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Abb. 4: EU Model <strong>of</strong> Pre-Commercial Procurement<br />
PCP-Tender<br />
PHANTASY/ CREATIVITY<br />
Ap1<br />
Ap2 Apn Ap3Apn Ap4Apn Ap5 CURIOSITY<br />
DRIVEN<br />
RESEARCH<br />
PUSH PULL<br />
P 1<br />
I1<br />
SOLUTION-IDEA / INNOVATION-NEED<br />
EXPLORING<br />
[Feasibility<br />
research]<br />
SOLUTION DESIGN<br />
Duration Objective<br />
Phase 1 6 Month Solution Exploration / Research<br />
Phase 2 2 Years R&D up to Prototype<br />
Phase 3 2 Years R&D up to first pre-commercial volume batch <strong>of</strong> pre-products/services validated in a field test series<br />
Phase 4 Commercialization<br />
Quellen: (EC 2007b) und eigene Darstellung<br />
In<br />
PCP Proposal-Evaluation<br />
Selection & Contract<br />
P n<br />
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3<br />
C1<br />
C2 C3<br />
C4<br />
C5 C n<br />
Cn<br />
Cn<br />
P 1<br />
I1<br />
In<br />
PCP Interim-Evaluation<br />
Selection & Contract<br />
P n<br />
C1<br />
C2 C3<br />
C4<br />
C5 PROTOTYPING<br />
[Prototype<br />
development]<br />
P 1<br />
I1<br />
PCP Solution-Evaluation<br />
Selection & Contract<br />
PROTOTYPE<br />
P n<br />
In<br />
C 2<br />
C 3<br />
C 4<br />
P 1<br />
I1<br />
TESTING<br />
[Small scale<br />
production,<br />
Test bed,<br />
Field test,<br />
Demonstration]<br />
FIRST COMMERCIAL APPLICATION<br />
MARKET<br />
INTRO-<br />
DUCTION<br />
[Tooling up/<br />
Scaling up,<br />
Full scale Test,<br />
ß-Version]<br />
COMMERCIAL END PRODUCT<br />
MARKET<br />
ESTABLISH-<br />
MENT<br />
[Industrial<br />
Engineering]<br />
DOMINANT DESIGN<br />
MARKET-<br />
PENE-<br />
TRATIOPN<br />
[Re-Design]<br />
DIFFERENTIATED VARIATNS<br />
P 1-n Procurer<br />
I1-n Intermediaries<br />
Ap 1-n Applicants<br />
C1-n Companies<br />
MARKET-<br />
SATURATION<br />
[Cost<br />
Reduction]<br />
CREATIVITY INVENTION INNOVATION<br />
DIFFUSION EXIT/SWITCH<br />
P n<br />
In<br />
Phase 4<br />
EXIT / SWITCH<br />
15
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