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Dec-98 - Friends Journal

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The Arts<br />

Quakers, Vedanta, and<br />

Christopher Isherwood<br />

by Michael True<br />

Meting on Sunday morning, I found<br />

quite valuable, despite all the talkng.<br />

And Rufus Jones-the uncrowned<br />

Quaker 'pope'-was a really good<br />

speaker." This entry, in Christopher<br />

Isherwood's journal of October 1941, suggests<br />

his ambivalent attitude toward Quaker<br />

culture while working with American <strong>Friends</strong><br />

Service Committee and attending meeting<br />

in the Philadelphia area.<br />

An acute observer of human beings in<br />

our various guises, Isherwood offers considerable<br />

insight into various religious issues<br />

during this critical period of his life. Of<br />

particular interest to interreligious dialog is<br />

his emphasis upon the similarities between<br />

Quakerism and Vedanta, a reform movement<br />

within Hinduism founded by Ramakrishna,<br />

the great 19th-century Bengali saint, and his<br />

disciple, Vivekananda, who left a lasting<br />

impression on participants at the Chicago<br />

World Parliament of Religions in 1893.<br />

Isherwood's duties during the early months<br />

of the Second World War included teaching<br />

English to German war refugees and accompanying<br />

them to classes at Haverford College.<br />

Although he was fond of the refugees,<br />

Isherwood thought that the English lessons<br />

often resembled psychiatric sessions, since<br />

"you had to give all your time, confidence,<br />

faith, courage, to these badly rattled middleaged<br />

people whose lifeline to the homeland<br />

had been brutally cut, and whose will to<br />

make a new start in the new country was<br />

very weak."<br />

In his mid-30s, Isherwood was already<br />

well-known as the author of the Berlin Stories,<br />

later the basis for John van Druten's<br />

successful play, I Am a Camera (1951) and<br />

an award-winning musical, Cabaret (1966),<br />

both successful films. H aving emigrated to<br />

the United States from Britain in 1939,<br />

with his friend and sometime lover<br />

("unromantically, but with much pleasure"),<br />

W. H . Auden, Isherwood had found not<br />

only religion, but also a home in Southern<br />

California, prior to his year in Philadelphia.<br />

On the East Coast, he felt less at home-less<br />

liberated from England and things English,<br />

one might say-than he had in the Los<br />

Michael True, a member ofWorcester-Pieasant<br />

St. (Mass.) Meeting, visited Belur Math and<br />

the Ramakrishna Mission, Calcutta, on his<br />

recent travels as a Fulbright lecturer in India.<br />

FRIENDS JoURNAL <strong>Dec</strong>ember 19<strong>98</strong><br />

Angeles area. Also for that reason, he was less<br />

public about his homosexuality, in part because<br />

of "the contrast between relatively<br />

homogeneous Pennsylvania and the everchanging<br />

population of Los Angeles."<br />

Isherwood wrote about his Quaker experience<br />

in various memoirs and based episodes<br />

in his novels on it as well. His com-<br />

An acute observer of<br />

human beings, Isherwood<br />

offers insight into religious<br />

issues . . . . Of particular<br />

interest is his emphasis upon<br />

the similarities between<br />

Q!Jakerism and Vedanta, a<br />

reform movement within<br />

Hinduism.<br />

mentaries from the recently published Diaries:<br />

Volume One: 1939-1960 give the reader<br />

a fuller account of the time, October 1941-<br />

July 1942, than was previously available,<br />

and a clearer sense of why he decided to<br />

become a member of the Vedanta Society<br />

rather than the Religious Society of <strong>Friends</strong>.<br />

Two of Isherwood's nonfiction works<br />

that also clarifY for the reader his religious<br />

choice are an eloquent, moving pamphlet,<br />

An Approach to Vedanta, about his discovery<br />

that he was a pacifist, and his last extended<br />

memoir, My Guru and His Disciple, about<br />

his friendship with Swami Prabhavananda,<br />

the head of the Vedanta Center in Hollywood<br />

and a close friend until<br />

Prabhavananda's death in 1976. In the pamphlet,<br />

Isherwood confesses that if he had not<br />

met Prabhavananda prior to going to Philadelphia,<br />

he might have become a Quaker<br />

and earlier "had every intention of doing<br />

so." He had reached that decision in spite of<br />

the misgivings of Gerald Heard, another<br />

English expatriate living in California, who<br />

was responsible for Isherwood's first acquaintance<br />

with Vedanta.<br />

By 1942, however, Isherwood felt that<br />

he, for primarily social reasons, could no<br />

G<br />

F<br />

s<br />

Germantown <strong>Friends</strong> School<br />

(215) 951-2346<br />

Please come to our Open Houses:<br />

• Saturday, Oct. 24, 2-4 p.m.<br />

• Wednesday, Nov. 11, 8:30-11 a.m.<br />

• Monday, April 12, 8:30-11 a.m.<br />

THE HICKMAN<br />

RETIREMENT RESIDENCE<br />

Independent Living and Personal Core<br />

U>nvenient to shops, businesses,<br />

and cultural opportunities<br />

Reasonable • Not·for.Profll<br />

Founded and operated by Quakers<br />

400 North Walnut Street<br />

WestChester,PA 19380 (610)696-1536<br />

Way as<br />

()pened<br />

for Students<br />

with Learning<br />

Differences<br />

College preparatory • Grades 7-12 • & Summer School<br />

Call (610) 640-4150 for information<br />

DELAWARE VALLEY FRIENDS SCHOOL<br />

19 E. Central Avenue, Paoli, PA 19301<br />

Admission Tours held monthly Navember- May<br />

One pathway to peace<br />

leads right through the<br />

halls of Congress<br />

Ask how you can help<br />

bring <strong>Friends</strong>· concern for<br />

peace and justice to Capitol Hill<br />

fRIENDS COMMITTEE ON NATIONAL L EGISLATION<br />

245 Second Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20002-5795<br />

DISCOVER QUAKER PHILADELPHIA<br />

Two-hour walking tours of William Penn's<br />

original city of brotherly love, in honor of<br />

Penn's 350th birthday.<br />

Send a SASE for schedule to: QUAKER<br />

TOURS, Box 1632, Media, PA 19063.<br />

23

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