P - IHO

Introduction5IntroductionINT 1This edition of INT 1 (Karte 1) is based upon the“ Chart Specifi cations of the IHO” (InternationalHydrographic Organization) which came into forceat the XII th International Hydrographic Conference1982 in Monaco.INT 1 contains the complete symbols and abbreviationsused on international as well as nationalpaper charts of the Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt undHydrographie (BSH).Symbols and abbreviations shown on navigational displaysystems using electronic charts may sometimesdiffer from those described in this document.In existing publications, the numbers of the symbols inINT 1 may still be prefixed with the letter “I” for International(e. g. IK 28 instead of K 28).Information concerning chartsInformation concerning charts, their use, correctionsand distribution is contained in the “Handbuchfür Brücke und Kartenhaus” as well as in the catalogue“Seekarten und Bücher”.Supplementary informationFurther information can be found in the “Seehandbuch”,“Verzeichnis der Leuchtfeuer und Signalstellen”,“Nautischer Funkdienst”, “Revierfunkdienst”,“Nautisches Jahrbuch“, “Gezeitentafel”, and the“Atlas der Gezeitenströme“.Catalogue “Seekarten und Bücher”This catalogue contains all publications issued by theBSH.Continuous revisionThe BSH publishes weekly the “Nachrichten für Seefahrer”(NfS) for continuous correction of nauticalcharts and books.Chart referenceWhere the limits of larger scale charts or plans areshown, they should normally be used, as they containfurther essential navigational information.ProjectionStandard charts are graduated on the Mercatorprojection (exceptions are marked).Great circle charts are graduated on the gnomonicprojection.Planes of referenceThe datum for sounding reductions (chart datum) andthe plane of reference for heights (height datum) aregiven on nautical charts under “Bemerkungen”.SoundingsDepths are given from 0.1 to 20.9 in metres anddecimetres, and from 21 to 31 in metres and halfmetres. Greater depths are rounded down to the nearestmetre.The geographical position of a sounding is the centreof the depth fi gure.Heights above Chart DatumHeights above Chart Datum on drying areas aregiven in metres and decimetres. The metre fi gureis underlined.Heights above height datumHeights above height datum are given in wholemetres except for heights of cliffs and islandswhich are given from 0.1 to 5.0 in metres and decimetres,and above that in whole metres.Vertical clearanceClearance heights may be referred to a higher datumthan other heights. In such cases it will be stated inthe Explanatory Notes. It is given from 0.1 to 10.0 inmetres and decimetres, and above that in whole metres.BuoyageThe charts, ordinarily, show the summer buoyage. Forwinter buoyage of the German coasts, see the publication“Winterbetonnung der deutschen Küstengewässer”.BearingsBearings refer to the true compass in degrees andtenths of degrees, or in degrees and minutes.CopyrightReproductions of any kind, including partial ones,are allowed only with the express permission of theBSH. If foreign source material has been includedin BSH charts, reproductions of any kind, includingextracts, are allowed only with the express permissionof the hydrographic service involved.The source material used is listed under “Bemerkungen”or in the source diagram.