Journal of History and Culture Journal of History and Culture

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j o u r n a l o f h i s t o r y a n d c u l t u r e
1 The School of Athens 1510-11, Fresco. Stanza Segnatura Vatican Palace Rome; see The Art of Italian Renaissance: Architecture, Sculpture, Painting, Drawing, ed. Rolf Toman
(Tandem Verlag GmbH 2005), 335-6.
2 Gilles Plazy, The History of Art in Pictures (New York: Barnes and Nobles Books, 1999), 33.
3 R. Scruton, An Intelligent Person’s Guide to Philosophy (New York: Penguin, 1996), 86.
4 Robert A. Armour, Gods and Myths of Ancient Egypt, The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo Egypt, 1986, 135
5 For further reflection on eschatology and the production of space in Ancient Egypt, Schwaller de Lubicz presents a précis in Symbol et Symbolique (1947) and Le Temple
dans l’Homme (1949). On the subject of aesthetics, willpower and divinity; such idioms were of profound value to Egyptian architects see, R.A.Schwaller de Lubiz,
Symbol and the Symbolic: Ancient Egypt, Science, and the Evolution of Consciousness , trans. Robert and Deborah Lawlor , (Vermont: Inner Traditions International, 1978):
The Temple in Man: Sacred Architecture and the Perfect Man , trans. Robert and Deborah Lawlor, (Vermont: Inner Traditions International, 1977).
6 Spiro Kostoff, ed., The Architect (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977), 5
7 Kostoff, The Architect, 5.
8 Antonio R. Damasio, Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason , and the Human Brain (New York: G.P. Putman Sons, 1994), 249.
9 Gunnr Olsson, “ Line of Power” in Trevor J. Barnes and James S. Duncan eds., Writing Worlds: Discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape (London:
Rutledge, 1992), 88.
10 Thomas Molnar, “Paganism and its Renewal”, The Intercollegiate Review, 31:1 (Fall 1995), 28-35.
11 Bryan Wilson Key, The Age of Manipulation: con in confidence, the sin in sincere (New York: H. Holt, 1989), 6.
12 Anthony F. Janson ed., History of Art, vol. II (New Jersey: Prentice Hall-Abrams, 1995), 626.
13 See Martin Heidegger, The Question Concerning Technology and Other Essays (New York: Harper & Row 1977), 11.
14 Tom Wolfe, From Bauhaus to Our House, Pocket Books (New York: 1981), 42.
15 Akel Ismail Kahera, “Towards An ‘Integrated’ Design Pedagogy: Architectural Displacements and The Location of Culture Beyond The Bauhaus Tradition”, ACSA
Conference Proceedings 2006; “(Re) Thinking Primitivism, Cubism and the Agency of the Mask: Three forms of Improvisation.” Improvisation 2005, ACSA SW Regional
Proceedings. 267-74, (2006).
16 See Le Corbusier “Ineffable Space”, in Joan Ockman ed., Architecture Culture 1943-1968 (New York: Ri zzoli 1993), p.66.
17 Umberto Eco, The Limits of Interpretation (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990), 179.
18 Professor Craig Anz of Southern Illinois University, conveyed the incident to me; he was present when the remarks were made.
19 For example see the following books among others by Amos Rappoport, House Form and Culture (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1969; and Meaning in the Built Environment,
(Arizona: Arizona University Press, 1990).
20 Akel Kahera, Deconstructing the American Mosque: Space, Gender and Aesthetics (Austin: University of Texas Press: 2002)
21 Hassan Fathy, “Mosque Architecture”, unpublished manuscript, n.d.
22 Allen Alexander, “ The Fourth Face: the image of God in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye”, Journal of Black Studies 16 (1986), 429-34.
23 Ibid
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