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Detection zones
The detection zones of ultrasonic sensors
The most important criterion to bear in mind when selecting an ultrasonic sensor is its detection range and the associated
three-dimensional detection zone.
In measuring the sensors various standard reflectors are introduced into the detection zones from the side and the points at
which these reflectors are detected by the sensor are marked.
Objects may be introduced into the detection zone from any direction.
The red areas
are determined with a thin round bar (10 or 27 mm dia. depending on type of sensor) and indicate the typical operating range
of a sensor.
In order to obtain the blue areas,
a plate (500 x 500 mm) is introduced into the beam spread from the side. In doing so, the optimum angle between plate and
sensor is always employed. This therefore indicates the maximum detection zone of the sensor. It is not possible to evaluate
ultrasonic reflections outside the blue beam spread.
A reflector with reflective properties inferior to those of the round bar can be detected in a zone that is smaller than that
indicated by the red area. On the other hand, a reflector with better reflective properties will be detected in a zone with a size
somewhere between that of the red and blue areas.
A sensor's blind zone determines its smallest permissible detection range. No objects or disturbing reflectors should be placed
in the blind zone because this can lead to incorrect measurements.
The operating ranges
given in the diagrams specify the distance at which the ultrasonic sensor can measure common reflectors with sufficient
operating reserve. The sensor can also be employed for distances up to its maximum range in the case of good reflectors. The
maximum detection range is always greater than the operating range. The diagrams apply for 20 °C, a relative humidity of
50% and normal pressure.
::: Detection zones :::