2000-26 Was Sie schon lange über das HbA1c wissen wollten ...

Schweiz Med Wochenschr 2000;130: Nr 26
Fortbildung
88 Brunning RD, Jacobs HS, Brenckman WD, Jimenez-Pasquau
F, Goetz FC. Fragmentation haemolysis in patients
with severe diabetic angiopathy. Br J Haematol 1976;34:
283–9.
89 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical
care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care
1999;22:S77–79.
90 Jiao Y, Okumiya T, Saibara T, Park K, Sasaki M. Abnormally
decreased HbA1c can be assessed with erythrocyte
creatine in patients with a shortened erythrocyte age. Diabetes
Care 1998;21:1732–5.
91 Diem P, Mullis P, Hirt A, Schuler JJ, Bürgi W, Zuppinger
KA, et al. Fetal haemoglobin and adult Type 1 (insulin-dependent)
diabetic patients. Diabetologia 1993;36:129–32.
92 Koskinen LK, Lahtela JT, Koivula TA. Fetal hemoglobin
in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 1994;17:828–31.
93 Flückiger R, Harmon W, Meier W, Loo S, Gabbay KH.
Hemoglobin carbamylation in uremia. N Engl J Med
1981;304:823–7.
94 Lantz B, Ochoa C, Wajcman H, Fermand JP, Labie D,
Assan R. Minor hemoglobin components in diabetic and
uremic patients. Horm Metab Res 1981;13:660–4.
95 Casparie AF, Miedema K. Glycosylated haemoglobin in
diabetes and renal failure. Lancet 1977;2:758–9.
96 Feldman HA, Singer I. Endocrinology and metabolism in
uremia and dialysis: a clinical review. Medicine 1974;
54:345–76.
97 Shaw AB. Haemolysis in chronic renal failure. Br Med J
1967;2:213–6.
98 Nakao T, Matsumo H, Okada T, Han M, Hidaka H, Yoshino
M, et al. Influence of erythropoetin treatment on
hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with chronic renal failure
on hemodialysis. Intern Med 1998;37:826–30.
99 Bridges KR, Schmidt GJ, Jensen M, Cerami A, Bunn HF.
The acetylation of hemoglobin by aspirin. In vitro and in
vivo. J Clin Invest 1975;56:201–7.
100 Nathan DM, Francis TB, Palmer JL. Effect of aspirin on
determinations of glycosylated hemoglobin. Clin Chem
1983;29:466–9.
101 Weykamp CW, Penders TJ, Siebelder CW, Muskiet FA, van
der Slik W. Interference of carbamylated and acetylated
hemoglobins in assays of glycohemoglobin by HPLC,
electrophoresis, affinity chromatography and enzyme immunoassay.
Clin Chem 1993;39:138–42.
102 Stevens VJ, Fantl WJ, Newman CB, Sims RV, Cerami A,
Peterson CM. Acetaldehyde adducts with hemoglobin. J
Clin Invest 1981;67:361–9.
103 Hoberman HD. Post-translational modification of hemoglobin
in alcoholism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
1983;113:1004–9.
104 Fantl WJ, Stevens VJ, Peterson CM. Reactions of biologic
aldehyde with proteins. Diabetes 1982;31:15–21.
105 Flückiger R. Nichtenzymatische Glykosylierung von Proteinen
bei Diabetes mellitus. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag;
1989. S. 71–3.
106 Koskinen LK, Korpela MM, Lahtela JT, Laippala PJ, Pikkarainen
PH, Koivula TA. Effect of acetaldehyde and
acetylsalicylic acid on HbA1c chromatography in the FPLC
method with Mono C cation exchanger. Clin Chim Acta
1998;275:53–61.
107 Flückiger R. Nichtenzymatische Glykosylierung von Proteinen
bei Diabetes mellitus. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag;
1989. S. 70.
108 Niketic V, Bogavac S, Tomasevic N. The effect of phenobarbital
on the nonenzymatic glycation of hemoglobin.
Farmaco 1994;49:659–62.
109 Karsegard J, Wicky J, Mensi N, Caulfield A, Philippe J.
Spurious glycohemoglobin values associated with hydroxyurea
treatment. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1211–2.
110 Charache S, Weatherall DJ. Fast hemoglobin in lead poisoning.
Blood 1966;28:377–86.
111 Urbanowski JC, Cohnenford MA, Dain JA. Nonenzymatic
galactosylation of human serum albumin. In vitro preparation.
J Biol Chem 1982;257:111–5.
112 Hall PM, Cawdell GM, Cook JGH, Gould BJ. Measurement
of glycosylated haemoglobins and glycosylated plasma
proteins in maternal and cord blood using an affinity
chromatography method. Diabetologia 1983;25:477–81.
113 Sosenko JM, Kitzimiller JL, Flückiger R, Loo SWH,
Younger DM, Gabbay KH. Umbilical cord glycosylated
hemoglobin in infants macrosomia, and cord serum Cpeptide.
Diabetes Care 1982;5:566–70.
114 Sosenko JM, Flückiger R, Platt OS, Gabbay KH. Glycosylation
of variant hemoglobins in normal and diabetic
subjects. Diabetes Care 1980;3:590–3.
115 Dix D, Cohen P, Kingsley S, Lea MJ, Senkbeil J, Sexton K.
Interference by lactescence in glycohemoglobin analysis.
Clin Chem 1979;25:494–5.
116 Gerlo E, Gorus F. Calibration of ion-exchange HPLC
measurements of glycohemoglobin: effect on interassay
precision. Clin Chem 1997;43:2353–7.
117 Kobold U, Jeppsson JO, Dulffer T, Finke A, Hoelzel W,
Miedema K. Candidate reference methods for hemoglobin
A1c on peptide mapping. Clin Chem 1997;43:1944–51.
118 Eckfeld JH, Bruns DE. Another step toward standardization
for measuring hemoglobin A1c. Clin Chem 1997;43:
1811–3.
119 Colman PG, Goodall GI, Garcia-Webb P, Williams PF,
Dunlop ME. Glycohaemoglobin: a crucial measurement
in modern diabetes management. Med J Aust 1997;167:
96–8.
120 Gibb I, Parnham AJ, Lord C, Steffes MW, Bucksa J, Mashall
S. Standardization of glycated haemoglobin assays
throughout the Northern region of England: a pilot study.
Diabet Med 1997;14:584–8.
121 Mosca A, Paelari F, Trapolino A, Capani F, Pagano G,
Plebani M. A re-evaluation of glycohaemoglobin standardisation:
the Italian experience with 119 laboratories and 12
methods. Eur J Clin Chem Clin Bichem 1997;35:243–8.
122 Peterson KP, Pavlovich JG, Goldstein D, Little R, England
J, Peterson CM. What is hemoglobin A1c? An analysis of
glycated hemoglobins by electrospray ionization mass
spectrometry. Clin Chem 1998;44:1951–8.
123 Modan M, Meytes D, Roseman P, Yosef SB, Sehayek E,
Yosef NB. Significance of high HbA1c levels in normal
glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 1988;11:422–8.
124 Yudkin JS, Forrest RD, Jackson CA, Ryle AJ, Davie S,
Gould BJ. Unexplained variability of glycated hemoglobin
in non-diabetic subjects not related to glycaemia. Diabetologia
1990;33:208–15.
125 Goldstein DE, Little RR, Lorenz RA, Malone JI, Nathan
D, Peterson CM. Tests of glycaemia in diabetes. Diabetes
Care 1995;18:896–909.
126 Winocour PH, Bhatnagar D, Kalsi P, Hillier VF, Anderson
DC. Relative clinical usefulness of glycosylated serum
albumin and fructosamine during short-term changes in
glycemic control in IDDM. Diabetes Care 1989;12:665–
72.
127 Armbruster DA. Fructosamine: structure, analysis, and
clinical usefulness. Clin Chem 1987;33:2153–63.
128 WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus Report.
WHO TRS No. 727, WHO, Geneva 1985.
129 The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification
of Diabetes Mellitus. Report of the expert committee on
the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes
Care 1999;22:S5–19.
130 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical
care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care
1999;22:S33–41.
131 Schnedl WJ, Lipp RW, Trinker M, Hopmeier P. Hemoglobin
D causing falsely low and high HbA1c values in HPLC.
Clin Chem 1998;44:1999–2000.
1005