 8f= yf]d; hL jfN; / 

lkmlnlkG;sf] k|ltlglw;efsf k"j{ ;efd'v tyf cfOSofk ;+:yfks 

cWoIf ;fy}cfOPlklksf cGt/f{li6«o ;xcWoIf dxfdlxd hf];] 8] 

e]g]l;of h'lgo/ / cGo ljlzi6 AolQmTjx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . 

;Dd]ngaf/] e|ddf gkg{ ljleGg wd{ ;Da4 ;+:yfx?sf] cfu|x 

zflGt / ljsf;sf nflu cGt/wfld{s cleofg g]kfnnn] 

o"lge;{n kL; km]8/];gn] g]kfn ;/sf/, ;+3Lo ;+;b, cfOSofk, 

cfOPkLkL nufot ;+3 ;+:yf nufot;Fusf] ;xsfo{df sf7df8f}+df 

oxL d+;L/ !% / !^ ut] x'g] Plzof Kofl;lkms lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] 

k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf sfdgf u/]sf] 5 . s]xL ;+rf/ dfWodx?df 

Plzof Kofl;lkms lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf af/]df k|sflzt ;dfrf/x? k|lt 

xfd|f] Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] hgfpb} cleofgn] Plzof Kofl;lkms / ljZj 

:t/d} zflGt, efOrf/f, ;lxi0f'tf / ljsf; clej[l4 ug]{ clek|fon] 

cfof]lht ;Dd]ngsf] af/]df s'g} e|ddf gkg{ cfu|x ub}{ ;a} If]q / 

;d'bfonfO{ ;lqmo ?kdf ;xefuL x'g cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . 

zflGt / ljsf;sf nflu cGt/wfld{s cleofg g]kfnsf cWoIf 

k|f= 8f= ldng /Tg zfSosf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sdf k|f= 8f= 

gdg pkfWofo -k|ltlglw hog kl/ifb g]kfn_, k+l8t bfdf]b/ uf}td 

-cWoIf, ljZj lxGb' dxf;+3 g]kfn_, s]zj k|;fb rf}nfufO{ -dxf;lrj, 

cGt/wfld{s kl/ifb g]kfn_, l;4/Tg zfSo -zfSo kmfpG8]zg_, of]lu 

l;+xgfy -lxGb' cg'ofoL_, lgofh cxdb -e'=k'= db/f;f g]kfn_, 8f= 

g/]Gb| kf08] -jfxfO{ ;+of]hs_, wd{d"tL{ eGt] -pkfWoIf, clvn g]kfn 

leIf' dxf;+3_, bËWjh -af]ofxfË_ -s]lGb|o pkfWoIf, ls/fFt wd{_, 

/fhsfhL >]i7 -;b:o, zfSo kmfpG8];g_, tLy{dfg zfSo -;b:o, 

;]d]:6/nfO{ k|efjsf/L 

agfpg cg'bfg 

pkTosfsf cfª\lus SofDk;df 

pQm k|0ffnL z'? u/]sf] lqljn] 

o; jif{b]lv b]zel/ g} nfu" u/]sf] 

5 . ;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng 

eP klg z}lIfs Sofn]08/cg';f/ 

;dodf k9fO, k/LIff ;~rfng 

/ k/LIffkmn k|sflzt x'g] 

u/]sf] 5}g . lqljn] …pRr 

lzIff ;'wf/ kl/of]hgfÚdfkm{t 

;]d]:6/ k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L 

?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ ePsf] 

xf] . sfo{sf/L k|d'v kf]v/]nn] 

k|fWofksnfO{ tfnLdb]lv ef}lts 

k"jf{wf/;Ddsf nflu x/]s jif{ 

;]d]:6/ k9fpg] cfª\lus 

SofDk;nfO{ ? Ps nfvb]lv ? 

!% nfv;Dd pknAw u/fpg] 

hfgsf/L lbP . o:t} lqljn] 

;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng ug]{ 8Lg 

sfof{nonfO{ ? rf/ nfv, k|To]s 

SofDk;nfO{ ? Ps nfv %) xhf/ 

/ k|To]s sfo{qmdsf nflu ? kfFr 

nfv pknAw u/fpg]5 . o:t} 

lj1fg ;ª\sfo k9fpg] SofDk;nfO{ 

k|ltjif{ ? tLg nfv / k|lt;]d]:6/ ? 

!% nfv pknAw u/fpg] of]hgfsf 

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs kf]v/]nn] 

hfgsf/L u/fP . 

z'?df lqljn] lj;+ @)#) 

df z'? u/]sf] d]:6/ k|0ffnL 

@)#& ;Dd rn]sf] lyof] . pRr 

lzIff ;'wf/ kl/of]hgf k|d'v 

/fdrGb| kf]v/]nn] pQm / k|0ffnL 

;~rfng ubf{ s'g} ;d:of 

gcfcf];\ eg]/ k|f]T;fxg:j?k 

cg'bfg lbPsf] hfgsf/L 

u/fP . pgsf cg';f/ sf7df8f}F 

pkTosfsf cfª\lus SofDk;nfO{ 

eg] cg'bfg lbg yfln;s]sf] 5 . 

ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]un] eg] 

sfdkfdf guGo hgu'gf;f] 

dxfgu/jf;LnfO{ ;d:of x6nfOgdfkm{t /fVg] 

/ ;d:ofsf] plrt ;dfwfg vf]Hgs} nflu pQm 

Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . t/ u'gf;f] cToGt} sd 

cfPsf] sfdkfsf hg;Dks{ PsfOsf k|d'v 

s[i0fk|;fb rfkfufO{+n] atfP . 

pgL eG5g\, æcfPsf u'gf;fdf kmf]x/ 

gp7]sf], km'6kfydf hxfFtxLF k;n /flvPsf 

sf/0f k}bn ofq'nfO{ cfjthfjt ug{ ;d:of 

ePsf], 5f8f 5f]l8Psf hgfj/ lgoGq0f 

gul/Psf], ;fj{hlgs zf}rfno lgdf{0f / 

;/;kmfO ug' {kg] {h:tf u'gf;f] /x]sf] 5 . 

To:t} dlb/f / r'/f]6 a]Rg] :yfg lgZrt¿kdf 

tf]lsg'kg]{, ;fj{hlgs :yfgsf] ;+/If0f ul/ 

zfSo kmfpG8];g_, cdL/dfg zfSo -cWoIf, zfSo kmfpG8];g_, >LdtL 

;[hgfb]jL zfSo -af}4 wd{ cg'ofoL_, lkof/Tg dxh{g -dxf;lrj, 

cfO=P=lk=l8= g]kfn_, l5l/Ë z]kf{ -cWoIf, VofDkf] u'Daf_ nufotsf] 

;xeflutf ePsf] a}7sn] Plzof Kofl;lkms lzv/ ;Dd]ngsf] af/]df 

x'g] s'g} k|sf/sf] xNnfsf] kl5 gnfUg cfu|x u/]sf] cfO=P=lk=l8= 

g]kfnsf dxf;lrj lkof/Tg dxh{gn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

jfO8=== 

uGtJodf p8fg eg{ lgudn] wdfwd tof/L ul/x/]sf] 5 . 

lgudsf cWoIf v/]nsf cg';f/ jfO8 a8L hxfhn] km]a|'c/Lsf] 

klxnf] ;ftfb]lv cf];fsf ;ftfdf tLg p8fg ul/g]5 eg] To;sf] 

Ps dxLgfkl5 Ujf~emfcf]df klg ;ftfdf tLg p8fg eg]{ tof/L 5 . 

hfkfg p8fgsf nflu !% lbgleq sd{rf/Lsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . 

Jofj;flos lx;fan] hfkfgsf] /fhwfgL 6f]lsof] glhssf] gfl/tf 

cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn ljdfg:yndf cfufdL 5 dxLgfleq jfO8 

a8L p8fpg] lgudn] hgfPsf] 5 . hfkfgnufot nfdf] uGtJodf 

b}lgs !% b]lv !^ 306f jfO8 a8L p8fpg] tof/L ul//x]sf] lgudsf 

cWoIf v/]nsf] egfO 5 . 

ahf/df h] h:tf] xNnf cfPklg lgudsf] cfly{s cj:yf 

;Gtf]ifhgs /x]sf] bfaL ub}{ pgn] klxnf ? @% ca{sf] Jofkf/ 

ub}{ cfPsf] lgudnfO{ b'O{ jfO8 a8L hxfh v/Lbkl5 yk ? @% 

ca{ Jofkf/ ylkPsfn] cfly{s c;Gt'ng b]lvPsf] atfP . æjfO8 

a8L gofF uGtJodf rnfpg g;Sbf cfly{s ;d:of k/]sf] xf] . 

gofF uGtJo hfg] k|lqmofdf /x]sfn] 5 dxLgfleq lgud ;'wf/sf] 

cj:yfdf cfpg]df xfdL ljZj:t 5f}F . clxn] g} cflQg'kg]{ cj:yf 

5}g,Æ pgn] eg] . lgud ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o;d]t /xg'ePsf 

;+:s[lt, ko{6g tyf gful/s p8\8og dGqfnosf ;lrj s[i0fk|;fb 

b]jsf]6fn] jfO8 a8L hxfhn] nfdf] uGtJodf p8fgsf nflu 

Jofj;flos of]hgfsf ;fy cl3 a9]sf] pNn]v u/] . 

pgn] xfn ef/tsf] gofFlbNnL, stf/sf] bf]xf, yfONof08sf] 

a}+ss / xª\sª p8fg eb}{ cfPsf] jfO8 a8L hxfhn] l5§} hfkfg, 

rLg, blIf0f sf]l/of, l/ofbnufot uGtJodf p8fg eg]{ / qmdzM 

o'/f]k uGtJodf k'¥ofOg] atfP . ;lrj b]jsf]6fsf cg';f/ jfO8 

a8Ln] xfnsf uGtJodf 5b]lv cf7 306f p8fg ul//x]sf 5g\ . 

;ftfdf qmdzM xªsª / a}+ssdf tLg lbg, rf/ lbg / lbNnLdf 

b'O{ lbg p8fg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ofq'sf] rfk x]/]/ w]/} ofq' eP jfO8 

a8L / sd ePdf Gof/f] a8L hxfhaf6 p8fg ul/Fb} cfPsf] ;lrj 

b]jsf]6fn] hfgs/L lbP . 

lgudn] ;g\ @)!$ b]lv Gof/f] a8L hxfhaf6 cGt/f{li6«o 

uGtJodf p8fg eb}{ cfPsf] 5 . Gof/f] a8L cf};t b}lgs !$ 306f 

p8\5 . gofF lbNnLdf b}lgs b'O{, a} +Unf]/df ;ftfdf tLg, d'DaO{df tLg 

/ dn]lzofdf ;ftfdf rf/ p8fg x' Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ;lrj b]jsf]6fn] 

clxn];Ddsf] of]hgfcg';f/ hfkfg / rLgdf p8fg eg{ ;s] jfO8 

a8Laf6 !@ 306f / kl5 l/ofb / blIf0f sf]l/ofsf] l;cf]n hfg ;lsP 

a9Ldf !^ 306f;Dd p8fg ug{ ;lsg] atfP . clxn] jfO8 a8Lsf] 

cs'k]G;L &) / Gof/f] a8Lsf] *% k|ltzteGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . 

lgud;Fu cGt/f{li6«o p8fgnfO{ b'O{ yfg jfO8 a8L P ##) 

hxfh, b'O{ j6f Gof/f] j8L …PÚ #@) hxfh / Ps j6f af]Oª hxfh 

/x]sf 5g\ . cfGtl/s p8fgsf nflu tLg j6f 6'Og6/, b'O{ j6f 

PdP–^), rf/ j6f jfO{–!@ O ljdfg 5g\ . lgudn] cGt/f{li6«otkm{ 

cf7 / cfGtl/stkm{ @@ uGtJodf p8fg eb}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

cfly{s=== 

kl/dfhg{ ug{ tof/ 5 .Ú ;+3Lo ;+;bsf] cfufdL clwj]zgdf 

cfÎgf cfÎgf If]qdf ePsf P]g sfg'gsf cÎ7\of/fnfO{ lnlka4 

u/]/ ;+;b ;lrjfnodf a'emfpg k|wfgdGqL cf]nLn] cfu|x u/]sf 

5g\ . …;+;bsf] cfufdL clwj]zgdf ;+zf]wg ug{'kg]{ P]g sfg'gx? 

sf/0f;lxt k]z ug{'xf]; xfdL To;nfO{ cWoog u/]/ ;lhnf] agfpg] 

k|of; u5f}{+ .Ú 

g]skfsf]=== 

ug]{ sfo{;"rLdf pNn]v lyof] . kf6L{df tNnf] tx;Ddsf] Pstf 

k|lqmofn] ult glnPsf], :yfoL sld6Lsf] a}7s ga;]sf] tyf ;/sf/ 

/ bnaLr ;dGjo gePsf] ljifodf cfjfh p7\b} cfPsf] 5 . 

unt=== 

em'Sg] sfd gug{' eg]/ ;DemfPFÚ, vgfnn] eg], …t/ d}n] ToxfF 

;'g t:s/Ldf hf]l8Psf s;}nfO{ e]6]sf] 5}g / d}n] lrg]sf] klg 

lyOgF . Ps 306f a;]/ d sfo{qmdaf6 lgl:sPF, ca ToxfF sf] cfP, 

:gftsf]Q/ txdf ;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL 

nfu" ug] { ;fd'bflos SofDk;nfO{ 

klg cg'bfg lbg] ePsf] 5 . 

cfof]usf k|zf;sLo clws[t slkn 

l/;fnn] ;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng 

ug] { ;fd'bflos SofDk;nfO{ klxnf] 

k6s cg'bfg:j?k sfo{qmd x]/]/ 

? kfFr nfvb]lv ? !% nfv;Dd 

lbOg] hfgsf/L u/fP . 

cfof]un] cg'bfgsf nflu 

;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng ug] 

SofDk;sf] k|:tfj dfu u/]sf] 5 . 

æxfdLn] ;]d]:6/ k|0ffnL ;~rfng 

ug] { ;fd'bflos SofDk;nfO{ 

s'gs'g sfo{qmd ;~rfng 

u/]sf 5f} eg]/ k|:tfj dfu u/]sf 

5f} FÆ, pgn] eg], æk|:tfj cfPsf 

SofDk;sf] d"Nofª\sg ;ldltaf6 

5fglag u/]/ rfF8} g} cg'bfg 

pknAw u/fpF5f}F .Æ 

g'kg] {h:tf hgu'gf;f] /x]sf] 5 . 

lsg u'gf;f sdL 

sfdkfdf /x]sf] ;d:ofnfO{ x]g] { xf] eg] 

Ps} lbgdf bz a9L hgu'gf;f cfpg'kg] { xf] . 

oxfFsf] w'jfF, w"nf], cJojl:yt ;8s, vfg]kfgLsf] 

;d:of / kmf]x/sf] b'u{Gw, e"sDkkl5sf] 

k'gMlgdf{0f h:tf ;d:of w]/} g} /x] klg u'gf;f]s} 

¿kdf eg] cfPsf 5}gg\ . dxfgu/ cfkm} 

u'gf;f] ;'Gg] eg]/ cl3 ;/]sf] cj:yfdf klg 

u'gf;f] gcfPsf] ;DaGwdf rfkfufO{ + dxfgu/n] 

;~rfngdf NofPsf] x6nfOgaf/] s;}nfO{ 

hfgsf/L geP/ / o;sf] k|rf/k|;f/ gx'Fbf 

u'gf;f] cToGt} sd cfPsf] atfpF5g\ . 

sf7df8f}++-h;_–;f]daf/ 

dWofGg s/La # ah] ;lNsg 

z'? u/]sf] cfuf]n] sf7df8f}+ 

dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !), 

a'4gu/ If]qdf kg]{ uf}/Lz+s/ 

kmlg{l;ªsf ;fdfg hn]/ gi6 

ePsf 5g\ . cfuf] s;/L ;lNsof] 

sf/0f yfxf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 

To;a]nf kmlgl{ \;Íf ;~rfns /fd 

sfsL{ aflx/ uPsf lyP . cfuf] 

;lNsg z'? ePkl5 pgnfO{ va/ 

uof] . xtf/df sltah] vj/ cfof] 

pgnfO{ Plsg 5}g . s/Lj @ 

306fsf] k|of;df cfuf] lgoGq0fdf 

cfof] . 36gfaf6 ePsf] Ifltsf] 

;ljj/0f cfpg afFsL 5 . 

/fdsf efO ;Gtf]if/fh 

sfsL{sf cg';f/ pgL afuahf/df 

sfddf ePsf a]nf cfuf] nfu]sf] 

vj/ uPsf] xf] . To;kl5 pgL 

nuQ} kmls{P . ToxfF k'Ubf cj:yf 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– 

sf7df8f}F pkTosf;lxt b]ze/ 

lr;f] a9]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ 

pkTosfsf] Go"gtd tfkqmd 

^ bzdnj ^ l8u|Ldf em/]sf] 

df};d k"jf{g'dfg dxfzfvfn] 

hgfPsf] 5 . tfkqmd 36]sfn] 

pkTosfdf a9L lr;f] dx;'; 

ul/Psf] 5 . oBlk ck/fXg eg] 

tfkqmd s]xL a9L 5 . dxfzfvfn] 

sf7df8f}Fsf] clwsf+z tfkqmd 

cfOtaf/ @@ l8u|L;Dd k'Ug] 

k|If]k0f u/]sf] 5 . s]xL lbgotf 

pkTosf;lxt b]ze/sf] tfkqmd 

sf] uP d]/f] ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo klg xf]Og .Ú 

vgfnn] gsf/fTds s'/fdf v]bf] vg]sf] eGb} jf:tljstf 

cfkm}+nfO{ cfP/ ;f]Wg kqsf/x?nfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ . …g]kfn 

k|x/Ln] cGt/f{li6«o ;Ddfg kfPsf] s'/f gn]Vg], xfdLn] cGt/f{li6«o 

kmf]/ddf u/]sf] alnof] pkl:yltaf/] df}g x'g] t/ gsf/fTds s'/fdf 

v]bf] vGg] d d}qL / :j/f]huf/, ;fdflhs ;'/Iff, /fi6« 

;d[l4sf] cfwf/Ú eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ut z'qmaf/ ;DkGg Pgcf/PgP 

o'PO{sf] jflif{s e]nf sfo{qmddf g]kfnL b"tfjf; o'PO{sf sfo{jxfs 

/fhb"t ;fu/ km'Fofnsf] k|d'v cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . ;dfrf/x?df 

elgPh:tf] vgfn k|d'v cltyL geO{ sfo{qmdsf] ljz]if cltlysf] 

?kdf pkl:yt ePsf lyP . To;}u/L sfo{qmddf g]kfnL b"tfjf;sf 

>d sfpG;]n/ e]ifaxfb'/ sfsL{, Pgcf/PgP cfO{;L;L pkfWoIf 

s'df/ kGt, dWok"j{ pk;+of]hs uf]kfn sF8]n, cfO{;L;L ;b:o 

7fs'/ k|;fb 9'+ufgf, cfO{;L;L ;b:o dgf]h >]i7, g]kfnL ;dfh 

o'PO{sf cWoIf rGb|k|;fb ;fksf]6f, Pgcf/Pg ;fpbLsf /fh' ;}ob 

nufotsf] ljz]if pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . 

cfO{l;;L ;b:o 9'+ufgfnfO{ ## s]hL ;'g sf08df lhNnf 

cbfnt, df]/ªdf bf];|f]k6s k"/s cleof]u btf{ ubf{ k|ltjfbL 

agfOPsf] lyof] . pgL cbfntdf pkl:yt eP/ ;fwf/0f tfl/vdf 

5'6]sf x'g\ . clxn];Dd 9'+ufgf k|ToIf ?kdf ;'g t:s/Ldf ;+nUg 

ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5}g . pgL t:s/Ldf ;+nUg g/x]sf] cbfntaf6} 

k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] 5 . cbfntn] 9'+ufgfnfO{ lgbf]{if ;fljt ub}{ s]xL 

;do cg';Gwfgsf nflu aGb ul/Psf] sflGtk'/ xf]ln8]h 6«feN; klg 

k'gM ;~rfngsf nflu cg'dlt lbPsf] lyof] . 

9'+ufgfsf o'PO{sf Joj;flos ;fem]bf/ afns[i0f v8\sf / 

pgLaLr ePsf] n]gb]g sf/f]af/sf sf/0f g} pgLdfly cg';Gwfg 

ePsf] k|x/L ;|f]tn] atfof] . v8\sf pgsf] Jofkf/ ;fem]bf/ x'g\ / 

pgL ;'g t:s/Ldf cf/f]lkt 5g\ . s/La 9]9 jif{b]lv g} 9'+ufgf / 

v8\sf Jofkf/L ;fem]bf/ g/x] klg pgLx?aLr n]gb]g afFsL /x]sfn] 

6«fGh]S;g b]lvPsf] / o;}sf cfwf/df cfkm'dfly 5fgljg ePsf] 

9'+ufgfsf] bfaL 5 . 

To:t}, o"PO{s} /;cnv]dfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf;d]t 9'+ufgf 

pkl:yt lyP . pgL Pgcf/Pg cfO{;L;L ;b:o ePsf]n] sfo{qmddf 

pkl:yt ePsf] hgfO{Psf] 5 . of] ;a} Pgcf/Pg o"PO{ / cfOlhkL 

vgfnnfO{ abgfd ug{ skf]slNkt / lgof]lht cf/f]k ePsf] Pgcf/Pg 

o'PO{sf kbflwsf/Ln] atfP . tL kbflwsf/Ln] 9'+ufgfsf k"j{ kf6{g/, 

pgsf k|lt:kwL{ s]xL 6«fen Joj;foL, Joj;foL / s]xL kqsf/sf] 

ldn]dtf]df cgfjZos ljifonfO{ prfn]/ 9'+ufgfsf] abgfd ug]{ 

k|of; u/]sf] / o;}df cfOlhkL vgfn / Pgcf/PgP o'PO{;d]tsf] 

abgfd ePsf] atfP . tL kbflwsf/L c? ljifoeGbf klg o;df s]xL 

Joj;foLn] 9'+ufgfnfO{ lu/fP/ cfkm' dfly hfg ;S5' eGg] Jofkfl/s 

:jfy{sf sf/0f ljjfb b]lvPsf] atfpF5g\ . 

b|'tdfu{;DaGwL=== 

;+:s[lt, snf / k/Dk/f /x]sf] vf]sgf tyf a'ªdtLnfO{ hf]ufP/ 

klg b|'tdfu{ lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsg] pgsf] wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgfsf] 

lj:t[t kl/of]hgf k|ltj]bg -l8lkcf/_ klg alg/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ 

pbf/ eOlbg ;f+;bx?sf] cfu|x 5 . 

o:t} ;f+;b kDkmf e';fnn] ljsf;n] ljgfz lgDTofpg gx'g] 

atfP . pgn] elgg, …:yfgLojf;L cfh s] xf]nf ef]ln s] xf]nf 

eGg] bf]wf/df 5G, pgLx?sf] dfu ;Daf]wg x'g' h?/L 5, kml;8f]ndf 

lh/f] KjfOG6 /fVg lbg] ljifodf ;xdlt h'6]sfn] To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog 

u/f} F .Ú ;f+;b s[i0fuf]kfn >]i7n] ljsf;sf] sf/0f cflbsfnb]lvsf] ;Detf 

;Í6df gk/f];\ eGg] rf;f] hfoh /x]sf] atfP . 7"nf cfof]hgfdf d'cfAhf 

ljt/0f ug] { z}nLdf ;'wf/sf] cfjZostf cf} FNofpFb} ;f+;b j[h]zs'df/ 

u'Ktfn] gful/sn] ckgTj ug{ g;Sg] ljsf;n] ;d[l4 Nofpg g;Sg] 

atfP . nlntk'/sf :yfgLojf;L;d]t /x]sf ;f+;b gj/fh l;njfnn] 

b| 't dfu{sf] lh/f] KjfOG6 8's'5fk / b]jLrf}/nfO{ agfpg ;'emfj lbP . 

;f+;b dLgf kf08], k| ]d ;'jfn / 5Ssaxfb'/ nfdfn] :yfgLojf;Lsf] dfu 

;Daf]wg ub} { pgLx?nfO{ v'zL agfP/ b| 't{ dfu{sf] sfd cufl8 a9fpg'kg] 

atfP . ;ldltsf ;efklt zzL >]i7n] :yfgLojf;Lsf] dfu ;Daf]wg 

ug] { ljifodf k|wfgdGqL, /IffdGqL / u[xdGqL;Fu 5nkmn ul/g] hfgsf/L 

lbO{g\ . ;ldltn] s]xL lbgklxn] ;f] If]qsf] :ynut lg/LIf0f;d]t u/]sf] 

lyof] . ;f]xL lg/LIf0fsf cfwf/df cfh vf]sgf / a'ªdtLjf;Lsf cnfjf, 

:yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglw / ;/f]sf/ ePsf JolQm tyf ;d'bfonfO{ 

af]nfP/ 5nkmn u/]sf] xf] . 

a'4gu/sf] uf}/Lz+s/ kmlg{l;ªdf 

cfunfuL, s/f]8f}+sf] Iflt 

cs}{ eO;s]sf] lyof] . ;fdfg 

ePsf 6x/f aflx/ bdsn / 

dfG5]sf] eL8 lyof] . pgsf 

cg';f/ 6x/fleq # hgf 

sfdbf/ sfd ul//x]sf lyP . 

pgLx?n] 6x/fsf] k5fl8kl§af6 

cfuf] ;lNsPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

s] sf/0f cfuf] ;lNsof] yfxf 

5}g, t/ k5fl8af6 cfPsf] xf], 

pgLx?sf] egfO 5 . 36gf:yndf 

e]l6Psf /fdsf ef~hf b]j/fh 

vqLsf cg';f/ 6x/fleq b/fh, 

;f]kmfnufot kmlg{r/sf ;fdfg 

lkml6ª\ ug]{ sfd x'GYof] . ToxfF 

afSnf kmdx? ePsf sf/0f 

cfuf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;do nfu]sf] 

lyof] . h'4 af?0f oGq sfof{no 

sf7df8f}+sf k|d'v ab|Ldfg 

gu/sf]6Lsf cg';f/ cfuf]sf] 

k|s[lt 7"nf] ePsf] / bdsndf 

kfgLsf] kl/df0f sd ePsf]n] 

b]ze/ lr;f] a9\of] 

al9/x]sf] dxfzfvfn] hgfPsf] 

5 . clxn] h'Dnfsf] Go"gtd 

tfkqmd dfOg; ) bzdnj ! 

l8u|L / clwstd tfkqmd @! 

bzdnj % l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . 

jL/]Gb|gu/sf] Go"gtd tfkqmd 

!# bzdnj % l8u|L / clwstd 

tfkqmd @( bzdnj ^ l8u|L 

dfkg ul/Psf] 5 . 

To:t} l;d/fsf] Go"gtd 

tfkqmd !! bzdnj * l8u|L / 

clwstd tfkqmd @( bzdnj 

% l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . bfªsf] 

Go"gtd tfkqmd eg] !) 

sf7df8f}F -h;_–g]kfn 

:6s PS;r]~h lnld6]8 -g]K;]_ 

n] xfn} ;~rfngdf NofPsf] k"0f{ 

sf/f]jf/ k|0ffnL sfof{Gjogdf 

;d:of b]lvPsf] eGb} 

z]o/ nufgLstf{n] tTsfn 

;'wf/sf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ . z]o/ 

nufgLstf{n] ;f]daf/ g]K;]sf] 

sfof{no kl/;/df e]nf eP/ 

cgnfOg sf/f]jf/ k|0ffnLdf 

tTsfn ;'wf/sf ;fy} JolQmut 

k|of]u vftf / kf;j8{ 

pknAw u/fpg'kg{] dfu u/]sf 

lyP . z]o/ nufgLstf{n] xfn 

o; If]qsf a|f]s/ -bnfn_ dfkm{t 

sf/f]jf/ ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . :6s 

PS;r]~hn] ut sflQs @) 

ut]b]lv …g]K;] cgnfOg sf/f]jf/ 

k|0ffnLÚ ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 

xf] . cfOtaf/ z]o/ sf/f]jf/ 

eO/x]sf] ;dodf k|0ffnLdf 

cfuf] lgoGq0f ug{ sl7g k/]sf] 

xf] . of] ljifodf eL8df klg 

u'gf;f] rNb} lyof] — Psl5g 

kfgL xfg]kl5 bdsn l/Qf] x'G5 . 

cfuf] slxn] lgEnf /< 

36gf:yndf h'4 af?0f 

oGq sfof{no sf7df8f}+, eQmk'/ 

/ nlntk'/ tLga6} lhNnfaf6 

bdsn lnP/ clUg lgoGqs 

cfPsf lyP . o;sf ;fy} 

g]kfnL ;]gf / z;:q k|x/L 

klg pks/0f;lxt vl6Psf 

lyP . o;sf ;fy} ;8sdf 

u'l8/x]sf kfgLsf 6\ofÍ/nfO{6«flkms 

k|x/Ln] 36gf:yndf k7fPsf 

lyP . cfunfuL lgoGq0fsf nflu 

g]kfn k|x/Lsf] afSnf] pkl:ylt 

lyof] . 36gf:yndf k'u]sf] 

dxfgu/sf] j8f !) sf cWoIf 

/fd s];Ln] cgk]lIft 36gfn] b'Mv 

nfu]sf] k|ltlqmof lbP . 

bzdnj ! l8u|L / clwstd 

tfkqmd @% bzdnj * l8u|L 

;]lN;o; dfkg ulPsf] 5 . 

wgs'6fsf] Go"gtd tfkqmd !) 

bzdnj # l8u|L / clwstd 

tfkqmd @$ bzdnj $ l8u|L 

;]lN;o; 5 . 

To:t} kf]v/fsf] Go"gtd 

tfkqmd ( bzdnj % l8u|L / 

clwstd tfkqmd @% bzdnj 

$ l8u|L ;]lN;o; 5 . s]xL 

lbgsf] cj:yf x]bf{ Go"gtd 

tfkqmd cem} 36\g ;Sg] 

dxfzfvfn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

cgnfOg k|0ffnLdf 

;'wf/sf] dfu 

k|fljlws ;d:of cfPkl5 

PSsf;L cj/f]w ePsf] eGb} 

nufgLstf{x?n] cfqmf]; kf]v]sf 

lyP . g]kfn OGe]i6;{ kmf]/d, 

z]o/ nufgLstf{ ;ª\3 g]kfn, 

g]kfn k"FhL ahf/ nufgLstf{ 

;ª\3 / g]kfn k"FhL ahf/ 

;ª\3sf] cfXjfgdf nufgLstf{n] 

k"FhL ahf/ ;'wf/ tyf lj:tf/sf 

/0fgLlts sfd ug{ ;d]t dfu 

u/]sf 5g\ . 

g]K;]sf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t rGb|l;+x ;fpbn] 

cgnfOg sf/f]jf/ k|0ffnLdf 

z'?df s]xL k|fljlws ;d:of 

cfP klg ;'wf/ xF'b} uPsf] 

atfP . pgn] nufgLstf{ gofF 

k|0ffnLdf cEo:t ePkl5 l5§} 

;Dk"0f{ nufgLstf{nfO{ JolQmut 

k|of]u vftf / kf;j8{ pknAw 

u/fOg] hfgsf/L lbP . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nosf] 

xsbfjL ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)^&÷)^÷!& df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=&^&$) sf] 

>L xf]6n j]i6 ;fOg k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF elg o; 

sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu C0f lnPsf] jf 

;f] sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj eP k|df0f ;lxt xsbfjLsf] 

nflu #% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] 

hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq 

xsbfjL ug{ gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 


xsbfjL ug{ cfpg] af/]sf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)&$÷)#÷@) df btf{ ePsf] k|f=ln= g+=!&)%)$ sf] 

>L lkmGr P08 kmf]s{ /]i6'/]06 k|f=ln= gfds sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hL ul/kfpF 

elg o; sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] x'Fbf pQm sDkgLn] s;};Fu 

C0f lnPsf] jf ;f] sDkgLsf] s'g} ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj eP k|df0f 

;lxt xsbfjLsf] nflu #% lbg leq o; sfof{nodf bfjL ug{ cfpg' 

x'g ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 

5 . tf]lsPsf] Dofb leq xsbfjL ug{ gcfPdf pQm sDkgLsf] btf{ 

lgodfg';f/ vf/]h ul/g]5 . 

sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;"rgf 

o; sDkgLsf] @)&%÷)#÷!! df ;DkGg aflif{s÷ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] 

lg0f{o adf]lhd ;fljssf] sDkgL lgof] l8hfOg :6'l8of] P08 6]«l8ª\u 

k|f=ln= -k|f=ln=g+=!#*&^)_ sf] gfddf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ rncrn ;DklQ tyf 

ltg'{ kg]{ s/ bfloTj÷cGo bfloTj cflb kl/jlt{t sDkgLn] ltg]{ Joxf]g]{ u/L 

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{noaf6 ;d]t ldlt @)&%÷)#÷!& ut]sf] lg0f{o 

cg';f/ sDkgLsf] gfd kl/jt{g u/L gf]of] l8hfO{g :6'l8of] P08 6]«l8ª\u 

k|f=ln= sfod ul/Psf] Joxf]/f o;} ;"rgfåf/f hfgsf/L u/fO{G5 . 

gf]of] l8hfO{g :6'l8of] P08 6]«l8ª\u k|f=ln= 

sf7df08f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf–#), sf7df08f}+,# 

g]kfn ;/sf/ 

pBf]u dGqfno 


sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]hL ul/Psf] ;"rgf 

o; sfof{nodf ldlt @)^^÷)%÷@* df btf{ ePsf] 

k|f=ln=g=^^!!& sf] >L d+unaf/] kf]lnlSnlgs P08 8fOUgf]li6s ;]G6/ k|f=ln= 

gfds sDkgL o; sfof{nosf] ldlt @)&%÷)*÷)( sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ 

sDkgL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !#^ -s_ adf]lhd btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] Aoxf]/f 

;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

dgf]/~hg÷v]ns'b 

zxLb :df/s P l8lehg lnu 

y|L :6f/, cfdL{ / k'ln; ljhoL 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– zxLb 

:df/s …PÚ l8lehg lnu km'6an 

k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t ;f]daf/ 

ePsf] bf];|f] v]ndf Go" /f]8 6Ld 

-Pgcf/6L_nfO{ @–) n] k/flht 

ub}{ y|L :6f/ ljhoL ePsf] 

5 . PGkmf sDKn]S; ;ftbf]af6f]df 

ePsf] v]n lgs} k|lt:kwf{Tds 

ag]sf] lyof] . klxnf] xfkm 

uf]n/lxt a/fa/Ldf ;lsP klg 

y|L :6f/n] v]nsf] &%cf}F ldg]6df 

/l~ht lwdfnsf] uf]naf6 cu|tf 

lnPsf] lyof] . y|L :6f/sf v]nf8L 

chfoL dfl6{G;nfO{ k]gfN6L 

If]qleq n8fPkl5 y|L :6f/n] 

k]gfN6L kfPsf] lyof] . 

rf/ v]ndf gf} cÍ hf]8]sf] 

5 . Pgcf/6L eg] nuftf/ t];|f] 

xf/kl5 rf/ v]ndf Ps cÍd} 

/x]sf] 5 . nuftf/ b'O{ v]n 

lht]/ pTs[i6 z?cft u/]sf] 

y|L :6f/ kl5Nnf] v]ndf dgfª 

d:of{ª\bL Sna;Fu k/flht 

SnanfO{ @–) uf]nn] k/flht ub}{ 

g]kfn k'ln; Sna ljhoL ePsf] 

5 . k'ln;sf] hLtdf v]nsf] 

#*cf}F ldg]6df /lj kf;jfgn] 

uf]n u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L 

v]nsf] **cf}F ldg]6df e/t 

;fxn] uf]n ub}{ k'ln;sf] hLt 

;ftbf]af6f]l:yt clvn g]kfn 

km'6an ;ª\3 -PGkmf_sf] v]n 

d}bfgdf ePsf] v]ndf ljefuLo 

6f]nL cfdL{n] ;ª\s6fnfO{ %–! 

sf] km/flsnf] uf]ncGt/n] kfvf 

nufpFb} cfkm\gf] ck/flht 

ofqfnfO{ sfod} /fv]sf] 5 . 

eg] of] klxnf] xf/ xf] . 

;ª\s6fn] o;cl3 v]n]sf] tLg 

v]ndf nuftf/ lht xfl;n 

u/]sf] lyof] . ;ª\s6fsf] ( 

cª\s 5 . v]nsf] dWofGt/;Dd 

@–! n] cufl8 /x]sf] cfdL{n] 

v]nsf] dWofGt/ kl5 tLg uf]n 

yKof] . To:t} v]ndf klxnf] 

cu|tf eg] ;ª\s6fn] lnPsf] 

lyof] . v]nsf] gjf}F ldg]6df 

;ª\s6fsf ljb]zL v]nf8L 

Pnf]g DofS;j]nn] uf]n u/]sf 

lyP . 

;ª\s6fsf] !–) sf] cu|tf 

nfdf] ;do;Dd l6Sg ;s]g . 

dWofGt/ cl3 !&cf}F ldg]6df 

cfdL{sf v]nf8L 6]saxfb'/ 

a'9fyf]sLn] Ps uf]n kmsf{pFb} 

v]nnfO{ a/fa/Ldf NofP . To:t} 

v]nsf] @(cf}F ldg]6df cfdL{sf 

sKtfg e/t vjf;n] 

Ps uf]n u/] . v]nsf] ^# 

cf}F ldg]6df cfdL{sf ;Gtf]if 

tfdfªn] lk|mlssdf uf]n u/] 

eg] ;Gtf]ifn] uf]n u/]sf] 

b'O{ ldg]6 klg laTg gkfpFb} 

cfdL{sf 6]saxfb'/n] csf]{ 

uf]n u/] . To;}u/L v]nsf] &% 

cf}F ldg]6df cfdL{sf bLg]z 

x]Ghgn] yk Ps uf]n u/]kl5 

cfdL{n] ;ª\s6fdfly ;xh} %–! 

sf] lht lgsfNof] . 

Pgcf/6Lsf uf]n/Ifs 

clht k|hfkltn] k]gfN6L arfP 

klg /l~htn] l/afp08df 

cfPsf] annfO{ uf]ndf kl/0ft 

u/]sf lyP . pgn] nuftf/ 

t];|f] v]ndf uf]n u/]sf 

x'g\ . /l~htn] la|u]8 AjfOh 

/ dgfªlj?4 klg uf]n u/]sf 

lyP . bf];|f] xfkmsf] O~h'/L 

;dosf] klxnf] ldg]6df chfoL ePsf] lyof] . Pgcf/6Ln] lnusf] ;'lglZrt u/]sf lyP . o;}u/L, lht;Fu} cfdL{ cª\s tflnsfdf 

dfl6{G;n] uf]n ub}{ y|L :6f/sf] p¢f6g v]ndf cfdL{;Fu cªs zxLb :df/s …PÚ l8lehg lnu !) cª\s hf]8\b} lnusf] zLif{ 

hLt kSsf u/] . ld8lkmN8/ afF8\g'afx]s To;otf /fd|f] v]Ng km'6an k|ltof]lutfcGtu{t :yfgdf pSn]sf] 5 . cfdL{n] 

;'gLn ann] lbPsf] x]8/ ;s]sf] 5}g . 

;f]daf/b]lv z'? ePsf] rf}yf] o;cl3 v]n]sf] tLg v]ndf 

kf;df dfl6{G;n] x]8/dfkm{t g} ;f]daf/} xNrf]sl:yt r/0fsf] klxnf] v]ndf lqe'jg b'O{df lht / Psdf a/fa/Lsf] 

uf]n u/]sf lyP . 

;z:q k|x/Lsf] v]nd}bfgdf cfdL{ Snan] ;ª\s6f SnanfO{ glthf NofPsf] lyof] . 

hLt;Fu} y|L :6f/n] ePsf] csf]{ v]ndf Rof;n o'y k/flht u/]sf] 5 . nlntk'/sf] To:t} lnudf ;ª\s6fsf] 

t]SjfGbf]sf] b'j} ;ª\3 lj36gsf] tof/L 

sf7df8f}F -h;_–nfdf] 

;dob]lvsf] ljjfb sfod} 

/x]kl5 /fli6«o v]ns"b 

kl/ifb\ -/fv]k_n] t]SjfGbf]sf] b'O{ 

;ª\3nfO{ lj36gsf] tof/L z'? 

u/]sf] 5 . kl/ifb\n] cl:tTjdf 

/x]sf g]kfn t]SjfGbf] ;ª\3 / 

g]kfn t]SjfGbf] ;ª\3 -g]kfn_sf] 

lj36g k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 

xf] . v]nf8L 5gf]6b]lv cGt/f{li6«o 

;xeflutf;Dd b'O{ ;ª\3aLr 

ljjfb cfPkl5 ;ª\3nfO{ 

sflQs @& ut] kl/ifb\n] ljjfb 

;N6fpg ;ftlbg] kq sf6]sf] 

lyof] . kqdf /fv]kn] ;dfg 

x}l;ot / cl:tTjdf /x]sf b'j} 

;ª\3nfO{ ldn]/ hfg clN6d]6d 

lbPsf] pNn]v 5 . /fv]kn] b'j} 

;ª\3nfO{ n]v]sf] kqdf b'j} 

;ª\3 ldNg g;s]sf] cj:yfdf 

df3df cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] 

cf7f}F /fli6«o v]ns"bsf] lhNnf, 

k|b]z / s]G›Lo 5gf]6 k|efljt 

x'g] pNn]v 5 . 

cf7f}F /fli6«o v]ns"b cfufdL 

df3 @@ ut]b]lv cfof]hgf x'g] 

to ePsf] 5 . /fv]ksf] !!) 

cf}F af]8{ a}7sn] b'O{ t]SjfGbf] 

;ª\3nfO{ cfk;L 5nkmn u/L 

ljjfb ;dfwfg u/fpg lg0f{o 

ePsf] / ;f] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog 

ug{ kqfrf/ u/]sf] lyof] . clxn] 

ljZj t]SjfGbf] dxf;ª\3n] 

;DaGwg lbPsf] k|sfz zDz]/ 

/f0ff g]t[Tjsf] g]kfn t]SjfGbf] 

;ª\3 / lzj sf]O/fnf g]t[Tjsf] 

g]kfn t]SjfGbf] o'lgog cl:tTjdf 

5g\ . b'j} ;ª\3 clxn];Dd 

;sf/fTds gb]lvFbf t]SjfGbf]sf] 

ljjfb ;w}Fsf nflu ;dfKt kfg{ 

lj36g g} ug{'kg]{ cj:yf cfPsf] 

kl/ifb\ ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

kl/ifb\sf ;b:o ;lrj 

s]zjs'df/ lji6n] b'j} 

;ª\3sf kbflwsf/LnfO{ cfk;L 

5nkmnaf6 ;d:of ;dfwfg 

ug{ cfu|x ub}{ eg], æpgLx¿aLr 

h'Fufsf] n8fOF rln/xFbf kl/ifb\ 

r'k nfu]/ a:b}g . xfdL s7f]/ 

lg0f{o lng afWo x'G5f}F . cem} 

klg b'O{ ;ª\3sf kbflwsf/LaLr 

5nkmn xf];\ eGg] rfxG5f}F .Æ 

;xdtLsf nflu b'O{ dxLgf ;do 

lbg ;lsg] pgsf] egfO lyof] . 

æTo;kl5 klg pgLx¿n] s]xL 

lgsf; lbPgg\ eg] xfdL b'j} 

;ª\3 lj36g u5f}F, kl/ifb\nfO{ 

lj36gsf] clwsf/ 5,Æ /fv]k 

;b:o ;lrj lji6n] eg] . 

sf]O/fnf cWoIf /x]sf] 

;ª\3n] ljjfb ;N6fpg kfFr 

;b:oLo jftf{ 6f]nL u7g ubf{ 

/f0ff kIfn] eg] kl/ifb\sf] kqsf 

;DaGwdf s]xL k|ltlqmof lbPsf] 

5}g . g]kfn t]SjfGbf] ;ª\3sf 

pkfWoIf xl/Zj/ kf]v/]nn] 

/fhgLlts e|ft[;+:yf;Fu Pstf 

gx'g] atfP . ælj;+ @)#* b]lv 

v]n / v]nf8Lsf] ljsf;df nfu]sf] 

xfdLnfO{ /fhgLlts?kdf csf]{ 

;+:yf hGdfO ljjfbdf Nofpg 

vf]lhof], lj36g u/] cbfnt 

hfG5f}FÆ, pgn] eg] . /fv]ksf] 

kqkl5 b'O{ r/0fdf o'lgog;Fu 

jftf{ u/] klg ;dfwfg glg:s]sf] 

pgsf] egfO 5 . 

g]kfn t]SjfGbf] o'lgogsf 

cWoIf sf]O/fnfn] b'O{ ;ª\3 

x'g' s'g} gf}nf] s'/f gePsf] 

atfpF5g\ . ;ª\3sf] Psflwsf/ 

tf]8\g cfkm"x¿n] o'lgognfO{ 

cl:tTjdf NofPsf] pgL 

atfpF5g\ . æ/fv]kn] kq 

k7fPsf] 5, /fv]ks} kqsf] 

;Ddfg ub}{ xfdLn] d]/} 

g]t[Tjdf kfFr ;b:oLo jftf{ 

6f]nL u7g u/]sf 5f}F, /fv]ksf] 

lgb]{zg :jLsfg'{ ljsNk 5}gÆ, 

pgn] eg] . PlzofnL v]ns"b 

k|ltof]lutfdf P]ltxfl;s klxnf] 

/ht, blIf0f PlzofnL v]ns"bdf 

;jf{lws :j0f{ lhTg] tyf 5gf]6 

r/0f kf/ u/L cf]nlDks v]ndf 

;xeflutf hgfpg] v]n t]SjfGbf] 

xf] . kl5Nnf] ;do b'O{ ;dfgfGt/ 

;ª\3 /xFbf of] ljjflbt alg/x]sf] 

5 . 

rnlrq /0faL/ df3 !* ut] cfp“b} 

@)&% d+l;/ !! ut], d+unaf/ 


Pe/]i6 lk|ldo/ lnu -OlkPn_df 

ljb]zL v]nf8L wdfwd leq\ofO“b} 

sf7df8f}F -h;_– oxL 

dlª\;/ @@ ut]lbv z'? x'g] 

Pe/]i6 lk|ldo/ lnu -OlkPn_ 

6L–@) lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfsf nflu 

;xefuL 6f]nLn] wdfwd ljb]zL 

v]nf8L leq\ofpg yfn]sf 5g\ . 

o;} qmddf e}/xjf Unfl8o6;{n] 

tLg ljb]zL v]nf8Lsf] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . e}/xjfn] 

g]b/NofG8\;sf rlr{t v]nf8L 

/fog 6]g 8f]P;r6, o'POsf an/ 

df]xdb gfjLb / ef/tLo v]nf8L 

/ljOGb/ l;+xnfO{ o; l;hgsf] 

OlkPnsf nflu cg'aGw u/]sf] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . 

g]b/Nof+8\;sf Aof6\;Dofg 

/fogn] g]b/Nof08;sf] /fli6«o 

l6dsf nflu ## Pslbj;Lo 

v]ndf % zts / cw{zts 

agfPsf 5g\. /fogn] cfOlkPn 

l6d sf]nsf]tf gfO6 /fO8;{af6 

cfOlkPn klg v]n]sf 5g\ . 

o;sf cfnfjf /fogn] a+unfb]z 

lk|ldo/ lnu, kfls:tfg ;'k/ 

lnunufot cGo ljb]zL lnu 

v]n]sf] cg'ej /x]sf] 5 . To:t} 

o'POdf gfjLb klg cg'ejL v]nf8L 

/x]sf 5g\ . pgn] o'POsfn cflu 

#@ Pslbj;Lo / @# 6L–@) v]n 

v]n]sf 5g\ . gjLb 6L–!) lnudf 

an/ ;GbLk nfld5fg];Fu Pp6} 

l6daf6 v]ln/x]sf 5g\ . 

To:t} ef/tLo v]nf8L 

/ljOG› l;+x k+hfjaf6 ef/tsf] 

3/]n' lnu /0fhL 6«kmL v]n]sf 

v]nf8L x'g\ . pgn] $% km:6{ 

Snf;, #& lni6 P tyf @* 

6L–@) v]n v]n]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL 

/fli6«o l6dsf v]nf8L z/b 

e]:jfs/n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] e}/xjf 

Unf8ÞLo6;{df cfl/km ;]v, /f]lxt 

kf}8]n, k|bLk P]/L, clegfz 

af]xf]/f, e'jg sfsL{, s[i0f sfsL{, 

k|sfz s];L, xl/z+s/ zfx, lbk]z 

>]i7 / e'k]G› yfkf /x]sf 5g\ . 

To:t} cG8/ !^ l:kg ;]G;];gn 

clgn v/]n / cG8/ ! lqms]6/ 

s'zn dNn klg e}/xjfaf6 v]Nb} 

5g\ . 

o;} qmddf kf]v/f /fOgf]hn] 

blIf0f clk|msfsf rlr{t v]nf8L 

l/rf8{ n]jLnfO{ leqfPsf] 5 . 

blIf0f clk|msfsf nflu !# 6L-@) 

v]n]sf n]jLn] !# v]ndf @!=$% 

sf] cf};tn] @#^ /g agfPsf 5g\ . 

n]jLn] cfˆgf] bf];|f] cGt{/fli6«o 

6L–@) df Go'hLNof08lj?4 $% 

andf agfPsf] !!& /gsf] kf/L 

lgs} rlr{t /x]sf] 5. ;f] kf/Ldf 

x'g] !# 5Ssf xfg]sf lyP . 

kf]v/f /fOgf]h;Fu cg'aGw 

ePk5L n]jLn] g]kfn ljZjsf] 

;'Gb/ b]z eGg] cfkm'n] w]/} klxnf 

b]lv g} ;'g]sf] atfpb} g]kfnL 

/fli6«o lqms]6 l6dn] kl5Nnf] 

;dodf u/]sf] k|ult k|;+;lgo 

ePsf] atfP . kf]v/f /fOgf]haf6 

OlkPndf cfkm'n] /fd|f] of]ubfg 

ug]{ atfpb} cfkm' g]kfn cfpg 

cToGt pT;flxt /x]sf] atfPsf 

5g\ . k|ltof]lutfsf nflu 

k|To]s 6f]nLn] tLg÷tLg hgf 

ljb]zL v]nf8L cg'aGw ug{'kg]{ 

lgodfcg';f/ Snax?n] ljb]zL 

v]nf8LnfO{ Snadf leTof{O/x]sf 

5g\ . 

nlntk'/n] o; ;+:s/0fsf 

nflu ef/tLo v]nf8L ho lszg 

sf]Nzfjfnf, ;GgL k6]n / uf}/a 

tf]df/nfO{ Snadf cg'aGw 

u/]sf] 5 eg] lrtjg 6fOu;{n] 

cfo/Nof08sf ljs]6 lsk/ kfpn 

l:6lnª{nfO{ Snadf leq\ofPsf] 

5 . To:t} sf7df8f}F ls+U;n] 

o'PO{sf sKtfg /f]xg d':tkmf / 

cfo/Nof08sf v]nf8L s]leg 

cf] a|fognfO{ o;cl3 g} 

;fOg ul/;s]sf] 5 . k'; & 

ut] ;dfkg x'g] k|ltof]lutfdf 

5 zx/sf 5 6f]nL lj/f6gu/ 

jfl/o;{, e}/xjf Unfl8P6;{, 

sf7df8f}F lsË\; !!, 

nlntk'/ Kofl6«cf]6\;, 

lrtjg 6fOu;{ / kf]v/f 

/fOgf]hn] k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ 

cfof]hsn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– cfufdL !* 

df3af6 b]zJofkL k|bz{gdf cfpg] 

rnlrq …/0faL/Ú lgdf{0f clGtd 

r/0fdf k'u]sf] 5 . rnlrqsf] k|bz{g 

ldlt ^* lbg afFsL /xFbf lgdf{0f 

kIfn] km:6 n'S; l/lnh u/]sf] 5 . 

cleg]tf z'lzn l;6f}nsf] rl/qnfO{ 

s]lG›t u/]/ lkmNdsf] km:6 n'S;sf] 

?kdf g]kfnL / cFu|]hL 6fO{6ndf 

pgsf] Psn kmf]6f] o'Qm @ kf]i6/ 

;f]daf/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] xf] . 

cleg]tf z'lznn] of] lkmNdsf] 

nflu &) s]hLaf6 cfˆgf] tf}n !% 

lsnf] a9fP/ *% s]hL t'NofPsf 

lyP . sl/a gf} dlxgf lgoldt lhd 

u/]/ cfkm'n] tf}n;Fu} zf/Ll/s ;'u7g 

;d]t oxL lkmNdsf] nflu agfPsf] 

klg z'lznn] atfP . of] rnlrqnfO{ 

bLk]G› /]UdL / uf]df lai6 yfkfn] 

lgdf{0f u/]sf x'g\ . lgdf{tf /]UdLsf 

cg';f/ km:6 n'S;s} z'lznsf] … 

Sof/]S6/ kf]i6/Ú ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] 

xf] . cfkm'x?n] !* df3df l/lnhsf] 

;do ut c;f/df lnP/ k|rf/df 

plqPsfn] of] lkmNd ;f]xL ldltdf 

cfpg] csL{ lgdf{tf uf]df lai6n] 

atfPsL l5g\ . 

of] rnlrqnfO{ uf]ljGb l;+x 

e08f/Ln] lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g\ . rnlrq 

PS;g k|wfg syfa:t'df cfwfl/t 

/x]sf] lgb]{zs l;+xn] atfPsf 5g\ . 

of] rnlrqnfO{ uf]ljGb l;+x e08f/Ln] 

lgb]{zg u/]sf x'g\ . rnlrq PS;g 

k|wfg syfa:t'df cfwfl/t /x]sf] 

lgb]{zs l;+xn] atfPsf 5g\ . z'lzn 

l;6f}nf;Fu} of] lkmNddf, k|zfGt 

tfd|fsf/, z'e]R5f v8\sf, ;'k'ikf 

e§, 6Ls kxf/L, xl/x/ zdf{, 

ef]nf/fh ;fksf]6f, hLjg e§/fO{, 

g/]z kf}8]n, /aL lu/L, hulbz 

l/hfn;lxtsf] clego 5 . rnlrq 

/0faL/ sl/a b'O{ s/f]8sf] nufgLdf 

lgdf{0f ePsf] o;sf lgdf{tf bLk]G›n] 

hfgsf/L u/fP . rnlrqsf] b'O{ 

cf]6f uLtafx]s afFsL ;a} 5fofFsg 

;DkGg ePsf] 5 . afFsL /x]sf] b'O{ 

uLt !% dFl;/af6 5fofFsg ul/g] 

klg pgn] atfP . 

a'6jndf eof] km];g zf] 

a'6jn -h;_– k|b]z g+ % sf] 

/fhwfgL a'6jndf klxnf] k6s 

km];g zf] cfof]hgf ePsf] 5 . 

ldng rf]s l:yt Pl;og len]h 

l/;f]6{df cfof]lht km]zg zf]df 

$% dlxnf tyf k'?if df]8nn] 

¥ofDk gfk]sf lyP . k]h]G6 g]kfn 

cfof]hs /x]sf] zf]df df}lns, 

;f+:s[lts b]lv cfw'lgs;Ddsf 

klx/g df]8nn] of{Dkdf k|:t;t 

u/]sf lyP . sl/a cfwf bh{g 

lyddf km];g k|:t't ul/Psf] 

sfo{qmddf df]8nsf aLr gfos 

>Lb]j e§/fO{, gflosf k"l0f{df 

nfdf / snfsf/ bLks nSsL 

;d]t zf] 6k/sf] ?kdf of{Dkdf 

plqPsf lyP . 

PsxKtf ;Ddsf] k|lzIf0f 

;lxt df]8nnfO of{Dkdf 

ptfl/Psf] cfof]hssf] egfO{ 

/x]sf] 5 . :jl:tsf sfsL{sf] 

sf]/Lof]u|fkmL /x]sf] km];g zf]sf] 

;+rfng cfljisf/ vgfn / 

:df/Lsf tfdfªn] u/]sf lyP . 

df]8nn] sNrn/ 8«];, j]:6g{ 8«];, 

km]G;L 8«];, ufpg tyf 9fsfsf 

8«];x? of{Dkdf k|:t't ubf{ 

sfo{qmddf /f}gs 5fPsf] 

lyof] . ;f+;b lgd{nf If]qLsf] 

;d]t sfo{qmddf pkl:ytL 

/x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf If]qLn] 

km];gaf6 g]kfnnfO{ ljZjdf 

lrgfpg ;lsg] wf/0ff /flvg\ .

F 

@)&% d+l;/ !! ut], d+unaf/ 


l;len a}+sn] dgfof] cf7f}++ jflif{sf]T;j 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–l;len 

a}+s lnld6]8n] cfˆgf] cf7f}+ 

jflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/df 

a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{qmd, /Qmbfg 

sfo{qmdx? tyf ;/sf/L 

ljBfnodf cWoog/t h]x]Gbf/ 

tyf cfly{s l:ylt sdhf]/ ePsf 

ljBfyL{x?nfO{ 5fqj[lQ k|bfg 

ug] { sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf u/L 

dgfPsf] 5 . jflif{sf]T;jsf] lbg 

ljxfg kz'klt If]qsf] rqmky;+u} 

hf]8LPsf] ] kfls{ª If]qdf 

a[Iff/f]k0f sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf 

u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf cWoIf 

OR5f /fh tfdfË, kz'klt 

If]q lasf; sf]ifsf sf]iffWoIf 

8f= ldng s'df/ yfkf, a}+ssf 

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t uf]ljGb 

u'?ª, kz'klt If]q lasf; 

sf]ifsf kbflwsf/Lx?, a}+ssf 

sd{rf/L nufot kqsf/ tyf 

;j{;fwf/0fsf] afSnf] pkl:ylt 

lyof] . 

a}+ssf] ;+:yfut 

;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj gLlt 

cGtu{t lzIff, :jf:Yo, 

kof{j/0f / ;fF:s[lts 

;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ 

;+j4{g k|fyldstfdf /x]sf] 

pNn]v ub}{ ;f]xL gLlt cg'?k 

;f]daf/sf] a[Iff/f]k0f 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L 

a}+sn] #)) j6f a[Iff/f]k0f 

u/]sf] 5 . a}+sn] kfz'kt 

If]q h:tf] b]je'lddf a[Iff/f]k0f 

h:tf] kfjg sfo{ ug{ kfpFbf 

v'zL nfu]sf] s'/f a}+ssf cWoIf 

OR5f /fh tfdfËn] atfP . 

lj?jfnfO{ % jif{;Dd dnhn 

/ ;+/If0f u/L x'sf{pg] ;Ddsf] 

;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ 

s'/f a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t uf]ljGb u'?ªn] 

atfP . pQm sfo{qmddf 

kz'klt If]q lasf; sf]ifsf 

sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs /d]z 

s'df/ pk|]tLn] l;len a}+sn] 

a[Iff/f]k0f dfq gu/L 

?vx?nfO{ % jif{;Dd x'sf{O{ 

cfk}m ;Ifd ePkl5 dfq 

x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfd Psbd} 

;/fx0fLo /x]sf] s'/f atfP . 

a}+sn] cfˆgf] cf7f}+ 

jflif{sf]T;jsf] pknIodf k|wfg 

sfof{no tyf b]zsf k|d'v 

zx/x?df /Qmbfg sfo{qmdsf] 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] ;fy} 

jflif{sf]T;jsf] dlxgfdf 

b]zsf u|fdL0f e]usf ;/sf/L 

ljBfnodf cWoog/t h]x]Gbf/ 

tyf cfly{s l:ylt sdhf]/ ePsf 

ljBfyL{x?sf] 5gf}6 u/L 5fqj[lQ 

k|bfg ug] { sfo{qmd klg /x]sf] 

s'/f a} +sn] hgfPsf] 5 . rfn' 

cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd rf}df;df 

-Pg=Pkm=cf/=o;=cg';f/_ !* 

s/f]8 %) nfv -h'g klxnf] 

jif{sf] o;} cjlwsf] t'ngfdf 

^#=((% sf] a[4L xf]_ sdfpg 

;kmn o; a}+ssf] s'n zfvf 

;+Vof &) /x]sf] 5 . 

cf]kf] P;]j]gM b lau/ Aof6«L kmf]g ahf/df 

s f 7 d f 8 f } + - 

h;_–:df6{kmf]gsf] vl/b ubf{ 

t'ngfTds?kdf sd Wofg lbOg] 

lkmr/ dWo Ps xf], Aof6«L . t/, 

oxL Aof6«L g]kfnL pkef]Qmfsf 

nflu eg] lgs} 7"nf] ;d:ofsf 

?kdf /x]sf] 5 . Ao:t hLjg / 

efubf}8sf ljr kmf]gsf] rfh{sf 

af/]df lrGtf lng' jf:tjd} lgs} 

tgfljnf] x'G5 . cem To:tf] 

avtdf kmf]gsf] rfh{/ jf kfj/ 

a}+s ;fydf gx'Fbf tgfj bf]Aa/ 

x'G5 . oxL ;d:ofsf] klxrfg 

u/L ;dfwfgsf ?kdf cf]kf]n] 

zlQmzfnL Aof6«L ;lxt cf]kf] 

P;]j]g ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . 

xfn cf]kf] P;]j]gsf nflu x6 

;]N; sofDk]g rlnO/x]sf] 5 . 

a|f08 k|m]08sf 

?kdf gflosf :jl:tdf 

v8\sfsf] ;fydf gf]j]Da/ !%df 

km:6{;]N; sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf 

ub}{ cf]kf]n] kmf]gsf] ljlqm cf/De 

u/]sf] lyof] . zlQmzfnL Aof6«L, 

km]zg]jn l8hfOg, pTs[i6 sfo{ 

Ifdtf, k[ys jf6/8«k l8hfOg / 

PcfO{ O{g]aN8 Sofd]/f ;lxtsf] 

of] kmf]g dfq #% xhf/ & ;o () 

df pknAw 5 . pBf]us} klxnf] 

sgDofs @)!* df s]zsf #) d]l;g a'lsª 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–ef/tsf] 

sGkm]/]8Þ];g ckm O+l8of OG8i6«L 

-l;cfOcfO_ n] klxnf] k6s 

sgDofs @)!* g]kfn eQmk'/sf] 

v'Nnf rf}/df u/]sf] 5 . pQm 

sgDofs @)!* df !%) :6nx? 

/x]sflyP . ;f] sgDofsdf 

s]z sG6«S;gsf] ;xefuLtf 

/x]sf] lyof] . sgDofssf] d'Vo 

u]6d} /x]sf] :6ndf sDkgLn] 

df]6/ u|]8/, sDKofS6/, AofSxf] 

nf]8/ k|b{zgLdf /fv]sf] lyof] . 

a|flhndf pTkflbt s]z df]6/ 

zlQmzfnL Aof6«L / ldtAooL 

d"Nosf ;fy ;fj{hlgs P 

l;l/h cfkf]s} ;jfl{\ws ljlqm 

x'g] :df6{kmf]g dWo k5{ . $@#) 

PdPPr Ifdtfsf] zlQmzfnL 

Aof6«L hl8t cf]kf] P;]j]gdf /x]sf 

PcfO{ @=) ;lxtsf] !^ PdkL 

Ifdtfsf] k|m06 Sofd]/f / !#+@ 

PdkL Ifdtfsf l/o/ Sofd]/fn] 

jf:tjls tyf k|fs[lts b]lvg] 

tl:j/ dfkm{t g]kfnL pkef]Qmfsf] 

dg lhlt/x]sf] 5 . 

cf]kf] P;]j]gsf af/]df af]Nb} 

cf]kf] g]kfnsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t aaL 6«fcf]n] eg] … 

k|of]ustf{x?sf] Aof6«L ;DalGw 

;du| ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgfy{ g} 

xfdLn] P–l;l/h cGtu{tsf 

kmf]gx? pknAw u/fpg 

yfn]sf xf}F . ;fy}, cTofw'lgs 

lkmr;{ tyf k|ljlw ;';lHht 

kmf]g ldtAooL d"Nodf rnfpg] 

o"jfx?sf] rfxfgfnfO{ ;Daf]wg 

ug{' xfd|f] csf]{ d"n p2]Zo xf] . 

kmf]gdf /x]sf] zlQmzfnL Aof6«Lsf] 

dfWodaf6 ltgn] cfˆgf] ;lqmo 

hLjgdf kmf]gsf] rflh{ªsf sf/0f 

s'g} ?sfjt tyf ;d:ofsf] 

;fdgf ug{ gk/f];\ eGg] s'/f 

lt/ xfdLn] ljz]if Wofg lbPsf 

5f}F . To;}u/L, ltgn] cfˆgf] 

b}lgsLsf :d/l0fo knsf 

tl:j/x? lg/Gt/ ?kdf xfd|f] 

km]zg]jn kmf]g dfkm{t lvlr/xg 

;s'g\ eGg]tl/ klg xfdLn] ljz]if 

Wofg lbPsf 5f}F .Ú 

z]o/ ahf/ M 5 cª\sn] 36Øf] 

sf7df8f} -h;_–nuftf/ 

cf]/fnf] nfUb} cfPsf] lwtf]kq 

ahf/df ;f]daf/ z]o/sf] d"No 

k'gM36]sf] 5 . g]kfn :6s 

PS;r]~hsf cg';f/ sf/f]jf/ 

dfks g]K;] kl/;"rs ^ bzdnj 

#% laGb'n] 36]/ Ps xhf/ !^) 

bzdnj @* laGb'df k'u]sf] 5 . 

o:t} …sÚ ju{sf sDkgLsf] sf/f]jf/ 

dfkg ug] { ;]G;]l6e kl/;"rs;d]t 

! bzdnj # laGb'n] 36]/ @$^ 

u|]8/ d'Vo cfs{if0fsf] ?kdf 

/x]sf] lyof] eg] ef/tsf] 

dWok|b]zsf] lktDk'/df pTkflbt 

s]z AofSxf] nf]8/ *%! OS; k|f], 

&%@ 6]G8d /f]n/, !!)& OS; l8 

efOa]|;g /f]n/ / $%) l8 PS; 

ldlg /f]n/sf] k|b{zgL ul/Psf] 

lyof] . 

ltg lbgsf] sgDofs 

@)!* df sl/j Ps xhf/ 

bz{sn] cjnf]sg u/]sf lyP 

eg] #) j6f d]l;g a'lsË 

ePsf] lyof] . pQm k|b{zgLdf 

bzdnj &@ laGb'df em/]sf] 5 . 

36]sf] ahf/df ;f]daf/ 

sf/f]jf/ /sddf ;d]t ;fdfGo 

;'wf/ ePsf] 5 . s"n !%% 

sDkgLsf] gf} nfv (! xhf/ &#) 

lsQf z]o/ ? #) s/f]8 *$ nfv 

(% xhf/ *$ lsQf d"Nodf vl/b 

laqmL ePsf] 5 . 

:6ssf cg';f/ ;f]daf/ 

sf/f]jf/ ePsf bz pk;d"xdWo] 

b'O{ pk;d"xsf] z]o/ sf/f]jf/df 

d]l;g vl/b ug]{ u|fxssf] nflu 

pkxf/sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 

lyof] . s]z df]6/ u|]8/ vl/bdf 

a|flhn e|d0f, s]z AofSxf] 

nf]8/ *%! OS; k|f], &%@ 6]G8d 

/f]n/, !!)& OS; l8 efOa]|;g 

/f]n/df l6leP; ckfr] afOs 

l;t}df / $%) l8PS; ldlg 

/f]n/df yfONof08sf] e|d0f 

/x]sf] lyof] . 

ljut bz jif{b]lv … 

ljsf;sf] ;f/yLÚ eGg] gf/f;lxt 

x]le OSo'kd]06 laqmL ljt/0f ub}{ 

cfPsf] hubDaf sG6«S;g P08 

;f]n';gn] b]ze/ !$ eGbfa9L 

:yfgaf6 cfˆgf] ;]jf k|bfg 

ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . sDkgLn] 

df]6/ u|]8/, sDKofS6/, AofSxf] 

nf]8/, l:s8 l:6/ nufotsf] 

x]jL OSo'Kd]G6sf] laqmL 

ljt/0f, ;le{;, :k]o/ kf6{; 

tyf laqmLkl5sf ;Dk"0f{ ;]jf 

/ dd{t ;Def/ ;'ljwf k|bfg 

ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

j[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] cf7 pk;d"xsf] 

z]o/ 36]sf] 5 . ljQ z"Go bzdnj 

*! / cGo @ bzdnj @& laGb'n] 

a9]sf] 5 . o:t} a} +lsª $ bzdnj 

*#, xf]6n !# bzdnj #), ljsf; 

a} +s % bzdnj &^, hnljB't\ 

% bzdnj $@, lghL{jg aLdf 

*( bzdnj #, pTkfbg # 

bzdnj &^, dfOqmf]kmfOgfG; 

!% bzdnj !^ / hLjg aLdf 

^& bzdnj )% laGb'n] 36]sf] 

5 . 36]sf] ahf/df g]kfn xfO8«f] 

8]enk;{, k|f]u]|l;e kmfOgfG; / 

gf8]k n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfsf 

z]o/wgLn] sdfPsf 5g\ eg] 

g]kfn ;]jf n3'ljQ ljQLo 

;+:yf, PgPdaL dfOqmf]kmfOgfG; 

ljQLo ;+:yf / ldld{/] n3'ljQ 

ljQLo ;+:yfsf nufgLstf{n] 

eg] u'dfPsf 5g\ . 

skf]{/]6 

PgcfO{;L Plzof 

a}+ssf] @ gof“ zfvfdf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–PgcfO{;L Plzof a}+ssf] @ gofF zfvfx? 

l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] vfFl8rf}/ 

/ kfFrvfndf ;+rfngdf 

cfPsf] 5 . a}+ssf] @ 

gofF zfvf sfof{nox? 

l ; G w ' k f N r f ] s s f ] 

an]kmL ufpFkflnsf & l:yt 

vfFl8rf}/ zfvfsf] an]kmL 

ufpFkflnsfsf cWoIf s]bf/ 

If]qLn] pb\3f6g u/] eg] kfFrvfn $ ;dfhsNof0f rf]s l:yt zfvfsf] 

kfFrvfn gu/kflnsfsf d]o/ dx]z v/]nn] u/] . xfn;Dd o; a}+sdf 

u|fxssf] ;+Vof sl/a !# nfv %) xhf/ /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} ;+:yfut 

;'zf;g, hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] pTs[i6 

cEof;nfO{ o; a}+sn] kfngf ub}{ cfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . 

hubDaf s+lqm6f]sf] lk|Eo' ld6 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfnsf] hubDaf u'|k| / xf8{j]o/x?sf] a[xt\ 

;+hfn ePsf] 

/fh]z xf8{j]o/sf] 

;+o'Qm nufgLdf 

j L / u ~ h l : y t 

hubDaf s+lqm6f] 

pBf]un] lk|Eo' ld6 

;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . 

g]kfndf o'/f]lkog 

k|ljwL -cyf{t 

hd{gL / a]nfotL 

O{lGhlgo/LË_ k|of]u 

u/L ljljw lk|sfi6 

j:t'x? pTkfbg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] pBf]un] ;x/L ljsf;dGqL df]xdb 

Ol:tofs /fO{sf] k|d'v cfltYodf hubDaf s+lqm6f] lk|Eo" ld6 ;DkGg 

u/]sf] xf] . pQm sfo{qmddf P;;LO{PkL g]kfnsf cWoIf /fh]z yfkf, 

sG6«fS6;{ P;f]l;P;g g]kfnsf cWoIf /lj l;+xn] dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . 

sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L lgsfo ejg ljefu, ;8s ljefu, ;x/L ljsf; 

dGqfno, gu/kflnsf k|fljlws, g]kfnsf] ljleGg lgsfosf sG6«fS6/ 

cfls{6]sx?, ljN8;{, pBf]uklt nufotsf lgdf{0f If]q;Fu ;DalGwt 

!%) hgfeGbf a9L pkl:yt lyP . sfo{qmddf sDkgLsf tkm{af6, 

sDkgLsf lgb]{zs ;'zLn zdf{n] o:tf sfo{qmdx? efjL lbgx?df 

klg ub]{ hfg] / cfd pkef]QmfnfO{ u'0f:t/Lo a:t' tyf ;]jf4f/f 

nfefGjLt ub]{ hfg] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/] . 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

tfKn]h'ªsf] kmSQfªn'ªdf hgtf a}+ssf] gof“ zfvf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–hgtf 

a}+s g]kfn lnld6]8n] ;'b'/ 

k"j{sf] lhNnf tfKn]h'ªsf] clt 

ljs6 ufpFkflnsf kmSQfªn'ª 

ufpFkflnsfdf cfhaf6 gofF 

zfvf ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 

5 . kmSQfªn'ª ufpFkflnsf % 

tfk]yf]sdf ;+rfngdf NofOPsf] 

of] zfvf a}+ssf] !@& cf}+ zfvf 

xf] . ljQLo ;]jf dfkm{t klg 

;+l3otfnfO{ bx|f] agfpg] 

p2]Zon] :yfgLo txaf6} ;]jf 

lbgsf] nflu a}+lsË ;]jf &^^ 

:yfgLo txdf k'Ug'kg]{ lgodg 

lgsfo / ;/sf/sf] nIf cg';f/ 

b'u{d :yfgsf :yfgLo tx;Dd 

zfvf k'¥ofO{ a}+lsª\ If]qdf 

ljlzi6 klxrfg agfpg ;Ifd 

ePsf] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

ltAat;Fu l;dfgf 

hf]l8Psf] cf]nfªr'ªuf]nf ;lxt 

;fljs & uf=lj=;= ldnfP/ 

agfOPsf] o; ufpFkflnsf 

ef}uf]lns lx;fjdf 

tfKn]h'ªs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] / 

las6 ufpFkflnsf xf] . o; 

If]qsf Jofkf/L, pBdL / 

;a{;fwf/0f tyf ;/sf/L 

lgsfo ;d]t o; zfvf dfkm{t 

b]zsf] afFsL If]qdf ljQLo 

;+hfndf hf]l8g ;kmn x'g]5g\ . 

u|fxsx?n] cGo zfvfx?af6 

h:t} o; zfvfaf6 klg lgIf]k, 

shf{, /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf nufPt 

;Dk"0f{ cfw'lgs a}+lsª\ ;]jf 

k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . 

;g/fOh a}+ssf u|fxsnfO{ ckf]nf] xl:k6ndf 5'6 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–;g/fOh 

a}+sn] u|fxsx?nfO{ pRr:t/Lo 

;'lawf lbg] p2]Zon] ef/t 

l:yt OG›k|:y ckf]nf] 

xl:k6n;Fu ;Demf}tf u/]sf] 

5 . pQm ;Demf}tf cg';f/ 

ca ;g/fOh a}+ssf ;Dk'0f{ 

8]la6 tyf qm]l86sf8{ u|fxsn] 

o; xl:k6nsf ljleGg 

;]jf ;'ljwfx?df clwstd !) 

k|ltzt;Dd 5'6 kfpg]5g\ . ;f] 

;DalGw ;Demf}tfkqdf ;g/fOh 

a}+ssf tkm{af6 a}+ssf k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[t /Tg/fh 

ah|rfo{ / xl:k6nsf tkm{af6 

k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o ahf/ k|aGws 

cho efb{jfhn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 

88]Nw'/fdf s[lif a}+ssf] P6LPd ;]jf ;'? 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–lhNnfsf] 

88]Nw'/f ahf/df s[lif ljsf; 

a}+sn] P6LPd ;]jf ;'? u/]sf] 5 . 

ut sflQs !& ut]b]lv a}+sn] 

pQm ;]jf ;'? u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . 

a}+ssf ;~rfns ;b:o 3gZofd 

cj:yL / a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t lnnf k|sfz l;6f}nfn] 

;+o'Qm ?kdf pb\3¢f6g u/L ;]jf 

;'? u/]sf lyP . ;f] cj;/df 

a}+ssf] zfvf sfof{no, wgu9Lsf 

lgb]{zs xl/ZrG› ofbj, s[lif 

ljsf; a}+s ln 88]nw'/fsf 

k|aGws rqm jL/ e08f/Ln] 

dGtJo /fv]sf lyP . 

;]jfu|fxL tyf ;j{;fwf/0f 

hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf pQm sfo{qmd 

ul/Psf] a} +sn] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] 

qmddf a} +ssf clwsf/Lx?n] a} +sn] 

lbg] / lbFb} cfPsf] le;f sf8{, 

cfO{lkP;, OG6/g]6 a}lsË, cf:jf 

;'ljwf, l8Dof6 ;'ljwf, df]afOn 

a}lsË, P;PdP; nufotsf 

;'ljwf af/] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 

lyof] . sfo{qmddf s[lif ljsf; 

a}+s ln= sf pk–dxfk|aGws 

k|tfk ;'j]bL, ljefuLo k|d'v bL3{ 

axfb'/ cof{n, s[lif ljsf; a}+s 

ln=sf k|jQmf lxdnfn kf}8]n 

/ s[lif ljsf; a}+s ln=If]qLo 

sfof{nosf zf=k| lnnfw/ e§, 

;d]t pkl:yt lyP . 

cf]l/PG6 a|f08sf lx6 sGe]S6/ 

/ On]lS6«s luh/x? g]kfnL ahf/df 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– 

rf}w/L ;d"xcGtu{t /x]sf] 

l;hL On]S6«f]lgS;sf] ;xfos 

sDkgL O{=cf]=Pnn] cf]l/PG6 

On]lS6«s pTkfbgx? g]kfnL 

ahf/df leTof{Psf] 5 . xfn 

Pp6f df]8nsf] lx6 sGe]S6/, 

kfFr j6f df]8nx?sf] On]lS6«s 

luh/, ;ft df]8nx?sf] PnO{8L 

aNa, ^ j6f df]8nsf] PnO8L 

Kofgn nfO6 / !! j6f df]8nsf] 

Pdl;aLx? cf]l/PG6 a|f08cGtu{t 

/x]sf 5g\ . 

cf]l/PG6 On]lS6«s lx6 

sGe]S6/ Pr;L @))#8L df]8n 

hf8f] ;dodf s'gfsf] :yfgx?df 

klg Gofgf] agfpg / cf/fd lbg 

;xof]uL 5 . of] ?d lx6/df 

@ j6f lxl6+u kf]lh;g 5g / 

tfkqmd lgoGq0f ug]{ a6g klg 

/flvPsf] 5 . of] ?d lx6/ @))) 

jf6sf] 5 / ;'/Iff sfod ug{ 

/ o;sf] sfo{nfO{ ;xh?kdf 

;+rfng ug{ cfOP;cfO{ dfGotf 

k|fKt /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL ahf/df 

of] %,$(! df pknA3 5 . 

a}+s ckm sf7df07"n] Nofof] gof“ of]hgf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–a}+s 

ckm sf7df07"n] gofF 

df]jfOn a}+lsË ;]jf NofPsf] 

5 . a}+sn] u|fxsju{nfO{ 

dWogh/ ub}{ pQm ;]jf 

:df6{af6 u|fxsn] g]kfn 

6]lnsd tyf Pg;]nsf] lk|k]8 

/ kf]i6k]8 df]afOn 6k ck 

l/rfh{sf] Joj:yf NofPsf] 

5 . pQm l/rfh{ /sddf !) 

k|ltzt 5'6 k|bfg ug]{ ePsf] 

5 . o; of]hgf ;Lldt 

cjlwsf nflu dfq nfu' 

x'g] a}+sn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 

5 . of]hgf ;DaGwL lj:t[t 

hfgsf/L a}+ssf] cflwsf/Ls 

j]a;fO6af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] 

5 . 

5g\ . pQm ;Demf}tf cg';f/ 

;g/fOh a} +ssf u|fxsn] ;fwf/0f 

kl/If0f b]lv egf{ vr{;Dddf 

!) k|ltzt;Dd 5'6sf ;fy} 

;Dk"0f{ d]l8sn ckf]OG6\d]G6\x?sf] 

;dGjo, ljdfg:yndf Nofpg]– 

k'of{pg] nufot cGo ;]jf 

tyf ;'ljwfx?df ljz]if 5'6 

k|fKt kfpg]5g\ .OG›k|:y 

ckf]nf] xl:k6n ef/t l:yt 

Ps k|ltli7t xl:k6n xf] 

h;n] ljleGg !$) b]zsf 

u|fxsx?nfO{ ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ 

cfPsf] 5 . 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ j}b]lzs 

/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

cg';f/sf] /f]huf/Ldf k7fpg] 5f}+ . 

Kof/f8fO{h OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln= 

av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

hg;jfn klAns]zg k|f=ln=åf/f k|sflzt, sfof{noM b/af/dfu{, sf7df8f}+, kmf]g÷k\mofS;M )!–$@^%^(&÷$@@!*$(, d'b|sM PS;k|]; sn/ k|]; k|f=ln=, E-mail: janasawalnews@gmail.com, cWoIf÷;DkfbsM /fdhL aufn]

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