Progress & ImPact serIes - Roll Back Malaria - World Health ...

chapter III
South and South-EaSt aSia
Several countries in the region have been successful in reducing malaria, gains that are
attributable to increasing the coverage of antimalaria interventions and to development activities
which have made habitats less suitable for malaria vectors. But the region still contains the
highest numbers of cases and deaths from malaria outside of Africa. Bringing down malaria in
this region increasingly concentrates the disease in populations and areas that have been least
affected by development—tribal populations and border areas—and where transmission can
be particularly intense due to highly efficient vectors. Providing services to these areas and
populations presents particular challenges and requires more commitment and resources than
in easier-to-reach populations. Yet it is in these areas that efforts must be intensified in order
to make significant inroads on the remaining burden of malaria and to prevent the emergence
of drug resistance.
Countries in control phase: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao
People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Viet Nam
Countries in pre-elimination phase: Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Sri
Lanka
Countries in elimination phase: Republic of Korea
Countries in prevention of reintroduction phase: None
Parasitological species of reported malaria cases: P. falciparum 58%, P. vivax 41%, P. ovale,
P. malariae, and P. knowlesi
Main vectors: An. Culicifacies (in plains); An. minimus, An. dirus, An. fluviatilis (in forests);
An. stephensi (in urban areas)
Population at risk: 2.1 billion; 62% of the resident population
Estimated number of cases: 29 million; 13% of global total, 84% of total outside of Africa
Estimated number of malaria deaths: 39 000; 6% of global total, 84% of total outside of Africa
Source: World Malaria Report 2011 (16).
DefeATINg MALARIA IN ASIA, The PACIfIC, AMeRICAS, MIDDLe eAST AND euRoPe
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